Review Innovations CE Review for April 2024 – Timber Design

Situation 1: A beam 100 mm wide is to be loaded with 3 kN 3. Find the maximum safe compressive load P.
concentrated loads spaced uniformly at 0.40 m on centers
throughout the 5 m span. The following data are given:
P 75mm´150mm top chord
Allowable bending stress = 24.0 MPa
Allowable shear stress = 1.24 MPa
Allowable deflection = 1/240 of span
Modulus of elasticity = 18,600 MPa
30° B
Weight of wood = 8 kN/m3
A
1. Find the depth “d” considering bending stress.
2. Determine the depth “d” considering shear stress. C
3. Calculate the depth “d” considering deflection.
75mm ´ 250mm bottom chord
Situation 2: A guy cable is thrown over an Ipil post 150 mm in
diameter. The allowable shear stress is 1.04 MPa parallel to the grain Compression Perpendicular to Grain
and 1.56 MPa perpendicular to the grain. Find the tension in the For bearings of less than 150 mm in length and not nearer than
horizontal cable as determined by shearing stress: 75 mm to the end of a member, the maximum allowable load
1. if the cable is next to the ground. per square mm may be obtained by multiplying the allowable
2. if the cable is 0.90m above the ground. unit stresses in compression perpendicular to the grain by the
following factor:
Situation 3: A 75 mm x 150 mm beam carries a central load P over
a 1.2 m span. Square notches 25 mm deep are provided at the l b + 9.5
bottom of the beam at the supports. Calculate the load P based on lb
shear alone.
Allowable shear parallel to grain = 1.40 MPa in which lb is the length of bearing in mm measured along the
Allowable shear normal to grain = 1.85 MPa grain of the wood.

NSCP 616.4 Horizontal Shear in Notched Beams Compression at Angle to Grain

When rectangular-shaped girders, beams or joists are notched The allowable unit stress in compression at an angle of load to
at points of support on the tension side, they shall meet the grain between 0° and 90° shall be computed from the
design requirements of that section in bending and in shear. Hankinson Formula as follows:
The horizontal shear stress at such point shall be calculated by Fc Fc ^
Eq. 616-3: Fn =
Fc sin q + Fc ^ cos 2 q
2
2
3V æ d ö
fv = ç ÷ (616-3) in which Fn is the allowable unit stress acting perpendicular to
2bd' è d' ø
the inclined surface, Fc is the allowable unit stress in
where: d = total depth of beam compression parallel to grain, Fc^is the allowable unit stress in
d’ = actual depth of beam at notch compression perpendicular to grain and q is the angle between
the direction of load and the direction of grain.
Situation 4: A 75 mm x 250 mm rafter is supported by a stud wall
as shown. The allowable compression parallel to the grain is 12.0 PROBLEMS FOR PRACTICE:
MPa and the allowable compression normal to grain is 5.60 MPa.
Situation 1: A 100 mm x 300 mm rectangular beam carries a
45 kN uniformly distributed load of “W” kN/m over its entire span. The
beam is simply supported at its ends. If the maximum allowable
2
bending stress is 8.27 MPa and simultaneously the maximum
1
allowable shearing stress is 0.70 MPa,
1. Determine the maximum vertical shear that the beam could
75 ´ 250mm
carry.
rafter 2. Determine the span of the beam based on the allowable bending
stress and shearing stress.
Double top plates 3. Determine the maximum value of “W” that the beam could
carry.
on stud wall 75mm´100mm

studs Situation 2: A floor is supported by 75 mm x 200 mm wooden joists

spaced at 400 mm on centers with an effective span of 3 m. The total
1. Calculate the actual bearing stress between the rafter and the top floor load transmitted to the joists is 5 kPa. Use weight of wood =
plate of the wall. 6.3 kN/m3 and Ew = 12,000 MPa.
1. Determine the value of the maximum bending stress in the
2. Find the allowable bearing stress in the rafter.
beam.
2. Determine the value of the maximum shearing stress in the
Situation 5: The end joint of a wooden truss is shown. The 75.mm
x 150 mm top chord makes an angle of 30° with the 75 mm x 250 beam.
mm bottom chord. The dap BC = 85 mm. Use allowable 3. Determine the maximum deflection in the beam.
compression parallel to the grain of 11.0 MPa and allowable
compression normal to grain of 4.80 MPa. Situation 3: A wooden log is be used as a foot bridge to span a 2 m
gap. The log is to support a concentrated load of 27 kN. Given the
1. Calculate the angle the normal force at BC makes with the following data:
horizontal. Allowable shear stress = 1.2 MPa
Allowable bending stress = 5.0 MPa
2. Determine the allowable bearing stress in surface BC.
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 Review Innovations CE Review for April 2024 – Timber Design

1. Determine the diameter of the log needed for maximum shear.

2. Determine the diameter of the log so that the allowable bending
stress will not be exceeded.
3. A 150 mm wide rectangular log is to be used instead of the
circular log. Determine the minimum depth of the log so as not
to exceed the allowable bending stress?

Situation 4: The rectangular piece of wood, 50 mm by 100 mm, is

used as a compression block. The grain of the wood makes a 20º
angle with the horizontal, as shown in the figure. Determine the
largest axial force P that can be applied safely if the allowable
stresses on the plane of the grain are 18 MPa for compression and 4
MPa for shear. (62.2 kN)

Situation 5: The truss shown in is made from timber Guijo 100 mm

× 150 mm. The load on the truss is 20 kN.

Allowable stresses for Guijo:

Compression parallel to grain = 11 MPa
Compression perpendicular to grain = 5 MPa
Shear parallel to grain = 1 MPa

1. Determine the minimum value of x in mm.

2. Determine the minimum value of y in mm.
3. Calculate the axial stress of member AC in MPa.

ANSWER KEY:

1. 14 kN, 3.54 mm, 7.91 kN/m

2. 4.71 MPa, 0.31 MPa, 3.68 mm
3. 195.44 mm, 301.85 mm, 328.63 mm
4. 62.2 kN
5. 160 mm, 19.45 mm, 1.26 MPa

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( (02) 8735-9161 0919-227-9194 ( (082) 221-1121 0930-256-0998