AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.

com

Questions are for both separate science and combined science students unless indicated
in the question

Q1.
Viruses cause disease.

(a) What name is given to microorganisms that cause disease?

Tick (✓) one box.

Pathogens

Predators

Prokaryotes

(1)

(b) How do viruses cause the symptoms of disease?

Tick (✓) one box.

Viruses engulf white blood cells,

destroying them.

Viruses produce antibodies that

damage tissues.

Viruses reproduce inside cells,

damaging them.
(1)

Figure 1 shows a virus and an animal cell.

Figure 1

(c) Suggest one reason why viruses are not classed as cells.

___________________________________________________________

Page 1 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

___________________________________________________________
(1)

A vaccine can protect humans from a viral disease.

(d) What does the vaccine contain?

Tick (✓) one box.

A toxic form of a virus

A weakened form of a virus

An active form of a virus

(1)

In some cases, a first vaccination needs to be followed by a second vaccination

sometime later.

(e) Which graph shows how the concentration of antibodies in a person’s

blood changes after the first and second vaccinations?

Tick (✓) one box.

Page 2 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

(1)

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) causes disease in plants.

TMV affects the rate of photosynthesis in plants.

(f) Which part of a plant shows discolouration caused by TMV?

Tick (✓) one box. (separate only)

Flower

Leaf

Root

(1)

Page 3 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

The table below shows the rate of photosynthesis in four different tobacco plants.

Rate of
Level of TMV
Tobacco photosynthesis
infection in
plant in arbitrary
plant
units

A None 15

B Mild 13

C Medium 7

D High 3

(g) Complete Figure 2. (separate only)

You should:
• label the y-axis
• add the correct scale to the y-axis
• plot the data from the table above
• label each bar.

Figure 2

(5)

(h) What conclusion can be made from the data in the table above? (separate only)

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(1)

Page 4 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

(i) Explain why a high level of TMV infection reduces growth in a plant. (separate only)

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 14 marks)

Q2.
The human body can defend itself against microorganisms that cause disease.

Viruses are one type of microorganism that cause disease.

(a) Name one type of microorganism that causes disease in humans.

Do not refer to viruses in your answer.

___________________________________________________________
(1)

(b) Which two defence systems prevent microorganisms infecting the human
body?

Tick (✓) two boxes.

Air is warmed as it is breathed into the lungs.

Hairs on the skin trap microorganisms.

Hydrochloric acid is produced by the stomach.

Teeth in the mouth crush and kill microorganisms.

The skin is a barrier covering the whole body.

(2)

(c) If microorganisms enter the human body the immune system can destroy
the microorganisms.

How does the immune system destroy microorganisms?

Tick (✓) one box.

Page 5 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

Platelets kill the microorganisms.

Red blood cells stick to the microorganisms.

White blood cells engulf the microorganisms.

(1)

(d) Vaccinations prevent people becoming ill with diseases such as measles.

Complete the sentences.

Choose answers from the box.

active fast resistant slow weakened

In a vaccine the measles virus is _______________.

If the measles virus enters the body after vaccination the immune system
reaction

will be _______________.
(2)

(e) How is the measles virus spread from one person to another?

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(1)

Doctors investigated the spread of the virus that causes chickenpox.

The first symptom of chickenpox after exposure to the virus is spots on the body.

23 children were playing together at a party.

On the day of the party one of the children developed chickenpox spots.

Every two days after the party, the doctors recorded when the other 22 children
first showed chickenpox spots.

The table below shows the results.

Day when chickenpox spots first Number of

showed children

2 0

4 0

Page 6 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

6 0

8 0

10 1

12 1

14 6

16 4

18 2

20 0

Total 14

(f) What was the range for the days on which children first showed chickenpox
spots?

Use the table above.

From day __________ to day __________

(1)

(g) Incubation time is the usual time from exposure to a pathogen until the first
symptoms appear.

Suggest the most likely incubation time for chickenpox.

Incubation time = _______________ days

(1)

(h) Suggest one reason why some of the children did not develop chickenpox.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(1)

(i) One mother gave antibiotics to her child who had chickenpox.

