eÅemvq msMVb I eÅeÕ©vcbv: cÉ^g cò  evQvBK‡Z ˆmiv gvGbi cÉk² I Dîi: m†Rbkxj iPbvgƒjK 45

Aa¨vq-3: GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq 45

cix¶v_©x eÜyiv, G Aa¨v‡q †evW© cix¶v, kxl©¯’vbxq K‡jRmg~‡ni wbe©vPwb cix¶v Ges evQvBK…
Z G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U‡÷i cÖkœ¸‡jvi c~Y©v½ DËi †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| G¸‡jv Abykxjb Ki‡j †Zvgiv G
Aa¨vq †_‡K †h‡Kv‡bv m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi mn‡RB wjL‡Z cvi‡e|
((( Rbve kwdK Zvi wbR¯^ KviLvbvq gvbm¤§Z GKgvÎ wbqš¿YKvix| wZwb GKvB gybvdv †fvM
Pvgovi RyZv Drcv`b K‡i wewfbœ e„n`vqZb wkí K‡ib| myZivs ejv hvq, Rbve kwdK GKgvwjKvbv
KviLvbvq mieivn K‡i _v‡Kb| Zv‡K mn‡hvwMZv e¨emvq cwiPvjbv Ki‡Qb|
Kivi Rb¨ Zvi `yB eÜy k¨vgj I mRj D³ cÖwZôv‡b ( Rbve kwd‡Ki GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvqwU †`‡ki
Kg©iZ| Rbve kwd‡Ki Drcvw`Z RyZv gvbm¤§Z A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡b BwZevPK Ae`vb ivL‡Z
nIqvq wewfbœ cÖwZôv‡b Zv e¨vcKfv‡e mgv`„Z| cv‡i|
wZwb Zvi eÜy‡`i mn‡hvwMZvq wbR¯^
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡q gvwjK ¶z`ª ¶z`ª mÂq‡K
ZË¡veav‡bi gva¨‡g Drcv`bKvh© cwiPvjbv K‡ib|
g~jab wn‡m‡e wewb‡qvM K‡i e¨emvq MVb K‡i|
wZwb GLb Avš—R©vwZK evRv‡i cÖ‡e‡ki
G‡Z †`‡ki Avq I m¤ú` e„w×i my‡hvM m„wó nq|
cwiKíbv Ki‡Qb|
[Xv. †ev. 17]
d‡j †`‡ki mylg A_©‰bwZK Dbœqb nq|
A K. e¨emvq Kx? 1 DÏxc‡Ki Rbve kwdK Zvi wbR¯^ KviLvbvq
A L. e¨emv‡q Amxg `vq ej‡Z Kx †evS? 2 gvbm¤§Z Pvgovi RyZv Drcv`b K‡i wewfbœ
A M. Rbve kwd‡Ki e¨emvqwU †Kvb ai‡bi e„n`vqZb wk‡í mieivn K‡ib| Zvi G KviLvbvwU
msMVb? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3 GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi Aš—f©y³| GLv‡b
Drcvw`Z RyZv gvbm¤§Z nIqvq wewfbœ
A N. Rbve kwd‡Ki e¨emvqwU †`‡ki A_©
cÖwZôv‡b Zv e¨vcKfv‡e mgv`„Z| ZvB wZwb
‰bwZK Dbœq‡b Kx ai‡bi f‚wgKv ivL‡Z
GLb Avš—R©vwZK evRv‡i cÖ‡e‡ki cwiKíbv
cv‡i? gZvgZ `vI| 4

eÅemvq msMVb 1g
Ki‡Qb|
1 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi A
Rbve kwdK Drcvw`Z RyZv hw` Avš—R©vwZK
( gybvdv AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ ˆeafv‡e cwiPvwjZ evRv‡i ißvwb K‡ib Zvn‡j wZwb we‡`k †_‡K
hveZxq A_©‰bwZK Kg©KvʇK e¨emvq e‡j|

cò
cÖPzi cwigvY ˆe‡`wkK gy`ªv AR©b Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
( e¨emv‡q Amxg `vq ej‡Z gvwj‡Ki ˆe‡`wkK gy`ªv AR©b Avgv‡`i †`‡ki A_©‰bwZK
wewb‡qvMK…Z wbR¯^ g~ja‡bi evB‡iI `vq m„wó Dbœq‡b ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f‚wgKv ivL‡e| wZwb
nIqv‡K †evSvq| wek¦evRv‡i gvbm¤§Z cY¨ Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ mgv`„Z
e¨emv‡qi †`bvi Rb¨ gvwj‡Ki wewb‡qvMK…Z n‡eb| d‡j ˆe‡`wkK wewb‡qvM e„w× cv‡e| Zvi
g~jab I e¨w³MZ m¤úwË `vqe× _v‡K| e¨emvwqK mvdj¨ A‡bK‡KB Giƒc e¨emvq MV‡b
wewb‡qvMK…Z g~jab Øviv `vq cwi‡kva Kiv m¤ DrmvwnZ Ki‡e| G‡Z †`‡k Kg©ms¯’v‡bi bZzb
¢e bv n‡j gvwj‡Ki e¨w³MZ m¤úwË wewµ K‡i my‡hvM ˆZwi n‡e| Gfv‡e Rbve kwd‡Ki MwVZ
†`bv †kva Ki‡Z nq| GKgvwjKvbv I Askx`vwi GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq †`‡ki A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡b
e¨emv‡qi gvwjK‡K mvaviYZ Amxg `vq enb Ki‡Z Ae`vb ivL‡e|
nq|
((( mvjvg K‡j‡Ri wbKU GKwU †÷kbvwi †`vKvb
( DÏxc‡Ki Rbve kwd‡Ki e¨emvqwU GKgvwjKvbv
cwiPvjbv K‡i| mZZv I `¶Zvi Kvi‡Y Zvi e¨emvqwU
e¨emvq msMVb|
Lye jvfRbK n‡q I‡V| ZvB †m Gi cvkvcvwk GKwU
GKK gvwjKvbvq MwVZ, cwiPvwjZ I wbqwš¿Z d‡UvKwc †gwkb I Kw¤úDUvi µq K‡i wewfbœ
e¨emvq n‡jv GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq| G e¨emv‡q ai‡bi KvR K‡i _v‡K| GRb¨ †m gvwmK wbw`©ó
gvwjK wb‡RB g~ja‡bi e¨e¯’v K‡ib| mxwgZ UvKvi wewbg‡q Zvi fvB‡K G Kv‡R wbhy³ K‡i|
g~ja‡bi gva¨‡gB G e¨emvq MVb Kiv hvq| eQiv‡š— mvjv‡gi fvB gybvdv `vwe K‡i| [w`. †ev. 17]
e¨emv‡qi me gybvdv gvwjK GKvB †fvM K‡ib| A K. GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq Kv‡K e‡j? 1
DÏxc‡Ki Rbve kwdK Zvi wbR¯^ KviLvbvq A L. GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡q ¯’vwq‡Z¡i Afve
gvbm¤§Z Pvgovi RyZv Drcv`b K‡ib| c‡i Drcvw`Z †Kb? 2
RyZv wewfbœ e„n`vqZb wkí KviLvbvq mieivn A M. DÏxc‡K mvjv‡gi e¨emvqwU †Kvb cÖK…
K‡i _v‡Kb| Zv‡K mn‡hvwMZv Kivi Rb¨ Zvi `yB wZi? we‡klY K‡iv| 3
eÜy k¨vgj I mRj D³ cÖwZôv‡b Kg©iZ Av‡Qb| A N. mvjv‡gi fvB‡qi gybvdv `vwei †hŠw³KZv
Zviv wbw`©ó cvwikÖwg‡Ki wewbg‡q GLv‡b we‡klY K‡iv| 4
wbhy³ Av‡Qb| Giv jvf-¶wZ‡Z AskMÖnY Kivi 2 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi A
my‡hvM cvb bv, ïay e¨emvwqK Kv‡R
mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Rbve kwdKB e¨emv‡qi
 46 eÅemvq msMVb I eÅeÕ©vcbv: cÉ^g cò  evQvBK‡Z ˆmiv gvGbi cÉk² I Dîi: m†Rbkxj iPbvgƒjK
( †Kv‡bv e¨w³ GKKfv‡e e¨emvq MVb I wbqš¿Y,
g~jab mieivn, SuywK I cwiPvjbvi `vwqZ¡ MÖnY ((( wg. ingvb GKRb dj e¨emvqx| XvKvi KvIivb
Ges gybvdv ev ¶wZ GKvB †fvM Ki‡j Zv‡K evRv‡i Zvi AvoZ i‡q‡Q| wZwb wb‡RB Zvi
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq e‡j| e¨emv‡qi hveZxq KvR Z`viwK K‡ib| wZwb
( GKK gvwjKvbvq MwVZ, cwiPvwjZ I wbqwš¿Z KL‡bv Avg, KuvVvj, ZigyR wewµ K‡ib| Avevi
msMVb‡K GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq e‡j| KL‡bv Avbvim, Av‡cj I †LRyi wewµ K‡ib|
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi ¯’vwqZ¡ gvwj‡Ki B”Qv- XvKvmn †`‡ki wewfbœ A‡ji dj e¨emvqx‡`i
Awb”Qvi Ici wbf©i K‡i| gvwj‡Ki g„Zz¨, kvixwiK wbKU wZwb GKRb RbwcÖq e¨emvqx| wZwb
Amy¯’Zv, †`Dwjqv n‡q hvIqv BZ¨vw` Kvi‡YI memgq GKwU bxwZ †g‡b P‡jb, Zvn‡jv Ômr
e¨emvq †h‡Kv‡bv mgq eÜ n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| ZvB e¨emvqx memgqB myLx|Õ [P. †ev. 17]
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡q ¯’vwq‡Z¡i Afve cwijw¶Z A K. cÖZ¨¶ †mev Kx? 1
nq| A L. cwi‡ek `~lY ej‡Z Kx †evS? 2
( DÏxc‡Ki mvjv‡gi e¨emvqwU GKgvwjKvbv A M. wg. ingv‡bi e¨emvqwU †Kvb ai‡bi? e¨vL¨v
e¨emvq| K‡iv| 3
GKK e¨w³i gvwjKvbvq cÖwZwôZ I cwiPvwjZ A N. wg. ingv‡bi e¨emv‡qi g‡Zv cÖwZôvb¸‡jvi
e¨emvq n‡jv GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq| †h †KD ¯^í wK `xN©w`b wU‡K _vKv m¤¢e? gZvgZ
cuywR wb‡q mn‡RB G e¨emvq MVb I cwiPvjbv `vI| 4
Ki‡Z cv‡i| cÖ‡qvR‡b Kg©Pvix mv‡_ wb‡q 3 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi A
e¨emvq Pvjvq| Z‡e jvf-¶wZ gvwjK GKvB enb K‡i| ( MÖvnK‡`i cÖZ¨¶fv‡e †mevKg© cÖ`v‡bi
DÏxc‡Ki mvjvg K‡j‡Ri wbK‡U GKwU †÷kbvwi wewbg‡q A_© DcvR©b Kiv‡K cÖZ¨¶ †mevg~jK
†`vKvb cwiPvjbv K‡i| mZZv I `¶Zvi Kvi‡Y Zvi e¨emvq e‡j| †hgb: Wv³vwi, IKvjwZ|
e¨emvqwU Lye jvfRbK n‡q I‡V| mvjvg Zvi G
( cÖvK…wZK wewfbœ Dcv`v‡bi (cvwb,evqy I
eÅemvq msMVb 1g

e¨emvqwU GKvB cwiPvjbv K‡i Ges Zvi e¨emv‡qi

gvwU) mv‡_ Rxe‡bi †h ¯^vfvweK fvimvg¨
cwiwaI mxwgZ| ¯^í cwim‡i I Dchy³ ¯’v‡b MwVZ
e‡j †m G e¨emv‡q `ª“Z mvdj¨ AR©b Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Q| we`¨gvb, †Kv‡bv Kvi‡Y Zv e¨vnZ n‡j ev cÖK…
wZ‡Z Zvi †bwZevPK cÖfve cÖwZdwjZ n‡j Zv‡K
cò

Gme ˆewkó¨ GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi mv‡_

mvgÄm¨c~Y©| myZivs ejv hvq, mvjv‡gi cwiPvwjZ cwi‡ek `~lY e‡j|
e¨emvqwU cÖK…wZMZfv‡e GKgvwjKvbv cwi‡ek `~lY gvbylmn Ab¨vb¨ RxeRš‘ Ges Zv‡`i
e¨emv‡qi Aš—f©y³| cwi‡e‡ki Rb¨ ¶wZKi| wewfbœ `~lY I welv³
( DÏxc‡Ki mvjv‡gi fvB e¨emvqwUi gvwjK bq e‡j c`v‡_©i gva¨‡g cwi‡ek `~wlZ nq, hv gvby‡li
Zvi gybvdv `vwei welqwU A‡hŠw³K| ¯^vfvweK Pjv‡div ev Rxebhvc‡b evav m„wó K‡i|
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi gvwjK wbR ( DÏxc‡Ki wg. ingv‡bi e¨emvqwU GKgvwjKvbv
`vwq‡Z¡ e¨emv‡qi A_©ms¯’vb K‡i| cÖ‡qvR‡b e¨emvq|
Kg©Pvix mv‡_ wb‡q e¨emvq cwiPvjbv K‡i| Z‡e GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq n‡jv GKK gvwjKvbvq
gybvdv ev ¶wZ DfqB gvwjK GKvB enb K‡i| MwVZ I cwiPvwjZ e¨emvq| †h †KD ¯^í cuywR
DÏxc‡Ki mvjv‡gi †÷kbvwi †`vKvbwU Zvi mZZv I wb‡q mn‡RB G e¨emvq MVb I cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z
`¶Zvi Kvi‡Y Lye jvfRbK n‡q I‡V| ZvB †m Gi cv‡ib| G e¨emv‡qi gybvdv gvwjK GKvB †fvM
cvkvcvwk GKwU d‡UvKwc †gwkb I Kw¤úDUvi K‡ib Avevi ¶wZ n‡jI Zv Zv‡KB enb Ki‡Z nq|
µq K‡i wewfbœ ai‡bi KvR K‡i _v‡K| GRb¨ †m DÏxc‡Ki wg. ingvb GKRb dj e¨emvqx| XvKvi
gvwmK wbw`©ó UvKvi wewbg‡q Zvi fvB‡K G KvIivb evRv‡i Zvi AvoZ i‡q‡Q| wZwb wb‡RB
Kv‡R wbhy³ K‡i| eQiv‡š— Zvi fvB gybvdv `vwe Zvi e¨emv‡qi hveZxq KvR Z`viwK K‡ib| wZwb
K‡i| KL‡bv Avbvim, Av‡cj, †LRyi wewµ K‡ib| Avevi
GLv‡b mvjvg e¨emvwqK Kv‡Ri mnvqZvi Rb¨ Zvi KL‡bv Avg, KuvVvj, ZigyR wewµ K‡ib| A_©vr
fvB‡K wbhy³ K‡i| Zvi fvB †h‡nZz G e¨emv‡q wZwb mxwgZ Pvwn`vi cY¨ †gŠmyg‡f‡` wewµ
†Kv‡bv g~jab wewb‡qvM K‡iwb, ZvB †m G K‡ib| ˆewkó¨ Abyhvqx hv GKgvwjKvbv
e¨emv‡qi wewb‡qvMKvix ev Askx`vi bq| e¨emvqxiv K‡i _v‡Kb| myZivs ejv hvq, wg.
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡q gvwjK Zvi jv‡fi m¤ú~Y© ingv‡bi e¨emvqwU GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq|
Ask GKvB †fvM K‡i| ZvB G‡¶‡Î mvjv‡gi fvB ( e¨emvq ˆbwZKZv AbymiYKvix wg. ingv‡bi
gybvdvi †Kv‡bv Ask cvIqvi AwaKvi iv‡L bv| e¨emv‡qi g‡Zv cÖwZôvb¸‡jv `xN©w`b wU‡K
myZivs ejv hvq, eQi †k‡l D³ gybvdv `vwe Kiv Zvi _vK‡Z cv‡i |
Rb¨ m¤ú~Y© A‡hŠw³K|
eÅemvq msMVb I eÅeÕ©vcbv: cÉ^g cò  evQvBK‡Z ˆmiv gvGbi cÉk² I Dîi: m†Rbkxj iPbvgƒjK 47
e¨emv‡q `xN©¯’vqx mg„w× AR©‡bi Rb¨ e¨emv‡qi Drcv`b msµvš— KvR wk‡íi ØvivB
g~j¨‡eva I ˆbwZKZv AbymiY Avek¨K| A‰ea msNwUZ nq| GRb¨ wkí‡K Drcv`‡bi evnb ejv nq|
e¨emvqx mxwgZ mg‡qi Rb¨ Avw_©Kfv‡e jvfevb ( DÏxc‡Ki wbqvgZ †nv‡m‡bi Kg©Kv‡Ê
n‡jI `xN©‡gqv‡` Zvi c‡¶ e¨emv‡q fv‡jv Kiv m¤¢e GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi cÖZ¨¶ m¤úK©
bq| myweavwU dz‡U I‡V‡Q|
DÏxc‡Ki wg. ingvb †gŠmywg d‡ji e¨emvq K‡ib|
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡q cÖZ¨¶ m¤úK© ej‡Z
XvKvmn †`‡ki wewfbœ A‡ji dj e¨emvqx‡`i
gvwj‡Ki mv‡_ Kg©Pvix I MÖvnK‡`i mivmwi
wbKU wZwb GKRb RbwcÖq e¨emvqx| wZwb
m¤úK©‡K †evSvq| G e¨emv‡qi cwiwa †QvU
wb‡RB Zvi e¨emv‡qi hveZxq KvR mwVKfv‡e
nIqvq gvwjK wb‡RB Zvi e¨emvq cwiPvjbv K‡ib|
Z`viwK K‡ib| wZwb memgq GKwU bxwZ †g‡b
Gi d‡j MÖvnK‡`i mv‡_ Zvi fv‡jv m¤úK© M‡o
P‡jb, Zv n‡jv Òmr e¨emvqx memgqB myLxÓ|
I‡V|
wg. ingvb Zvi e¨emvwqK g~j¨‡eva I ˆbwZKZv
DÏxc‡Ki wbqvgZ †nv‡mb 10 eQi a‡i PÆMÖvg
†g‡b e¨emvq Kivq Zvi g‡a¨ gvbwmK cÖkvwš—
kn‡i GKwU gyw` †`vKvb Pvjv‡”Qb| hyw³msMZ
weivR K‡i| ˆbwZKZv †g‡b Pjvq †µZviv Zvi cÖwZ `v‡g MÖvn‡Ki i“wP Abyhvqx cY¨ wewµ K‡ib|
GKwU DËg aviYv cvq, hv e¨emv‡qi †¶‡Î Zvi ZvB cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi gv‡SI Zvi MÖvnK †e‡o‡Q|
mybvg ¯’vqxfv‡e cÖwZôv K‡i| G‡Z fwel¨‡Z Zvi wb‡Ri e¨emv‡qi cY¨ mivmwi †fv³vi Kv‡Q wewµ
†µZv I †fv³vi cwigvY AviI evo‡Z _vK‡e| Kivq Zv‡`i mv‡_ Zvi mym¤úK© M‡o I‡V‡Q|
cÖwZ‡hvwMZvc~Y© cwi‡e‡kI Ab¨ e¨emvqx‡`i Giƒc m¤úK© GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi GKwU
mv‡_ wZwb Lvc LvB‡q Pj‡Z cvi‡eb| Gi myweav wn‡m‡e MY¨ nq| myZivs ejv hvq,
cvkvcvwk ch©vß gybvdv AR©‡bi gva¨‡g e¨emv‡q MÖvnK‡`i mv‡_ cÖZ¨¶ m¤úK© myweavwUB
wZwb ¯’vqxfv‡e wU‡K _vK‡Z m¶g n‡eb| myZivs wbqvg‡Zi e¨emv‡q dz‡U I‡V‡Q|
ejv hvq, wg. ingv‡bi e¨emv‡qi g‡Zv cÖwZôvb¸‡jvi

