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(1) Published information in a particular subject area is discussed in?

(A) Journals B) Research proposal C) Literature review D) Bioethics E) All of them

(2) There are ________ basic elements of a literature review.

A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 E) 7

(3) Which one is not element of a literature review?

A) Headings B) Introduction C) Body D) Conclusion E) Recommendations

(4) Summarize & synthesize are characteristics of?

A) Research design B) Literature review C) story writing D) Journalism E) All of them

(5) Who should write a literature review?

A) Scholar B) Teacher C) Supervisor D) Co-ordinator E) Consultant

(6) Sources of Literature review are all, except?

A) Books B) Journals C) Articles D) Magazines E) Discussions

(7) Which of the following is characteristic of poor L.R?

A) Critical evaluation B) Clarity C) Conciseness D) Narrow & Shallow E) None of them

(8) Which of them is a characteristic of good L.R?

A) Confusing B) Critical evaluation C) Longwinded D) Confined to description E) All these

(9) The purposes of Literature review are all, except?

A) Copy pasting B) Discovering C) Synthesizing D) Identifying E) Establishing

(10) L.R is written _________ of the thesis.

A) In the start B) At the end C) After introduction D) In the middle (E) After references

(11) The method that consists of collection of data through observation and experimentation, formulation and

testing of hypothesis is called_______ method.

A) Empirical B) scientific C) Scientific information D) practical knowledge E) none of these

(12) All research processes start with________

A) Observation B) hypothesis C) Experiments D) deduction E) analysis

(13) A Research is a_________

A) Lab experiment B) systematic and scientific inquiry C) Report D) procedure E) hypothesis

(14) Which one of the following is/are not the characteristic of research?

A) Systemic B) logical C) Empirical D) replicable E) non-systematic

(15) The purpose of research is to:

A) Review or synthesize existing knowledge B) Investigate existing situations or problems

C) Provide solutions to problems D) Explain new phenomenon E) All of these

(16) On the basis of objective point of view how many types of research?

A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 E) 7

(17) Applied research is a type of research on the basis of ________

A) Application B) objective C) Types of information sought D) Application and objective E) None of these
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(18) Which of the following is/are the type of research on objective point of view?

A) Basic B) applied research C) Explanatory research D) Qualitative E) Quantitative research

(19) All of the following are the types of research on the basis of objective EXCEPT:

A) Exploratory B) descriptive C) Correlation research D) applied research E) Explanatory

(20) On the basis of information sought there are 2 types of research which are:

A) Exploratory research & explanatory research B) Descriptive research & correlation research

C) Qualitative research & quantitative research D) Basic research & applied research

E) Basic research & explanatory research

(21) Which of the following statement is not correct about a questionnaire?

A) A technique for collecting data B) Large amounts of information can be collected

C) Its quick and easy to collect results D) An expensive method to collect data

E) Set of questions for the purposes of a survey or statistical study

(22) Which of the following is a first step of designing a questionnaire?

A) Identify the goal of a questionnaire B) Choose a question type or types C) Identify a target demographic

D) Restrict the length of your questionnaire E) Develop questions for a questionnaire

(23) Types of commonly used questions in a questionnaire are:

A) Yes/no question B) agree/disagree C) Open-ended D) Rank-order / scale e) All of the above

(24) By writing a questionnaire you should avoid the following thing:

A) Restrict the length of your questionnaire B) Explain the purpose of the questionnaire

C ) Ask more than one question at a time D) Beware of asking for private or “sensitive” information

E) Put the most important questions at the beginning of your questionnaire

(25) Which of the following is a first step in writing a questionnaire?

A) Explain the purpose of the questionnaire B) Self introduction C) Estimate time

D) Reveal what will happen with the data you collect E) Describe any incentives that may be involved

(26) Common ways to distribute questionnaires are:

A) An online site B) using the mail C) Conduct face-to-face interviews D) using the telephone E) All of these

(27) Advantages of questionnaire are:

A) Inexpensive B) a practical way to gather data C) its quick and easy to collect results

D) Allow you to gather information from a large audience E) All of the above

(28) A systematic study directed toward greater knowledge or understanding of the fundamental aspects of
phenomena is called

A) Applied research B) basic research C) explanatory D) qualitative E) quantitative

(29) Which research refers to scientific study and research that seeks to solve practical problem?

A) Basic research B) applied research C) explanatory D) correlational E) descriptive

(30) Preliminary data collection is a part of the_______ research.

A) Qualitative B) exploratory C) explanatory D) correlational research AE) descriptive research

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(31) The purpose of which of the following research is to help in the process of developing a clear and

precise statement of research problem rather than in providing a definitive answer?

A) Exploratory B) descriptive C) explanatory D) basic research E) applied research

(32) Which type of research is undertaken to provide answers to questions of who, what, where, when,

and how – but not why.

A) Correlational B) descriptive C) explanatory D) basic research E) applied research

(33) Which of the following best describes quantitative research?

