UNIT 18 : EDUCATION AND LEARNING

TOPIC VOCABULARY IN CONTRAST

WORDS ENGLISH MEANING VIETNAMESE
MEANING
1.take - to reach out for and grasp, hold, lift, pull etc (v) lấy, dẫn đi
/teik/
2.pass - to move towards and then beyond (something, (v) vượt qua
/paːs/ by going past, through, by, over etc)

3. study - to give time and attention to gaining (n,v) sự học tập, sự nghiên
/'stʌdi/ knowledge of a subject cứu; học tập, nghiên cứu
4. test - a set of questions or exercises intended to find (n) bài kiểm tra
/test/ out a person’s ability, knowledge etc; a short
examination
5. exam - a test of a student's knowledge or skill in a (n) kì thi
/ɪɡˈzæm/ particular subject
primary school - a school for children between five and eleven (n) trường tiểu học
/ˈpraɪ.mɚi ˌskuːl/ years old
7. secondary school - a school for children between the ages of 11 (n) trường THCS
/ˈsek.ən.der.i ˌskuːl/ and 15
8. high school - used in the names of schools for children aged (n) trường THPT
/ˈhaɪ ˌskuːl/ from eleven to 18
9. colleague - one of a group of people who work together (n) đồng nghiệp
/ˈkɑː.liːɡ/
10. classmate - someone who is in the same class as you at (n) bạn học
/ˈklæsˌmeɪt/ school
11. prefect /ˈpriːfekt/ - an older student who is given some authority (n) lớp trưởng
and helps to control the younger students
12. pupil - a person, especially a child at school, who is (n) học sinh
/ˈpjuː.pəl/ being taught
13. student - a person who is learning at a college or (n) sinh viên
/ˈstjuː.dənt/ university
14. qualifications - an official record showing that you have (n) trinh độ chuyên môn
/ˌkwɑː.lə.fəˈkeɪ.ʃən/ finished a training course or have the necessary
skills, etc.
15. quality - how good or bad something is (n) phẩm chất, chất lượng
/ˈkwɑː.lə.t̬ i/
16. count - to say numbers one after the other in order, or (v) đếm
/kaʊnt/ to calculate the number of people or things in a
group
17. measure - to discover the exact size or amount of (v) đo lường
/ˈmeʒ.ər/ something
18. degree - a course of study at a college or university, or (n) bằng (đại học…)
/dɪˈɡriː/ the qualification given to a student after he or
she has completed his or her studies

19. certificate /sə - an official document that states that the (n) chứng chỉ
ˈtɪf.ɪ.kət/ information on it is true

20. result - something that happens or exists because of (n) kết quả
/rɪˈzʌlt/ something else:
21. speak - to say words, to use the voice, or to have a (v) nói (ngôn ngữ…)
/spiːk/ conversation with someone
22. talk - to say words aloud; to speak to someone (v) nói chuyện
/tɑːk/
23. lesson - a period of time in which a person is taught (n) bài học
/ˈles.ən/ about a subject or how to do something

24. subject - an area of knowledge that is studied in school, (n) môn học
/ˈsʌb.dʒekt/ college, or university:
25. achieve - to succeed in finishing something or reaching (v) đạt được
/əˈtʃiːv/ an aim, especially after a lot of work or effort

26. reach - to arrive at a place, especially after spending a (v) đến, đi đến, đạt đến
/riːtʃ/ long time or a lot of effort travelling