eÅemvq msMVb 1g
( eo †`vKvb †`Iqvi †¶‡Î wbqvgZ †nv‡m‡bi KiYxq
`xN©w`b e¨emv‡q wU‡K _vKv m¤¢e|
n‡e e¨vsK †_‡K FY †bIqv|
e¨emvq cwiPvjbv I m¤úÖmvi‡Yi Rb¨ e¨emvqx‡K
((( wbqvgZ †nv‡mb 10 eQi a‡i PÆMÖvg kn‡i
cÖwZwbqZ A_© msMÖ‡ni KvR Ki‡Z nq|

cò
GKwU gyw` †`vKvb Pvjv‡”Qb| MÖvn‡Ki mv‡_ myweavRbK Drm n‡Z cuywR msMÖn Ki‡Z cvi‡j
Zvi m¤úK© fv‡jv| hyw³m½Z `v‡g MÖvn‡Ki i“wP e¨emvq cwiPvjbv mnR nq|
Abyhvqx cY¨ wewµ K‡ib| cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi g‡a¨I DÏxc‡Ki wbqvgZ †nv‡m‡bi e¨emvq fv‡jv Pjvq
Zvi MÖvnK †e‡o‡Q| GLb wZwb eo AvKv‡ii cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi g‡a¨I Zvi MÖvnK †e‡o‡Q| GLb
†`vKvb †`Iqvi K_v fve‡Qb| GRb¨ Zvi AwaK wZwb eo AvKv‡ii †`vKvb †`Iqvi K_v fve‡Qb|
UvKvi cÖ‡qvRb| eÜy iwng Zvi e¨emv‡q cyuwR GRb¨ Zvi AwaK A‡_©i cÖ‡qvRb| Zvi eÜy iwng
wewb‡qvM Ki‡Z Pvb| e¨vsKI FY w`‡Z ivwR| e¨emv‡q cuywR wewb‡qvM Ki‡Z Pvb| Avevi
[h. †ev. 17]
e¨vsKI Zv‡K FY w`‡Z ivwR|
A K. cÖwgZKiY Kv‡K e‡j? 1
G‡¶‡Î eÜyi †_‡K cuywR bv †bIqvB DËg n‡e|
A L. wkí‡K Drcv`‡bi evnb ejv nq †Kb? 2
eÜyi KvQ †_‡K cuywR wb‡j wZwb Kvi‡Y-
A M. DÏxc‡K wbqvgZ †nv‡m‡bi Kg©Kv‡Ê AKvi‡Y n¯—‡¶c Ki‡Z cv‡ib| GgbwK e¨emv‡qi
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi †Kvb myweavwU Askx`viI n‡Z PvB‡Z cv‡ib| G‡¶‡Î e¨emvq
dz‡U I‡V‡Q? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3 cwiPvjbvq e¨vNvZ NU‡e| wKš‘ e¨vsK †_‡K FY
A N. eo †`vKvb †`Iqvi †¶‡Î wbqvgZ †nv‡m‡bi wb‡j cÖwZ gv‡m wbw`ó cwigvY my` w`‡Z n‡e|
KiYxq m¤ú‡K© †Zvgvi AwfgZ DÏxc‡Ki Z‡e e¨vsK KL‡bv e¨emvq cwiPvjbvq n¯—‡¶c
Av‡jv‡K Zz‡j a‡iv| 4 Ki‡e bv| G‡Z e¨emv‡q †h gybvdv n‡e cy‡ivUvB
4 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi A wbqvgZ †nv‡mb †fvM Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| Gme w`K
( wecYb I µq-weµ‡qi myweav‡_© c‡Y¨i AvKvi, IRb we‡ePbvq Zvi Rb¨ e¨vsK FY †bIqvB †ewk
I is we‡ePbv K‡i c‡Y¨i gvb wba©viY Kiv‡K hyw³hy³|
cÖwgZKiY e‡j|
( †h cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g cÖvK…wZK m¤ú` I ((( Rbve Zv‡ni K‡jR †iv‡Wi GKwU gwbnvwi
KuvPvgvj‡K cÖwµqvRvZ K‡i gvby‡li e¨envi †`vKv‡bi gvwjK| K‡jR †iv‡Wi cv‡k PviwU wk¶v
Dc‡hvMx c‡Y¨ iƒcvš—i Kiv nq Zv‡K wkí e‡j| cÖwZôvb i‡q‡Q| wZwb j¶ Ki‡jb AvRKvj Qv·`i
gvby‡li cÖ‡qvRb c~i‡Yi Rb¨ wewfbœ cY¨ ev me KvRB B›Uvi‡bUwfwËK Ges Gi µgea©gvb
†mevmvgMÖx Drcv`b KivB wk‡íi KvR| A_©vr Pvwn`v i‡q‡Q| wZwb G cwiewZ©Z cwiw¯’wZi
mv‡_ Lvc LvB‡q wb‡jb| wZwb `ywU Kw¤úDUvi
 48 eÅemvq msMVb I eÅeÕ©vcbv: cÉ^g cò  evQvBK‡Z ˆmiv gvGbi cÉk² I Dîi: m†Rbkxj iPbvgƒjK
Ges `ywU g‡Wg wKb‡jb| Zvi e¨emv‡q GLb Mig my‡hvM _vKvq wZwb cwiewZ©Z cwiw¯’wZ‡Z
i“wUi g‡Zv wewµ Pj‡Q| [e. †ev. 17] wb‡R‡K `ª“Z Lvc LvB‡q wb‡q‡Qb| wZwb hLb
A K. GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq Kx? 1 †`L‡jb eZ©gv‡b Qv·`i me KvRB
A L. GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq Kxfv‡e cÖwZwôZ B›Uvi‡bUwfwËK, ZLb wZwb `ª“Z G Pvwn`v
nq? 2 Abyhvqx `ywU Kw¤úDUvi I `ywU g‡Wg wKb‡jb|
A M. †Kvb cÖavb myweavwU _vKvq e¨emvqwU G‡Z Zvi e¨emvq fv‡jv Pj‡Q|
GZ `ª“Z G¸‡”Q? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3 e¨emvqx‡K memgq cwieZ©bkxj cwiw¯’wZ‡K
A N. GKRb GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi gvwjK mvg‡b †i‡L e¨emvq cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z nq| Rbve
mn‡RB Pvwn`v I †hvMv‡bi mvgÄm¨ Zv‡ni GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi gvwjK nIqvq wZwb
weavb Ki‡Z cv‡i Zzwg wK GKgZ? †µZv I †fv³v‡`i KvQvKvwQ Ae¯’vb K‡ib| ZvB
DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 4 Zv‡`i i“wP I Pvwn`vi mv‡_ msMwZ †i‡L
5 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi A cÖ‡qvRbg‡Zv c‡Y¨i †hvMvb wbwðZ Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
( †Kv‡bv e¨w³ GKKfv‡e e¨emvq MVb I wbqš¿Y, Gfv‡e GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvqxiv mn‡RB Pvwn`v I
g~jab mieivn, SuywK I cwiPvjbvi `vwqZ¡ MÖnY †hvMv‡bi mvgÄm¨ weavb Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
Ges gybvdv ev ¶wZ GKvB †fvM Ki‡j Zv‡K
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq e‡j| ((( KvRj ¯’vbxq K…lK †_‡K mewR msMÖn I
evQvB K‡i mivmwi †fv³v‡`i wbKU mieivn K‡i|
( GKK gvwjKvbvq MwVZ, cwiPvwjZ I wbqwš¿Z
Aíw`‡bi g‡a¨ †m †fv³v‡`i `„wó AvKl©Y K‡i Ges
e¨emvq msMVb‡K GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq e‡j|
e¨emvq mdjZv Av‡m| e¨emvq m¤úÖmvi‡Yi Rb¨
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡q gvwj‡Ki GKK cÖ‡Póvq
†m cÖwZ gv‡m wbw`©ó cwigvY A_© cÖ`v‡bi
cyuwR wewb‡qvM Ki‡Z nq| ¯^í cyuwR wb‡q kn‡i
k‡Z© eÜy wgiv‡Ri wbKU †_‡K 30,000 UvKv
ev MÖv‡g †h‡Kv‡bv RvqMvq Giƒc e¨emvq MVb
MÖnY K‡i| [iv. †ev., P. †ev. 16]
K‡i ¯^vaxbfv‡e cwiPvjbv Kiv hvq| G‡Z AvBbMZ
eÅemvq msMVb 1g

A K. wkí Kx? 1
AvbyôvwbKZvi RwUjZv †bB| ïay BDwbqb cwil`,
L. GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi Amxg `vq ej‡Z
†cŠimfv I wmwU K‡c©v‡ikb †_‡K †UªW
Kx †evSvq? 2
jvB‡mÝ Ki‡Z nq| Gfv‡e GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq
cò

M. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z KvR‡ji e¨emvqwU †Kvb

mn‡RB cÖwZôv Kiv hvq|
ai‡bi? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3
( `ª“Z wm×vš— MÖn‡Yi myweavwU _vKvq N. ÔKvR‡ji e¨emvwqK mdjZv AR©b Zvi
DÏxc‡Ki GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvqwU GZ `ª“Z G¸‡”Q| e¨emvwqK †KŠkj¸‡jvi djÕ hyw³mn
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡q gvwjK GKKfv‡e e¨emvq eY©bv K‡iv| 4
MVb I wbqš¿Y, g~jab mieivn Ges gybvdv †fvM 6 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi A
K‡ib| G e¨emv‡qi GKwU we‡kl myweav n‡jv
( cÖK…wZ cÖ`Ë m¤ú` msMÖn K‡i Dc‡hvM
gvwjK e¨emv‡qi wm×vš— GKvB MÖnY K‡ib|
m„wói gva¨‡g gvby‡li e¨envi Dc‡hvMx c‡Y¨ iƒcvš
DÏxc‡Ki Rbve Zv‡ni K‡jR †iv‡Wi GKwU
—i Kiv‡K wkí e‡j|
gwbnvwi †`vKv‡bi gvwjK| wZwb j¶ Ki‡jb AvRKvj
Qv·`i me KvRB B›Uvi‡bUwfwËK Ges Gi ( e¨emv‡q Amxg `vq n‡jv e¨emv‡q hZUzKz `vq-
µgea©gvb Pvwn`v i‡q‡Q| wZwb G cwiw¯’wZ‡Z `vwqZ¡ m„wó nq Zvi meUzKz gvwjK‡KB enb
`ª“Z wm×vš— wb‡q `ywU Kw¤úDUvi Ges `ywU Ki‡Z nq, hvi †Kv‡bv mxgv wbw`©ó _v‡K bv|
g‡Wg wKb‡jb| GLb Zvi e¨emvq A‡bK fv‡jv Pj‡Q| e¨emv‡qi †`bvi Rb¨ gvwj‡Ki e¨w³MZ m¤úwË
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq nIqvi Kvi‡Y cwiw¯’wZ †¶Îwe‡k‡l `vqe× _v‡K| mieivnK…Z g~jab Øviv
Abyhvqx Rbve Zv‡ni GKvB Giƒc wm×vš— `vq cwi‡kva bv n‡j gvwj‡Ki e¨w³MZ m¤úwË
MÖnY Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Qb| Gi d‡j wZwb e¨emv‡q `ª“Z weµq K‡i †`bv †kva Ki‡Z nq| GKgvwjKvbv
DbœwZ jvf K‡i‡Qb| e¨emv‡q gvwjK †hgb GKv mg¯— gybvdv †fvM
K‡ib, wVK †Zgwb mg¯— `vq Zv‡KB enb Ki‡Z
( ÔGKRb GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi gvwjK mn‡RB nq|
Pvwn`v I †hvMv‡bi mvgÄm¨ weavb Ki‡Z
( KvR‡ji e¨emvqwU n‡jv GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq|
cv‡iÕÑAvwg Gi mv‡_ GKgZ|
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq ej‡Z GKK gvwjKvbvq
†h mg¯— c‡Y¨i Pvwn`v †µZv‡`i i“wP I cQ›` MwVZ, cwiPvwjZ I wbqwš¿Z e¨emvq‡K †evSvq|
Abyhvqx `ª“Z cwieZ©bkxj, †m‡¶‡Î GKgvwjKvbv GKK gvwjK _vKvq B”Qv Ki‡jB mxwgZ g~jab
e¨emvqB AwaKZi Dchy³ nq| wb‡q mn‡RB G e¨emvq MVb Kiv hvq|
DÏxc‡Ki Rbve Zv‡ni gwbnvwi †`vKv‡bi gvwjK GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi jvf-†jvKmvb gvwjKB
wQ‡jb| Zvi GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡q bgbxqZvi
eÅemvq msMVb I eÅeÕ©vcbv: cÉ^g cò  evQvBK‡Z ˆmiv gvGbi cÉk² I Dîi: m†Rbkxj iPbvgƒjK 49
†fvM K‡i| mg¯— `vq-†`bv gvwjK‡KB enb Ki‡Z N. †`‡ki A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡bi wjRvi
nq| e¨emvq cÖwZôv‡bi f‚wgKv DÏxc‡Ki
KvRj ¯’vbxq K…lK †_‡K mewR msMÖn I evQvB Av‡jv‡K g~j¨vqb K‡iv| 4
K‡i mivmwi †fv³v‡`i wbKU mieivn K‡i| Aíw`‡bi 7 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi A
g‡a¨ †m †fv³v‡`i `„wó AvKl©Y K‡i Ges e¨emvq
( cÖvK…wZK m¤ú`‡K cÖwµqvRvZKi‡Yi gva¨‡g
mdjZv Av‡m| KvR‡ji mewRi e¨emvqwU †m
gvby‡li e¨envi‡hvM¨ cY¨ cÖ¯‘Z Kivi cÖwµqv‡K
GKvB wbqš¿Y I cwiPvjbv K‡i| G‡Z jvf n‡j KvRj
†hgb GKvB †fvM K‡i †Zgwb †jvKmvb n‡jI wkí e‡j|
GKvB `vqfvi †bq| e¨emvqwUi mv‡_ KvR‡ji ( cÖK…wZ †_‡K m¤ú` msMÖ‡ni me cÖwµqvB
m¤úK©© cÖZ¨¶| cÖZ¨¶ m¤úK© eRvq †i‡LB †m cÖv_wgK wk‡íi Aš—fz©³|
†µZv AvK…ó K‡i, hv GKgvwjKvbvi e¨emv‡qi Rwg‡Z dmj djv‡bv, Lwb †_‡K m¤ú` D‡Ëvjb, eb
mv‡_ mswkó| †_‡K KvV, gay msMÖn, b`x I mvMi †_‡K gy³v,
( ÔKvR‡ji e¨emvwqK mdjZv AR©b Zvi kvgyK msMÖn BZ¨vw` cÖv_wgK wk‡íi g‡a¨ c‡o|
e¨emvwqK †KŠkj¸‡jvi djÕÑ K_vwU hyw³hy³| GQvov Rwg‡Z exR †ivcY K‡i Pviv Drcv`b, Mvfx,
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq †h‡Kv‡bv e¨w³ Lye mn‡RB nuvm-gyiwM jvjb-cvjb BZ¨vw`I cÖv_wgK wk‡íi
MVb I wbqš¿Y Ki‡Z cv‡i| myôzfv‡e e¨emvq Aš—fz©³|
cwiPvjbvi gva¨‡g G e¨emv‡q mn‡RB mdjZv
( wjRvi ÔKzBbÕ bvgK cÖwZôvbwU
AR©b Kiv hvq| G e¨emv‡qi Ab¨Zg mgm¨v n‡jv
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq msMV‡bi Aš—fz©³|
g~jab mgm¨v| Z‡e ch©vß g~jab msMÖn K‡i
e¨emvqwU GKv cwiPvjbv KivB DËg| GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq ej‡Z GKK gvwjKvbvq
KvRj mewR e¨emvqx| †m Zvi e¨emv‡q Aíw`‡bi MwVZ, cwiPvwjZ I wbqwš¿Z e¨emvq‡K †evSvq|
g‡a¨B mdjZv AR©b K‡i| e¨emvq m¤úÖmvi‡Yi †h †KD mn‡RB ¯^í cuywR wb‡q G e¨emvq MVb I
Rb¨ A‡_©i cÖ‡qvRb| GRb¨ KvRj cÖwZ gv‡m cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z cv‡i| †µZv ev †fv³v‡`i mv‡_

