TRIGONOMETRY

1. The function f is defined, for 0° ≤ x ≤ 360°, by f(x) # 4 0 cos 2x.

(i) State the amplitude and period of f.
(ii) Sketch the graph of f, stating the coordinates of the maximum points.

2.
(a) Find all the angles between 0° and 360° which satisfy the equation

(b) Find all the angles between 0 and 3 radians which satisfy the equation
3(sin x − cos x) = 2(sin x + cos x).
1 ! 3 cos
2 y # 4 sin y.

3. (a) Solve, for 0° ` x ` 360°, the equation 4 tan
2 x ! 8 sec x # 1.

(b) Given that y ` 4, find the largest value of y such that 5 tan(2y ! 1) # 16.

1 1


4 Show that cos θ − can be written in the form k tan θ and find the value of k.
1 − sin θ 1 + sin θ

5. The function f is defined, for 0° ≤ x ≤ 360°, by f(x) = a sin (bx) + c,

where a, b and c are positive integers. Given that the amplitude of f is 2 and the period of f is 120°,

(i) state the value of a and of b.

Given further that the minimum value of f is 01,

(ii) state the value of c,

(iii) sketch the graph of f.

6. Given that x is measured in radians and x p 10, find the smallest value of x such that
x+1
10 cos


2
  =  3.

7. Prove the identity (1 ! sec θ)(cosec θ 0 cot θ) ] tan θ.

8. The function f is defined, for 0 ` x ` π, by f
(x) # 5 ! 3 cos 4x. Find

(i) the amplitude and the period of f,

(ii) the coordinates of the maximum and minimum points of the curve y # f
(x).

9 (a) Solve, for 0° ≤ x ≤ 360°, the equation sin
2 x # 3 cos
2 x ! 4 sin x.

(b) Solve, for 0 ` y ` 4, the equation cot 2y # 0.25, giving your answers in radians correct
to 2 decimal places.
10. Given that x = 3sinθ – 2cosθ and y = 3cosθ + 2sinθ,

(i) find the value of the acute angle θ for which x = y,

(ii) show that x2 + y2 is constant for all values of θ.

1 sinθ
11. Given that θ is acute and that sinθ = , express, without using a calculator, –––––––––
3 cos θ – sinθ in the

form a + b , where a and b are integers.

12. The function f is defined, for 0°
x
180°, by

f(x) = A + 5 cos Bx,

where A and B are constants.

(i) Given that the maximum value of f is 3, state the value of A.

(ii) State the amplitude of f.

(iii) Given that the period of f is 120°, state the value of B.

(iv) Sketch the graph of f.

13. (a) Solve, for 0°< x < 360°,

4 tan 2x + 15 secx = 0.
(b) Given that y > 3, find the smallest value of y such that

tan (3y – 2) = – 5.

14. (a) Find all the angles between 0° and 360° which satisfy the equation

3 cos x = 8 tan x.

(b) Given that 4
y
6, find the value of y for which

 
2y
2cos –– +
3
3 = 0.

15. The function f is given by f : x  2 + 5 sin 3x for 0°
x
180°.

(i) State the amplitude and period of f.

(ii) Sketch the graph of y = f(x).

16. The function f is defined, for 0°
x
180°, by

f(x) = 3cos 4x – 1.

(i) Solve the equation f(x) = 0.

(ii) State the amplitude of f.

(iii) State the period of f.

(iv) State the maximum and minimum values of f.

(v) Sketch the graph of y = f(x).

17. (a) Given that a = sec x + cosec x and b = sec x – cosec x, show that a2 + b2 ≡ 2sec2 x cosec2 x.

(b) Find, correct to 2 decimal places, the values of y between 0 and 6 radians which satisfy the
equation

2cot y = 3sin y .

18.
y
1

0 30° 60° 90° 120° x

–1

–2

–3

The diagram shows part of the graph of y = asin(bx) + c. State the value of

(i) a,

(ii) b,

(iii) c.

