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20 views

Document

Uploaded by

krishnenducharit14
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© © All Rights Reserved
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1.

To prepare a temporary mount of a leaf peel to show stomata, follow these steps:

a. Peel off a thin layer of a leaf from a plant.

b. Place the leaf peel on a glass slide and add a drop of water to it.

c. Gently place a coverslip over the leaf peel.

d. Now, observe the slide under a microscope. Stomata should be visible as small pores
on the leaf surface.

2. To experimentally show that carbon dioxide is given out during respiration, you can set up
an experiment using limewater (calcium hydroxide solution). Here's how:

a. Take a small container and add some limewater to it.

b. Place a living organism such as a germinating seed or a small animal in a sealed


container with the open end facing downwards into the container with limewater.

c. Over time, if carbon dioxide is being produced through respiration, the limewater will
turn milky due to the formation of calcium carbonate, which is insoluble.

d. This change in limewater can indicate the presence of carbon dioxide, a byproduct of
respiration.

3. To identify the different parts of an embryo of a dicot seed (such as Pea, Gram, or Red
kidney bean), you can follow these steps:

a. Soak the dicot seed in water for some time to soften the seed coat.

b. Carefully dissect the seed to expose the embryo.

c. Identify the different parts of the embryo, including the cotyledons (seed leaves),
plumule (embryonic shoot), and radicle (embryonic root).

d. Make drawings or take photographs to document the different parts of the embryo and
their relative positions.

If you need more detailed instructions or have any other questions, feel free to ask!

1. Determination of the focal length of –


i) Concave mirror ii) Convex lens by obtaining the image of a distant object.

2. Studying the dependence of potential difference (V) across a resistor on the current (I)
passing through it and

determine its resistance. Also plotting a graph between V and I.Sure, I can help you with
those experiments.

1. **Determination of the Focal Length:**

- **Concave Mirror:**

- Place the concave mirror on a stand facing a distant object outdoors like a building or a
tree.

- Adjust the position of the mirror until a clear inverted image of the distant object is
formed on a screen placed in front of the mirror.

- Measure the distance between the mirror and the screen (this is the focal length).

- **Convex Lens:**

- Place the convex lens on a stand facing a distant object outdoors as well.

- Adjust the position of the lens and a screen until a sharp real image of the distant
object is obtained on the screen.

- Measure the distance between the lens and the screen (this is the focal length).

2. **Study of Resistance:**

- **Set up a simple circuit** with a power source, a resistor, an ammeter, and a voltmeter.

- **Gradually increase the current** passing through the resistor by adjusting the power
source.

- **Record the potential difference (V) across the resistor** as you vary the current (I).

- Use the readings to **plot a graph of V vs I**. The slope of this graph will give you the
resistance of the resistor according to Ohm's Law (R = V/I).
If you have any specific questions about the setup or the procedure for these experiments,
feel free to ask!

1. pH of the following samples using pH paper/universal indicator:

(i) Dilute Hydrochloric Acid: pH < 7 (acidic)

(ii) Dilute NaOH solution: pH > 7 (basic)

(iii) Dilute Ethanoic Acid solution: pH < 7 (acidic)

(iv) Lemon juice: pH < 7 (acidic)

(v) Water: pH = 7 (neutral)

(vi) Dilute Hydrogen Carbonate: pH > 7 (basic)

2. Performing and observing the reactions:

A. Combination reaction: Two or more substances combine to form a new compound.

B. Decomposition reaction: A compound breaks down into two or more simpler


substances.

C. Displacement reaction: An element displaces another in a compound.

D. Double displacement reaction: Exchange of ions between two compounds to form two
new compounds.

(i) Action of heat on ferrous sulphate crystals: Decomposition reaction

(ii) Iron nails kept in copper sulphate solution: Displacement reaction

(iii) Reaction between sodium sulphate and barium chloride solutions: Double
displacement reaction1. A. Finding the pH of the following samples by using pH
paper/universal indicator:

(i) Dilute Hydrochloric Acid (ii) Dilute NaOH solution (iii) Dilute Ethanoic Acid solution

(iv) Lemon juice (v) Water (vi) Dilute Hydrogen Carbonate

2. Performing and observing the following reactions and classifying them into:

A. Combination reaction
B. Decomposition reaction

C. Displacement reaction

D. Double displacement reaction

(i) Action of heat on ferrous sulphate crystals

(ii) Iron nails kept in copper sulphate solution

(iii) Reaction between sodium sulphate and barium chloride solutions

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