27.task /tæsk/ - a piece of work to be done, especially one (n) nhiệm vụ

done regularly, unwillingly, or with difficulty

28. effort - physical or mental activity needed to achieve (v) nỗ lực

/ˈef.ət/ something
29. know - to have information in your mind (v) hiểu, biết
/noʊ/
30. recognise - to know someone or something because you (v) nhận biết
/ˈrek.əɡ.naɪz/ have seen or heard him or her or experienced it
before
31. teach - to give someone knowledge or to train (v) dạy
/tiːtʃ/ someone; to instruct
32. learn - to get knowledge or skill in a new subject or (v) học, nghiên cứu
/lɜːn/ activity
PHRASAL VERBS
WORDS ENGLISH MEANING EXAMPLE VIETNAMESE
MEANING
1. catch on understand He doesn't take hints very hiểu
easily, but he'll catch on (to
what you're saying)
eventually. XX
2. come be persuaded to change People are starting to come thay đổi ý định
(a)round (to) your mind (about) around to the idea. về (bị thuyết
phục)
3. cross out draw a line through sth He crossed out all her gạch bỏ, gạch
written mistakes giữa
4. dawn on if something dawns on It suddenly dawned on me hiểu ra, ngộ ra
you, you realise it for the what he had meant.
first time
5. deal with handle, cope with She deals with all the giải quyết
customer inquiries.
6. drop out leave school, etc before She’s dropped out of bỏ học
(of) you have finished a college.
course
7. get at try to express What are you getting at? ngụ ý

8. get on with continue doing I suppose I could get on tiếp tục làm gì
with the ironing while I'm
waiting.
9. give in stop making an effort to Don't give up and don't bỏ cuộc, ngừng
achieve sth difficult give in. nỗ lực

10. sail do something or deal with Thanks for his help, we vượt qua cái gì
through something very easily could sail through thatmột cách dễ
grassy slope. dàng
11. set out explain, describe or When they set out they Giải thích,
arrange sth in a clear and were well prepared. miêu tả, sắp
detailed way xếp 1 cách rõ
ràng, chi tiết.
12. think over consider I suggest you think over suy nghĩ kĩ
your position very
carefully.
PHRASE AND COLLOCATIONS
WORDS ENGLISH MEANING EXAMPLE VIETNAMESE
MEANING
1. pay attention to sb/sth Now is rush hour with a lot Chú ý, tập
of traffic, pay attention to trung vào
driving.
2. attract sb's attention He waved to attract the Thu hút sự chú
Attention attention of the waitress. ý của ai
3. draw sb's attention to She jumped and shouted to Lôi kéo sự chú
sth draw attention to herself. ý của ai

4. have/take a break We've been working for two Ngưng, nghỉ

from sth hours; let's take a break. cái gì

5. tea break, lunch break Staff are entitled to a 30- Nghỉ trưa, nghỉ
minute lunch break if they uống trà
Break work more than six hours.
6. commercial break The first episode featured Quảng cáo
only three commercial
breaks
7. give sb a break Give her a break – she was Cho ai nghỉ
only five minutes late. ngơi

8. have a discussion with And anyway, he has been Có cuộc thảo
Discussion sb about/on sth having a discussion with you luận với ai về
for ten minutes. điều gì

9. take/do/have/pass/fail I am concerned that his Làm/ vượt qua/

Exam an exam ability to pass the exam was trượt kì thi
compromised by the senior
school's visit.
10. sit (for) an exam I have to sit an exam in Tham gia 1 kì
biology at the end of term. thi
11. do your homework It was obvious that she had Làm bài tập
done her homework and
Homework thoroughly prepared for her
interview.
12. have homework (to Have you got any homework Làm bài tập về
do) tonight? nhà
13. have an idea He already had an idea for Có ý tưởng về
his next novel.
14. bright idea Why not ask Sylvia? She's Ý tưởng hay,
always full of bright ideas. sáng kiến hay
15. have no idea You have no idea how Không hiểu,
embarrassed I was. không biết
Learn 16. have a lot to learn I still have a lot to learn Vẫn phải học,
about sth/doing about the English language. cần học thêm
17. learn (how) to do I learned to swim Học làm cái gì

