201

Ch. 14 Probability Distribution

Level I
01. If the function P (X = x) = kx, ….. x = 1, 2, 3, 4, then : k = _____
5 is a probability mass function (p.m.f), then : k 1
(a)
= _____ 7

1 1
(a) (b)
14 8

1 1
(b) (c)
15 9

1 1
(c) (d)
16 10
(d) None of these 05. If the p.d.f. of a c.r.v. X is
02. If k > 0 and the function f (x) = kx2 (1 – x3), …… 0 ≤ x ≤ 1


P (X = x) = k 4 , …… x = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4.
x
= 0,
then: k = ____
……. elsewhere,

= 0, ……..otherwise (a) 6
is a p.m.f., then : k = ____ (b) 5
1 (c) 4
(a)
4 (d) 3
1 06. If the probability distribution of a d.r.v. X is
(b)
16
xi 3 1 0 1 3
1
(c) P (X = xi) 2k k 3k 5k k
64
then : P (X < 0) and P (X > 1) are
(d) None of these
03. If the p.m.f. of a d.r.v. X is defined by 1 3
(a) ,
4 4
P (X = 0) = 3k2, P (X = 1) = 4k  10k2,
2 1
P (X = 2) = 5k  1, P (X = x) = 0 for any other (b) ,
3 3
value x, then: k = ____.
1 5
(c) ,
(a) 1 6 6
1
(b) (d) None of these
2
07. If the p.m.f. of a d.r.v. X is
1
(c)
3 P (X = x) = kx, …x = 0, 1, 2, 3
1 = 0, …. elsewhere
(d)
4 then: P (X ≤ 2) = ___
04. If a d.r.v. X has the following probability
1
distribution: (a)
2
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1
P (X = x) k 2k 2k 3k k2 2k2 7k2+k (b)
3
 202

1 11. Probability distribution of a d.r.v. X is

(c)
4 x 0 1 2 3 4
1 P (X = x) k 2k 4k 2k k
(d)
5
If a = P (X ≥ 2) and b P (X < 3), then
08. A d.r.v. X has probability distribution:
(a) a<b
xi 1 2 3 4
(b) a>b
P (X = xi) 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.2 (c) a=b
Then P (X is odd) and P (X is even) are (d) None of these
(a) 0.3, 0.4 12. P.m.f of a d.r.v. X is
(b) 0.5, 0.5
x
P (x) = , …. x = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
(c) 0.6, 0.4 15
(d) 0.7, 0.7 =0 …. elsewhere
09. If the p.d.f. of a c.r.v. X is 1 5
If A :  X  and B : X > 1, then : P (A / B)
x 2 2
f (x) = , …. 0 < x < 4
8 = ________.
= 0, ….. otherwise 1
(a)
then P (X < 1) and P (X ≥ 2) are 4
1 3 1
(a) , (b)
16 4 5
1 3 1
(b) , (c)
4 8 6
5 7 1
(c) ,
8 16
(d)
4 1/7
(d) None of these 13. P.d.f. of a c.r.v. X is
10. If a c.r.v. X has bas probability density function f (x) = 6x (1  x), …. 0  x  1
(p.d.f.) =0 …. elsewhere
f (x) = ax, …. 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 If P (X < a) = P (X > a), then : a = ___
= a, …. 1 ≤ x ≤ 2 (a) 1
= 3a  ax, …. 2 ≤ x ≤ 3 1
(b)
=0 …. elsewhere 2
then : a = _____ 1
(c)
(a) 1 3

1 1
(b) (d)
3 4
14. A c.r.v. X has the p.d.f.
1
(c)
2 f (x) = 3x2, …0x1
1 =0 …. elsewhere
(d)
5
 203

If P (X  a) = P (X > a), then: a = ____ then: V (X) =

1 (a) 1.6111
(a) 3
2 (b) 0.49
(b) 1 (c) 0.59
1 (d) 0.69
(c) 3
3 18. A fair coin is tossed 3 times. If a person receives
1 ` x2 when he gets X heads in all, then his
(d) 3
4 expected gain in rupees is
15. The amount of bread X (in hundreds of pounds) (a) 1
that a bakery sells in a day has a p.d.f. : (b) 2
f (x) = kx, …. 0  x < 5 (c) 3
= k (10  x), ….. 5  x < 10 (d) 4