Suggest why this child did not recover more quickly than the other children
who had chickenpox.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(1)
(Total 11 marks)

Q3.
Figure 1 shows part of a deadly nightshade plant.

Page 7 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

Figure 1

(a) How will the poisonous berries help the deadly nightshade plant to survive?
(separate only)
___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(1)

(b) Which type of defence mechanism are the berries?

Tick (✓) one box. (separate only)

Chemical

Mechanical

Physical

(1)

Figure 2 shows part of a gorse plant.

Figure 2

Page 8 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

(c) Suggest how the gorse plant is adapted to defend itself. (separate only)

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(1)

(d) The green leaves of the gorse plant make glucose for the plant to use.

What are two uses of glucose in the gorse plant?

Tick (✓) two boxes.

For defence

For respiration

To absorb water

To release minerals

To store as starch

(2)

(e) A student wanted to show that the leaves of a gorse plant contain glucose.

The student crushed the leaves to extract the liquid from the cells.

Describe the method the student could use to test the liquid from the cells
for glucose.

Include the result if glucose is present.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

Page 9 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(3)

(f) The roots of the gorse plant have bacteria that turn nitrogen gas into nitrate
ions.

Explain why nitrate ions are needed by the gorse plant. (separate only)

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(2)

(g) The roots of gorse plants can be infected by honey fungus.

The honey fungus produces tiny spores underground.

Suggest how the honey fungus spores travel from the roots of an infected
gorse plant to the roots of a healthy gorse plant.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(1)

A drug can be extracted from gorse seeds.

Doctors want to trial the drug from gorse seeds to see if it can treat diarrhoea.

(h) Which two factors must the doctors test the drug for in the trial?

Tick (✓) two boxes.

Appearance

Dosage

Solubility

Taste

Page 10 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

Toxicity

(2)

(i) In the trial some patients will take tablets made from gorse seeds and some
patients will take tablets made from sugar.

What are the tablets made from sugar called?

Tick (✓) one box.

Antibiotics

Antibodies

Painkillers

Placebos

(1)
(Total 14 marks)

Q4.
Mosquitoes carry a pathogen that causes malaria.

(a) What type of pathogen causes malaria?

Tick (✓) one box.

A bacterium

A fungus

A protist

A virus

(1)

Mosquito nets can help prevent the spread of malaria.

Table 1 shows the results of a study in one area of Africa.

Table 1

Page 11 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

Percentage of people with

Number of malaria
Total number people who Who do NOT
of people in use mosquito Who use
use
the study nets when mosquito
mosquito
sleeping nets when
nets when
sleeping
sleeping

476 426 1.2 40

A newspaper made the following statement:

‘Study shows mosquito nets are scientifically proven to prevent

malaria.’

(b) Give one piece of evidence that supports the statement.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(1)

(c) Suggest one reason why the statement may not be valid.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(1)

Table 2 shows information about the number of deaths from malaria in the same
area of Africa.

Table 2

Number of deaths
Year from malaria per
100 000 people
2005 161
2007 136
2009 114
2011 97
2013 94
2015 92

(d) Predict the number of people per 100 000 who died from malaria in 2017 if
the trend stayed the same.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

Number of people per 100 000 =______________________________

Page 12 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

(1)

(e) Use of mosquito nets has helped to reduce the number of deaths from
malaria each year.

Suggest one other reason for the reduced number of deaths from malaria
each year.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(1)

(f) Describe how the human body:

• prevents pathogens from entering

• defends itself against pathogens inside the body.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(6)
(Total 11 marks)

Q5.
A man has the following symptoms:

• yellow discharge from his penis

• pain when urinating.

(a) The man has a bacterial infection.

What is the most likely cause of the man’s symptoms?

Page 13 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

Tick (✓) one box.

Gonorrhoea

HIV

Measles

Salmonella poisoning

(1)

(b) The man took a full course of antibiotics.

The man’s symptoms did not improve.

Why did the antibiotics not cure the symptoms?

Tick (✓) one box.

The bacteria are immune to the

antibiotics.

The bacteria are resistant to the

antibiotics.

The man is immune to the

antibiotics.

