PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

Q4 W4 NOTES

LESSON 7: Listing References

Recall! FACT or BLUFF

Directions: Decide whether the following statement is a FACT or a BLUFF.
1. Conclusion is the summary or synthesis of the key points in the study.
2. In writing the conclusion, you should just copy and paste the previous information from the results.
3. The recommendation part of the study contains the researchers’ suggestions about the specific interventions or
strategies to address the issues and constraints identified in the assessment.
4. Recommendations are based on the results of other studies to be used in your own study.
5. In writing the recommendation it should be composed of multiple-incoherent sentences with verbs that don’t show
action.

Ponder! Imagine you’re an HR (Human Resource) Agent, why do you think it is important to have credible references before
hiring an employee?
Try This! Carefully examine the references in each box below. Then, answer the questions that follow.

Jewkes, R., Morrell, R., Christofides, N. (2009). Empowering teenagers to

prevent pregnancy: Lessons from South Africa. Cult Health Sex.
https://doi.org/10.1080/13691050902846452.

Griffith, K. (2011). Writing essays about

literature: A guide and style sheet
(8th ed.). Wadsworth.

Johnson, D. E. (1980). Johnson behavioral system model. Nursology.

https://nursology.net/nurse-theories/johnson-behavioral-system-
model/.

Juzwik, M. M., Curcic, S., Wolbers, K.,

Moxley,
K. D., Dimling, L. M., & Shankland,
R. K. (2006). Writing into the 21st
century: An overview of research
on writing, 1999 to 2004. Written
Communication, 23(4), 451-476.
Lin, S., & Griffith, P. (2014). Impacts of online technology use in second https://doi.org/10.1177/07410883
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language writing: A review of the literature. Reading Improvement, 06291619.
10(3), 303-312.
https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/prin/rimp/2014/0000005
1/00000003/art00003#expand/collapse.
Guide Questions:

1. What citation information are contained in each of the sources listed.

2. Which one is of a book? Of a journal article? Of a webpage?
3. Based on the sample, how is the reference list of each of the sources written?

Study!
LISTING REFERENCES

All in-text references should be listed in the reference list at the end of your document. The purpose of the
reference list entry is to contain all the information that a reader of your work needs to follow up on your sources. An
important principle in referencing is to be consistent.
.
When compiling your APA Reference List, you should:

• List references on a new page with a centered heading titled: References.

• Include all your references, regardless of format, e.g., books, journal articles, or online sources, in one
alphabetical listing from A - Z.
• Order entries alphabetically by surname of the author(s).
• List works with no author under the first significant word of the title.
• Indent second and subsequent lines of each entry (5-7 spaces).
• Use double spacing.
• Note that all references in APA end with a full stop except when the reference ends with a URL or a DOI

JOURNAL ARTICLE

A basic reference list entry for a journal article in APA must include:

• Author or authors. The surname is followed by first initials.

• Year of publication of the article (in round brackets).
• Article title.
• Journal title (in italics).
• Volume of journal (in italics).
• Issue of journal (no italics).
• Page range of article.
• DOI (presented as a hyperlink, for example https://doi.org/xxxxx).
• The first line of each citation is left adjusted. Every subsequent line is indented 5-7 spaces.

Example:

Ruxton, C. (2016). Tea: Hydration and other health benefits. Primary Health Care, 26(8), 34-
42. https://doi.org/10.7748/phc.2016.e1162

BOOK

A basic reference list entry for a book from a library database in APA must include:

• Author or authors. The surname is followed by first initials.

• Year of publication of the book (in round brackets).
• Book title (in italics).
• Edition (in round brackets), if other than first edition.
• Publisher.
• DOI (where a book has a DOI this must be included, even if you are referring to a print book).
• The first line of each citation is left adjusted. Every subsequent line is indented 5-7 spaces.

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Example:

Arnott, G. D. (2017). The disability support worker (2nd ed.). Cengage Learning.

WEBPAGE OR PIECE OF
ONLINE CONTENT

If the page names an individual author, cite their name first:

Lastname, F. M. (Year, Month Date). Title of page. Site name. URL

Example:
Price, D. (2018, March 23). Laziness does not exist. Medium. https://humanparts.medium.com/laziness-does-
notexist-
3af27e312d01

If the resource was written by a group or organization, use the name of the group/organization as the author.
Additionally, if the author and site name are the same, omit the site name from the citation.

Group name. (Year, Month Date). Title of page. Site name. URL

Example:

American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. (2019, November 21). Justice served: Case closed
for over 40 dogfighting victims. https://www.aspca.org/news/justice-served-case-closed-over-40-
dogfighting-victims

If the page's author is not listed, start with the title instead. Additionally, include a retrieval date when the
page's content is likely to change over time (like, for instance, if you're citing a wiki that is publicly edited).

Title of page. (Year, Month Date). Site name. Retrieved Month Date, Year, from URL

Example:

Tuscan white bean pasta. (2018, February 25). Budgetbytes. Retrieved March 18, 2020, from
https://www.budgetbytes.com/tuscan-white-bean-pasta/
If the date of publication is not listed, use the abbreviation (n.d.).

Author or Group name. (n.d.). Title of page. Site name (if applicable). URL

Example:

National Alliance on Mental Illness. (n.d.). Mental health conditions. https://www.nami.org/Learn-

More/MentalHealth-
Conditions

Try This! Choose TRUE if the statement is correct; otherwise, choose FALSE.

1. List references on a new page with a centered heading titled: Reference List.
2. Not all sources cited in the body of the paper should be cited in the reference list.
3. References are listed alphabetically using the title of the sources.
4. Second and subsequent lines of each entry should be indented.
5. The spacing for the reference list is triple spacing.
6. Article title is in italics.
7. Year of publication is in square brackets.
8. In APA 7th edition, the place of publication is no longer included.
9. The first initials are followed by the surname in the reference list.
10. If the page's author is not listed, start with the title instead. Additionally, include a retrieval date when the
page's content is likely to change over time (like, for instance, if you're citing a wiki that is publicly edited).
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Try Some More! Answer the following questions.

1. It refers to the detailed description of the source of information that you want to give credit to via citation.
2. It refers to the latest style and formatting for academics and is commonly used for citing sources within the field of
behavioral and social sciences, including sociology, education, health sciences, criminal justice, and anthropology,
as well as psychology.
3. It refers to a unique and never-changing string assigned to online (journal) articles, books, and other works, and
makes it easier to retrieve works, which is why citation styles, like APA and MLA Style, recommend including them
in citations.
4. It refers to a scholarly publication containing articles written by researchers, professors, and other experts.
5. It refers to the way the list of references must be arranged.

Ponder, finally! How will you decide in making a complete and organized list of references?

Try This, Finally! As a group, organize the reference list of your study (PERFORMANCE TASKS 9)

Sum It Up! What have you learned from today’s lesson?