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Mandela Textual QNS and Ans

The document discusses Nelson Mandela's autobiography 'Long Walk to Freedom' and key events from his life and struggle against apartheid in South Africa. It provides summaries of chapters discussing his early life, his inauguration as President, and his evolving understanding of freedom over time.

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NASREEN KADER
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47 views4 pages

Mandela Textual QNS and Ans

The document discusses Nelson Mandela's autobiography 'Long Walk to Freedom' and key events from his life and struggle against apartheid in South Africa. It provides summaries of chapters discussing his early life, his inauguration as President, and his evolving understanding of freedom over time.

Uploaded by

NASREEN KADER
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NELSON MANDELA: LONG WALK TO FREEDOM

-NELSON MANDELA

Oral Comprehension Check (Pg: 18,19)

3. By ‘an extraordinary human disaster’ Mandela means to state the practice of apartheid in
South Africa. During this time there was a racial segregation based on colour and the blacks
suffered a lot.

Mandela considers it as great ‘glorious human achievement’ that a black person became the
President of a country where the blacks were not even considered human beings and were
treated badly.

4. Mandela felt very privileged to welcome the international leaders at the oath taking
ceremony because not too long ago, the South Africans were considered outlaws. This was a
gesture of international recognition to a newly born free democratic nation and it could be
considered as a common victory for justice, peace and human dignity.

5. Nelson Mandela set the ideals of liberating people from the bondage of poverty, deprivation
and suffering. He also set the ideal for a society where there would be no discrimination based
on gender or racial origins.

Oral Comprehension Check (Pg: 21)

1. The highest military generals of South African Defence forces and police saluted and pledged
their loyalty to Mandela. This was of great significance because, during the Apartheid era, they
would have arrested him and put him behind bars. Their attitude towards Blacks changed due
to the struggles and sacrifices that were put in by many heroes of South Africa.

2. The singing of the two national anthems symbolized the equality of rights between Whites
and Blacks.

3. (i) In the first decade of the century, the whites erected a system of racial domination
against the blacks, thus creating the basis of one of the harshest and most inhumane societies
the world had ever known.
(ii) In the final decade of the 20th century, the previous system had been overturned and
replaced by one which recognised rights and freedom of all people regardless of color of their
skin.

4. According to Mandela courage does not mean the absence of fear but a victory over fear. A
brave man need not be fearless but should be able to conquer fear.

5. Mandela thinks that love comes more naturally to the human heart rather than hate.

1
Oral Comprehension Check (Pg: 24)

1. Mandela mentions that every man has twin obligations. The first is to his family, parents,
wife and children; and the second obligation is to his people, his community and his country.

2. As a boy, Mandela felt wandering in the fields near his hut as being free. It was to swim, to
run through the village, to roast mealies at night and to ride the bulls. As a student , being free
meant staying out at night, reading what he pleased, and go where he choose. These were
‘transitory freedoms’. But the ‘basic and honourable freedoms’ were to live with dignity and
self-respect.

3. Mandela does not think that the oppressor is free because according to him an oppressor is
a victim of hatred. He is locked in prejudice and narrow-mindedness. He realises that both the
oppressor and the oppressed are robbed of their humanity and peace.

Thinking about the Text (Page 24)

1. Many international leaders attended the inauguration to pay their respects. It signified the
triumph of human freedom and democracy. It also signified the importance of political
independence.

2. By saying that he is “simply the sum of all those African patriots”, Mandela offers his tribute
to all the people who had sacrificed their lives in favour of the struggle for freedom. He says
that he shall always remain grateful and thankful to those who had gone before him because
those freedom fighters had paved the path of cooperation and unity for him.

3. I agree with the statement that depths of oppression create heights of character. It is a fact
that the more one is oppressed, the more one becomes strong in character. Mandela says that
the decades of oppression and brutality produced many patriots who were like the great heroes
of South Africa such as Oliver Tambo, Walter Sisulu, Chief Luthulis, Yusuf Dadoos, Bram
Fischers, and Robert Sobukwes.

India is full of such examples, during our freedom struggle there was a galaxy of leaders of
great characters and the oppression of British rule created and encouraged people of noble
characters like Mahatma Gandhi, Lala Lajpat Rai, JL Nehru, Sardar Bhagat Singh and many
more.

4. With age and experience, Mandela understood the real meaning of freedom. As a young
boy, he thought that he was born free and believed that if he obeyed his father and abided by
the customs of his tribe, he was free in every possible manner. As he grew older, freedom to
raise a family and freedom to earn a livelihood started dominating his thoughts. He slowly
understood that it was not just his freedom that was being cut, but the freedom of all blacks. It
was the freedom from fear and prejudice. Age and experience widened his perspective of
freedom.

5. Mandela realised in his youth that it was not just his freedom that was being curtailed, but
the freedom of all blacks. This changed the fearful man to a fearless rebel.

2
He sacrificed the comforts of a settled family life to fight for a greater cause. He joined the
African National Congress, and this changed him from a frightened young man into a bold one
who fought against racial prejudice.

3
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