The man is resistant to the

antibiotics.
(1)

(c) Using a condom can stop the bacteria being passed to another person
during sexual intercourse.

Suggest a different way the man could avoid passing the bacteria on to
someone else.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(1)

A scientist investigated the effect of three different antibiotics on three different

types of bacteria, A, B and C.

This is the method used.

Page 14 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

1. Grow bacteria A on an agar plate.

2. Put three separate paper discs each containing one of the antibiotics (1, 2 and
3) onto the agar plate

3. Put the agar plate into an incubator for 48 hours.

4. Repeat steps 1-3 for bacteria B and for bacteria C.

Figure 1 shows the scientist’s results.

Figure 1

(d) Compare the effectiveness of the three antibiotics at killing the different
types of bacteria. (separate only)

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(6)

Page 15 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

Milk contains bacteria.

A small volume of raw milk was placed in a counting chamber in a special type of
microscope slide.

Figure 2 shows what the counting chamber looked like when viewed using a
microscope.

Figure 2

A scientist counted the number of bacteria in four samples of raw milk.

Table 1 shows the results.

Table 1

Number of bacteria in
Milk sample
counting chamber
E 15
F 12
G 13
H 16

(e) Which milk sample is shown in Figure 2?

Tick (✓) one box. (separate only)

Sample E

Sample F

Sample G

Sample H

(1)

(f) Calculate the mean number of bacteria in the four samples in Table 1. (separate only)

___________________________________________________________

Page 16 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

Mean number of bacteria = _____________________________

(2)

(g) Calculate the mean number of bacteria per mm3 of milk in the samples.

Complete the following steps.

Calculate the total area of the counting chamber in Figure 2. (separate only)

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

Total area of counting chamber = _____________________________ mm2

The depth of the counting chamber is 0.01 mm

Calculate the volume of the counting chamber in Figure 2. (separate only)

Use the equation:

volume = area × depth

___________________________________________________________

Volume of counting chamber = ______________________________ mm3

Calculate the mean number of bacteria per mm3 of milk in the samples. (separate only)

Use the equation:

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

Mean number of bacteria per mm3 of milk = __________________________

Milk is heated to reduce the number of bacteria it contains before it is sold for
humans to drink.

Milk with more than 20 000 bacteria per cm3 cannot be sold for humans to drink.

Table 2 shows the number of bacteria per cm3 in four different samples of milk.

Table 2

Page 17 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

Milk sample Number of bacteria per cm3 of milk

P 1.8 × 104
Q 2.2 × 104
R 2.2 × 10−5
S 1.8 × 103
(3)

(h) Which of the milk samples could not be sold for humans to drink?

Tick (✓) one box. (separate only)

P Q R S

(1)

(i) Why should milk sold for humans to drink not contain large numbers of
bacteria?(separate only)

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(1)
(Total 17 marks)

Q6.
Eating food containing Salmonella bacteria can cause illness.

(a) Two symptoms of infection by Salmonella are vomiting and diarrhoea.

What causes these symptoms?

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(1)

(b) Give two ways a person with a mild infection of Salmonella can help
prevent the spread of the bacteria to other people.

1.
___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

2.
___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(2)

Page 18 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

(c) In very serious infections of Salmonella, a doctor can prescribe drugs to kill
the bacteria.

What type of drug can the doctor prescribe to kill the bacteria?

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(1)

(d) A person with AIDS may take longer than a healthy person to recover from
a Salmonella infection.

Explain why.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(2)

(e) Salmonella bacteria can be transmitted from chickens to humans. Chickens

can be vaccinated to prevent the transmission of Salmonella bacteria to
humans.

Suggest one other way farmers could prevent the transmission of

Salmonella from chickens to humans.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(1)

A restaurant owner employed a scientist to test the effectiveness of two

kitchen cleaning liquids.

The scientist took samples from two work surfaces:

• before the surfaces had been cleaned with the cleaning liquids
• after the surfaces had been cleaned with the cleaning liquids.

The samples were then analysed for the number of bacteria they
contained.

The results are shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1

Page 19 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

(f) Which cleaning liquid is the more effective?

Give a reason for your answer.

