BMAT Section 1: Critical Thinking

Conclusion Questions

@IMATSTUDY
1.

BMAT Q6 (2003)

Here, the answer is D.

The conclusion here is internet voting might be undemocratic and lead to certain
political parties being favoured over others. Political parties and sections of societies are
synonymous to each other. This statement is paraphrased in statement D.

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Conclusion Questions

2.

BMAT Q15 (2004)

Here, the answer is D.

The conclusion here refers to the final sentence in the paragraph. Experiments should
only be conducted on a small number of animals if the outcome of those experiments
results in a benefit to the entire animal population. Hence, animal experiments are only
deemed acceptable if beneficial to animals and humans, as statement D refers to.

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Conclusion Questions

3.

BMAT Q17 (2004)

Here, the answer is A.

The conclusion here is statement A because the paragraph explains that the damage
caused by the oil spill is not yet history, meaning that the repercussions of the oil spill
are yet to be seen, which best summarises the argument raised in the paragraph.
Statement D is similar to A, however, it does not summarise the paragraph as well as
statement A does.
Statements B and E are true but support statement A rather than representing the
overarching conclusion.

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Conclusion Questions

4.

BMAT Q19 (2004)

Here, the answer is D.

The conclusion here is statement D because best summarises the points being raised
about sedentary lifestyles / lifestyles with less physical activity correlated with higher
rates diseases like high blood pressure, diabetes and obesity irregardless of age group.

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Conclusion Questions

5.

BMAT Q29 (2005)

Here, the answer is F.

Given that the final conclusion is that ‘global travel helps to immunise the population’ all
statements would make the conclusion unsafe.
Statement 1 is correct because if the vast majority of British residents do not travel
frequently, then they will not be immunised to ‘all infectious diseases’.
Statement 2 is would weaken the conclusion because being immune to one disease
does not necessarily equate to immunity against other infectious diseases.
Statement 3 is correct as children’s nutrition can be influenced by a number of things,
not only the strength of the economy.

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Conclusion Questions

6.

BMAT Q31 (2005)

Here, the answer is A.

Statement 1 is the only statement that can be safely concluded from the paragraph
because it generally discusses the benefits and risks of taking a ‘mini’ dose of aspirin by
outweighing the risks of developing a clot if not taken versus the risk of having a
cerebral haemorrhage if taken.
Statement 2 is not correct as the word ‘certainly’ implies that given those risk factors,
aspirin must be taken, which is not supported in the paragraph.
Statement 3 is incorrect because there is no information regarding increase in heart
attack percentage between ages 40-50 years of age.

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Conclusion Questions

7.

BMAT Q2 (2006)

Here, the answer is E.

The conclusion in this paragraph states that freedom of speech needs to be controlled
in order to achieve democracy, which is synonymous to statement E.

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Conclusion Questions

8.

BMAT Q6 (2006)

Here, the answer is C.

Statement C is correct because of the way that the final sentences weighs up how
magazines discuss the dangers of anorexia and bulimia but simultaneously exclusively
continue to use images of thin models to promote the latest fashions. Therefore it can
be deduced that print media seems to be inconsistent with their approach to eating
disorders amongst young women.

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Conclusion Questions

9.

BMAT Q24 (2006)

Here, the answer is C.

Statement C is correct because the passage explains that momentarily the virus cannot
spread easily between people as it is not an upper respiratory tract infection (which can
be transmitted through sneezing and coughing). However, if the virus mutates it can
change the way it infects victims and could potentially become more dangerous
resulting in a worldwide epidemic. Thus not unless it mutates to become more
dangerous, it is unlikely that with the current virus will a worldwide epidemic ensue,
resulting in statement C being correct.

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Conclusion Questions

10.

BMAT Q26 (2006)

Here, the answer is D.

The paragraph concludes that by 2020, nuclear energy will not be needed as a source of
worldwide electricity supply, thus building new ones will not be necessary.
Statement 1 makes the conclusion unsafe because if the world’s demand for electricity
increases by 2020, then other forms of energy supplies may not be sufficient to meet the
demands, therefore requiring nuclear energy.
Statement 2 also makes the conclusion unsafe because if the rate at which green
technology contributes to generating electricity decreases, then nuclear energy may be
needed to cover the rest of the energy demand.
Statement 3 is incorrect as the conclusion does not refer to nuclear energy waste
storage forms, thus making it irrelevant to the conclusion of not requiring nuclear energy
by 2020.

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Conclusion Questions

11.

BMAT Q29 (2006)

Here, the answer is D.

Statement 1 is correct because humans produce less glycidamide compared to animals

when acrylamide is broken down. Given that glycidamide can damage DNA and cause
cancer, it is therefore correct to say that ingesting acrylamide can be less dangerous for
humans compared to animals.
Statement 2 is incorrect because cooking at temperatures higher than 120 degrees
celsius means a higher proportion of food that contains acrylamide would break down
into glycidamide, which has been shown to be harmful to humans (albeit being more
harmful to animals).
Statement 3 is correct because cooking roast or fried potatoes at a lower temperature
means that more fat is absorbed into the food as well as a greater chance of bacteria
not being killed during cooking. At a higher temperature there will be a greater
proportion of glycidamide. Therefore eating them poses some sort of health risk.