19 (a) Solve, for 0° ⭐ x ⭐ 360°, the equation

2cot x = 1 + tan x.

(b) Given that y is measured in radians, find the two smallest positive values of y such that

6sin(2y + 1) + 5 = 0.
20. Prove the identity

cos x cot x + sin x ⬅ cosec x .

21. (a) Solve, for 0  x  2, the equation 1 + 5cos 3x = 0, giving your answer in radians correct to
2 decimal places.

(b) Find all the angles between 0º and 360º such that sec y + 5tan y = 3cos y.

22.

3
1
–π –π 0 π π x
2 4 4 2

The diagram shows part of the graph of y = a tan (bx) + c. Find the value of

(i) c, (ii) b, (iii) a.

23. Show that

1 – cosθ 1
––––––– – ––––––– ≡ 2cosec θ cot θ.
1 - cosθ 1 + cosθ

x
( )
24. Solve the equation 3sin –2 – 1 = 1 for 0 < x < 6π radians.

25. Solve the equation

(i) 3 sin x + 5 cos x = 0 for 0° < x < 360°,

(ii) 3 tan2 y – sec y – 1 = 0 for 0° < y < 360°,

(iii) sin(2z – 0.6) = 0.8 for 0 < z < 3 radians.

26. (a) Given that sin x = p, find an expression, in terms of p, for sec2 x.

(b) Prove that sec A cosec A – cot A ≡ tan A .

sin A 1 + cosθ
27. Prove that ––––––– + ≡ 2 cosec A
1 + cosθ sin A

28. Solve the equation

(i) tan 2x – 3 cot 2x = 0, for 0° < x < 180°,

(ii) cosec y = 1 – 2cot2 y, for 0° ⭐ y ⭐ 360°,

(iii) sec(z + π ) = –2, for 0 < z < π radians.

2

29. The function f is defined, for 0 ⭐ x ⭐ 2π, by

f(x) = 3 + 5 sin 2x.

State

(i) the amplitude of f,

(ii) the period of f,

(iii) the maximum and minimum values of f. Sketch the graph of y = f(x).

30. (a) Find all the angles between 0º and 360º which satisfy

(i) 2sin x – 3cos x = 0,

(ii) 2sin2 y – 3cos y = 0.

(b) Given that 0 艋 z 艋 3 radians, find, correct to 2 decimal places, all the values of z for which

sin(2z + 1) = 0.9.

31 (a) Show that tan + cot = cosec sec.

(b) Solve the equation

(i) tan x = 3 sin x for 0 °  x  360 °,

(ii) 2cot2 y + 3 cosec y = 0 for 0  y  2π radians.

 32 (i) Using graph paper, draw the curve y = sin 2x for 0°  x  360 °.

In order to solve the equation 1 + sin 2x = 2cos x another curve must be added to your diagram.

(ii) Write down the equation of this curve and add this curve to your diagram.

(iii) State the number of values of x which satisfy the equation 1 + sin 2x = 2cos x for 0 °  x  360 °.

33. (a) (i) On the same diagram, sketch the curves y = cos x and y = 1 + cos 2x for 0 ⭐ x ⭐ 2π.

(ii) Hence state the number of solutions of the equation

cos 2x – cos x + 1 = 0 where 0 ⭐ x ⭐ 2π.

(b) The function f is given by f(x) = 5sin 3x. Find

(i) the amplitude of f,

(ii) the period of f.

34. (a) Solve, for 0 < x < 3 radians, the equation 4 sin x – 3 = 0, giving your answers correct to 2 decimal
places.

(b) Solve, for 0° < y < 360°, the equation 4 cosec y = 6 sin y + cot y.

35. (i) Sketch, on the same set of axes, the graphs of y = cos x and y = sin 2x for 0°  x  180°.