18. go to/have a lesson At five I'm having a lesson? Có tiết học

Lesson 19. double lesson We have a double lesson Tiết học đôi,
after lunch bài học kép
20. learn a/your lesson My computer crashed before Học được một
I saved the document – I've bài học
learned my lesson, and now I
save everything all the time.
 21. teach sb a lesson I sat in the sun all day at the Dạy cho ai đó
beach and got a terrible một bài học
sunburn – it really taught me
a lesson.
22. make up your mind I haven't made up my mind Quyết định
(about sth/doing) where to go yet.
Mind 23. bear (sth) in mind Bearing in mind that it’s Nhớ cái gì để
Christmas, how much do you cân nhắc
think the flight will cost?
24. in two minds about I was in two minds whether Do dự về cái gì
sth/doing or not to come this morning.
X
25. change your mind At first I thought she was Thay đổi ý
mind (about sth/doing) unfriendly, but I’ve changed định
my mind.X
26. cross your mind What was the first thing that Bất chợt nghĩ
crossed your mind when you ra cái gì
won the prize?
27. to my mind The room has pink walls and Theo quan
a green carpet, which to my điểm của tôi
mind looks all wrong.OO
28. in my opinion In my opinion, I think this Theo ý kiến
Opinion book is more interesting than của tôi
the other one
29. give/express your/an He didn't express/give an Bày tỏ quan
opinion (of/about opinion on the matter điểm về điêu gì
sth/doing)
30. hold/have an opinion People tend to have strong Có quan điểm
(of/about sth/doing) opinions on capital
punishment.
31. pass sth (over) to sb Please pass this letter over to Đưa qua
Pass Jennifer.
32. pass an exam Pilots have to pass an exam Thi đỗ
in meteorology to fly
commercial airliners.
33. see/take sb's point I see your point, but I don’t Hiểu về tầm
(about sth/doing) think there’s anything we quan trọng của
Point can do at the moment. ai về
34. (see) the point in/of They couldn't see the point Thấy được ý
sth/doing of more training. nghĩa, thấy
được trọng
điểm
35. there's no point in There's no point in Vô ích
sth/doing cramming the day before the
test.
36. make a point (of She makes a point of keeping Cố gắng làm
doing) all her shopping receipts.
37. make sense of sth We’ve been trying to make Hiểu điều gì
sense of our dreams.
Sense 38. it makes sense (to do) It makes sense for me to give Có ý nghĩa,
you an example sentence, hiểu
because I speak English.
39. sense of His lively sense of humour Khiếu hài
humour/taste/sight/etc helps to keep the lab very hước/vị giác/thị
cheerful. giác
 Suggestion 40. make/accept a A personal shopper is a Đưa ra/ chấp
suggestion person who helps others nhận lời gợi ý
shop by giving advice and
making suggestions.

WORD PATTERNS
1. Able to do I wasn't able to work out what she was có khả năng làm gì
trying to say.
2. Admire sb (for sth) I've always admired her for her khâm phục ai về việc gì
generous spirit
3. Boast of Jim is boasting of getting the khoe khoang
promotion, but the boss hasn't
officially awarded it yet. Ô
4. Capable of doing You are capable of a lot more than you có khả năng
think you are.
5. Congratulate sb on I'd like to congratulate you on your chúc mừng ai về việc gì
sth marriage
6. Fail to do He failed in his attempt to break the thất bại
record.
7. Hope to do I hope to go to college this year I hope hy vọng
to see her soon.
8. Learn by sth/ doing She learned the equations by rote. học về
9. Learn to do I've learned to swim học làm gì
10. Settle on sth They were hoping to sell their car for - quyết định
Settle for £2,000, but settled for £1,500 - chấp nhận, đồng ý,
quyết định có cái gì
11. Similar to sth/sb I bought some new shoes which are tương tự
very similar to a pair I had before.
12. Study sth, for sth She's been studying for her doctorate học cái gì, nghiên cứu
for three years already.
13. Succeed in You need to be pretty tough to succeed thành công trong
sth/doing in the property world.
14. Suitable for sth The film is not suitable for children. phù hợp với
15. Suitable to do Each room has books, toys, and games thích hợp để làm việc gì
that are suitable to that particular age
group.
WORD FORMATION
1. academy /ə'kædəmi/ (n) học viện

