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14 views20 pages

Cadcampart 1

Uploaded by

avijitbd65
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Introduction to CAD/CAM

1
Computer-Aided Design (CAD)
• Use of computer systems to assist in
the creation, modification, analysis,
and optimization of a design
• Typical tools:
– Tolerance analysis
– Mass property calculations
– Finite-element modeling and visualization
• Defines the geometry of the design
Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM)
• Use of computer systems to plan,
manage, and control
manufacturing operations
• Direct or indirect computer
interface with the plant’s
production resources
• Numerical control of machine
tools
• Programming of robots
Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE)
• Use of computer systems to
analyze CAD geometry
• Allows designer to simulate
and study how the product will
behave, allowing for
optimization
• Finite-element method (FEM)
– Divides model into
interconnected elements
– Solves continuous field problems
Components of CAD/CAM/CAE Systems

• Major component is hardware


and software allowing shape
manipulation
• Hardware includes graphic
devices and their peripherals for
input and output operations
• Software includes packages that
manipulate or analyze shapes
according to user interaction
Components of CAD/CAM/CAE Systems
Hardware Components
• Graphic device is composed of a display
processing unit, a display device, and one or more
input devices
• Input devices:
– Mouse
– Space ball
– Data tablet with a puck or stylus
– Keyboard
• Output Devices:
– Plotters
– Color laser printers
Software Components
• CAD software allows the designer to create
and manipulate a shape interactively and
store it
• CAM software plans, manages and controls
the operations of a manufacturing site
• CAE software analyzes design geometry,
allowing designer to study product behavior
CAD/CAM

• CAD/CAM = Computer Aided Design and


Computer Aided Manufacturing. It is the
technology concerned with the use of
computers to perform design and
manufacturing functions.

9
• CAD can be defined as the use of computer
systems to perform certain functions in the
design process.
• CAM is the use of computer systems to
plan, manage and control the operations of
manufacturing plant through either direct
or indirect computer interface with the
plant’s production resources.

10
From CAM definition, the application of
CAM falls into two broad categories:
1. Computer monitoring and control .

Process
Computer Process
data

11
2. Manufacturing support application .

Process data
Computer Mfg
Control signals operations

12
The Product Cycle and CAD/CAM

In order to establish the scope and definition


of CAD/CAM in an engineering environment
and identify existing and future related tools,
a study of a typical product cycle is necessary.
The following Figure shows a flowchart of
such a cycle.

13
Typical Product Life Cycle
The Design Process
Design Collecting
Design definitions, relevant design
needs specifications, information and
and requirements feasibility study
Synthesis
Analysis The CAD Process
Design Design
Design Design Design Design
documentation and modeling and
evaluation optimization analysis conceptualization
communication simulation

The Manufacturing Process


Production
planning The CAM Process
Design and
procurement of
Process
new tools Quality Packaging
planning Production Shipping
control
Order
materials

NC, CNC, DNC


programming

Marketing

14
• The product begins with a need which is identified
based on customers' and markets' demands.
• The product goes through two main processes from
the idea conceptualization to the finished product:
1. The design process.
2. The manufacturing process.

The main sub-processes that constitute the design


process are:
1. Synthesis.
2. Analysis.
15
Implementation of a Typical CAD Process on a
CAD/CAM system

Delineation of Design changes Design and


geometric model Analysis algorithms

Definition Drafting and


translator detailing

Geometric model
Documentation

Interface
algorithms To CAM Process

16
CAD Tools Required to Support the Design Process

Design phase Required CAD tools


Design conceptualization Geometric modeling techniques;
Graphics aids; manipulations; and
visualization
Design modeling and simulation Same as above; animation; assemblies;
special modeling packages.
Design analysis Analysis packages; customized
programs and packages.
Design optimization Customized applications; structural
optimization.
Design evaluation Dimensioning; tolerances; BOM; NC.
Design communication and Drafting and detailing…
documentation

17
Implementation of a Typical CAM Process on a
CAD/CAM system

Geometric model Inspection

Interface
algorithms Assembly

Process planning Packaging

NC programs
To shipping and marketing
18
CAM Tools Required to Support the Manufacturing Proce
Manufacturing phase Required CAM tools

Process planning CAPP techniques; cost


analysis; material and
tooling specification.
Part programming NC programming

Inspection CAQ; and Inspection


software
Assembly Robotics simulation and
programming

19
Advantages of CAD/CAM systems

• Greater flexibility. • Better product design.


• Reduced lead times. • Greater manufacturing
• Reduced inventories. control.
• Increased Productivity. • Supported integration.
• Improved customer • Reduced costs.
service. • Increased utilization.
• Improved quality. • Reduction of machine
• Improved communications tools.
with suppliers. • Less floor space.
20

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