eÅemvq msMVb 1g
wbw`©ó cwigvY A_© cÖ`v‡bi k‡Z© eÜy mivmwi †hvMv‡hvM _v‡K e‡j Giƒc e¨emv‡q
wgiv‡Ri KvQ †_‡K 30,000 UvKv MÖnY K‡i| MÖvnK mš‘wó weavb Kiv mnR nq|
KvRj A_©msMÖ‡n †KŠkj Aej¤^b K‡i‡Q| †m Zvi wjRv cov‡kvbvi cvkvcvwk ÔKzBbÕ bv‡g GKwU

cò
eÜy‡K Askx`vi wn‡m‡eI MÖnY Ki‡Z cviZ| weDwU cvj©vi cwiPvjbv K‡ib| wZwb cvj©v‡i `¶
G‡¶‡Î wbw`©ó cwigvY A_© w`‡Z n‡Zv bv| wKš‘ Kg©x wb‡qvM †`b| e¨emvqwU cÖZ¨¶fv‡e
KvRj wb‡Ri GKK ¯^vaxbZv eRvq ivLv Ges Z`viwK K‡ib Ges Afve-Awf‡hvM ï‡b †m
e¨emv‡q GKK wm×vš— GKKfv‡e MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ Abyhvqx †mev †`b| ZvB Aíw`‡bB wZwb MÖvnK
wgivR‡K Askx`vi K‡iwb| G‡¶‡Î g~jabMZ mgm¨vI mš‘wó AR©b K‡i e¨emv‡qi mybvg cÖwZôv Ki‡Z
`~i n‡q‡Q, cvkvcvwk cwiPvjbvMZ †Kv‡bv †c‡i‡Qb| wjRv Zvi cÖwZôvbwU GKvB MVb I
mgm¨vI n‡”Q bv| ZvB ejv hvq, KvRj e¨emv‡q
ZË¡veavb K‡ib A_©vr GwU GKwU GKgvwjKvbv
mvdj¨ AR©‡b `¶Zv I wbR¯^ †KŠkj cÖ‡qvM
cÖwZôvb|
K‡i‡Q|
( †`‡ki A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡b wjRvi e¨emvq
((( wjRv cov‡kvbvi cvkvcvwk ÔKzBbÕ bv‡g cÖwZôv‡bi f‚wgKv Acwimxg|
GKwU weDwU cvj©v‡ii †`vKvb cwiPvjbv K‡ib| ¯^í cuywR wb‡q GKK gvwjKvbvq MwVZ I
wZwb cvj©v‡i `¶ Kg©x wb‡qvM †`b| cvkvcvwk cwiPvwjZ e¨emvq‡K GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq e‡j|
wb‡RI MÖvnK‡`i †mev †`b| wZwb MÖvnK‡`i
evsjv‡`‡ki g‡Zv Dbœqbkxj †`‡ki A_©‰bwZK
Afve Awf‡hvM g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i †kv‡bb Ges †m
Dbœq‡b Giƒc e¨emv‡qi f‚wgKv Acwimxg| G
Abyhvqx †mev`v‡b †Póv K‡ib| MÖvnKiv Zvi Ici
LyeB mš‘ó| Aíw`‡b Zvi e¨emv‡qi mybvg Pviw`‡K e¨emv‡qi gva¨‡g †h †KD mn‡RB wb‡Ri
Qwo‡q c‡o Ges cÖwZw`b Zvi cvj©v‡i wfo †j‡M Kg©ms¯’v‡bi e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z cv‡i|
_v‡K| GLb wZwb ÔKzBb-2Õ bv‡g Av‡iKwU wjRv cov‡kvbvi cvkvcvwk ÔKzBbÕ bv‡g GKwU
weDwU cvj©vi †Lv‡jb Ges †mLv‡b cuvPRb `¶ weDwU cvj©v‡ii †`vKvb cwiPvjbv K‡ib| G‡Z `¶
Kg©x wb‡qvM †`b| [w`. †ev. 16] Kg©x wb‡qvM †`b| d‡j Kg©ms¯’v‡bi my‡hvM
A K. wkí Kx? 1 m„wó nq| GQvov wZwb wb‡RI cvj©viwU
L. cÖv_wgK wkí ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 cÖZ¨¶fv‡e Z`viwK K‡ib| MÖvnK‡`i Afve-
M. DÏxc‡K wjRvi ÔKzBbÕ bvgK Awf‡hv‡Mi cÖwZ g‡bv‡hvM †`b I †m Abyhvqx
cÖwZôvbwU †Kvb ai‡bi e¨emvq †mev †`Iqvi †Póv K‡ib| ZvB wZwb `ª“Z e¨emv‡qi
msMV‡bi Aš—M©Z? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3 mybvg cÖwZôv I e¨emvq m¤úÖmvi‡Y m¶g nb|
 50 eÅemvq msMVb I eÅeÕ©vcbv: cÉ^g cò  evQvBK‡Z ˆmiv gvGbi cÉk² I Dîi: m†Rbkxj iPbvgƒjK
wjRvi e¨emv‡qi mybvg cÖwZôv I Zv `vq GKv enb K‡ib| ZvB ejv hvq, ÔPvi“Kvi“Õ
m¤úÖmvi‡Yi d‡j AwaK Kg©x wb‡qvM †`vKvbwU GKwU GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq msMVb|
w`‡q‡Qb| G‡Z Kg©ms¯’vb m„wó I ( Rbve †mwj‡gi e¨emv‡q e¨vcK mvd‡j¨i
†eKviZ¡ Kg‡Q| GQvov wZwb †h gybvdv AR©b cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z eÜy Avwbm‡K Askx`vi K‡i e¨emvq
Ki‡Qb ZvI †`‡ki A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡bi mnvqK| m¤úÖmvi‡Yi wPš—v m¤ú~Y© †hŠw³K|
ZvB ejv hvq, wjRvi e¨emvq cÖwZôvb †`‡ki A_© Pzw³e× m¤ú‡K©i wfwˇZ GKvwaK e¨w³ KZ…
‰bwZK Dbœq‡b Kvh©Ki f‚wgKv cvjb Ki‡e| ©K MwVZ I cwiPvwjZ e¨emvq‡K Askx`vwi
e¨emvq e‡j| G e¨emvq GKgvwjKvbvi †P‡q †ewk
((( Rbve †mwjg m¤úÖwZ Pvi“Kjv K‡jR n‡Z myweav †fvM K‡i| †hgb: AwaK g~jab, `je×
øvZK cvm K‡ib| Zvi AuvKv Qwe †ek mybvg cÖ‡Póv, SuywK eÈb, mw¤§wjZ wm×vš—
AR©b K‡i| kn‡i ÔPvi“Kvi“Õ bv‡g Zvi GKwU BZ¨vw`|
†`vKvb Av‡Q| e¨vcK mvd‡j¨i †cÖw¶‡Z wZwb Rbve †mwjg Pvi“Kjv K‡jR †_‡K øvZK cvm K‡i
eÜy Avwbm‡K Askx`vi K‡i e¨emvq m¤úÖmvi‡Yi ÔPvi“Kvi“Õ bv‡g GKwU †`vKvb Ly‡j‡Qb|
K_v wPš—v Ki‡Qb| e¨emv‡qi e¨vcK mvd‡j¨i †cÖw¶‡Z wZwb eÜy
[Kz. †ev. 16]
Avwbm‡K Askx`vi K‡i e¨emvq m¤úÖmviY Ki‡Z
A K. wkí Kv‡K e‡j? 1 Pvb| Rbve †mwjg Zvi eÜy Avwbm‡K Askx`vi
L. Amxg `vq ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 Ki‡j Askx`vwi e¨emv‡qi myweav¸‡jv AR©b Ki‡Z
M. DÏxc‡Ki ÔPvi“Kvi“Õ †Kvb ai‡bi e¨emvq cvi‡eb| wZwb e¨emvq m¤úÖmvi‡Y AwaK g~ja‡bi
msMVb? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3 e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| GQvov e¨emv‡qi `vq-
N. DÏxc‡K DwjwLZ bZzb wPš—v wK `vwqZ¡ Ges SuywKmg~n Zvi eÜyi mv‡_ fvM K‡i
†hŠw³K? gZvgZ `vI| 4 wb‡Z cvi‡eb| e¨emvq cwiPvjbvq †h‡Kv‡bv
8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi A wm×vš— mw¤§wjZfv‡e wb‡Z cvi‡eb|
eÅemvq msMVb 1g

( cÖvK…wZK m¤ú`‡K cÖwµqvRvZKi‡Yi gva¨‡g Rbve †mwjg Zvi eÜy Avwbm‡K Askx`vi Ki‡j
gvby‡li e¨envi‡hvM¨ cY¨ cÖ¯‘Z Kivi cÖwµqv‡K mn‡RB e¨emvq m¤úÖmviY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| G‡Z
wkí e‡j| wZwb Askx`vwi e¨emv‡qi AwaK g~jab, cvi¯úwiK
cò