= 0, …..otherwise 19. If the p.d.f. of a c.r.v. X is

Then the probability that the amount of bread x2
f ( x)  , …. 3 < x < 3
that will be sold tomorrow will be less than 500 18

pounds is _____ = 0, …… elsewhere,

1 then P (| X | < 1) = _____

(a)
4 1
(a)
1 27
(b)
3 1
(b)
1 28
(c)
2 1
(c)
(d) None of these 29

16. If the p.m.f of a d.r.v. X is (d) None of these

1
P (X ) 
c
, …. x = 1, 2, 3 20. Given : f ( x)  , ….. 1 < x < 
x3 x2

= 0, …..elsewhere = 0, ….. elsewhere,

then : E (X) = ____ is p.d.f. of a c.r.v. X

343 If A : 1 < x < 2 and B : 4 < x < 5, then :

(a)
297 P (A  B) = ______
294 (a) 0.33
(b)
251 (b) 0.44
297 (c) 0.55
(c)
294 (d) 0.66
(d) None of these 21. If the p.d.f. of a c.r.v. X is
17. If a d.r.v. X has the p.m.f f (x) = 3 (1  2x2), …. 0 < x < 1
p (x) = kx , 2
…. x = 1, 2, 3, 4
= 0, ….. elsewhere,
= 0, …. elsewise,
 204

1 1 25. The p.d.f. of a c.r.v. X is

then : P   X   = _______.
4 3 f (x) = a · eax, ….. x  0, a > 0
216 = 0, …. Otherwise
(a)
864 If P (0 < X < k) = 0.5, then : k = _____
179
(b) 1
864 (a)  log a
2
179
(c) 1
216 (b)  log 2
a
(d) None of these
1
(c)  log 2
22. If the p.d.f. of a c.r.v. X is 2
f (x) = 3 (1  2x2), …. 0 < x < 1 1
(d)  log a
a
= 0, ….. elsewhere, 26. If the probability distribution of a d.r.v. X is
then c.d.f. of X is F (x) = ____ x 2 1 0 1 2 3
(a) 2x  3x 2
P (X = x) 0.1 k 0.2 2k 0.3 k
(b) 3x  4x3 then : P (X = 1) =

(c) 3x  2x3 (a)

1
10
(d) None of these
2
23. If the p.d.f. of a c.r.v. X is (b)
10
3  2x 3
f ( x)  , …..2  x  4 (c)
18 10
= 0, ….. otherwise, 7
(d)
10
then the Mathematical Expectation of X is
27. If a d.r.v X takes values 0, 1, 2, 3,…. with
83
(a) probability P (X = x) = k (x + 1) · 5x, where k is
27
179 constant, then: P (X = 0) = _____
(b)
864 7
(a)
179 25
(c)
216 16
(b)
(d) None of these 25
24. If the p.d.f. of a c.r.v. X is 18
(c)
25
f ( x)  k  e x ,  0 , ….. 0  x < 
19
(d)
= 0, ….. otherwise, 25
Then: k = _____ 28. If a d.r.v X has the probability distribution
(a) 1 x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

 P a 3a 5a 7a 9a 11a 13a 15a 17a

(b) (X = x)
2
(c)  then: P (X = 0) = ___

(d) 2 7
(a)
81
 205

5
(b)
81
2
(c)
81
1
(d)
81
29. A r.v. X has the probability distribution:
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
P (X) 0.15 0.23 0.12 0.10 0.20 0.08 0.07 0.05
For the events E = {X is a prime number}
and F = {X < 4},
probability P (E  F) is
(a) 0.87
(b) 0.77
(c) 0.35
(d) 0.50
30. A d.r.v X takes values 0, 1, 2, 3 and its mean is
1.3. If P (X = 3) = 2 · P (X = 1) and P (X = 2) =
0.3,
then: P (X = 0) = ____
(a) 0.1
(b) 0.2
(c) 0.3
(d) 0.4
 206

