AAIT CAMPUS

Introduction to Emerging Technology

GROUP ASSIGNMENT
Section ：Nine(9)

Group Five(5)
Students Name ID
1. Ygeremu Sisay UGR/9603/16
2. Eyob Dereje UGR/8159/16
3. Yanet yohannes UGR/8192/16
4. Bisrat Gulelat UGR/5229/16
5. Samrawit birhane UGR/0149/16
6. Lidya meskerem UGR/5579/16
7. Dagm yibabe UGR/9395/16

Submission Date: June 09/2024

Submitted to: Zebiba Ahmed

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 Table of Contents

Big data

Definition of Big data…………………………………………………………… 3

History of Big data……………………………………. ……………………….. 4

Application of Big data …………………………………………………………. 4

Summary on Big data……………..…………………………………………….. 5

Robotic process automation

Definition of Robotic process automation……………………………………… 6

History of Robotic process automation ………………. ……………………….. 7

Application of Robotic process automation ……………………………………. 8

Summary on Robotic process automation ………………………………………9

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 Definition of Big Data
 What exactly is big data?
“Big data is data that contains greater variety arriving in increasing volumes and
with ever higher velocity. This is known as the three Vs.”

To put it simply: big data is larger, more complex data sets, especially from new
data sources. These data sets are so voluminous that traditional data processing
software just can’t manage them. But these massive volumes of data can be used
to address business problems you wouldn’t have been able to tackle before.

THE THREE VS OF BIG DATA

 Volume.The amount of data matters. With big data, you’ll have to process
high volumes of low-density, unstructured data. This can be data of unknown
value, such as Twitter data feeds, clickstreams on a webpage or a mobile app,
or sensor-enabled equipment. For some organizations, this might be tens of
terabytes of data. For others, it may be hundreds of petabytes. Velocity.

 Velocity is the fast rate at which data is received and (perhaps) acted on.
Normally, the highest velocity of data streams directly into memory versus
being written to disk. Some internet-enabled smart products operate in real
time or near real time and will require real-time evaluation and action.

 Variety. In today’s big data world, data comes in new unstructured data
types. Unstructured and semi-structured data types, such as text, audio, and
video require addition preprocessing to derive meaning and support metadata.

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  History of Big Data
Around 2005, people began to realize just how much data users generated
through Facebook, YouTube, and other online services. Hadoop (an open-source
framework created specifcally to store and analyze big data sets) was developed
that same year. NoSQL also began to gain popularity during this time.

The development of open-source frameworks, such as Hadoop (and more recently,

Spark) was essential for the growth of big data because they make big data easier
to work with and cheaper to store. In the years since then, the volume of big data
has skyrocketed. Users are still generating huge amounts of data—but it’s not just
humans. With the advent of Internet of Things (IoT) , more objects and devices are
connected to the internet, gathering data on customer usage patterns and product
performance. The emergence of machine learning has produced still more data.

While big data has come far, its popularity is only just beginning. Cloud computing
has expanded big data possibilities even further. The cloud offers a truly elastic
scalability, where developers can just spin up ad hoc clusters to test around a
subset of data. It’s an exciting time to see what’s going to happen next.

 Application of Big Data

 This new knowledge enables you to handle use cases that you haven’t been
able to fully delve into before. Here are just a few.

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  Healthcare
Health care, or healthcare, is the improvement of health via the prevention,
diagnosis, treatment, amelioration or cure of disease, illness, injury, and other
physical and mental impairments in people. Health care is delivered by health
professionals and allied health fields.
 Banking and Securities
In the banking and securities sector, Big Data plays a pivotal role in fraud
detection and prevention. Through advanced analytics, anomalies in
transaction patterns are swiftly identified, enabling real-time intervention and
safeguarding against financial fraud.
 Communications, Media, and Entertainmen
The realm of communications, media, and entertainment thrives on Big
Data’s capabilities. Audience analytics empower media companies to decipher
viewer habits, preferences, and engagement patterns, optimizing content
creation and targeted advertising. Content recommendation algorithms utilize
Big Data applications to suggest personalized content, enhancing user
experiences.
 Education
In education, Big Data empowers institutions with learning analytics, offering
insights into student performance and learning patterns. Predictive analytics
aids in identifying students at risk of dropping out, allowing timely
intervention and support.
 Government
Big Data applications to government are vast. Urban planning benefits from
data-driven insights into traffic patterns, resource allocation, and
infrastructure needs. Public safety gains from predictive crime analysis,
enabling law enforcement agencies to allocate resources effectively.