Cleaning liquid ______________

Reason
__________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(1)

The scientist investigated the effect of cleaning liquid A and cleaning liquid B on
Salmonella bacteria grown in a laboratory.

Figure 2 shows the way the investigation was set up.

Figure 2

Page 20 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

The Petri dish was placed in an incubator at 25 °C for 48 hours.

After 48 hours, the scientist calculated the area around each paper disc where
no bacteria were growing.

The results are shown in the table below.

Area around disc with no

Filter paper disc
bacteria growing in cm2

Water 0

Cleaning liquid A 11

Cleaning liquid B 13

(g) What measurement would the scientist need to take to calculate the area
where no bacteria were growing? (separate only)

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(1)

(h) Give one change to the investigation that would allow the scientist to check
if the results are repeatable. (separate only)

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(1)

(i) The scientist showed the results to the restaurant owner.

Both cleaning liquids cost the same per dm3.

Suggest one other factor the restaurant owner should consider when
choosing which cleaning liquid to use. (separate only)

___________________________________________________________

Page 21 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

___________________________________________________________
(1)
(Total 11 marks)

Q7.
Many diseases can be treated using drugs.

(a) Which type of pathogen can be killed by antibiotics?

Tick one box.

Bacteria

Fungi

Protists

Viruses

(1)

(b) Some drugs were originally extracted from living organisms.

Draw one line from each drug to the organism it was originally extracted
from.

(2)

Page 22 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

(c) New drugs must be tested before they can be used.

Give one reason why drugs should be tested.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(1)

(d) Doctors have developed a new drug.

The new drug has been tested on live animals.

What is the next stage in testing the new drug?

Tick one box.

Testing on animal tissues in a laboratory

Testing on healthy volunteers

Testing on patients with the disease

Testing on the whole human population

(1)

(e) Vaccination can be used to prevent an illness in a person.

Explain how a vaccination can prevent an illness.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(4)
(Total 9 marks)

Page 23 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

Q8.
Rose black spot is a disease of roses.

(a) What type of microorganism causes rose black spot?

Tick one box. (separate only)

A bacterium

A fungus

A protist

A virus

(1)

(b) Explain how different types of organism defend themselves against

microorganisms. (separate only)

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(6)

(c) A student tried to grow some bacteria in the laboratory.

The diagram shows some of the apparatus used.

Page 24 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

This is the method used.

1. Remove the lid of the Petri dish.

2. Remove the lid of the bottle containing the bacteria.
3. Use the inoculating loop to remove some of the bacteria from the
bottle.
4. Spread the bacteria over the agar using the inoculating loop.
5. Put the lid back on the Petri dish.
6. Put the Petri dish into an incubator at 25 °C for 24 hours.

Steps 1−5 could cause the sample of the bacteria on the petri dish to be
contaminated.

Give three improvements to the method to prevent contamination. (separate only)

1.
___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

2.
___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

3.
___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(3)

(d) Why did the student grow the bacteria at 25 °C rather than at 40 °C?

Tick one box. (separate only)

So the bacteria grew more quickly

So the bacteria grew more slowly

Page 25 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

To prevent the growth of a harmful pathogen

To save money

(1)
(Total 11 marks)

Q9.
A virus called RSV causes severe respiratory disease.

(a) Suggest two precautions that a person with RSV could take to reduce the
spread of the virus to other people.

1.
___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

2.
___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(2)

(b) One treatment for RSV uses monoclonal antibodies which can be injected
into the patient.

Scientists can produce monoclonal antibodies using mice.

The first step is to inject the virus into a mouse.

Describe the remaining steps in the procedure to produce monoclonal

antibodies. (separate only)

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(3)

Page 26 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

(c) Describe how injecting a monoclonal antibody for RSV helps to treat a
patient suffering with the disease. (separate only)

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(2)

A trial was carried out to assess the effectiveness of using monoclonal

antibodies to treat patients with RSV.

Some patients were given a placebo.

(d) Why were some patients given a placebo?

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(1)

A number of patients had to be admitted to hospital as they became so ill with

RSV.

The results are shown in the table below.

