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1.6 ME Plan

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27 views15 pages

1.6 ME Plan

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leulsjournal
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Introduction to

Monitoring and Evaluation


Monitoring - Evaluation

 Monitoring is the  Evaluation is the use of


routine process of specific study designs and
special studies to
data collection and
measure the extent to
measurement of which changes in desired
progress toward health outcomes are
program attributable to a program’s
objectives. interventions.

Interventions Outcome
Three Primary Uses of Evaluation Findings

 Rendering judgments
 Summative evaluations of program’s overall
effectiveness
e.g., audit, renewal, quality control, accreditation

 Facilitating improvements
 Formative evaluation to improve program
e.g., program’s strengths/weaknesses, progress

 Generating knowledge
 Conceptual use of findings
e.g., generalization, theory building
What is an M&E Plan?
 An M&E Plan is a document that describes
a system which links strategic information
obtained from various data collection
systems to decisions that will improve
health programs.
 Fundamental document to ensure:
Accountability
Measure of success
Introduction Cont……
 Every project or intervention should have a monitoring and evaluation
(M&E) plan. This is the fundamental document that details a program’s
objectives, the interventions developed to achieve these objectives and
describes the procedures that will be implemented to determine whether or
not the objectives are met.

 It shows how the expected results of a program relate to its goals and
objectives, describes the data needed and how these data will be collected and
analyzed, how this information will be used, the resources that will be needed,
and how the program will be accountable to stakeholders.

 M&E plans should be created during the design phase of a program and can be
organized in a variety of ways. Typically, they include:
 The underlying assumptions on which the achievement of
program goals depend
 The anticipated relationships between activities, outputs, and
outcomes;
 Well defined conceptual measures and definitions along with
baseline values;
Introduction Cont….
 The monitoring schedule;
 A list of data sources to be used
 Cost estimates for the M&E activities;
 A list of the partnerships and collaborations that will help achieve the
desired results; and
 A plan for the dissemination and utilization of the information gained.

M&E plans:
 State how a program will measure its achievements and therefore
provide accountability;
 Document consensus and provide transparency;
 Guide the implementation of M&E activities in a standardized and
coordinated way; and
 Preserve institutional memory.
Functions of an M&E Plan
 State how the program is going to measure
what it has achieved (ensure accountability)
 Document consensus (encourage
transparency and responsibility)
 Guide M&E implementation
(standardization and coordination)
 Preserve institutional memory

M&E plan is a living document and needs to be


adjusted when a program is modified.
Functions of an M&E Plan:
by level of the health system
 Facility (primary data collection):
• Manage patients/clients
• Supervise providers
• Manage logistics
• Report to district HIS and vertical programs and community

 District:
• Allocate resources
• Report to provincial/national

 National (Comprehensive vs. Vertical Programs)


• Allocate resources
• Collect national data
• Report to international donors and other stakeholders
Components of M&E Plan
Typically, the components of an M&E plan include:
1. Introduction
2. Program description and framework
3. Detailed description of the plan indicators
4. Data collection plan
5. Plan for monitoring
6. Plan for evaluation
7. Plan for the utilization of the information gained
8. Mechanism for updating the plan
1. Introduction:
The introduction to the M&E plan should include:
 Information about the purpose of the program, the specific M&E activities that
are needed and why they are important; and
 a development history that provides information about the motivations of the
internal and external stakeholders and the extent of their interest,
commitment and participation.

2. The program description should include:


 A problem statement that identifies the problem to be addressed. This concise
statement provides information about the situation that needs changing, who it
affects, its causes, its magnitude and its impact on society;
 The program goal and objectives: A program’s goal is a broad statement about
the desired long-term outcome of the program.
 Description of the specific interventions to be implemented and their duration,
geographic scope and target population; space, equipment and supplies);
 The conceptual framework, which is a graphical depiction of the factors
thought to influence the problem of interest and how these factors relate to
 each other; and
 The logical framework or results framework that links the goal and objectives
to the interventions.
3. Indicators
 Indicators are clues, signs or markers that measure one aspect of a program
and show how close a program is to its desired path and outcomes. They are
used to provide benchmarks for demonstrating the achievements of a program.

 One of the most critical steps in designing an M&E system is selecting


appropriate indicators. The M&E plan should include descriptions of the
indicators that will be used to monitor program implementation and
achievement of the goals and objectives.

4. Data sources and Data collection Plan


 Data sources are sources of information used to collect the data needed
to calculate the indicators.
 The data collection plan should include diagrams depicting the systems
used for data collection, processing, analysis and reporting. The strength
of these systems determines the validity of the information obtained.
 Potential errors in data collection, or in the data themselves, must be
carefully considered when determining the usefulness of data sources.
5. A plan for monitoring:
 The monitoring plan describes:
 Specific program components that will be monitored, such as
provider performance or the utilization of resources;

 How this monitoring will be conducted; and the indicators that will
be used to measure results. Because monitoring is concerned with
the status of ongoing activities, output indicators, also known as
process indicators, are used.

For example, these indicators might be the following:

 How many children visit a child health clinic in one month?


 How many of these children are vaccinated during these visits?
6. Evaluation Plan
 The evaluation plan provides the specific research design and methodological
approaches to be used to identify whether changes in outcomes can be
attributed to the program.

 For instance, if a program wants to test whether quality of patient care can
be improved by training providers, the evaluation plan would identify a
research design that could be used to measure the impact of such an
intervention.

 One way this could be investigated would be through a quasi experimental


design in which providers in one facility are given a pretest, followed by the
training and a post test. For comparison purposes, a similar group of
providers from another facility would be given the same pretest and post
test, without the intervening training.

 Then the test results would be compared to determine the impact of the
training.
7. Information Dissemination and use
 How the information gathered will be stored, disseminated and used
should be defined at the planning stage of the project and described in
the M&E plan.

 This will help ensure that the findings from M&E efforts are not wasted
because they are not shared.

 Dissemination channels can include written reports, press releases and


stories in the mass media, and speaking events.

8. Implementation and Mechanism of Update


 The capacities needed to implement the efforts described in the M&E
plan should be included in the document.

 A mechanism for reviewing and updating the M&E plan should also be
included. This is because changes in the program can and will affect
the original plans for both monitoring and evaluation.
In implementing the M&E plan

 Utility - serve practical information needs of


intended users

 Feasibility - be realistic, prudent, diplomatic


and economical

 Propriety - conducted legally, ethically, and


with regard to those involved in and affected by
the evaluation

 Accuracy - reveal and convey technically


accurate information

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