( e¨emv‡q Amxg `vq ej‡Z †evSvq e¨emv‡q mwØk¦vm, `vq I SuywK eÈb BZ¨vw` myweav
hZUzKz `vq-`vwqZ¡ m„wó nq Zvi meUzKz cv‡eb| AZGe, Rbve †mwj‡gi wm×vš—wU h_v_©|
gvwjK‡KB enb Ki‡Z nq, hvi †Kv‡bv mxgv
wbw`©ó _v‡K bv| ((( wg. P GKwU ¯^bvgab¨ †emiKvwi K‡j‡Ri
e¨emv‡qi †`bvi Rb¨ gvwj‡Ki e¨w³MZ m¤úwË wk¶K| K‡j‡Ri wbK‡UB K‡qKwU e¨vsK I wkí
†¶Îwe‡k‡l `vqe× _v‡K| mieivnK…Z g~jab Øviv cÖwZôvb i‡q‡Q| wZwb Zvi mwÂZ A_© Øviv
`vq cwi‡kva bv n‡j gvwj‡Ki e¨w³MZ m¤úwË K‡j‡Ri mwbœK‡U GKwU fe‡bi wbPZjv fvov
weµq K‡i †`bv †kva Ki‡Z nq| GKgvwjKvbv wb‡q GKwU eo †`vKvb ïi“ Ki‡jb| wZwb †`vKv‡bi
e¨emv‡q gvwjK †hgb GKv mg¯— gybvdv †fvM 1g As‡k †÷kbvwi, 2q As‡k d‡UvKwc †gwkb I 3q
K‡ib, wVK †Zgwb mg¯— `vqI Zv‡KB enb Ki‡Z As‡k †gvevBj e¨vswKs‡qi e¨emvq ïi“ Ki‡jb| wg. P
nq| Zvi wZb fvB‡K †`vKv‡bi wZbwU As‡ki
`vwqZ¡ cÖ`vb Ki‡jb| Aíw`‡bi g‡a¨ Zvi cÖwZwôZ
( ÔPvi“Kvi“Õ GKwU GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq
e¨emvqwU mdjZv AR©b K‡i| [wm. †ev. 16]
cÖwZôvb|
A K. e¨emv‡qi cÖavb D‡Ïk¨ Kx? 1
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq ej‡Z †h e¨emvq GKRb e¨w³i
L. GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi gvwj‡Ki Amxg
gvwjKvbvq cÖwZwôZ, cwiPvwjZ I wbqwš¿Z nq
`vq ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
Zv‡K †evSvq| G e¨emv‡q gvwjK GKvB me `vqfvi
M. wg. P -Gi e¨emvqwU gvwjKvbvi wfwˇZ
enb Ges jvf-†jvKmvb †fvM K‡i|
†Kvb ai‡bi? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3
Rbve †mwjg Zvi ÔPvi“Kvi“Õ bv‡gi †`vKvbwU
N. wg. P -Gi e¨emv‡qi mdjZv jv‡f e¨emv‡qi
wbR¯^ ZË¡veavb I wbqš¿‡Yi gva¨‡g cwiPvjbv
†¶Î I ¯’vb wbe©vP‡bi f‚wgKv g~j¨vqb
K‡ib| GLv‡b wZwb Zvi wb‡Ri AuvKv Qwe wewµ
K‡ib| wZwb Pvi“Kjv K‡jR †_‡K øvZK cvm K‡i K‡iv| 4
¯^í cuywR wb‡q GKKfv‡eB †`vKvb Ly‡j‡Qb| G 9 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi A
e¨emv‡qi gybvdv wZwb GKvB †fvM K‡ib| ( e¨emv‡qi cÖavb D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv gybvdv AR©b Kiv|
ZvQvov, Rbve †mwjg Zvi e¨emv‡qi me SuywK I ( e¨emv‡q Amxg `vq ej‡Z †evSvq e¨emv‡q
hZUzKz `vq-`vwqZ¡ m„wó nq Zvi meUzKzB
eÅemvq msMVb I eÅeÕ©vcbv: cÉ^g cò  evQvBK‡Z ˆmiv gvGbi cÉk² I Dîi: m†Rbkxj iPbvgƒjK 51
gvwjK‡K enb Ki‡Z nq, hvi †Kv‡bv mxgv ((( Rbve ivbv ¯^í cuywR wb‡q wmqvgy‡bi g‡Zv
wbw`©ó _v‡K bv| wejvmeûj †nv‡Uj _vKv m‡Ë¡I wek¦we`¨vjq PZ¡‡i
e¨emv‡qi †`bvi Rb¨ gvwj‡Ki e¨w³MZ m¤úwË GKwU †nv‡Uj w`‡jb| †mLv‡b wZwb 25 UvKvq
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weµq K‡i †`bv †kva Ki‡Z nq| GKgvwjKvbv cwieZ©b G‡b bZzb bZzb fv‡jv ¯^v‡`i Lvevi H
e¨emv‡q gvwjK †hgb GKv mg¯— gybvdv †fvM `v‡g wewµ K‡ib| G‡Z Zvi e¨emvqwU `ª“Z
K‡ib, wVK †Zgwb mg¯— `vq Zv‡KB enb Ki‡Z RbwcÖq n‡q I‡V| [e. †ev. 16]
nq| A K. g~jab Kx? 1
( wg. P-Gi e¨emvqwU gvwjKvbvi wfwˇZ L. evsjv‡`‡ki Avg`vwb evwYR¨ †Kb
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M. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z e¨emvqwU †Kvb ai‡bi
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq ej‡Z †h e¨emv‡q GKRbgvÎ
e¨emvq? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3
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`vwqZ¡ Amxg|
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eÅemvq msMVb 1g
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e¨emv‡qi Aš—M©Z| Avg`vwb Kivi Rb¨ Avg`vwb evwYR¨ ¸i“Z¡c~Y©|
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mdjZv Avm‡e bv| e¨emvq cÖwZôv K‡ib| wZwb e¨emvqwUi GKgvÎ
wg. P K‡jR, e¨vsK I wkí cÖwZôv‡bi Kv‡Q Zvi gvwjK| e¨emv‡q wZwb GKKfv‡e g~jab
mwÂZ A_© Øviv GKwU GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq wewb‡qvM K‡i‡Qb| e¨emv‡q jvf n‡j wZwb GKvB
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µq I d‡UvKwc Ki‡e| e¨vsK I wkí cÖwZôvbI Zv‡`i
GwU wbtm‡›`‡n GKwU GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq|
Kv‡Qi cÖwZôvb †_‡K µq Ki‡e| GQvov †gvevBj
e¨vswKs‡qi gva¨‡g mn‡RB A_© Av`vb-cÖ`vb ( Rbve ivbvi e¨emvqwU GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi
Ki‡Z cvi‡e| ZvB GwU wg. P-Gi e¨emv‡qi Rb¨ e¨w³MZ ˆewkó¨ cÖ`k©‡bi my‡hvM _vKvi d‡j `ª“Z
GKwU AbyK‚j ¯’vb| RbwcÖq n‡q I‡V‡Q|
wg. P h_v‡hvM¨ ¯’v‡b Zvi e¨emvqwU ïi“ K‡i‡Qb, GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq we‡k¦i me‡P‡q RbwcÖq
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ˆewk‡ó¨i f‚wgKv i‡q‡Q| e¨w³MZ ˆbcyY¨ cÖ`k©‡bi
jv‡f e¨emv‡qi †¶Î I ¯’vb wbe©vPb ¸i“Z¡c~Y©
my‡hvM Ggwb GKwU ˆewkó¨|
f‚wgKv †i‡L‡Q|
 52 eÅemvq msMVb I eÅeÕ©vcbv: cÉ^g cò  evQvBK‡Z ˆmiv gvGbi cÉk² I Dîi: m†Rbkxj iPbvgƒjK
Rbve ivbv ¯^í cuywR wb‡q GKwU †nv‡Uj DÏxc‡K Rbve mvBdzj †`‡ki wewfbœ AÂj †_‡K
e¨emvq ïi“ K‡ib| wek¦we`¨vj‡q wmqvgy‡bi g‡Zv gvQ wK‡b Av‡bb| †mB gvQ XvKvi wewfbœ
wejvmeûj †nv‡Uj _vKv m‡Ë¡I Rbve ivbvi evRv‡i mieivn K‡ib| cÙv I †gNbv b`xi Bwjk
†nv‡UjwU RbwcÖq n‡q I‡V‡Q| wZwb gvÎ 25 gv‡Qi Pvwn`v †ewk _vKvq Zvi e¨emvqwU w`b
UvKvq 6wU AvB‡U‡gi mv‡_ 1 †cU fvZ wewµ w`b mg„w×i w`‡K hv‡”Q| Rbve mvBdzj gvQ
K‡ib| Lvev‡ii G †gby¨Uv †hgb m¯—v †Zgwb wb‡q e¨emvq K‡ib| gvQ GKwU cPbkxj cY¨|
AwfbeI e‡U| wZwb MZvbyMwZK †iwmwci myZivs ejv hvq, wZwb Zvi e¨emv‡qi †¶Î wn‡m‡e
cwieZ©b K‡i fvZ wewµ K‡ib| †iwmwci ÔcPbkxj c‡Y¨i e¨emvqÕ wbe©vPb K‡i‡Qb|
cwieZ©bB ivbvi †nv‡U‡ji e¨emvqwU‡K ( GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi gva¨‡g †`‡ki m¤ú‡`i
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Rbve ivbv GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq cwiPvjbv K‡ib| ¶z`ª GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq †fv³v I Rbmvavi‡Yi
G‡Z wZwb Zvi m„RbkxjZv Ges e¨w³MZ ˆbcyY¨ AwZ Kv‡Q Ae¯’vb Kivq cY¨ I †mevi Pvwn`v ev
cÖ`k©‡bi my‡hvM cvb| ZvB wZwb †fv³v‡`i evRvi m„wó‡Z ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f‚wgKv iv‡L| G‡Z
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`ª“Z RbwcÖq n‡q I‡V‡Q| e¨emvq| wZwb †`‡ki wewfbœ AÂj †_‡K gvQ
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cò

e¨emv‡qi †Kvb †¶‡Îi Aš—M©Z? e¨vL¨v Rbve mvBdzj cÙv I †gNbvi Bwjk gvQ meivn Kivq
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hyw³mn †Zvgvi gZvgZ `vI| 4 m¤ú‡`i mylg eÈb Kiv m¤¢e|
11 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi ((( RvwKi †nv‡mb `yBRb Kg©x wb‡q †`‡ki
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G‡¶‡Î e¨emv‡q hZUzKz `vq-`vwqZ¡ m„wó nq Zvi MÖn‡Yi wPš—vfvebv Ki‡Qb| [XvKv K‡jR]
meUzKz gvwjK‡K enb Ki‡Z nq| hvi †Kv‡bv mxgv A K. Askx`vwi e¨emvq Kv‡K e‡j? 1
wbw`©ó _v‡K bv| Gi Rb¨ gvwj‡Ki e¨w³MZ A L. Askx`vwi e¨emv‡qi `vq Amxg †Kb? 2
m¤úwËI †¶Îwe‡k‡l `vqe× _v‡K| mieivnK…Z A M. DÏxc‡Ki RvwKi †nv‡mb †Kvb ai‡bi
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gvwj‡Ki e¨w³MZ m¤úwË weµq K‡i †`bv †kva K‡iv| 3
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M©Z| A 12 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
KwZcq cY¨mvgMÖx Av‡Q †h¸‡jvi ¯’vwqZ¡ LyeB ( `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK e¨w³ †¯^”Qvq g~jab
Kg Ges `ª“Z cPbkxj| Gme †¶‡Î GKgvwjKvbv wewb‡qvM K‡i Pzw³i wfwˇZ †h e¨emvq M‡o
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djg~j, `ya, kvKmewR BZ¨vw`i e¨emvq|
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( Askx`vwi e¨emv‡q wewb‡qvMK…Z g~ja‡bi cÖ¯‘Z K‡i cieZx©‡Z Hme cY¨ †`vKv‡b †Zv‡jb|
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Amxg `vq e‡j| A wZwb e¨emvq DbœwZ jvf K‡i| [nwj µm K‡jR, XvKv]
Amxg `v‡qi Kvi‡Y †`bv cwi‡kv‡ai Rb¨ e¨emvwqK A K. BGMEA-Gi c~Y© iƒc †j‡Lv| 1
m¤ú` ch©vß bv n‡j Askx`vi‡`i e¨w³MZ m¤ú`I A L. b~¨bZg g~jab ev b~¨bZg Puv`v ej‡Z Kx
`vqe× _v‡K| †Kv‡bv Askx`vi †`Dwjqv n‡j Zvi `vq †evSvq? 2
Aewkó Askx`vi‡`i enb Ki‡Z nq| GRb¨ Askx`vwi A M. GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi †Kvb ˆewkó¨wU
e¨emv‡qi `vq Amxg nq| DÏxc‡Ki e¨emvqx‡K cÖwZwôZ e¨emvqx
n‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i‡Q? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3
( DÏxc‡K RvwKi †nv‡mb GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi
A N. DÏxc‡Ki cwiw¯’wZ‡Z GKgvwjKvbv
gva¨‡g e¨emvq ïi“ K‡ib| A
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13 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
D‡`¨v‡M MwVZ nq| gvwjK GKvB g~jab
wewb‡qvM K‡ib| ( BGMEA-Gi c~Y© iƒc n‡jv Bangladesh Garment
Manfacturers and Exporters Association| A
DÏxc‡K RvwKi †nv‡mb †`‡ki wewfbœ A‡j
Drcvw`Z †gŠmywg dj msMÖn K‡i XvKvq wewµ
†cvkvK cÖ¯‘ZKviK I ißvwbKviK wb‡R‡`i e¨emvwqK
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KvQ †_‡K A_© msMÖn K‡i e¨emv‡q wewb‡qvM e‡j|
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RvwKi †nv‡mb ¸`vgRvZKi‡Yi gva¨‡g e¨emv‡qi c~i‡Y e¨_© nb| G Ae¯’vq wZwb wbqwgZ †µZv‡`i
SuywK Kgv‡Z cvi‡eb| KvQ †_‡K civgk© wb‡q Pvwn`vm¤úbœ cY¨¸‡jv
((( D`¨gx hyeK mykvš— 25,000 UvKv avi K‡i †`vKv‡b †Zv‡jb| d‡j wKQyw`‡bi g‡a¨ Zvi
†gvU 50,000 UvKvi cY¨ mvgMÖx wK‡b gyw` †`vKv‡bi weµq ev‡o| †µZv‡`i mv‡_ cÖZ¨¶
†`vKvb mvwR‡q e¨emv ïi“ K‡ib| ¯^í cyuwRi m¤úK© _vKvq mykv‡š—i bZzb cY¨ †`vKv‡b
Kvi‡Y Zvi †`vKv‡b ch©vß cY¨ mvgMÖx †bB| d‡j †Zvjvi wm×vš— wb‡Z Kg mgq e¨q n‡q‡Q|
wZwb fxlY wPwš—Z n‡q c‡ob| GgZve¯’vq myZivs, Zvi `ª“Z wm×vš— MÖnY ¶gZv Zv‡K
K‡qKRb wbqwgZ †µZvi civg‡k© wZwb †hme cÖwZwôZ e¨emvqx n‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i‡Q|
cY¨ mieivn Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv Zvi GKwU ZvwjKv
 54 eÅemvq msMVb I eÅeÕ©vcbv: cÉ^g cò  evQvBK‡Z ˆmiv gvGbi cÉk² I Dîi: m†Rbkxj iPbvgƒjK
( DÏxc‡Ki cwiw¯’wZ‡Z GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq ( DÏxc‡K wg. iÄyi †fv³v‡`i Kv‡Q mybvg I
wbe©vPb Kiv †hŠw³K n‡q‡Q e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi| †hvMv‡hvM GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi ÔcÖZ¨¶
A m¤úK©Õ ˆewkó¨‡K wb‡`©k K‡i| A
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq GKK gvwj‡Ki Aax‡b GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡q gvwj‡Ki mv‡_ Kg©Pvix I
MwVZ, cwiPvwjZ I wbqwš¿Z nq| G e¨emvq MV‡b MÖvn‡Ki mivmwi m¤úK© _v‡K| e¨emv‡qi cwiwa
†Zgb †Kv‡bv AvbyôvwbKZv †bB e‡j GwU MVb †QvU nIqvq gvwjK wb‡RB e¨emvq cwiPvjbv
Kiv A‡bK mnR| GRb¨ †h †KD ¯^ícyuwR wb‡q G K‡ib| G‡Z wZwb MÖvnK‡`i cQ›` I i“wP m¤ú‡K©
e¨emvq MVb Ki‡Z cv‡i| aviYv AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡ib| d‡j †fv³v‡`i mv‡_
DÏxc‡K mykvš— 50,000 UvKv wb‡q GKwU gyw` mym¤úK© M‡o I‡V|
†`vKvb †`b| cÖ_‡g wZwb †µZv‡`i Pvwn`v DÏxc‡K wg. iÄy BDwbK †UBjv‡m©i KvwiMi
Abyhvqx cY¨ mieiv‡n e¨_© nb| cieZ©x‡Z †µZv‡`i wn‡m‡e KvR K‡ib| wZwb †fv³v‡`i cQ‡›`i
civgk© wb‡q †`vKv‡b cY¨ †Zv‡jb| G‡Z Zvi wWRvBb Abyhvqx †h‡Kv‡bv ai‡bi †cvkvK ˆZwi
e¨emv‡qi weµq ev‡o| d‡j †m ax‡i ax‡i DbœwZ jvf Ki‡Z cv‡ib| GRb¨ KvwiMi wn‡m‡e Zvi mybvg I
Ki‡Z cv‡ib| †fv³v‡`i mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM i‡q‡Q| G¸‡jv
DÏxc‡Ki mykvš— ¯^í g~jab wb‡q e¨emvqwU GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi cÖZ¨¶ m¤úK© ˆewkó¨‡K
MVb K‡ib| gyw` †`vKvbwU w`‡Z Zv‡K †Kv‡bv wb‡`©k K‡i|
Sv‡gjv †cvnv‡Z nqwb| GQvovI wZwb `ª“Z wm×vš ( DÏxc‡K wg. iÄy KZ©„c‡¶i AbygwZ wb‡q
— wb‡q †`vKv‡b c‡Y¨i ˆewPΨ Av‡bb| d‡j †m GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq msMVb ¯’vcb K‡i‡Qb| A
mn‡RB e¨emv‡q mdjZv †c‡q‡Qb| ZvB ejv hvq, GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq GKK e¨w³i gvwjKvbvq
mykv‡š—i GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq wbe©vPb Kiv MwVZ I cwiPvwjZ nq| †h‡Kv‡bv e¨w³ ¯^í cyuwR
hyw³hy³| wb‡q G e¨emvq ïi“ Ki‡Z cv‡ib| gvwjK Zvi
mn‡hvwMZvi Rb¨ Kg©Pvix wb‡qvM Ki‡Z
eÅemvq msMVb 1g

((( wg. iÄy BDwbK †UBjv‡m©i KvwiMi wn‡m‡e cvi‡eb| Z‡e e¨emv‡qi jvf-¶wZ gvwjK GKvB enb
KvR K‡ib| wZwb †fv³vi wWRvBb Abyhvqx K‡ib|
†h‡Kv‡bv ai‡bi †cvkvK ˆZwi Ki‡Z cv‡ib| GRb¨ DÏxc‡K wg. iÄy BDwbK †UBjv‡m©i GKRb
cò

