Solar intensity is a measure of the radiation received from the Sun at the surface of the Earth.

1.
Figure 1 shows how the mean solar intensity changes with the distance from the equator.

Figure 1

(a) The ci f A he i 4200 f he e a .

What is the mean solar intensity in Athens?

Mean solar intensity = _______________ W/m2

(1)

Bishop Ullathorne Catholic School Page 1 of 14

Solar water heaters use radiation from the Sun to heat water.

The heated water is stored in a water tank.

Figure 2 shows a solar water heater on the roof of a building.

Figure 2

(b) Ci ie c e he e a ha e a e b i di g ih a a e hea e ha ci ie
further away from the equator.

Suggest why.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

(c) The e f a a e hea e a ed ce he eed b f i f e .

Complete the sentence.

Choose the answer from the box.

carbon dioxide nitrogen oxygen

Burning fossil fuels contributes to global warming because there is an increase in

the amount of ____________________ in the atmosphere.
(1)

Bishop Ullathorne Catholic School Page 2 of 14

(d) The efficie c f he a a e hea e i 0.61

Calculate the useful power output when the total power input to the solar water heater is
1100 W.

Use the equation:

useful power output = efficiency × total power input

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Useful power output = _______________ W

(2)

(e) Diffe e a a e hea e ha e diffe e i ed hea i g a e .

Suggest how the size of the heating panels affects the input power to a solar water heater.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

(f) Wa e ha a high ecific hea ca aci .

What is meant by the specific heat capacity of water?

✓) one box.
Tick (✓

The energy required to change the state of 1 kg of water from liquid

to gas.

The energy required to increase the temperature of 1 kg of water by

1 °C.

The power required to change the state of 1 kg of water from liquid

to gas.

The power required to increase the temperature of 1 kg of water by

1 °C.

(1)

Bishop Ullathorne Catholic School Page 3 of 14

(g) The a e a c ai ed 80 g f a e .

The change in thermal energy of the water was 8 400 000 J.

specific heat capacity of water = 4200 J/kg °C

Calculate the temperature change of the water.

Use the Physics Equations Sheet.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Temperature change = _______________ °C

(3)

(h) The a e a i he a i a ed.

How does thermal insulation affect the rate of energy transfer from the water in the tank?

✓) one box.
Tick (✓

Thermal insulation decreases the rate of energy

transfer.

Thermal insulation does not change the rate of

energy transfer.

Thermal insulation increases the rate of energy

transfer.

(1)

Bishop Ullathorne Catholic School Page 4 of 14

 (i) The ab e be h i f ai ab diffe e a e ia .

Thermal conductivity in
Material
arbitrary units

A 3

B 2

C 8

D 4

Which material in the table above is the best thermal insulator?

✓) one box.
Tick (✓

A B C D

(1)
(Total 12 marks)

Figure 1 shows a mobile phone with its battery removed.

2.
Figure 1

A student measured the potential difference across the battery and then put the battery into the
phone.

Bishop Ullathorne Catholic School Page 5 of 14

(a) Wha i he e ai i i gc e (I), potential difference (V) and resistance (R)?

✓) one box.
Tick (✓

I=VR

R=IV

V=IR

V=I2R

(1)

(b) The c e i he e ec ic ci c i i he bi e h e a 0.12 A.

The potential difference across the battery was 3.9 V.

Calculate the resistance of the electronic circuit in the mobile phone.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Re i a ce = _______________
(3)

(c) Wied he e ai hich i e e g (E), power (P) and time (t).

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

Bishop Ullathorne Catholic School Page 6 of 14

(d) The ba e a f cha ged he i a i he bi e h e.

The battery discharged when the mobile phone was switched on.

The average power output of the battery as it discharged was 0.46 watts.

The time taken to fully discharge the battery was 2500 minutes.

Calculate the energy transferred by the battery.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Energy transferred = _______________ J

(3)

The mobile phone includes a sensor to monitor the temperature of the battery.

Figure 2 shows the circuit symbol for a component used in the sensor.

Figure 2

(e) Wha c e d e he ci c i b h i Figure 2 represent?

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

(f) The e ea e f he c e i Figure 2 increases.

The potential difference across the component remains constant.

Explain what happens to the current in the component.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 11 marks)

Bishop Ullathorne Catholic School Page 7 of 14

 A radioactive source emits alpha, beta and gamma radiation.
3.
(a) A a ha a ic e i he a e a a he i ce .

How many times bigger is the radius of a helium atom than the radius of an alpha particle?

✓) one box.
Tick (✓

Less than 100 times bigger

Exactly 5000 times bigger

More than 10 000 times bigger

(1)

(b) A ha a ic e ca i i ea i he ai .

What happens to an atom when it is ionised by an alpha particle?

✓) two boxes.
Tick (✓

A neutron in the atom becomes a proton.

The atom becomes a positive ion.

The atom gains a neutron.

The atom gains a proton.

The atom loses an electron.

(2)

Bishop Ullathorne Catholic School Page 8 of 14

(c) A a de ec i a de ice ha ca be ed de ec a ha adia i .

A spark detector works by alpha particles ionising atoms in the air near a wire mesh.

A large potential difference creates a spark when the air near the wire mesh is ionised.

Suggest why a spark detector cannot detect beta radiation.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

Bishop Ullathorne Catholic School Page 9 of 14

(d) A eache a de a e ha he adi ac i e ce e i a ha, be a a d ga a
radiation.

The figure below shows the equipment the teacher has.

Describe a method the teacher could use.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(6)
(Total 10 marks)

Bishop Ullathorne Catholic School Page 10 of 14

 A student determined the density of a cube made of bronze.
4.
The student used a balance to measure the mass of the bronze cube.

Figure 1 shows the balance before the cube was added.

Figure 1

(a) Wha e fe i h he ba a ce?

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

(b) H c d he de ge a c ec a ef he a f he c be f he ba a ce?

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

(c) The de ea ed he e g h f he b e c be i g Ve ie ca i e a d he i g
a micrometer.

Table 1 shows the results.

Table 1

Equipment Length in mm

Vernier callipers 20.1

Micrometer 20.14

Complete the sentence.

The results in Table 1 show that the Vernier callipers and the micrometer have
a different ____________________.
(1)

The student wanted to determine the density of a bronze coin.

The student had several identical coins.

The volume of each coin was very small.

Bishop Ullathorne Catholic School Page 11 of 14

(d) The de added a e a ea i g c i de .

Figure 2 shows the student reading the volume of water in the measuring cylinder.

Figure 2

Give two changes the student should make to increase the accuracy of the volume
measurement.

1 _________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

2 _________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)

(e) De c ibe h he de c d e a di ace e eh d de e i e a acc a e a e

for the volume of a single coin.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(3)

Bishop Ullathorne Catholic School Page 12 of 14

(f) Od e c i ee ade f a di c f b e.

New penny coins are made from a disc of a different metal.

Figure 3 shows a disc of metal.

Figure 3

Table 2 shows information about the discs used to make each coin.

Table 2

Disc Mass in g Density in g/cm3 Thickness in cm

Old penny 3.6 8.9 0.16

New penny 3.6 X 0.17

The discs used to make the old and the new coins have the same cross-sectional area.

Calculate value X in Table 2.

Give your answer to 2 significant figures.

The volume of a disc can be calculated using the equation:

volume of a disc = cross-sectional area × thickness

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
Bishop Ullathorne Catholic School Page 13 of 14
___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Density (2 significant figures) = _______________ g/cm3

(5)
(Total 13 marks)

Bishop Ullathorne Catholic School Page 14 of 14