(ii) Hence write down the number of solutions of the equation sin 2x – cos x = 0 for 0°  x  180°.

cos x cos x
36. Show that +
1 – sin x 1 + sin x = 2 sec x.
37. Solve the equation

(i) 5 sin x – 3 cos x = 0, for 0° 艋 x 艋 360°,

(ii) 2 cos2 y – sin y – 1 = 0, for 0° 艋 y 艋 360°,

(iii) 3 sec z = 10 , 0 ⭐ z ⭐ 6 radians.

38. Show that

1
= sin θ cos θ.
tan θ + cot θ

39. (i) Solve 2 sec2 x = 5 tan x + 5, for 0° < x < 360°.

(ii) Solve
冢
2 3 冣
2 sin y + π = 1, for 0 < y < 4π radians.
40 (a)
y
5

4
3

O π π x
2

The figure shows the graph of y = k + m sin px for 0 ⭐ x ⭐ π, where k, m and p are positive
constants. Complete the following statements.

k = . ...................................................................................... m=.
.............................................................................................. p=.
.....................................................................................................................

(b) The function g is such that g(x) = 1 + 5cos3x . Write down

(i) the amplitude of g,

(ii) the period of g in terms of π.

41 Solve

(i) 2cot2 x – 5cosec x – 1 = 0 for 0° < x < 180°,

(ii) 5cos 2y – 4sin 2y = 0 for 0° < y < 180°,

冢
(iii) cos z + π
6 冣 = – 12 for 0 < z < 2π radians.
42 (a) Prove that 1 – 1 = 2 tan x sec x.
1 – sin x 1 + sin x

(b) An acute angle x is such that sin x = p. Given that sin 2x = 2 sin x cos x, find an expression,
in terms of p, for cosec 2x. [3]

43 (a) Solve the equation

(i) 3 sin x – 5 cos x = 0 for 0° < x < 360°, [3]

(ii) 5 sin2 y + 9 cos y – 3 = 0 for 0° < y < 360°. [5]

(b) Solve sin(3 – z) = 0.8 for 0 < z < π radians. [4]

© UCLES 2011 4037/12/M/J/11 [Turn over

44 (i) On the grid below, draw on the same axes, for 0°  x  180°, the graphs of y = sin
x and y = 1 + cos 2x.

(ii) State the number of roots of the equation sin x = 1 + cos 2x for 0°  x  180°.

(iii) Without extending your graphs state the number of roots of the equation sin x = 1 + cos
2x for 0°  x  360°.

sin A
45. Show that cot A + = cosec A .
1 + cos A

sinθ
46 (i) Show that cot θ + = cosecθ
1 + cosθ

sinθ 1
(ii) Explain why the equation cotθ + 1 + cosθ = has no solution.
2

47.

4 ¥  1 ¥  4

15° ș
2
Using sin15° = 4 ( 3 – 1) and without using a calculator, find the value of sinθ in the form

a + b 2, where a and b are integers.

48. (a) (i) Using the axes below, sketch for 0  x  π, the graphs of

y = sin 2x and y = 1 + cos 2x. 3

x
54. (a) The function f is defined, for 0° x 360°, by f(x) = 1 + 3 cos 2x.

(i) Sketch the graph of y = f(x) on the axes below.

y
5

O 90° 180° 270° 360° x

–5

(ii) State the amplitude of f.

(iii) State the period of f.

(b) Given that cos x = p , where 270° < x < 360°, find cosec x in terms of p.

55 Thediagramshowsthegraphof y = a sin (bx) + c for0 G x G 2r ,wherea,bandcarepositive

integers.

4
3
2
1
O x
� 2�
–1
–2
–3

Statethevalueofa,ofbandofc.

a= b= c=

cos A 1 + sin A
56. Show that + can be written in the form p sec A, where p is an integer to be found.
1 + sin A cos A
 57. (a) Solve tan2 x + 5 tan x = 0 for 0° G x G 180° .