Level II
01. A random variable X has the following = 0, …. Otherwise
probability distribution: Then, P (X  2) =
x 2 1 0 1 2 3 3
(a)
P (X) 0.1 K 0.2 2k 0.3 k 32
Then the value of k is
7
(a) 0.3 (b)
32
(b) 0.1 11
(c)
(c) 0.05 32
(d) 0.01 16
(d)
02. A random variable X has the following 32
probability distribution: 05. The probability distribution of a random
X=x 1 2 3 4 variable X is

P (X = x)
1 1 1
k
x 1.5 0.5 0.5 1.5 2.5
8 2 4 P (X) 0.05 0.2 0.15 0.25 0.35
Then the value of k is Then the c.d.f. of X is

(a)
1 (a) x 1.5 0.5 0.5 1.5 2.5
4 F (X) 0.05 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6
1
(b) (b) x 1.5 0.5 0.5 1.5 2.5
8
3 F (X) 0.05 0.2 0.25 0.35 0.95
(c)
8
(c) x 1.5 0.5 0.5 1.5 2.5
1
(d) F (X) 0.05 0.4 0.45 0.55 0.75
2
03. The following table represents a probability (d) x 1.5 0.5 0.5 1.5 2.5
distribution for a random variable X: F (X) 0.05 0.25 0.4 0.65 1
X=x 0 1 2 3 4 06. A random variable X has the following
P (X = x) K 2k 3k 2k k probability distribution :
Then the value of k is
X =x 0 1 2 3
1 P (X = x) 1 3 3 1
(a)
2 8 8 8 8
1 1
(b) (a)
6 2
1 (b) 1
(c)
3 3
1 (c)
(d) 2
9 (d) 3
04. The p.m.f. of a r.v. X is given by
5Cx
P (X = x) = , ….x = 0, 1, 2, …., 5
25
 207

07. A random variable X has the following 29

(d)
probability distribution: 20
X=x 0 1 3 5 11. The p.d.f. of a random variable X is
P (X = x) 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.1 1
f (x) = , …. 0  x  5
Then, the variance of X is 5
(a) 2.14 = 0, otherwise
(b) 2.54 Then the value of P(1 < X < 3) is
(c) 2.34 1
(a)
(d) 2.24 5
08. For a random variable X, if E (X) = 5 and Var 2
2
(b)
(X) = 6, then E (X ) is equal to 5
(a) 19 3
(c)
(b) 31 5

(c) 61 4
(d)
5
(d) 11
12. The p.d.f. of a random variable X is
09. A random variable X takes values 1, 2, 3, 4 with
f (x) = 2x, 0x1
1 1 1 1
probabilities , , , respectively, then its
6 3 3 6 = 0, otherwise
mean and variance are receptively. 1 1
Then the value of P   X <  is
5 11 3 2
(a) ,
2 12 1
(a)
5 11 36
(b) ,
2 16 5
(b)
5 11 36
(c) ,
3 16 7
(c)
5 11 36
(d) ,
3 12 11
(d)
10. A random variable X has the following 36
probability distribution 13. If the p.d.f. of a random variable X is

X 1 2 3 4 0.5 x, 0  x  2

f ( x)  
P (X)
1 2 3 1 
 0, otherwise
7 7 7 7
Then the value of P(0.5  X  1.5) is
Then, the variance of this distribution is
1
49 (a)
(a) 4
40
1
40 (b)
(b) 2
49
3
20 (c)
(c) 4
29
(d) 1
 208

14. The p.d.f. of a continuous random variable X is 17. A random variable X has the following
x probability distribution:
f ( x)  ,0  x  4
8 X =x 1 2 3 4
= 0, otherwise P (X) k 2k 3k 4k
Then the value of P(X > 3) is The value of (X < 3) is
(a) 0.1
3
(a)
16 (b) 0.2