A) The collection of non-numerical data B) an attempt to confirm the researcher’s hypotheses

C) Research that is exploratory D) research that attempts to generate a new theory E) None

(34) A research in which the principal objective is to know and understand the trait and mechanisms of

the relationship and association between the independent and dependent variable is called….

A) Correlation B) descriptive C) Explanatory research D) basic research E) Applied research

(35) Which of the following is a characteristic of qualitative research?

A) Deductive process B) Control over the context C) Fixed research design

D) Inductive process E) None of these

(36) Deductive Reasoning is applied in:

A) Qualitative B) Action research C) Quantitative research D) Applied E) All of above

(37) One step not included in a research planning study is:

A) Identifying researchable problem B) a review of current research

C) Statement of research D) Developing a research plan E) None

(38) The feasibility of research study should be considered in light of:

A) Cost and time required to conduct research B) skill required of researcher

C) Potential ethical concerns D) All of the above E) None

(39) The research participant described in detail in which section of research plan:

A) Introduction B) method C) data analysis D) discussion E) All of above

(40) A research plan ________?

A) Should be detailed B) should be given to other for review and comments

C) Sets out the rationale for a research study D) all of the above E) None

(41) The method section of research plan typically specifies:

A) The research participants B) the result of prior studies that address the phenomena of interest
C) the apparatus instruments and materials for research study D) The planned research procedure
E) A, C and D

(42) The introduction section of research of research plan.

A) Gives overview of prior relevant study B) contains a statement of purpose of study

C) Both A and B (D) None

(43) Pick out odd one .probability sampling can be:

A) Simple random sampling B) Systemic random sampling

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C) Stratified random sampling D) Convenience sampling E) None

(43) A subset that is chosen from large population?

A) Parameter B) Variable C) Sample D) Statistic E) None of them

(44) Individual is chosen randomly and entirely by chance such each individual has the same probability of
chosen?

A) Systemic random sampling B) Simple random sampling C) Stratified random sampling

D) Complex sampling E) Non-sampling

(45) Which of the following sampling method required complete information about the entire individual of
population?

A) Systemic random sampling B) Stratified random sampling

C) Simple random sampling D) Convenience sampling E) All of above

(46) Sampling technique used when population under study is heterogeneous?

A) Simple random sampling B) Stratified random sampling

C) Systematic random sampling D) Snowball E) All of above

(47) A specific plan or protocol for conducting research that allow researcher to transform conceptual hypothesis
into practical one is________.

A) Research B) Basic research C) Study design D) Research problem D) None

(48) The basic epidemiological study designs are of_______ types.

A) Two B) Three C) Seven D) Eight E) Ten

(49) Pick individual based descriptive research:

A) Cross sectional B) Cohort C) Case report D) RCT`s E) Quassi experiments

(50) Pick population based descriptive research:

A) Case-control B) RCT`s C) Case series D) Cohort E) Ecological research

(51) Pick observational based analytical study design:

A) Case report B) Case series C) Ecological D) Cohort E) All of above

(52) Pick experimental/interventional study design:

A) RCT`s B) Quassi experiments C) Case control D) Cohort E) Both A & B

(53) Which one is not an analytical study?

A) Ecological B) Cohort C) Case-control D) RCT`s E) Quassi experiments

(54) A single patient clinical history is described in detail in_________

A) Cohort B) Case-control C) Case study D) Case series E) All of above

(55) Snapshot of population at a point of time is________.

A) Case report B) Cross-sectional C) Cohort D) Quassi E) RCT`s

(56) Screening surveys is example of________ study design.

A) Cross-sectional B) Lab tests C) WHO screening D) Community screening E) RCT`s

(57) _________ study is part of social sciences, not general research.

A) Cohort B) Case-control C) Case study D) Case series E) Cross-sectional

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(58) Temporal relation doesn`t exist in __________ study design.

A) Case report B) Case series C) Cohort D) None of these E) Both A & C

(59) The variable being tested & measured in a scientific experiment is_________.

A) Dependent B) Independent C) Subjective D) Fixed E) None-statistical

(60) A_________ variable is changed & controlled in a scientific experiment.

A) Dependent B) Independent C) Subjective D) Fixed E) Non-statistical

(61) Which of the following is non-probability sampling technique?

A) Simple random sampling B) Stratified random sampling C) Snowball sampling

D) Cluster sampling E) Systematic random sampling

(62) Ethics is the branch of________.

A) Philosophy B) Social sciences C) Statistics D) Biostatistics E) Bio-medics

(63) A field of study concerned with the ethics & philosophical implications of certain biological & medical
procedures, technologies & treatments is called_________.

A) Bio-medics B) Biotechnology C) Biogeography D) Biology E) Bioethics

(64) Research should be driven only by desire to establish the ________.

A) Information B) Conclusion C) Truth D) Planning E) All of these

(65) Who provided Helsinki declarations for guidance of medical research community?