(b) Solve 2 cos 2 y - sin y - 1 = 0 for 0° G y G 360° .

r
(c) Solve sec `2z - j = 2 for 0 G z G r radians.
6

58. (a) On the axes below, sketch the curve y = 3 cos 2x - 1 for 0° G x G 180° .

O
45° 90° 135° 180° x

–2

–4

–6 the amplitude of 1 - 4 sin 2x .

(b) (i) State

(ii) State the period of 5 tan 3x + 1.

59. (i) Prove that sec x cosec x - cot x = tan x.

(ii) Use the result from part (i) to solve the equation sec x cosec x = 3 cot x for 0° 艋 x 艋 360°,

tan i + cot i
60. Show that = sec i .
cosec i

1 1
61 (a) Solve 2 cos 3x = sec 3x for 0° G x G 120° .

(b) Solve 3 cosec 2 y + 5 cot y - 5 = 0 for 0° G y G 360

J r N
(c) Solve 2 sin Kz + O for 0 G z G 2r radians.
3
L P
 5

62 Show that sec2 i - 1 + cosec 2 i - 1 = sec i cosec i . [5]

© UCLES 2015 4037/12/O/N/15 [Turn over

 1. f(x) = 4 – cos2x 2. ANS: (a) 78.70 ,258.70
(i) amplitude = 61. Period = 180 or
o
5. (i) a = 2 and b = 3
p (b) 0.730, 2.41
(ii) c = 1
(ii)
0 0
3. ANS: (a) 113.6 ,246.4
(iii)

(b) 0.134, 1.71, 3.28 3 cycles (0 to 360)

-1 to 3

o o
Max (90 , 5) and (270 , 5)
4. ANS: k=2 Period 120° +
all correct.

6. ANS: 14.1
7. ANS: Provve the id ntitty
den

8. ANS: (i) Amplitude=3,Period=

(ii) max ( ,
 38. ANS: Show the identity

39. ANS: (i) 71.60, 251.60 ,153.40, 333.40

(ii)z=

2π
3

33. ANS: (a)

34. ANS: (a) 0.85, 2.29 rad

(b) 48.20, 1200 ,2400, 311.80

35. ANS: (i) Graphs

(ii) 3

36. ANS: Show the identity

37. ANS: (i) 310, 2110

(ii)300, 1500, 2700,

(iii) z= 1.27, 5.01 rad

 55. ANS: a= 3, b= 2, c = 1
47. ANS: 6 - 4 √ 2

48. ANS: (a)(i)

3 y

2
56. ANS:: Show the identity
1

x
1 2 3

−1 57. ANS: (i) 00, 101.30, 1800

−2

π π (ii) 300,1500,2700
(ii) x = ,
4 2
π (iii) z= π 11π
4 12
(b) (i) Amplitude = 5, Period = or 90°
2
π 58. ANS: (a)
(ii) Period = or 60°
3
4 y

0 0
49. ANS: (i)114 , 294 3

(ii)14.50, 165.50, 195.50,340.50 2 2

(iii) z= 2.78, 16.07 rad x

1 2 3

−1

50. ANS: Show the identity −2

−3

0 0 -4
51. ANS: (a)90 , 270 −4

(b) y= 5π 11π rad b (i) 4

12 12
π
(ii) 600 or or 1.05 rad
52. ANS:: Show the identity 3

59. ANS: (i) Prove the identity

0 0
53. ANS: (a)164.1 , 344.
(ii) 54.70 ,125.3, 234.70, 305.30
(b) y= 0.898,1.67,4.04 rad
60. ANS:: Show the identity
54. ANS(a)(i) y

61. ANS: (a) (i) 150, 450 ,750 ,1050

(ii) 71.60, 153.40, 251.60,333.40

π 11π
90 180 270 360x (iii) z= 2 6 rad

(ii) 3 62. ANS: Show the identity

(iii) 180
−1
(b) cosec x = o.e.
1 − p2