5 (c) 0.3
(b)
16 (d) 0.4
7   4
(c)
16 k   , x  0,1, 2,3, 4; k  0
18. P( x)    x 
9 
(d)  0, otherwise
16
is p.m.f. of r.v.X. Then k is equal to
15. The p.d.f. of a continuous random variable X is
1
x2 (a)
f ( x)  , 1  x  2 2
3
1
= 0, otherwise (b)
4
Then the c.d.f. of X is given by
1
1 (c)
(a) F ( x)  x3  8
9
3 1
x 1 (d)
(b) F ( x)   16
3 9
x3 1 19. The p.m.f of a r.v.X is as follows
(c) F ( x)  
9 9 P (X = 0) = 3k3, P (X = 1) = 4k  10k2,
x3 1 P (X = 2) = 5k  1, P (X = x) = 0 for any other
(d) F ( x)  
9 9
value of x. Then the value of k is
16. Which of the following distribution of
1
probabilities of a random variable X is the (a)
3
probability distribution?
2
(a) x 0 1 2 3 (b)
3
P (X) 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.1
(c) 1

(b) x 0 1 2 (d) 2

P (X) 0.1 0.7 0.4 20. The p.m.f. of a random variable X is

X =x 1 2 3 4 5
(c) x 1 2 3 4 P (X = x) 1 3 1
a b
P (X) 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.3 20 20 20
If b = 2a, then
(d) x 2 3 4 5 1 1
(a) a  ,b
P (X) 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.5 2 3
 209

1 1 1
(b) a  b,  (c)
3 2 4
1 1 1
(c) a  b,  (d)
4 2 5
1 1 24. A random variable X has the following
(d) a  b, 
2 4 probability distribution:
21. Let X be a random variable which assumes X =x 2 1 0 1 2 3
values x1, x2, x3, x4 such that P (X = x) 0.1 k 0.2 2k 0.3 k
2P (X = x1) = 3P (X = x2)= P (X = x3) = 5P (X = Then, the expected value of X is

x4). Then, the probability distribution of X is (a) 0.6

(a) X x1 x2 x3 x4 (b) 0.5

P (X) 15 10 30 6 (c) 0.7

61 61 61 61 (d) 0.8

(b) X x1 x2 x3 x4 25. A random variable X has the following

probability distribution:
P (X) 5 4 2 6
16 16 16 16 X =x 1 2 3 4
P (X = x) 0.2 0.1 0.3 k
(c) X x1 x2 x3 x4
Then, the variance of X =
P (X) 3 4 7 1
(a) 1.29
14 14 14 14
(b) 19.2
(d) X x1 x2 x3 x4
(c) 1.27
P (X) 10 15 5 2
(d) 1.23
31 31 31 31
22. The c.d.f. of a discretc r.v.x is 26. If X is a random variable with probability

x 1 2 3 4 5 6 distribution as given below:

F (X) 0.18 0.43 0.54 0.68 0.89 1.00 X 0 1 2 3
Then P (1 < x < 5) = P (X) k 3k 3k k
(a) 0.25 Then, the variance of X is

(b) 0.50 1
(a)
8
(c) 0.75
(d) 0.36 23
(b)
7
23. The c.d.f. of a discretc r.v. X is
24
X=x 3 1 0 1 3 5 7 9 (c)
27
F (X) 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.65 0.75 0.85 0.90 1
Then P (X  3 | X > 0) = 3
(d)
4
1
(a)
2 27. The p.m.f. of a random variable X is

1 3 x
(b) p ( x)  , x  1,0,1, 2
3 10
= 0, otherwise
 210

The value of E (X) is (d) 8

(a) 0 32. If a c.r.v. X has the probability density function
(b) 1 f (x) = C (9 x2); 0 < x < 3
(c) 2 =0 ; otherwise
(d) 3 Then, the value of C is
28. If three fair coins are tossed, where X = number 1
(a)
of heads obtained, then E (X) is 16
1 1
(a) (b)
2 15
3 2
(b) (c)
2 18
2
(c) 1
3 (d)
18
3
(d) 33. X is a continuous random variable with
4
29. Two dice are thrown simultaneously. If X probability density function
denotes the number of sixes, then the expected x
  k; 0  x  3
value of X is f ( x)   6
 0 ; otherwise
1 
(a)
3 The value of k is equal to
2
(b) 1
3 (a)
12
1
(c) 1
6 (b)
5 3
(d)
6 1
(c)
30. A pair of dice is thrown and X denotes the sum 4
of the numbers on uppermost faces. Then the 1
(d)
expected value of X is 6
(a) 12 34. The p.d.f. of a continuous random variable
(b) 6 K
X is f (x) = ; 0<x<4
(c) 7 x