Treatment received by patient % of patients within each group

admitted to hospital with RSV

Group A: Monoclonal antibody for RSV 4.8

Group B: Placebo 10.4

The trial involved 1 500 patients.

• Half of the patients (group A) were given the monoclonal antibodies.
• Half of the patients (group B) were given the placebo.

(e) Calculate the total number of patients admitted to hospital with RSV during
the trial.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

Total number of patients admitted to hospital = ____________________

(2)

Page 27 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

(f) Evaluate how well the data in the table above supports the conclusion:

‘monoclonal antibodies are more effective at treating RSV than a

placebo’. (separate only)

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 12 marks)

Q10.
Microorganisms can cause disease.

(a) Draw one line from each disease to the correct description.

(3)

Page 28 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

(b) Gonorrhoea is a sexually transmitted disease.

A bacterium causes gonorrhoea.

What are the symptoms of gonorrhoea?

Tick two boxes.

Headache

Pain when urinating

Rash

Vomiting

Yellow discharge

(2)

(c) The table below shows the number of people in the UK diagnosed with
gonorrhoea in different years.

Number of people
diagnosed
with gonorrhoea in
thousands

Year Female Male

2005 5.0 12.5

2007 5.0 12.5

2009 5.5 12.0

2011 6.0 14.0

2013 7.5 22.0

Use the data in the table to complete the graph below.

• The numbers for males have already been plotted.

• Only some of the numbers for females have been plotted.

Page 29 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

(3)

(d) Describe the patterns in the numbers of males and females with
gonorrhoea from 2005 to 2013.

Use the data in the graph.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(3)

(e) Gonorrhoea is treated with an antibiotic.

HIV is another sexually transmitted disease.

Explain why prescribing an antibiotic will not cure HIV.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

Page 30 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

___________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 13 marks)

Q11.
Microorganisms cause infections.

The human body has many ways of defending itself against microorganisms.

(a) Describe two ways the body prevents the entry of microorganisms.

1.
___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

2.
___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(2)

(b) In 2014 the Ebola virus killed almost 8000 people in Africa.

Drug companies have developed a new drug to treat Ebola.

Explain what testing must be done before this new drug can be used to
treat people.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(6)
(Total 8 marks)

Page 31 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

Q12.
Lungworm is an infection.

Lungworm can kill dogs.

It is caused by a small worm.

The diagram below shows the lifecycle of the lungworm.

Dog © Eriklam/iStock/Thinkstock, snail © Karandaev/iStock/Thinkstock

(a) What type of organism is represented by the snail in the lifecycle of the
lungworm?

Tick one box.

Fungus

Parasite

Protist

Vector

(1)

(b) Suggest how the spread of the lungworm disease can be prevented.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

Page 32 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(3)

(c) Malaria is a disease spread by mosquitoes.

Describe two ways to control the spread of malaria.

1.
___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

2.
___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 6 marks)

Q13.
Pathogens are microorganisms that cause infectious diseases.

(a) The graph shows the percentage of children under 5 years old who died
from infectious diseases, in the UK, in four different years.

(i) Between 1750 and 1850 vaccinations were also developed.

Page 33 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

What is in a vaccine?

Tick (✔) one box.

large amounts of dead pathogens

large amounts of live pathogens

small amounts of dead pathogens

(1)

(ii) The advances in medicine had an effect on death rate.

Describe the effect these advances had between 1750 and 1850.

To gain full marks you should include data from the graph above.

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________
(2)

(b) Antibiotics were developed in the 1940s. Antibiotics kill bacteria.

(i) Which one of the following is an antibiotic?

Draw a ring around the correct answer.

cholesterol penicillin thalidomi

de
(1)

(ii) The use of antibiotics has not reduced the death rate due to all
diseases to zero.

Suggest two reasons why.

1.
_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

2.
_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________
(2)

Page 34 of 35
AQA Biology GCSE - Communicable Diseases PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

(c) In school laboratories, bacteria should be grown at a maximum

temperature of 25 °C.

Give one reason why companies testing new antibiotics grow bacteria at
37 °C. (separate only)

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(1)
(Total 7 marks)

Page 35 of 35