 Summary
Finally, big data has tremendous potential. Putting a big data initiative to work at
your organization can help you better understand your customers, make more
accurate decisions, and create new growth opportunities.

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  Definition of Robotic process automation
• Robotic process automation (RPA) is a software technology that makes it
easy to build, deploy, and manage software robots that emulate humans actions
interacting with digital systems and software.
• RPA uses automation technologies to mimic back-office tasks of human workers,
such as extracting data, filling in forms, moving files, etc. It is a form of business
process automation that is based on software robots (bots) or artificial intelligence
(AI) agents.

 RPA is not a humanoid robot it does not have a physical form and no
resemblance to humans, RPA cannot replace humans or replicate human
cognitive functions and cannot also perform logical or critical thinking as
humans do.

• In traditional workflow automation tools, a software developer produces a list

of actions using internal application programming interfaces (APIs) or dedicated
scripting language. In contrast, RPA systems develop the action list by watching the
user perform that task in the application's graphical user interface (GUI), and then
perform the automation by repeating those tasks directly in the graphical user
interface.
• sRPA ensures consistent error-free output leading to reduced operational risks;
this in turn improves customer satisfaction in the area of delivery.
 History of Robotic process automation

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•The history of Robotic Process Automation (RPA) can be divided into three
phases:

 Phase 1: 1970-1990
 Early Automation: The 1970s saw the development of machine learning sets,
computers, and other technological devices. Businesses began to computerize
their processes, led by management information systems (MIS) teams.
 Business Process Management (BPM):
In the 1990s, BPM systems emerged, using various methods to optimize end-
to-end business processes. IBM and Oracle introduced automation
technologies, laying the groundwork for RPA.
 Phase 2: 1990-2000
 Screen Scraping: Screen scraping software bridged incompatible systems,
extracting data from the presentation layer. However, its limitations led to the
development of more adaptable technologies.
 Workflow Automation: Workflow automation tools improved business
processes by replacing paper-based work with electronic processing, increasing
speed and efficiency.
 Phase 3: 2000s-Present
 RPA Emergence: RPA started as a combination of screen scraping, workflow
automation, and artificial intelligence (Al).
The first RPA product was released by Blue Prism in 2003, followed by Uipath
and Automation Anywhere.
 Advancements: RPA has become more sophisticated, integrating Al and
cognitive abilities. It has replaced humans in desk jobs, offering cost savings
and increased productivity.
 RPA has evolved significantly since its inception, becoming a game-changing
technology with a potential economic impact of nearly $6.7 trillion by 2025.
 Application of Robotic process automation

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Robotic process automation is a form of business process automation that is based
on software robots or artificial intelligence agents. It’s application areas are:

1. Finance and Accounting:

- Automating invoice processing, accounts payable/receivable, and financial
reporting.
- Improving accuracy, reducing processing time, and ensuring compliance.
2. Customer Service:
- Automating customer query handling, order processing, and complaint
resolution.
- Enhancing response time, improving customer satisfaction, and reducing
manual errors.
3. Human Resources:
- Automating employee onboarding, payroll processing, and leave management.
- Streamlining HR processes, reducing administrative burden, and ensuring data
accuracy.
4. Supply Chain Management:
- Automating order fulfillment, inventory management, and shipment tracking.
- Increasing operational efficiency, reducing lead times, and enhancing customer
service.
5. Healthcare Industry:
- Automated patient appointment scheduling, reducing manual effort by 70%.
- Enhanced patient satisfaction and optimized resource allocation.

 Summary

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 Overall, RPA has become an increasingly popular tool for organizations looking
to digitize and optimize their business processes in a cost-effective and agile
manner. Its adoption continues to grow as companies seek to boost
productivity and competitiveness.

References
1. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338302068_Robot_Process_Automa
tion_RPA_and_Its_Future
2. Mediratta-Big_Data_Terms,_Definitions_and_Application
3. https://atria.edu/assets/pdf/ise/Notes/RPA_Notes.pdf
4. https://www.oracle.com/a/ocom/docs/what-is-big-data-ebook-4421383.pdf
5. Signals_Robotic-process-automation by Peter Lowes, Frank R.S. Cannata,
Subodh Chitre, and Jason Barkham
6. https://www.lpude.in/SLMs/Master%20of%20Computer%20Applications/Sem_
2/DECAP456_INTRODUCTION_TO_BIG_DATA.pdf