2. academic /,ækə'demik/ (adj) thuộc về học thuật

3. academically /,əkə'demikli/ (adv) học thuật
4. attend /ə'tend/ (v) tham dự, chú tâm, chú ý
5. attentive /ə'tentiv/ (adj) chăm chú
6. attention /ə'ten∫n/ (n) sự chú ý
7. attendant /ə'tendənt[r]/ (n) người phục vụ(bữa họp)
8. attendance /ə'tendəns (n) sự có mặt, sự tham dự
9. behave /bi'heiv/ (v) ứng xử, cư xử
10. behaviour /bi'heivjə[r]/ (n) cách ứng xử, hành vi
11. certify /'sɜ:tifai/ (v) chứng nhận; cấp chứng
nhận
12. certificate /sə'tifikət/ (n) chứng chỉ; bằng, văn
bằng
13. certified /'sə:tifaid/ (adj) được chứng nhận,
được nhận thực, được
chứng thực
14. educate /'edjʊkeit/ (v) giáo dục, dạy dỗ
15. educator /'edjʊkeitə[r]/ (n) nhà giáo dục
16. education /,edjʊ'kei∫n/ (n) nền giáo dục; hệ thống
giáo dục
17. educational /,edjʊ'kei∫ənl/ (adj) thuộc giáo dục, để giáo
dục
18. fail /feil/ (v) thất bại
19. failure /'feiljə[r]/ (n) sự thất bại
20. failing /'feiliη/ (n) thiếu sót, nhược điểm
21. improve /im'pru:v/ (v) cải tiến, cải thiện; trở
nên tốt hơn
22. improvement /im'pru:vmənt/ (n) sự cải tiến; sự được cải
tiến, sự trở nên tốt hơn
23. improved /im'pru:v/ (adj) được hoàn thiện ,
được cải tiến
24. intense /in'tens/ (adj) mạnh, có cường độ lớn
25. intensity /in'tensəti/ (n) cường độ
26. intensify /in'tensifai/ (v) tăng cường; gia tăng
27. intensely /in'tensli/ (adv) một cách mạnh mẽ
28. literate /,litə'ra:it/ (adj) biết đọc biết viết
29. illiterate /i'litərət/ (adj) dốt, không hiểu biết gì
30. literacy /'litərəsi/ (n) sự biết viết biết đọc
31. literature /'litrət∫ə[r]/ (n) văn chương, văn học;
nền văn học
32. reason /'ri:zn/ (n) lý do
33. reasonable /'ri:znəbl/ (adj) có lý, hợp lí
34. reasonably /'ri:znəbli/ (adv) một cách có lý
35. reasoning /'ri:zniŋ/ (n) sự lập luận; lý lẽ lập
luận
36. revise /ri'vaiz/ (v) xét lại, xem lại, duyệt lại
37. revision /ri'viʒn/ (n) sự xét lại, sự xem lại, ôn
lại
38. scholar /'skələ[r]/ (n) học giả
39.scholarship /'skələ∫ip/ (n) học bổng
40. scholarly /'skələli/ (adj) uyên bác, cẩn trọng
41. scholastic /skə'læstik/ (adj) thuộc học đường,
thuộc học tập
42. solve /'sɒlv/ (v) giải, tìm ra đáp án (cho
một vấn đề…)
43. solution /sə'lu:∫n/ (n) giải pháp
44. solvable /'sɒlvəbl/ (adj) có thể giải quyết được
45. study /'stʌdi/ (n) sự học hỏi; sự nghiên
cứu
46. student /'stju:dənt/ (n) sinh viên
47. studious /'stju:diəs/ (adj) chăm chỉ
48. teach /ti:t∫/ (v) dạy
49. teacher /'ti:t∫ə[r]/ (n) giáo viên
50. think /'θiŋk/ (v) nghĩ, suy nghĩ
51. thinkable /'θiŋkəbl/ (adj) có thể tưởng tượng
được
52. thoughtful /θɔ:tfl/ (adj) có suy nghĩ, chín chắn
53. understand /,ʌndə'stænd (v) hiểu
54. misunderstanding /,misʌndə'stændiŋ/ (n) sự hiểu lầm
55. misunderstood /'misʌndə'stænd/ (v) hiểu lầm, hiểu sai
56. understandable /,ʌndə'stændəbl/ (adj) có thể hiểu được
57.understandably /,ʌndə'stændəbli/ (adv) một cách có thể hiểu
được