Zvi KvwiMi wn‡m‡e mybvg I †fv³v‡`i mv‡_ KvwiMi| wZwb †fv³v‡`i cQ‡›`i wWRvBb
†hvMv‡hvM i‡q‡Q| GLb wZwb 5 Rb KvwiMi Abyhvqx †h‡Kv‡bv ai‡bi †cvkvK ˆZwi Ki‡Z
wb‡q KZ©„c‡¶i wbKU †_‡K jvB‡mÝ msMÖn cv‡ib| GRb¨ Zvi mybvg i‡q‡Q Ges †fv³v‡`i mv‡_
K‡i wb‡RB †UBjv‡m©i e¨emvq Ki‡Qb|
[weqvg g‡Wj ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, e¸ov]
†hvMv‡hvM i‡q‡Q| wZwb cuvPRb Kg©Pvix
A K. wkí Kx? 1 wb‡q KZ©„c‡¶i KvQ †_‡K †UªW jvB‡mÝ
A L. GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡q gvwj‡Ki `vq Amxg msMÖn K‡i wb‡RB †UBjvm© e¨emvq ïi“ K‡ib|
†Kb? 2 wg. iÄy GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq ïi“ K‡i‡Qb| wZwb
A M. DÏxc‡K wg. iÄyi †fv³v‡`i Kv‡Q mybvg I KvwiMi wn‡m‡e mybvg AR©b Kivi ci wb‡RB
†hvMv‡hvM GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi †Kvb †UBjvm© †`Iqvi wPš—v K‡ib| G e¨emvq MV‡bi
ai‡bi ˆewkó¨? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3 Rb¨ Zv‡K †Kv‡bv Sv‡gjv †cvnv‡Z nq bv|
A N. DÏxc‡K wg. iÄy KZ©„c‡¶i AbygwZ wb‡q KZ©„c‡¶i KvQ †_‡K †UªW jvB‡mÝ msMÖn K‡i
Kx ai‡bi e¨emvq msMVb ¯’vcb Ki‡Z wZwb mn‡RB G e¨emvq ïi“ Ki‡Z cv‡ib| ZvB ejv
cv‡ib? Zzwg Zv g~j¨vqb K‡iv| 4 hvq, wg. iÄy KZ©„c‡¶i AbygwZ wb‡q
14 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq ¯’vcb Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
( cÖvK…wZK m¤ú`‡K cÖwµqvRv‡Zi gva¨‡g
gvby‡li e¨envi‡hvM¨ c‡Y¨ cÖ¯‘Z Kivi cÖwµqv‡K ((( A‡_©i Afv‡e D”P gva¨wgK cvm Kivi ci wkgy‡ji
wkí e‡j| A cov‡kvbv eÜ n‡q hvq| †m Aí wKQy Rgv‡bv UvKv
wb‡q evRv‡i †gŠmywg d‡ji e¨emvq kyi“ K‡i| MZ
( e¨emv‡qi Amxg `vq ej‡Z wewb‡qvMK…Z
eQi igRvb gv‡m †m dj wewµ eÜ K‡i BdZvi
g~ja‡bi evB‡iI `vq enb Kiv‡K †evSvq| A
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡q gvwjK GKvB me gybvdv mvgMÖx Ges C‡`i GK mßvn c~‡e© †m Avevi
†fvM K‡ib| wVK †Zgwb `vqI Zv‡KB enb Ki‡Z BdZvi mvgMÖx ev` w`‡q cvÄvwe Uzwc BZ¨vw`
nq| e¨emv‡qi †`bvi Rb¨ gvwj‡Ki e¨w³MZ m¤úwË wewµ K‡i| G‡Z †m AvkvZxZ mvdj¨ cvq| wkgyj
†¶Î we‡k‡l `vqe× _v‡K| mieivnK…Z g~jab Øviv wVK K‡i‡Q GLb †_‡K †m mg‡qvc‡hvMx c‡Y¨i
`vq cwi‡kva bv n‡j gvwj‡Ki e¨w³MZ m¤úwË †ePv‡Kbv Ki‡e| [Kv‡j±‡iU ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, iscyi]
wewµ K‡i †`bv †kva Ki‡Z nq| GwUB A K. GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq Kv‡K e‡j? 1
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi Amxg `vq| A L. AvPi‡Y AbywgZ Askx`vi ej‡Z Kx †evS? 2
eÅemvq msMVb I eÅeÕ©vcbv: cÉ^g cò  evQvBK‡Z ˆmiv gvGbi cÉk² I Dîi: m†Rbkxj iPbvgƒjK 55
A M. DÏxc‡Ki wkgy‡ji Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g †gŠmy‡g G‡KK c‡Y¨i Pvwn`v †ewk _v‡K| †m
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi myweavi cÖavb Abyhvqx cY¨ cwieZ©b K‡i †gŠmyg Abyhvqx cY¨
†Kvb w`KwU dz‡U D‡V‡Q? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| wbe©vPb K‡i e¨emvq cwiPvjbv Ki‡j AwaK jvfevb
3 nIqv hvq| Ab¨ †Kv‡bv ai‡bi e¨emv‡q cY¨
A N. DÏxc‡Ki wkgy‡ji Dcjwä‡K Zzwg wK cwieZ©b mn‡R m¤¢e bq| DÏxc‡Ki wkgyjI Gfv‡e
h_v_© g‡b K‡iv? hyw³ `vI| 4 †gŠmyg Abyhvqx cY¨ †Kbv‡ePv Ki‡Z Pvq|
15 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi myZivs Zvi wm×vš—wU h_v_©|
( GKK e¨w³i gvwjKvbvq MwVZ, cwiPvwjZ I
((( wiqvR GKwU e¨emv cÖwZôv‡bi
wbqwš¿Z e¨emvq‡K GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq e‡j| A
¯^Z¡vwaKvix| wiqvR e¨emvwqK FY wb‡q cY¨ µq
( †Kv‡bv e¨w³ AvPi‡Yi gva¨‡g wb‡R‡K e¨emv‡qi K‡ib Ges AwaK jv‡fi Avkvq evwK‡Z cY¨ wewµ
Askx`vi wn‡m‡e cwiPq w`‡j Zv‡K AvPi‡Y K‡ib| †`vKvb`v‡ii KvQ †_‡K h_vmg‡q UvKv
AbywgZ Askx`vi e‡j| A Av`v‡q e¨_© n‡j cvIbv`vi‡`i‡KI †`bv cwi‡kv‡a
G Askx`vi †gŠwLK K_vevZ©v, †jLv ev AvPi‡Yi e¨_© nb| d‡j e¨emv‡qi mKj `vq GKKfv‡e Zv‡K
Øviv wb‡R‡K e¨emv‡qi Askx`vi e‡j cwiPq †`q| enb Ki‡Z nq| eQi †k‡l wZwb e¨w³MZ m¤úwË
A‡bK †¶‡Î e¨emvwqK ¯^v‡_© G ai‡bi cwiPq wewµ K‡i FY I cvIbv`vi‡`i †`bv cwi‡kva K‡ib|
†`Iqvi cÖ‡qvRb c‡o| Zvi AvPi‡Yi Øviv cÖfvweZ [j²xcyi miKvwi K‡jR]
n‡q Z…Zxq c¶ †Kv‡bv FY w`‡j Zvi Rb¨ AvPi‡Y A K. e¨emv‡qi mnvqK †mev Kx? 1
AbywgZ Askx`vi `vqe× nq| A L. WTO-Gi KvR Kx? 2
( DÏxc‡K wkgy‡ji Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g GKgvwjKvbv A M. wiqvR-Gi e¨emv‡qi mxgve×Zv¸‡jv
e¨emv‡qi wbw`©ó †¶ÎMZ myweavi w`KwU dz‡U Av‡jvPbv K‡iv| 3
D‡V‡Q| A A N. GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq cwiPvjbvq wiqvR

eÅemvq msMVb 1g
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq GKRb gvwjK KZ©„K e¨_©Zvi KviY¸‡jv we‡klY K‡iv| 4
MwVZ, cwiPvwjZ I wbqwš¿Z nq| GRb¨ G e¨emvq 16 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
mvaviYZ ¶z`ª AvqZ‡bi n‡q _v‡K| cwi‡ek ( e¨emvq ¯’vcb, cwiPvjbv I wbqš¿‡Yi †hme

cò
cwiw¯’wZ we‡ePbv K‡i gvwjK myweav I Avw_©K I Abvw_©K mvnvh¨ e¨emv‡qi Rb¨
cQ›`vbyhvqx G e¨emv‡qi †¶Î wbe©vPb Ki‡Z cv‡i| AbyK‚j cwi‡ek m„wó K‡i Zv‡K e¨emv‡qi mnvqK
DÏxc‡Ki wkgyj Aí wKQy UvKv w`‡q †gŠmywg †mev e‡j| A
d‡ji e¨emvq K‡i| G ai‡bi e¨emv‡qi ¯’vwqZ¡ Lye ( wek¦-evwYR¨‡K mK‡ji Rb¨ Kj¨vYKi Ki‡Z †h
Kg| gvwjK B”Qv Ki‡jB we‡jvcmvab Ki‡Z cv‡i| G cÖwZôvb me‡P‡q †ewk cÖfvekvjx f‚wgKv
myweavi Rb¨ wkgyj Zvi †gŠmywg d‡ji e¨emvq eÜ †i‡L‡Q Zv n‡jv WTO| A
K‡i cvÄvwe, Uzwc BZ¨vw` wewµ ïi“ K‡i| myZivs wek¦evwYR¨ e¨e¯’v‡K mymsnZ Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨B
e¨emvqwU GKgvwjKvbv nIqv‡Z †m mn‡RB Zvi WTO MVb Kiv nq| GwU Gi m`m¨fz³ wewfbœ †`‡ki
e¨emv‡qi †¶Î cwieZ©b Kivi myweav †c‡q‡Q| ga¨Kvi evwYwR¨K wewfbœ we‡iva wb®úwË K‡i|
( DÏxc‡Ki wkgyj †gŠmyg Abyhvqx mgq Dc‡hvMx wek¦e¨vcx evwYwR¨K Av‡jvPbvi GKwU †dvivg
cY¨ †Kbv‡ePvi wm×vš— MÖn‡Yi Dcjwä‡K wn‡m‡e GwU `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i| Dbœqbkxj †`k¸‡jv
Avwg h_v_© g‡b Kwi| A G †dviv‡g wb‡R‡`i `vwe Zz‡j ai‡Z cv‡i|
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq †¶ÎMZ myweavi g‡Zv ( DÏxc‡K wiqv‡Ri GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡q
KwZcq we‡kl myweav GK‡PwUqvfv‡e †fvM K‡i †ekwKQy mxgve×Zv i‡q‡Q| A
_v‡K| G e¨emvqwU mn‡R cwieZ©bkxj| G‡Z GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq GKRb e¨w³i gvwjKvbvq
e¨w³MZ ˆbcyY¨ cÖ`k©‡bi my‡hvM _v‡K| mxwgZ cÖwZwôZ, cwiPvwjZ I wbqwš¿Z nq| G e¨emv‡q
cwim‡i †h †KD G e¨emvq MVb Ki‡Z cv‡i| `vq Amxg nq| ¯’vwq‡Z¡i Afve Ges GKK SuywK I
DÏxc‡K wkgyj cÖ_‡g †gŠmywg d‡ji e¨emvq ïi“ g~ja‡bi Afve cwijw¶Z nq| Gme Amyweavi Kvi‡Y
K‡i| MZ eQi igRvb gv‡m †m dj wewµi e¨emvq eÜ cieZ©x mg‡q Ab¨vb¨ e¨emvq msMVb M‡o
K‡i cvÄvwe, Uzwc BZ¨vw` weµq ïi“ K‡ib| G‡Z D‡V‡Q|
†m †ek jvfevbI nq| GLv‡b †m mn‡RB e¨emv‡q DÏxc‡K wiqvR GKwU e¨emvq cÖwZôv‡bi gvwjK|
†¶Î cwieZ©b K‡i bZzb ai‡bi cY¨ wb‡q e¨emvq ïi“ wZwb GKvB G e¨emvq cwiPvjbv I wbqš¿Y K‡ib|
K‡i| Zvi G e¨emvqwU GKwU GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq|
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq ¯^í cwim‡i ¯^ícyuwR wb‡q cyuwRi ¯^íZvi Kvi‡Y wZwb FY wb‡q e¨emv‡q
MwVZ nq e‡j G e¨emv‡qi cY¨ mn‡R cwieZ©b wewb‡qvM K‡ib| cieZ©x‡Z G FY cwi‡kva Ki‡Z
K‡i bZzb cY¨ wb‡q KvR Kiv hvq| G‡KK e¨_© n‡j wZwb e¨w³MZ m¤úwË weµq K‡i FY
cwi‡kva K‡ib| G¸‡jv GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi
 56 eÅemvq msMVb I eÅeÕ©vcbv: cÉ^g cò  evQvBK‡Z ˆmiv gvGbi cÉk² I Dîi: m†Rbkxj iPbvgƒjK
Amyweav ev mxgve×Zvi mv‡_ msMwZc~Y©| †d‡j| ZvB †h‡Kv‡bv †`‡ki mve©‡fŠgZ¡ H †`‡ki
myZivs, wiqv‡Ri e¨emv‡qi cyuwRi ¯^íZv, Amxg e¨emv‡qi Rb¨ ¸i“Z¡c~Y©|
`vq GB `yBwU mxgve×Zv i‡q‡Q| ( gvwjKvbvi wfwˇZ DÏxc‡Ki e¨emvqwU
( e¨emvwqK FY MÖnY Ges evwK‡Z cY¨ weµ‡qi GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq msMVb| A
Rb¨ GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq cwiPvjbvq wiqvR e¨_© GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq GKK e¨w³i gvwjKvbvq
n‡q‡Qb| A MwVZ I cwiPvwjZ nq| gvwjK wb‡RB G e¨emv‡q
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡q gvwjK GKvB g~jab mieivn me g~jab wewb‡qvM K‡ib| e¨emv‡qi me gybvdv
K‡ib| wbR¯^ Znwe‡ji cvkvcvwk cÖ‡qvRb n‡j wZwb GKB †fvM K‡ib| SzuwKI GKvB enb K‡ib|
wZwb AvÍxq-¯^Rb, eÜyevÜe A_ev e¨vsK †_‡K DÏxc‡K mZ¨wRr Kg©Kvi K…wl KvR‡K RxweKv
FY wb‡q e¨emv‡q wewb‡qvM Ki‡Z cv‡ib| wn‡m‡e †e‡Q †bb| D”Pwk¶vq wkw¶Z nIqvi
DÏxc‡K wiqvR e¨emvwqK FY wb‡q cY¨ µq K‡ib| Kvi‡Y wZwb wbR `¶Zvq AvaywbK K…wl Lvgvi
AwaK jv‡fi Avkvq †m¸‡jv evwK‡Z weµq K‡ib| M‡o †Zv‡jb| wb‡RB cyuwR wewb‡qvM K‡ib|
†`vKvb`v‡ii KvQ †_‡K wVK mg‡q UvKv Av`vq wZwb †h‡nZz GKvB me cyuwR wewb‡qvM K‡ib,
Ki‡Z bv cvivq wZwb †`bv cwi‡kv‡aI e¨_© nb| ZvB LvgviwUi gvwjK wZwb GKvB| Gme ˆewkó¨
wiqvR Zvi me wbR¯^ A_© e¨emv‡q wewb‡qvM GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y©|
K‡ib| ZvB cieZ©x‡Z FY wb‡q cY¨ µq Ki‡Z nq| myZivs ejv hvq, gvwjKvbvi wfwˇZ mZ¨wRr
†mB cY¨ wZwb evwK‡Z weµq K‡ib| ZvB A‡_©i Kg©Kv‡ii e¨emvqwU GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq|
Afv‡e wZwb mgqg‡Zv F‡Yi Avmj I my`
cwi‡kv‡a e¨_© nb| d‡j Zv‡K e¨w³MZ m¤úwË ( ¯’vbMZ Dc‡hvM m„wói gva¨‡g DÏxc‡Ki
weµq K‡i †`bv cwi‡kva Ki‡Z nq| myZivs ejv hvq, cvk¦©eZ©x kn‡i evRvi m„wó Kiv m¤¢e| A
wiqvR Zvi e¨emv‡qi ¯^ícyuwR I evwK‡Z weµq Drcv`bKvix I †fvMKvixi ga¨Kvi ¯’vbMZ Dc‡hvM
Kivi Rb¨ mdjZv AR©‡b e¨_© nb| m„wó Kiv nq cwien‡bi gva¨‡g| Gi d‡j GK ¯’v‡b
eÅemvq msMVb 1g