A) WHO B) UNO C) OIC D) World medical association E) None

(66) General ethical principles include:

A) Beneficence B) Non-maleficence C) Respect for person D) All A, B & C E) Only A & C

(67) Informed consent is also a part of:

A) Social sciences B) Research ethics C) Lab tests D) TV shows E) Social media

(68) The process of identifying & reporting unethical or unsound research is called_______.

A) Research ethics B) Research misconduct C) Study design D) Scholarity E) None

(69) _______ is making up data or results & recording or reporting them.

A) Plagiarism B) Falsification C) Publication D) Fabrication E) Jurisdiction

(70) The appropriation of another person`s ideas, processes, results or words without giving appropriate credit is
called________.

A) Falsification B) Fabrication C) Publication D) Jurisdiction E) Plagiarism

(71) The answers from respondents of the questionnaire are run in software called, ________.

A) BLAST B) SPSS C) APSSP D) MEGA5 E) Google scholar

(72) SPSS software can also detect the magnitude of _________.

A) Plagiarism B) Study design C) Research ethics D) Literature review E) None

(73) Our research starts with the first step of________.

A) Research type B) Research ethics C) Research problem D) Plagiarism E) Both A & C

(74) A research scholar is guided by a trained scholar or _________.

A) Pharmacist B) Supervisor C) Parents D) Colleagues E) School friends

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(75) A research normally ends with some _________.

A) Recommendations B) Conclusions C) Summary D) Both A & B E) Only C

(76) Expansion of knowledge is possible & the result of_________ research.

A) True research B) Systematic research C) Complete research D) All A, B & C E) Only A

(77) Step by step & proper method is called ________.

A) Systematic approach B) Non-systematic C) Logical step D) Inferences E) None of these

(78) What isn`t included in research?

A) Only info: gathering B) No contribution to new knowledge C) Innovative D) Both A & B E) None

(79) The 5 key characteristics of a research include all, except_________.

A) Systemic B) Logical C) Reproductive D) Empirical E) Replicable

(80) Smoking & lung cancer is an example of ________research.

A) Descriptive B) Exploratory C) Explanatory D) Basic research E) Correlational

(81) Unstructured or semi-structured techniques & non-statistical analysis is part of ________.

A) Quantitative B) Qualitative C) Action research D) Applied research E) All of these

(82) The data acquired from internet or medical record is _________ data.

A) Primary B) Qualitative C) Quantitative D) Secondary E) Both C & D

(83) A person is given a questionnaire for inquiring his health status, the data provided is ________.

A) Primary B) Secondary C) Tertiary D) Indirect data E) Analytical data

(84) Measurement the height of students of class 7th & writing it as 4 ft, 4.5 ft, 4.7 ft, this is ________.

A) Qualitative research B) Applied C) Quantitative D) Descriptive E) Basic

(85) The following type of research is used to recommend a final course of action:

A) Action research B) Basic C) Qualitative D) Quantitative E) Both C & D

(86) Which step isn`t included in doing before writing a literature review?

A) clarity B) Narrowing topic C) Finding model D) Avoid focus E) Consider organization

(87) Keeping own voice in writing research is a part of writing -_______.

A) Literature review B) Introduction C) Recommendations D) Conclusions E) All of these

(88) In writing each piece, considerations should be given to all, except_______.

A) Provenance B) Vigilance C) Objectivity D) Value E) Persuasiveness

(89) Which one is not part of research methodology?

A) Collecting info; B) Writing L.R C) Drawing conclusions D) Follow up E) Publication

(90) The part where credit is given to any author of previous work is called________.

A) Introduction B) Conclusion C) References D) Publication E) All of these

(91) Strength of association is studied in which study design?

A) Analytical B) Observational C) Interventional D) Both A & C E) Both B & C

(92) Testing of hypothesis is done in_________.

A) Analytical B) Observational-analytical C) Interventional D) Both A & C E) Both B & C

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(93) Developing the hypothesis is an objective of _______ study.

A) Analytical B) Interventional C) Observational D) Experimental E) Descriptive

(94) No examination of association b/w exposure & health outcome, select true study design:

A) Analytical B) Descriptive C) Interventional D) Observational E) Experimental

(95) A study that helps in developing an etiological hypothesis:

A) Cohort B) Case-control C) Case report D) Cross-sectional comparative E) Case study

(96) When you are searching different search engines & assessing published materials. It is a ________.

A) Literature review B) Literature search C) Internet surfing D) Both A & B E) None

(97) Outline approach is used in which part of research?

A) Questionnaire B) Research ethics C) Study design D) L.R E) All of these

(98) ‘’Do you treat your children with kindness like a good parent should do?’’ This is a______ question.

A) Confusing B) Double-barrelled C) Loaded or bias D) Fine E) Invalid

(99) Do you like cats and dogs? This is a ________ question.

A) Confusing B) Double-barrelled C) Loaded or bias D) Fine E) Invalid

(100) You should start your questionnaire with a question that is more________ to topic.

A) Relevant B) Exhausting C) Strong D) Endless E) Confusing

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