(d) 8 Then P(X  1) is equal to

31. The p.m.f. of a r.v. X is (a) 0.2
1 (b) 0.3
p( x)  , for x  1, 2......,14,15
15 (c) 0.4
Then, E (x) is equal to (d) 0.5
(a) 2 35. X is a continuous random variable with
(b) 4 probability density function
(c) 6
 211

x2 C2 = {x : 4 < x < 5}, then P(C1  C2) =

f ( x)  , 0  x 1
8 1
(a)
= 0, otherwise 20
Then, the value of P(0.2  X  0.5) is 7
(b)
0.117 20
(a)
24 11
(c)
0.112 20
(b)
24 13
(d)
0.117 20
(c)
36 39. Let X = time (in minutes) that lapses between
0.112 the ringing of the bell at the end of a lecture and
(d)
36 the actual time when the professor ends the
36. If the p.d.f. of a c.r.v X is lecture. Suppose X has p.d.f.
x
f (x) = K.e ;  > 0, 0  x <  
kx , 0  x  2
2

f ( x)  
= 0 ; otherwise 
 0, otherwise
Then, K =
Then, the probability that lecture ends within 1
θ
(a) minute of the bell ringing is
3
1
θ (a)
(b) 2
2
1
(c)  (b)
4
(d) 2
1
37. If p.d.f. of a c.r.v. X is (c)
8
f (x) = aeax ; x  0, a > 0 1
(d)
=0 ; otherwise 16
If P (0 < X < K) = 0.5, then K = 1 40. If a r.v. X has p.d.f.,
1 1
(a) log a f ( x)  , for 1< x < 3, then E (X) and
2 x log3
1 Var (X) are respectively
(b) log 2
a
2 4(log3  1)
(a) ,
(c)
1
log 2 log3 (log3)2
2
1 4(log3  1)
1 (b) ,
(d) log a log3 (log3)
a
1 (log 3  1)
 k (c) ,
,1  x   log 3
2
 4(log 3) 2
38. Let  x 2 be the p.d.f. of a r.v. X. If
0, 4(log 3  1) 2
 otherwise (d) ,
(log 3)  log 32
C1 = {x : 1 < x < 2} and
 212

Level III
01. A random variable X has following probability 2
(b)
distribution 3
X=x 1 2 3 4 5 6 1
(c)
6
P (X = x) K 3K 5K 7K 8K K
Then, P (2 ≤ X < 5) = ________. 3
(d)
4
3
(a) 05. A die is rolled. If X denotes the number of
5
positive divisors of the outcome, then the range
7
(b) of the random variable X is
25
23 (a) {1, 2, 3}
(c)
25 (b) {1, 2, 3, 4}
24 (c) {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
(d)
25 (d) {1, 3, 5}
02. If the c.d.f. (cumulative distribution function) is 06. A boy tosses fair coin 3 times. If he gets ` 2X
x  25 for X heads, then his expected gain equals to `
given by F (x) = , then P (27 ≤ X ≤ 33) =
10 _________.
______. (a) 1
3 3
(a) (b)
5 2
3 (c) 3
(b)
10
(d) 4
1 07. If the probability distribution function of a
(c)
5
random variable X is given as
1
(d) xi 2 1 0 1 2
10
P (X = xi) 0.2 0.3 0.15 0.25 0.1
03. If the standard deviation of the random variable
Then F(0) is equal to
X is 3pq and mean is 3p, then E(x2) = ......
(a) P(X < 0)
(a) 3pq + 3q2
(b) P(X > 0)
(b) 3p(1 + 2p)
(c) 1P(X > 0)
(c) 3pq + 3p2
(d) 1P (X < 0)
(d) 3q (1 + 2q)
08. An unbiased die is thrown. X denotes the
04. A coin is tossed three times. If X denotes the
number on the face of the die. Then E (X) where
absolute difference between the number of
x  1 is:
heads and the number of tails, then P(X = 1) =
3
1 (a)
(a) 2
2
 213