Drcvw`Z cY¨ Ab¨ ¯’v‡bi †fv³v‡`i Kv‡Q

((( K…wl‡¶‡Î Acvi m¤¢vebvi K_v eyS‡Z †c‡i †cuŠQv‡bv hvq| Gi gva¨‡g e¨emv‡qi m¤úÖmviY
D”Pwk¶v MÖnY Kivi ciI mZ¨wRr Kg©Kvi PvKwi Kiv m¤¢e nq|
cò

bv wb‡q K…wlKvR‡K RxweKv wn‡m‡e †e‡Q DÏxc‡K mZ¨wRr Kg©Kvi GKRb D”Pwk¶vq
wb‡q‡Qb| wbR cyuwR I `¶Zvq M‡o Zz‡j‡Qb wkw¶Z hyeK| wZwb K…wl KvR‡K RxweKv
AvaywbK K…wl Lvgvi| exR †_‡K Pviv Drcv`b, wn‡m‡e †e‡Q †bb| wbR cyuwR I `¶Zvq M‡o
wWg †_‡K nuvm-gyiwMi ev”Pv Drcv`b BZ¨vw`i Zz‡j‡Qb AvaywbK K…wl Lvgvi| Zvi Lvgv‡i exR
gva¨‡g Zvi e¨vcK Kg©hÁ ïi“ n‡q‡Q| m¤úÖwZ †_‡K Pviv Drcv`b, wWg †_‡K nuvm-gyiwMi
cvk¦©eZx© kn‡i wZwb Zvi Drcvw`Z cY¨ ev”Pv Drcv`b BZ¨vw` KvR P‡j| m¤úÖwZ wZwb
evRviRvZ Kivi D‡`¨vM wb‡q‡Qb| [Rvjvjvev` cvk¦©eZ©x kn‡i Drcvw`Z cY¨¸‡jv evRviRvZ Kivi
K¨v›Ub‡g›U cvewjK ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, wm‡jU]
D‡`¨vM wb‡q‡Qb|
A K. e¨emvq Kx? 1
DÏxc‡Ki mZ¨wRZ Kg©Kv‡ii G D‡`¨vM mdj n‡e
A L. mve©‡fŠgZ¡ e¨emv‡qi Rb¨ ¸i“Z¡c~Y©
†Kb?-e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 2 ¯’vbMZ Dc‡hvM m„wói gva¨‡g| Drcv`bKvix I
A M. gvwjKvbvi wfwˇZ DÏxc‡Ki e¨emvqwU †fvMKvixi g‡a¨ ¯’vbMZ `~iZ¡ evwY‡R¨i †¶‡Î
†Kvb ai‡bi?-e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3 evavi m„wó K‡i| cwien‡bi gva¨‡g G evav `~i Kiv
A N. †Kvb ai‡bi Dc‡hvM m„wói gva¨‡g hvq| Gi gva¨‡g GK ¯’vb †_‡K Ab¨ ¯’v‡b cY¨
cvk¦©eZx© kn‡i evRvi m„wó Kiv m¤¢e? †cuŠQv‡bv hvq| mZ¨wRr Kg©Kvi hw` Zvi
we‡klY K‡iv| 4 Drcvw`Z cY¨¸‡jv cv‡ki kn‡i wewµ Ki‡Z Pvb
17 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi Zvn‡j Zv‡K †m¸‡jv cwien‡bi gva¨‡g wb‡q †h‡Z
( gybvdv AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ ˆeafv‡e cwiPvwjZ n‡e| myZivs ejv hvq, ¯’vbMZ Dc‡hvM m„wói
hveZxq A_©‰bwZK KvR‡K e¨emvq e‡j| A gva¨‡g cvk¦©eZ©x kn‡i Drcvw`Z c‡Y¨i evRvi
m„wó Kiv m¤¢e|
( mve©‡fŠgZ¡ ej‡Z †Kv‡bv †`k ev iv‡óªi wb‡Ri
Af¨š—ixY Ges Ab¨vb¨ iv‡óªi mv‡_ m¤úK©
wba©vi‡Yi P‚ovš— ¶gZv‡K †evSvq| A ((( ivwKe kxZKv‡j Uzwc, gvdjvi, K¤^j,
†h †`‡ki mve©‡fŠgZ¡ AbyK‚j bq, †m †`‡k MÖx®§Kv‡j ZvjcvZvi cvLv, i“gvj, MvgQv,
e¨emv‡qi wfZ gReyZ n‡Z cv‡i bv| KviY †Kv‡bv el©vKv‡j QvZv, el©vwZ BZ¨vw` weµq K‡i
†`‡ki evwYR¨ bxwZ, KibxwZ, wewb‡qvMbxwZ| _v‡Kb| GB mKj cY¨ mvgMÖx cPbkxj bv nIqvq
ciivóªbxwZ BZ¨vw` e¨emv‡qi Ici mivmwi cÖfve ivwK‡ei †ek gybvdv n‡q _v‡K| [miKvwi my›`ieb Av`k©
K‡jR, Lyjbv]
eÅemvq msMVb I eÅeÕ©vcbv: cÉ^g cò  evQvBK‡Z ˆmiv gvGbi cÉk² I Dîi: m†Rbkxj iPbvgƒjK 57
A K. e¨emvq Kv‡K e‡j? 1 QvZv, el©vwZ BZ¨vw` weµq K‡ib| Gme cY¨
A L. wkí Kx? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 2 cPbkxj bv nIqvq wZwb †ek gybvdv Ki‡Z cvi‡Qb|
A M. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z ivwK‡ei e¨emvqwU †Kvb GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi gva¨‡g hLb †h c‡Y¨i
ai‡bi e¨emv‡qi Aš—M©Z Ges †Kb? e¨vL¨v Pvwn`v †ewk _v‡K †mB c‡Y¨i e¨emvq MVb Kiv
K‡iv| 3 hvq| G‡Z `ª“Z gybvdv AR©b nq| d‡j GKgvwjKvbv
A N. ivwK‡ei e¨emvq msMV‡bi gva¨‡g †Kvb e¨emvqxiv `ª“Z mdj n‡Z cv‡ib| Zv‡`i mdjZv †`‡L
ai‡bi e¨emvqx DcKvi †fvMx? †`‡ki †`‡ki †eKvi hyeKiv DrmvwnZ nb| Zviv mn‡RB
A_©bxwZ‡Z-Gi cÖfve ms‡¶‡c Av‡jvPbv AwaK Pvwn`v m¤úbœ cY¨¸‡jv msMÖn K‡i
K‡iv| 4 e¨emvq ïi“ Ki‡Z cv‡ib| G‡Z †`‡ki †eKvi mgm¨v
18 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi mgvav‡bi cvkvcvwk gvby‡li A_©ms¯’v‡bi e¨e¯’v
( gybvdv AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ ˆeafv‡e cwiPvwjZ nq| d‡j gvby‡li RxebhvÎvi gv‡bi Dbœqb N‡U| ZvB
hveZxq A_©‰bwZK KvR‡K e¨emvq e‡j| A ejv hvq, †`‡ki A_©bxwZ‡Z GKgvwjKvbv
( †h cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g cÖvK…wZK m¤ú` AvniY e¨emv‡qi cÖfve AZ¨š— ¸i“Z¡c~Y©|
K‡i Zv iƒcvš—i K‡i gvby‡li e¨envi Dc‡hvMx
c‡Y¨ cÖ¯‘Z Kiv nq Zv‡K wkí e‡j| A ((( gy³v XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K e¨emvq
GwU cY¨`ªe¨ I †mevKg© Drcv`b I iƒcvš—i cÖkvm‡b øvZ‡KvËi wWwMÖ AR©b K‡ib| ZvB
cÖwµqvi mv‡_ RwoZ| Gi gva¨‡g cÖvK…wZK wZwb kÖgwefvMKiY, we‡klxKiY m¤ú‡K© fv‡jv
m¤ú` D‡Ëvjb Ges Gi iƒcMZ cwieZ©b Kiv nq| d‡j Rv‡bb| wZwb j¶¨ K‡i‡Qb e¨vcK Drcv`b I
c‡Y¨i bZzb Dc‡hvM m„wó nq| D`vniY- Zzjv †_‡K cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi hy‡MI KwZcq e¨emvq e„n`vqZb
Kvco ˆZwi, myg`ª †_‡K grm¨ AvniY cÖf…wZ| msMV‡bi cvkvcvwk RbwcÖqZvi mv‡_ wU‡K
( DÏxc‡K ewY©Z ivwK‡ei e¨emvqwU Av‡Q Ges mdjfv‡e cwiPvwjZ n‡”Q| ZvB wZwb

eÅemvq msMVb 1g
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi Aš—M©Z| A Giƒc GKwU SuywKi e¨emvq cÖwZôvb Ki‡eb e‡j
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq GKRb gvwjK KZ©„K w¯’i K‡i‡Qb|
[cUzqvLvjx miKvwi gwnjv K‡jR]
MwVZ, cwiPvwjZ I wbqwš¿Z nq| GRb¨ G e¨emvq

cò
A K. Kg SuywKi e¨emvq ej‡Z †Kvb e¨emvq‡K
mvaviYZ ¶z`ª AvqZ‡bi n‡q _v‡K| cwi‡ek
†evSvq? 1
cwiw¯’wZ we‡ePbvq gvwj‡Ki myweav I cQ›`
A L. †MvcbxqZv i¶v I †hvM¨Zvi cÖwZdjb
Abyhvqx gvwjK G e¨emv‡qi †¶Î wbe©vPb Ki‡Z
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi ˆewkó¨ bvwK
cv‡i|
myweav? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 2
DÏxc‡K ivwKe G‡KK FZz‡Z G‡KK c‡Y¨i e¨emvq
A M. gy³vi `„wó‡Z †Kvb e¨emvq msMVb AZ¨š
K‡ib| kxZKv‡j Uzwc, gvdjvi, K¤^j, MÖx®§Kv‡j
— RbwcÖq Ges †Kb? eY©bv K‡iv| 3
ZvjcvZvi cvLv, i“gvj, MvgQv; el©vKv‡j QvZv,
A N. e¨vcK Drcv`b I cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi hy‡MI
el©vwZ BZ¨vw` weµq K‡ib| Gme e¨emvq
e„n`vqZb e¨emv‡qi cvkvcvwk ¶z`ªvqZb
cwiPvjbvq †ewk g~ja‡bi cÖ‡qvRb nq bv| ZvB
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq wU‡K _vKvq cðv‡Z
wZwb Zvi cQ›` Abyhvqx e¨emvq cwieZ©b K‡ib|
gy³vi `„wófw½ g~j¨vqb K‡iv| 4
G mKj cY¨ mvgMÖx cPbkxj bv nIqvq wZwb
19 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
e¨emv‡q mvdj¨ jvf Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Gme ˆewkó¨
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi mv‡_ msMwZc~Y©| ZvB ( Kg SzuwKi e¨emvq ej‡Z GKgvwjKvbv
ejv hvq, ivwK‡ei e¨emvqwU GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq e¨emvq‡K †evSvq| A
msMVb|
GKK e¨w³i gvwjKvbvq MwVZ, cwiPvwjZ I wbqwš¿Z
( ivwK‡ei e¨emvq msMV‡bi gva¨‡g GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq‡K GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq e‡j|
e¨emvqx ev DcKvi‡fvMx| A_©bxwZ‡Z G e¨emvq
BwZevPK cÖfve †d‡j| A ( †MvcbxqZv i¶v I †hvM¨Zvi cÖwZdjb
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi Ab¨Zg †¶Î n‡jv GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi myweav| A
cwieZ©bkxj Pvwn`vi c‡Y¨i e¨emvq| †hme c‡Y¨i †MvcbxqZv i¶v e¨emv‡qi mdjZvi Rb¨ Acwinvh©|
Pvwn`v cwieZ©bkxj G¸‡jvi Drcv`b I eÈb G GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq gvwjK GKB e¨emv‡qi me
e¨emv‡qi gva¨‡g MVb I cwiPvjbv Kiv hvq| G‡Z KvR K‡ib e‡j †MvcbxqZv eRvq ivL‡Z cv‡ib|
`ª“Z gybvdv AR©b Kiv hvq| Avevi G e¨emv‡qi mdjZv g~jZ wbf©i K‡i
DÏxc‡Ki ivwKe kxZKv‡j Uzwc, gvdjvi, K¤^j; gvwj‡Ki e¨emvq cwiPvjbvi †hvM¨Zvi Ici| ZvB ejv
MÖx®§Kv‡j cvLv, i“gvj, MvgQv; el©vKv‡j
 58 eÅemvq msMVb I eÅeÕ©vcbv: cÉ^g cò  evQvBK‡Z ˆmiv gvGbi cÉk² I Dîi: m†Rbkxj iPbvgƒjK
hvq, †MvcbxqZv i¶v I †hvM¨Zvi cÖwZdjb ¯^íZvÕ welqwU gy³vi `„wófw½‡Z cÖfvweZ
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi ˆewkó¨ bq; eis myweav| K‡i‡Q|
( gy³vi `„wó‡Z GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq msMVb ((( wg‡mm jybv Zvi e¨w³MZ Znwej †_‡K 1,00,000
AZ¨š— RbwcÖq| A UvKv wb‡q cuvPRb Kgx©mn Zvi wb‡Ri GjvKvq
GKK e¨w³i gvwjKvbvq GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq GKwU †i÷z‡i›U e¨emvq ïi“ K‡ib| gvbm¤§Z †mev
cÖ`vb Kivq Zvi e¨emvq e¨vcK mvdj¨ Av‡m| †fv³vi
cÖwZwôZ I cwiPvwjZ nq| †h †KD ¯^í cyuwR
Pvwn`v evovq wZwb e¨emvwU‡K m¤úÖmvi‡Yi
wb‡q G e¨emvq MVb I cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z cv‡i|
wm×vš— †bb| hvi Kvi‡Y eÜy gywnZ †_‡K
e¨emv‡qi me gybvdv gvwjK GKvB †fvM K‡i| 50,000 UvKv avi †bb | wKš‘ wg‡mm jybv Amy¯’
DÏxc‡Ki gy³v XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K e¨emvq n‡q covq Zvi e¨emvqwU e‡Üi Dcµg n‡q‡Q|
cÖkvm‡b øvZ‡KvËi †kl K‡ib| wZwb j¶¨ K‡ib †h, GgZve¯’vq eÜy gywnZ Zvi cÖ`Ë A‡_©i Rb¨
eZ©gvb cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi hy‡M e„n`vqZb jybv‡K evi evi ejv m‡Ë¡I jybv `vq cwi‡kv‡a
msMV‡bi cvkvcvwk KwZcq e¨emvq RbwcÖqZvi AcviMZv cÖKvk K‡i| gywnZ cvIbv Av`v‡qi Rb¨
mv‡_ wU‡K Av‡Q Ges mdjfv‡e cwiPvwjZ n‡”Q| Av`vj‡ZI gvgjv Kivi wm×vš— MÖnY K‡ib|
ZvB wZwb Giƒc GKwU SuywKi e¨emvq cÖwZôvi [cUzqvLvjx miKvwi gwnjv K‡jR]
Rb¨ fve‡Qb| mnR MVb, †MvcbxqZv i¶v, `ª“Z A K. cybtißvwb Kx? 1
A L. cwieZ©bkxj Pvwn`vi c‡Y¨i †¶‡Î †Kvb
wm×vš— MÖnY, †fv³v‡`i mv‡_ cÖZ¨¶
e¨emvq Dc‡hvMx e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 2
†hvMv‡hvM, Ae¯’vbMZ myweav cÖf…wZi
A M. DÏxc‡Ki wg‡mm jybvi ¯’vwcZ e¨emvqwU
gva¨‡g mn‡RB e¨emv‡q mvdj¨ jvf Kiv hv‡e| Gme Kx ai‡bi-e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3
myweav GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi †¶‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨| A N. DÏxc‡K DwjwLZ cwiw¯’wZ‡Z cvIbv
ZvB ejv hvq, Gme Kvi‡YB GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq Av`v‡qi Rb¨ gywnZ KZ©„K gvgjv Kivi
RbwcÖq|
eÅemvq msMVb 1g

wm×v‡š—i †hŠw³KZv we‡klY K‡iv| 4

( gy³vi `„wó‡Z e¨vcK Drcv`b I cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi 20 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
hy‡MI e„n`vqZb e¨emv‡qi cvkvcvwk ¶z`ªvqZb ( we‡`k †_‡K cY¨mvgMÖx Avg`vwb K‡i Zv
cò

GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq wU‡K _vKvi KviY n‡jv cybivq Ab¨ †`‡k ißvwb Kiv‡K cybtißvwb e‡j| A
SuywKi ¯^íZv| A ( cwieZ©bkxj Pvwn`vi c‡Y¨i †¶‡Î GKgvwjKvbv
¯^í cyuwR wb‡qB G e¨emvq MVb Kiv hvq| Gi e¨emvq Dc‡hvMx|
gybvdv gvwjK GKvB †fvM K‡ib| Avevi me GKK gvwjKvbvq GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq MwVZ I
SzuwKI gvwjKB enb K‡ib| gvwjK `ª“Z wm×vš— cwiPvwjZ nq| gvwjK GKRb _vKvq G e¨emv‡qi
wb‡q e¨emv‡qi SzuwK Gov‡Z cv‡ib| ZvB G AvqZb mxwgZ cwim‡i nq| GQvovI G e¨emv‡qi
e¨emvq‡K ¯^í SzuwKi e¨emvqI ejv nq| g~jabI Kg _v‡K| d‡j c‡Y¨i cwieZ©bkxjZvq mn‡R
DÏxc‡K gy³v XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K wWwMÖ e¨emv‡qi KvVv‡gvMZ cwieZ©b Kiv hvq| ZvB
AR©b K‡ib| wZwb j¶¨ K‡ib, e¨vcK cwieZ©bkxj c‡Y¨i Pvwn`vi †¶‡Î GKgvwjKvbv
e¨emvqB Dchy³|
cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi hy‡MI KwZcq e¨emvq e„n`vqZb
e¨emv‡qi cvkvcvwk wU‡K Av‡Q Ges mdjfv‡e ( DÏxc‡Ki wg‡mm jybvi ¯’vwcZ e¨emvqwU
cwiPvwjZ n‡”Q| wZwb Giƒc GKwU SzuwKi GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi Aš—M©Z| A
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq GKK gvwjKvbvq MwVZ,
e¨emvq cÖwZôv Ki‡eb e‡j w¯’i K‡ib| GLv‡b
cwiPvwjZ I wbqwš¿Z nq| G e¨emv‡qi gvwjK
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq‡K wb‡`©k Kiv n‡q‡Q| GKRb _vKvq B”Qv Ki‡jB mn‡R mxwgZ g~jab
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq ¯^ícuywRi e¨emvq| wb‡q MVb Kiv hvq| G e¨emv‡qi hveZxq jvf
†jvKmvb ev ¶wZ n‡j †mUv ¯^í gvÎvq nq| gvwjK GKvB †fvM K‡i Ges †jvKmvb n‡j me `vq
e„n`vqZb e¨emv‡q AwaK cyuwR wb‡q e¨emvq Zv‡K GKB enb Ki‡Z nq|
Ki‡Z nq e‡j SzuwK cwigvYI †ewk _v‡K| GQvov DÏxc‡K wgm‡m jybv cuvPRb Kg©x wb‡q wb‡Ri
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡q †¶Î cwieZ©‡bi myweav GjvKvq GKwU †i÷z‡i›U e¨emvq ïi“ K‡ib| G‡¶‡Î
i‡q‡Q| e¨emv‡qi SzuwKi m¤¢vebv m„wó n‡j g~ja‡bi †hvMvb wn‡m‡e Zvi e¨w³MZ Znwej
gvwjK `ª“Z wm×vš— wb‡q †¶Î cwieZ©b K‡i †_‡K 1,00,000 UvKv †`b| gvbm¤§Z †mev cÖ`vb
SzuwK Gov‡Z cv‡ib, hv e„n`vqZb e¨emv‡qi †¶‡Î Kivq Zvi e¨emv‡q e¨vcK mvdj¨ Av‡m| wZwb
m¤¢e bq| myZivs e¨vcK Drcv`b I cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi wb‡RB Zvi e¨emvqwU cwiPvjbv K‡ib| Zvi e¨emvq
hy‡M e„n`vqZb e¨emv‡qi cvkvcvwk GKgvwjKvbv cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ Zv‡K KviI Kv‡Q Revew`wn Ki‡Z
nq bv| Gme ˆewkó¨ GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi mv‡_
e¨emvq wU‡K _vKvi KviY wn‡m‡e ÔSzuwKi
mvgÄm¨c~Y©| ZvB ejv hvq, wg‡mm jybvi
eÅemvq msMVb I eÅeÕ©vcbv: cÉ^g cò  evQvBK‡Z ˆmiv gvGbi cÉk² I Dîi: m†Rbkxj iPbvgƒjK 59
¯’vwcZ e¨emvqwU GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi Aš— ( e¨emv‡qi Avq †_‡K e¨q ev ¶wZ ev` w`‡j hv
M©Z| Aewkó _v‡K ZvB gybvdv| A
( DÏxc‡K DwjwLZ cwiw¯’wZ‡Z cvIbv Av`v‡qi e¨emv‡qi gyL¨ D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv gybvdv AR©b Kiv|
Rb¨ gywnZ KZ©„K gvgjv Kivi wm×vš— gybvdvi Avkvq e¨emvq Ki‡jI G‡Z wewfbœ
m¤ú~Y© †hŠw³K| A SzuwKi (cY¨ webó nIqv, Pvwn`v n«vm cvIqv)
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq GKK gvwjKvbvq MwVZ I Kvi‡Y †jvKmvb nIqvi m¤¢vebv Av‡Q| G SuywK
cwiPvwjZ nq| Giƒc e¨emv‡qi jvf-¶wZ Ges bv wb‡j e¨emvq Kiv hvq bv| e¨emv‡qi SuywK bv
`vqmg~‡ni Rb¨ gvwjK GKvB `vqx _v‡K| G wb‡j gybvdv AR©‡bi m¤¢vebv _v‡K bv| ZvB
e¨emv‡qi m„ó `vq †gUv‡bvi Rb¨ gvwj‡Ki e¨w³MZ gybvdv‡K SuywK MÖn‡Yi cyi¯‹vi ejv nq|
m¤úwËI `vqe× _v‡K| ( DÏxc‡K dinv` †h LvgviwU M‡o †Zv‡jb, Zv
DÏxc‡K wg‡mm jybv Zvi wb‡Ri GjvKvq GKwU GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq msMVb| A
†i÷z‡i›U e¨emvq ïi“ K‡ib| gvbm¤§Z †mev cÖ`vb GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡q gvwjK wb‡RB MVb I
Kivq Zvi e¨emv‡qi cÖwZ †fv³vi Pvwn`v evovi d‡j cwiPvjbv K‡ib| Z‡e mn‡hvwMZvi Rb¨
wZwb Zvi e¨emvq m¤úÖmvi‡Yi wm×vš— †bb| †eZbwfwËK Kg©Pvix wb‡qvM w`‡Z cv‡ib|
GB j‡¶¨ wZwb Zvi eÜy gywn‡Zi KvQ †_‡K gvwjK GKvB G e¨emv‡q g~ja‡bi †hvMvb †`b|
50,000 UvKv avi †bb| wKš‘ wg‡mm jybv Amy¯’ AwZwi³ g~ja‡bi cÖ‡qvRb n‡j FY wb‡Z cv‡ib|
n‡q covq e¨emvqwU e‡Üi Dcµg nq Ges wZwb DÏxc‡K KvjkxgvwU MÖv‡gi dinv` QvMj cvj‡bi
gywn‡Zi FY cwi‡kv‡a AcivMZv cÖKvk K‡ib| Ici cÖwk¶Y wb‡q wbR evwo‡Z GKwU Lvgvi †`b|
ZvB gywnZ Zvi cvIbv Av`v‡qi Rb¨ wg‡mm jybvi LvgviwU m¤úÖmviY Kivi Rb¨ wZwb GbwRI
wei“‡× Av`vj‡Z gvgjv Kivi wm×vš— †bb| †_‡K FY †bb| GQvov wZwb Lvgvi cwiPvjbvq
DÏxc‡Ki cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Rbve gywn‡Zi wg‡mm mn‡hvwMZvi Rb¨ AwZwi³ cuvPRb Kg©Pvix
jybvi wei“‡× gvgjv Kivi wm×vš—wU †hŠw³K| wb‡qvM †`b| dinv` wb‡RB G Lvgv‡ii gvwjK| ZvB

eÅemvq msMVb 1g
KviY wg‡mm jybv GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq e¨emv‡qi jvf-¶wZI wZwb GKB enb K‡ib| Gme
cwiPvjbv K‡ib| Giƒc e¨emv‡qi AvBbMZ mËv †bB ˆewkó¨ GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi mv‡_
Ges gvwj‡Ki `vq Amxg nq| GB Amxg `v‡qi msMwZc~Y©| ZvB ejv hvq, dinv‡`i †`Iqv

cò
Kvi‡Y wg‡mm jybv Zvi e¨w³MZ m¤ú` †_‡K LvgviwU GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq msMVb|
e¨emv‡qi `vq cwi‡kv‡a eva¨| GgZve¯’vq gywn‡Zi ( DÏxc‡K dinv‡`i k¼vi mv‡_ e¨emv‡qi ÔSuywKÕ
Av`vj‡Z gvgjvi gva¨‡g cvIbv Av`v‡qi cÖ‡Póv ˆewkó¨wUi mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q| Ges GwU wegvi gva¨‡g
m¤ú~Y© †hŠw³K| DËiY Kiv m¤¢e| A
e¨emv‡q wewfbœ (Pvwn`v n«vm, `yN©Ubv, Pzwi,
((( KvjkxgvwU MÖv‡gi dinv` QvMj cvj‡bi Ici WvKvwZ) Kvi‡Y SuywKi m„wó nq| hvi Kvi‡Y
cÖwk¶Y wb‡q wbR evwo‡Z GKwU Lvgvi M‡o e¨emv‡qi cÖPzi Avw_©K ¶wZ nq| G ¶wZ †_‡K
†Zv‡jb| cieZ©x‡Z LvgviwU m¤úÖmvi‡Yi Rb¨ i¶v cvIqvi Rb¨ SuywKi wec‡¶ wegv Kiv nq| wegv
GbwRI †_‡K FY †bb Ges AwZwi³ cuvPRb Kg©x e¨emv‡qi SuywKMZ cÖwZeÜKZv `~i K‡i|
wb‡qvM †`b| wKš‘ nVvr †ivMvµvš— n‡q wKQy DÏxc‡Ki dinv` QvMj cvj‡bi Ici cÖwk¶Y wb‡q
QvM‡ji g„Zz¨ nIqvq LvgviwU wb‡q wZwb kw¼Z GKwU Lvgvi †`b| Lvgvi m¤úÖmvi‡Yi Rb¨ wZwb
n‡q c‡ob| GbwRI †_‡K FYI †bb| wKš‘ nVvr †ivMvµvš—
[cjx Dbœqb GKv‡Wwg j¨ve. ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, e¸ov] n‡q wKQy QvM‡ji g„Zz¨ n‡j LvgviwU wb‡q
A K. e¨emvq D‡`¨vM Kx? 1 dinv` kw¼Z nb|
A L. Ôgybvdv n‡jv SuywK MÖn‡Yi cyi¯‹viÕ DÏxc‡K Lvgv‡ii K‡qKwU QvM‡ji g„Zz¨ dinv‡`i
e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 2 e¨emv‡q SuywKi m„wó K‡i‡Q| KviY QvM‡ji
A M. DÏxc‡K dinv` †h LvgviwU M‡o †Zv‡jb, Zv g„Zz¨‡Z †m Avw_©Kfv‡e ¶wZMÖ¯— nb| G
†Kvb ai‡bi e¨emvq msMVb? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3 Ae¯’v †_‡K DËi‡Yi Dcvq n‡jv wegv Kiv| dinv`
A N. DÏxc‡Ki dinv‡`i k¼vi mv‡_ e¨emv‡qi Zvi Lvgv‡ii Rb¨ Mevw`cï wegv Ki‡j cieZ©x‡Z
†Kvb ˆewk‡ó¨i mv`„k¨Zv i‡q‡Q Ges G QvM‡ji g„Zz¨ n‡j ¶wZc~iY cv‡eb| G‡Z Zvi
Ae¯’v †_‡K DËi‡Yi Dcvq Kx? g~j¨vqb Avw_©K ¶wZi SuywK, Kg‡e| myZivs DÏxc‡K
K‡iv| 4 dinv‡`i k¼vi KviY n‡jv Avw_©K SuywK hv
21 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi wegvi gva¨‡g `~i Kiv hv‡e|
( †Kv‡bv e¨w³ ev cÖwZôvb hLb †¯^”Qvq †Kv‡bv
e¨emvq MVb, cwiPvjbv I wbqš¿‡Yi wm×vš— †bq, ((( wgm. cwj hye Dbœqb †_‡K cÖwk¶Y wb‡q
ZLb Zv‡K e¨emvq D‡`¨vM e‡j| A cuywZ I wewfbœ AcÖ‡qvRbxq wRwbm w`‡q dzj,
dzj`vwb, e¨vM, †kvwcm, †Wvi †ej, SvoevwZ
 60 eÅemvq msMVb I eÅeÕ©vcbv: cÉ^g cò  evQvBK‡Z ˆmiv gvGbi cÉk² I Dîi: m†Rbkxj iPbvgƒjK
BZ¨vw` wRwbm ˆZwi K‡ib| ˆZwiK…Z cY¨¸‡jv †µZv‡`i mv‡_ Zvi cÖZ¨¶ m¤úK© M‡o I‡V|
wgm. cwj wb‡R †µZv‡`i mieivn K‡ib| wgm. cwj †µZv‡`i cQ›` g‡Zv cY¨ mieivn K‡i G e¨emv‡q
†µZv‡`i mv‡_ KL‡bv Lvivc e¨envi K‡ib bv| `ª“Z I mdjZv jvf Kiv hvq|
†µZviv wgm cwji Ici m¤ú~Y© Av¯’v iv‡L| DÏxc‡K wgm. cwj hye Dbœqb †_‡K cÖwk¶Y
eZ©gv‡b wgm. cwji mdjZv w`b w`b evo‡Q| ZvB wb‡q AcÖ‡qvRbxq wRwbm w`‡q wewfbœ bZzb
wZwb fve‡Qb †h wKQy †jvK wb‡qvM †`‡eb|
wRwbm (dzj, dzj`vwb, e¨vM, †kvwcm BZ¨vw`)
[cvebv miKvwi gwnjv K‡jR]
A K. evwYR¨ Kx? 1 ˆZwi K‡ib| wZwb wb‡RB ˆZwi cY¨¸‡jv †µZv‡`i
A L. cybtißvwb ej‡Z Kx †evS? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 2 Kv‡Q †cuŠ‡Q †`b| wgm. cwj †µZv‡`i mv‡_
A M. e¨emv‡qi AvIZv‡f‡` wgm. cwji e¨emv‡qi KL‡bv Lvivc e¨envi K‡ib bv| †µZviv wgm. cwji
aib e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3 Ici m¤ú~Y© Av¯’v iv‡Lb|
A N. wgm. cwji e¨emv‡q mdjZvi g~j KviY wgm. cwj wb‡R †µZv‡`i Kv‡Q cY¨ †cuŠ‡Q
we‡klY K‡iv| 4 †`Iqvq †µZv‡`i mv‡_ Zvi cÖZ¨¶ m¤ú‡K©i m„wó
22 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi nq| G‡Z wgm. cwj †µZv‡`i mv‡_ mym¤úK© eRvq
( Drcvw`Z cY¨mvgMÖx †fv³v ev e¨enviKvixi ivLvi Rb¨ memgq fv‡jv e¨envi K‡ib| GQvov
Kv‡Q †cuŠQv‡bvi Rb¨ m¤úvw`Z hveZxq †hgb: †µZv‡`i memgq fv‡jv cY¨ mieivn Kivq m‡Pó
µq, weµq, cwienb cÖf…wZ KvR‡K evwYR¨ e‡j| _v‡Kb| fv‡jv cY¨ cvIqvq †µZviv mš‘ó nb| d‡j Zviv
A wgm. cwj‡K wbf©i‡hvM¨ g‡b K‡ib| G‡Z Zvi Ges
( we‡`‡k †_‡K cY¨mvgMÖx Avg`vwb K‡i Zv Zvi e¨emv‡qi mybvg e„w× cvq| ZvB ejv hvq,
Avevi Ab¨ †`‡k ißvwb Kiv‡K cybtißvwb e‡j| A †µZv‡`i mv‡_ cÖZ¨¶ m¤úK© ˆZwi Kivq wgm.
Gi gva¨‡g Avg`vwbK…Z cY¨ Ab¨ †`‡k †ewk `v‡g
cwji mdjZv w`b w`b evo‡Q|
weµq K‡i gybvdv AR©b Kiv hvq| cybtißvwb
eÅemvq msMVb 1g

cÖwµqvq cY¨ Avg`vwb K‡i Zv mivmwi ev

wKQyUv cÖwµqvRvZ K‡i c‡Y¨i ¸YMZ gvb I ((( AvRy wgqv 5 Rb Kg©Pvix wb‡q 1 j¶ UvKv
e¨envi Dc‡hvwMZv evov‡bv hvq| `ywU †`‡ki g‡a¨ Ges eÜy Kwe‡ii KvQ †_‡K 1 j¶ UvKv avi wb‡q
cò

evwYwR¨K m¤úK© bv _vK‡j Z…Zxq †`k D³ `yB GKwU dv÷dz‡Wi †`vKvb †`b| AwZwi³ A‡_©i
†`‡ki g‡a¨ evwYwR¨K m¤úK© ¯’vcb Ki‡Z cv‡i Kvi‡Y eÜy iwbi KvQ †_‡K 2 j¶ UvKv my`
cybtißvwbi gva¨‡g| cÖ`v‡bi k‡Z© avi †bb| nVvr AvRy wgqv gviv
( e¨emv‡qi AvIZv‡f‡` DÏxc‡K wgm. cwji †M‡j Zvi eÜyiv cvIbv Av`v‡qi Rb¨ Av`vj‡Zi
e¨emvqwU GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi Aš—M©Z| A AvkÖq †bb| Av`vjZ AvRy wgqvi e¨w³MZ m¤úwË
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq GK e¨w³i jv‡fi D‡Ï‡k¨ GKK †_‡K cvIbv cwi‡kv‡ai Rb¨ wb‡`©k cÖ`vb K‡ib|
gvwjKvbvi wfwˇZ MwVZ I cwiPvwjZ nq| [cywjk jvBÝ ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, iscyi]
mxwgZ g~jab wb‡q GB e¨emvq mn‡RB MVb Kiv A K. e¨emvq Kx? 1
hvq| gvwjK wb‡RB e¨emvq cwiPvjbv I wbqš¿Y A L. gybvdv AR©b Qvov e¨emvqx e¨emv K‡ib
K‡i e‡j mdjZv AR©b mnR nq| bv- e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 2
DÏxc‡K wgm. cwj hye Dbœqb †_‡K cÖwk¶Y A M. DÏxc‡Ki e¨emvqwU †Kvb cÖK…wZi?
wb‡q AcÖ‡qvRbxq wRwbm w`‡q dzj, e¨vM, e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3
†Wvi‡ej, SvoevwZ BZ¨vw` wRwbm ˆZwi K‡ib| A N. AvRy wgqvi e¨emv‡qi †Kvb ˆewk‡ó¨i
Gme cY¨ wZwb wb‡RB †µZv‡`i Kv‡Q †cuŠ‡Q Kvi‡Y Av`vjZ G wm×vš— wb‡q‡Q?
†`b| wgm. cwji GB e¨emvq ïi“ Ki‡Z Kg g~jab hyw³mn e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 4
jv‡M| GQvov cwiPvjbvi KvR wZwb wb‡RB K‡ib| 23 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
ZvB Lye †ewk e¨q nq bv| †µZv‡`i mv‡_ wZwb
( gybvdv AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ ˆeafv‡e cwiPvwjZ
KL‡bv Lvivc e¨envi K‡ib bv| ZvB Zvi mdjZv w`b
hveZxq A_©‰bwZK KvR‡K (Drcv`b, µq, weµq
w`b evo‡Q| Gme ˆewkó¨ GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi
BZ¨vw`) e¨emvq e‡j| A
mv‡_ msMwZc~Y©| ZvB ejv hvq, wgm. cwji
e¨emvqwU GKgvwjKvbv msMVb| ( gybvdv AR©b e¨emv‡qi cÖavb D‡Ïk¨| A
gybvdv AR©b Qvov e¨emvqxi c‡¶ e¨emvq
( wgm. cwji e¨emv‡qi mdjZvi g~j KviY †µZv‡`i
cwiPvjbv Kiv m¤¢e bq| AwR©Z gybvdv w`‡q
mv‡_ cÖZ¨¶ m¤úK© ¯’vcb Kiv| A
wZwb RxweKv wbe©vn K‡ib| GQvov e¨emv‡qi
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi gvwjK I cwiPvjK GKB
e¨w³| gvwjK GKvB e¨emv‡qi ZË¡veavb K‡ib| G‡Z
eÅemvq msMVb I eÅeÕ©vcbv: cÉ^g cò  evQvBK‡Z ˆmiv gvGbi cÉk² I Dîi: m†Rbkxj iPbvgƒjK 61
cwiwa evovb| ZvB ejv nq, gybvdv AR©b Qvov †`vKvb †`Iqvi K_v fve‡Qb| GRb¨ Zvi AwaK
e¨emvqx e¨emvq K‡ib bv| UvKvi cÖ‡qvRb| eÜy iwng Zvi e¨emvq cyuwR
( DÏxc‡Ki e¨emvqwU GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq wewb‡qvM Ki‡Z Pvb| e¨vsKI FY w`‡Z ivwR|
[SvjKvwV miKvwi K‡jR]
msMV‡bi Aš—M©Z| A
A K. cÖwgZKiY Kv‡K e‡j? 1
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq GKRb e¨w³i gvwjKvbvq
A L. wkí‡K Drcv`‡bi evnb ejv nq †Kb? 2
MwVZ I cwiPvwjZ nq| G e¨emv‡q gvwjK wb‡RB
A M. DÏxc‡K bqb †nv‡m‡bi Kg©Kv‡Ê
g~ja‡bi †hvMvb †`b| AwR©Z gybvdvi Ici ïay
GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi †Kvb myweavwU
gvwj‡Ki AwaKvi _v‡K| ZvQvov G e¨emv‡qi MVb
dz‡U D‡V‡Q? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3
Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e mnR|
A N. eo †`vKvb †`Iqvi †¶‡Î bqb †nv‡m‡bi
DÏxc‡K AvRy wgqv wbR¯^ 1 j¶ UvKv Ges eÜyi
KiYxq m¤ú‡K© †Zvgvi AwfgZ DÏxc‡Ki
KvQ †_‡K 1 j¶ UvKv avi wb‡q GKwU dv÷dz‡Wi
Av‡jv‡K Zz‡j a‡iv| 4
†`vKvb †`b| cieZ©x‡Z wZwb AviI 2 j¶ UvKv avi
24 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
wb‡q e¨emv‡q wewb‡qvM K‡ib| Kv‡Ri
mn‡hvwMZvi Rb¨ AvRy wgqv 5 Rb Kg©Pvix ( c‡Y¨i AvKvi, IRb I is Abyhvqx c‡Y¨i gvb
wb‡qvM K‡ib| e¨emv‡qi AwR©Z gybvdv wZwb wba©viY Kiv‡K cÖwgZKiY e‡j| A
GKvB †fvM K‡ib| SuywKI GKvB enb K‡ib| nVvr ( †h cÖwµqvq cÖvK…wZK m¤ú` I KuvPvgvj‡K
Zvi g„Zz¨i mv‡_ mv‡_ e¨emv‡qiI wejywß N‡U| cÖwµqvRvZ K‡i gvby‡li e¨envi Dc‡hvMx c‡Y¨
myZivs wZwb e¨emv‡qi GKK gvwjK nIqvq AvRy iƒcvš—i Kiv nq Zv‡K wkí e‡j| A
wgqvi e¨emvqwU‡K GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq ejv gvby‡li Afve c~i‡Yi Rb¨ wewfbœ cY¨ ev
hvq| †mevmvgMÖx Drcv`b KivB wk‡íi KvR| e¨emv‡qi
Drcv`b msµvš— KvR wk‡íi Øviv msNwUZ nq|
( AvRy wgqvi e¨emv‡qi ÔAmxg `vqÕ ˆewk‡ó¨i
GRb¨B wkí‡K Drcv`‡bi evnb ejv nq|

eÅemvq msMVb 1g
Kvi‡Y Av`vjZ G wm×vš— w`‡q‡Q| A
Amxg `v‡qi d‡j e¨emv‡q wewb‡qvMK…Z g~ja‡bi ( DÏxc‡Ki bqb †nv‡m‡bi Kg©Kv‡Ê GKgvwjKvbv
evB‡i `vq-`vwq‡Z¡i m„wó nq| GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi cÖZ¨¶ m¤ú‡K©i myweavwU dz‡U
D‡V‡Q| A

cò
e¨emv‡q †`bvi Rb¨ gvwj‡Ki e¨w³MZ m¤úwË
†¶Îwe‡k‡l `vqe× _v‡K| mieivnK…Z g~jab Øviv GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡q gvwj‡Ki mv‡_ Kg©Pvix I
`vq cwi‡kva bv n‡j e¨w³MZ m¤úwË weµq K‡i MÖvnK‡`i mivmwi m¤úK© ˆZwi Kiv hvq| G
†`bv †kva Ki‡Z nq| e¨emv‡qi cwiwa †QvU nIqvq gvwjK wb‡RB Zvi
DÏxc‡K AvRy wgqv wbR D‡`¨v‡M GKwU e¨emvq cwiPvjbv K‡ib| Gi d‡j MÖvnK‡`i mv‡_
dv÷dz‡Wi †`vKvb †`b| wZwb GLv‡b wbR¯^ 1 j¶ Zvi fv‡jv m¤úK© M‡o I‡V|
UvKv wewb‡qvM K‡ib| wewfbœ mg‡q AwZwi³ DÏxc‡K bqb †nv‡mb 10 eQi a‡i PÆMÖv‡g
GKwU gyw` †`vKvb Pvjv‡”Qb| hyw³m½Z `v‡g
A‡_©i `iKvi n‡j wZwb Zvi eÜy‡`i KvQ †_‡K 3 j¶
MÖvn‡Ki i“wP Abyhvqx cY¨ weµq K‡ib| ZvB
UvKv avi K‡ib| nVvr AvRy wgqv gviv †M‡j Zvi
cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi gv‡SI Zvi MÖvnK †e‡o‡Q|
eÜyiv cvIbv Av`v‡qi Rb¨ Av`vj‡Zi AvkÖq MÖnY
wb‡Ri e¨emv‡qi cY¨ mivmwi †fv³vi Kv‡Q weµq
K‡ib| Av`vjZ AvRy wgqvi e¨w³MZ m¤úwË †_‡K
Kivq Zv‡`i mv‡_ Zvi mym¤úK© M‡o D‡V‡Q|
cvIbv cwi‡kv‡ai wb‡`©k cÖ`vb K‡ib|
Giƒc m¤úK© GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi Ab¨Zg
AvRy wgqvi e¨emvqwU GKgvwjKvbv e¨emvq
myweav| myZivs ejv hvq, MÖvnK‡`i mv‡_ cÖZ¨¶
msMVb| GB e¨emv‡qi Ab¨Zg ˆewkó¨ n‡jv †`bvi
m¤úK© myweavwUB bqb †nv‡m‡bi e¨emv‡q
Rb¨ gvwj‡Ki e¨w³MZ m¤úwË `vqe× _v‡K| AvRy
dz‡U D‡V‡Q|
wgqv wbR¯^ 1 j¶ UvKv e¨emv‡q wewb‡qvM
( eo †`vKvb †`Iqvi †¶‡Î bqb †nv‡m‡bi KiYxq n‡e
K‡ib, hv w`‡q 3 j¶ UvKvi cvIbv cwi‡kva Kiv m¤
¢e bq| ZvB Zvi eÜyiv Av`vj‡Zi kiYvcbœ nb| e¨vsK †_‡K FY †bIqv| A
Av`vjZ AvRy wgqvi e¨w³MZ m¤úwË weµq K‡i e¨emvq cwiPvjbv I m¤úÖmvi‡Yi Rb¨ e¨emvqx‡K
cÖwZwbqZ
cvIbv cwi‡kv‡ai wb‡`©k †`b| myZivs, e¨emv‡qi A‡_©i †hvMvb w`‡Z nq|
myweavRbK Drm †_‡K cyuwR msMÖn Ki‡Z
Amxg `v‡qi Rb¨ Av`vjZ GB wb‡`©k †`b|
cvi‡j e¨emvq cwiPvjbv mnR nq|
DÏxc‡K bqb †nv‡m‡bi e¨emvq fv‡jv Pjvq
((( bqb †nv‡mb 10 eQi a‡i PÆMÖvg kn‡i GKwU
cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi g‡a¨I Zvi MÖvnK †e‡o‡Q| GLb
gyw` †`vKvb Pvjv‡”Qb| MÖvn‡Ki mv‡_ Zvi
eo AvKv‡ii †`vKvb †`Iqvi K_v fve‡Qb| GRb¨ Zvi
m¤úK© fv‡jv| hyw³m½Z `v‡g MÖvn‡Ki i“wP
AwaK A‡_©i cÖ‡qvRb| G‡¶‡Î Zvi eÜy e¨emv‡q
Abyhvqx cY¨ wewµ K‡ib| cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi g‡a¨I
Zvi MÖvnK †e‡o‡Q| GLb wZwb eo AvKv‡ii
 62 eÅemvq msMVb I eÅeÕ©vcbv: cÉ^g cò  evQvBK‡Z ˆmiv gvGbi cÉk² I Dîi: m†Rbkxj iPbvgƒjK
cyuwR wewb‡qvM Ki‡Z Pvq| Avevi e¨vsK I Zv‡K ( DÏxc‡K wg. P-Gi e¨emvqwU gvwjKvbvi wfwˇZ
FY w`‡Z ivwR| GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi Aš—M©Z| A
Dchy©³ cwiw¯’wZ‡Z eÜyi †_‡K A_© bv †bIqvB GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡q GKRb gvÎ gvwjK _v‡K|
DËg n‡e| eÜyi KvQ †_‡K A_© wb‡j wZwb gvwjK GKvB mg¯— gybvdv †fvM Ges SuywK
e¨emv‡q n¯—‡¶c Ki‡Z cv‡ib| GgbwK e¨emv‡qi enb K‡ib| Z‡e gvwjK Zvi mn‡hvwMZvi Rb¨
Askx`viI n‡Z PvB‡Z cv‡ib| G‡¶‡Î e¨emvq †eZ‡bi wfwˇZ Kg©Pvix wb‡qvM Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
cwiPvjbvq e¨vNvZ NU‡e| Aciw`‡K e¨vsK †_‡K wg P ¯^bvgab¨ †emiKvwi K‡j‡Ri wk¶K| wZwb
FY wb‡j cÖwZgv‡m wbw`©ó cwigvY my` w`‡Z Zvi mwÂZ A_© w`‡q K‡j‡Ri Kv‡Q GKwU eo
n‡e| Z‡e e¨vsK KL‡bv e¨emv‡q cwiPvjbvq n¯— †`vKvb †`b| †`vKv‡bi 1g As‡k †÷kbvwi, 2q As‡k
‡¶c Ki‡e bv| G‡Z e¨emv‡qi †h gybvdv n‡e d‡UvKwc †gwkb I 3q As‡k †gvevBj e¨vswKs Gi
cy‡ivUvB bqb †nv‡mb †fvM Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| Gme
e¨emvq ïi“ K‡ib| wg. P Zvi wZb fvB‡K †`vKv‡bi
w`K we‡ePbvq Zvi Rb¨ e¨vsK FY †bIqvB hyw³hy³|
wZbwU As‡ki `vwqZ¡ cÖ`vb K‡ib| wKš‘ e¨emv‡qi
mg¯— gybvdv wZwb GKvB †fvM K‡ib Ges
((( wg. P GKwU ¯^bvgab¨ †emiKvwi K‡j‡Ri
wk¶K| K‡j‡Ri Kv‡QB K‡qKwU e¨vsK I wkí SuywK enb K‡ib| fvB‡`i e¨emv‡qi `vwqZ¡ †`b
cÖwZôvb i‡q‡Q| wZwb Zvi mwÂZ A_© Øviv wKš‘ gvwjKvbv †`bwb| e¨emv‡qi gvwjK wg. P
K‡j‡Ri mwbœK‡U GKwU fe‡bi wbPZjv fvov wb‡RB| Gme ˆewkó¨ GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi
wb‡q eo †`vKvb †`b| Zvi †`vKv‡bi 1g As‡k mv‡_ msMwZc~Y©| ZvB ejv hvq, wg. P Gi
†÷kbvwi, 2q As‡k d‡UvKwc †gwkb I 3q As‡k msMVbwU GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi Aš—M©Z|
†gvevBj e¨vswKs Gi e¨emvq ïi“ Ki‡jb| wg. P Zvi ( wg. P-Gi e¨emv‡qi mdjZv AR©‡b e¨emv‡qi †¶Î I
wZb fvB‡K †`vKv‡bi wZbwU As‡ki ¯’vb wbe©vPb ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i‡Q| A
`vwqZ¡ cÖ`vb Ki‡jb| Aíw`‡bi g‡a¨ Zvi cÖwZwôZ GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi mdjZv jv‡fi Rb¨
eÅemvq msMVb 1g

e¨emvqwU mdjZv AR©b K‡i| [miKvwi †mvnivIqv`©x m‡PZbfv‡e Dchy³ †¶Î I ¯’vb wbe©vPb Ki‡Z nq|
K‡jR, wc‡ivRcyi]
†Kbbv GKwU e¨emv‡q mdjZv ZLbB Av‡m hLb
A K. e¨emv‡qi cÖavb D‡Ïk¨ Kx? 1
e¨emv‡qi AmsL¨ †fv³v _v‡K| †fv³vi msL¨v Kg n‡j
A L. GKgvwjKvbv e¨emv‡qi gvwj‡Ki Amxg `vq
cò

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