5 (b) 0.2
(b)
2 (c) 0.4
7 (d) 0.8
(c)
2 13. A team 5 is be selected from 8 boys and 3 girls.
9 The probability that 2 particular girls are
(d)
2
included is :
09. If 3 numbers are chosen from 1 to 20, then
2
probability that they are consecutive is: (a)
11
1 4
(a) (b)
60 11
3
(b) 3
190 (c)
11
1
(c)
57 5
(d)
3 11
(d)
20 14. If P (A) = 0.8, P (B) = 0.6, P (A  B) = 0.5, then
10. Two cards are drawn from a shuffled pack of 52
P (B’/A) =
cards. Probability that one is spade card and
1
other is king is: (a)
3
1 1
(a) (b)
51 2
1
(b) 1
26 (c)
4
2
(c)
51 1
(d)
1 5
(d)
34 15. If two dice thrown together, then probability that
11. A and B are two event such that P (A  B) = the sum of the number appearing on them is a
0.5, P (A  B) = 0.3, P (B) = 0.4 then prime number is
P (A’/B’) = (a) 1/2
1 (b) 3/7
(a)
2
(c) 5/12
3
(b) (d) 7/12
5
2 16. A four digit number to be formed using the
(c)
5 digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 (no digit is being
5 repeated in any number). Then, the probability
(d)
6
that it is > 4000, is
12. A and B are independent events. If P (A  B) =
(a) 3/2
0.6 and P (A  B) = 0.2, then probability that
(b) 1/2
exactly one of them occurs is
(c) 4/7
(a) 0.3
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(d) 7/12
17. Two coins are tossed simultaneously. Then, the
value of E (X), where X denotes the number of
heads is
1
(a)
2
(b) 2
(c) 1
(d) 1.05
18. If P (A) = 0.4, P (B) = 0.8 and P (A  B) = 0.3,
then the probability that exactly one of them
occur is
(a) 0.2
(b) 0.4
(c) 0.6
(d) 0.1
19. An urn contains 4 black and 6 red balls. If two
balls are drawn at random from the urn without
replacement, then the probability that both of
them are black is
1
(a)
5
1
(b)
15
2
(c)
15
13
(d)
15
20. Two fair coins are tossed. If X represent the
number of tails obtained then V (X) =
(a) 2
3
(b)
2
2
(c)
3
1
(d)
2
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Answerkey

Level I

1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (a) 6. (a) 7. (a)

8. (c) 9. (a) 10. (c) 11. (c) 12. (d) 13. (b) 14. (a)
15. (c) 16. (b) 17. (d) 18. (c) 19. (a) 20. (c) 21. (b)
22. (c) 23. (a) 24. (c) 25. (b) 26. (a) 27. (b) 28. (d)
29. (b) 30. (d)

Level II

1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (d) 6. (c) 7. (d)

8. (b) 9. (a) 10. (b) 11. (b) 12. (b) 13. (b) 14. (c)
15. (c) 16. (a) 17. (c) 18. (d) 19. (a) 20. (c) 21. (a)
22. (b) 23. (a) 24. (d) 25. (a) 26. (d) 27. (a) 28. (b)
29. (a) 30. (c) 31. (d) 32. (d) 33. (a) 34. (d) 35. (a)
36. (c) 37. (b) 38. (c) 39. (c) 40. (a)

Level III

1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (c) 6. (c) 7. (c)

8. (c) 9. (b) 10. (d) 11. (d) 12. (c) 13. (a) 14. (b)
15. (c) 16. (c) 17. (c) 18. (c) 19. (c) 20. (d)