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Conclusion Questions

12.

BMAT Q2 (2008)

Here, the answer is C.

Statement C is correct because traditional evolutionary theory states that animal’s ‘only
compelling drive is for personal survival.’ However, reciprocal altruism is not truly
selfless and is therefore compatible with traditional evolutionary theory.
Statement A is incorrect because there is no mention of humans in the paragraph.
Statement B is also incorrect because there is no mention of further information
potentially discrediting the traditional evolutionary theory.
Statement D is incorrect because it cannot be deduced that birds function as social
groups from the warning calls they produce to warn other birds.
Statement E is also incorrect as there is no mention how selflessness in the animal
kingdom contradicts ‘survival of the fittest’. This is a classic example whereby presumed
prior knowledge should not be used to supplement coming to an answer. Only use the
information given in the paragraph.

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Conclusion Questions

13.

BMAT Q15 (2008)

Here, the answer is D.

Statement D is correct because the study showed a change in the human body’s
reaction to low levels of radiation from mobile phones.
Statement A is incorrect because the study only looked at a change in two proteins
being expressed in the volunteers but there is no evidence to deduce that long term use
of phones have a negative effect on human health.
Statement B is incorrect because there is no mention that low levels of radiation from
mobile phones can be negligible to the human body.
Statement C is incorrect because keeping mobile phone conversations to less than one
hour can be deduced from the experiment conducted on the volunteers to simulate a
one hour mobile phone conversation.

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Conclusion Questions

14.

BMAT Q24 (2008)

Here, the answer is D.

Statement D is correct to deduce from the statement ‘you can be a millionaire now in
six months without even winning.’ This supports the statement that players make more
money from appearances and commitments outside of winning sports competitions.
Statement A is incorrect because there is no mention of playing standards being
reduced in competitors due to commitments outside of sporting.
Statement B is incorrect because there is no mention of how British players are more
interested in money compared to players from other countries despite their earning
potentials having increasing compared to past British player generations.
Statement C is incorrect because there is no mention of previous players were
unfriendly to their opponents despite British competitors being ‘too friendly’ now.
Statement E is incorrect because there is no mention that increased commitments
outside of sports makes it harder to win competitions, despite having increased
commitments outsides of competitive sports from players compared to past
competitors.

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Conclusion Questions

15.

BMAT Q4 (2009)

Here, the answer is B.

Statement B is correct because the paragraph explains that the costs of preventative
measures against heavy snowfall in the UK is not justifiable because it happens so
infrequently. This is summarised in the highlighted sentence which is synonymous with
statement B.
Statement A presents as evidence to the conclusion, rather than being the main
conclusion itself.

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Conclusion Questions

16.

BMAT Q26 (2009)

Here, the answer is E.

Statement E is correct because the paragraph explains how the large blue butterfly has
mimicked and used the ants communication forms to help feed its caterpillars, even if
the ants have to slaughter their own young to feed the caterpillars.
Statement A is incorrect because although the paragraph states that these abilities can
be ‘exploited by other parasitic insects’ it does not go as far as saying that the harm
produced by other parasitic insects could lead to the ants extinction.
Statement B is incorrect as the large blue butterfly is provided merely as an example
here rather than being depicted as the main species exploiting ant colonies.
Statement C is incorrect because the ants do not intentionally slaughter their own and
therefore do not betray their own species loyalty.
Statement D is incorrect because there is no mention of ants developing abilities to
protect themselves from threats posed by other parasites.

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Conclusion Questions

17.

BMAT Q30 (2009)

Here, the answer is D.

Statement D is correct because the passage summarises as highlighted above that ‘the
more systematic and organised the studies we conduct, the more likely they will
produce valid explanations that can be used to support decisions.’ Therefore it is fair to
conclude that explanations based on common sense rather than scientific grounding are
less valid, as expressed in statement D.

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Conclusion Questions

18.

BMAT Q4 (2010)

Here, the answer is C.

The paragraph generally explains how reducing spam emails can help to combat global
warming, as the emissions produced by spam emails were thought to be one of the
main contributors to global warming (as stated by the first sentence). Therefore, tackling
spam emails as one of the strategies to combat global warming, should be considered
as summarised in statement C.

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Conclusion Questions

19.

BMAT Q15 (2010)

Here, the answer is D.

Statement D is correct because the paragraph states that ‘500 child cyclists were killed
or seriously injured’ of which ‘more than 400 of whom were male.’ This means that less
than 100 of these seriously injured or killed were female and thus supporting the
conclusion that boys are more than twice as likely to be seriously injured or killed. Thus
statement D is correct.

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Conclusion Questions

20.

BMAT Q26 (2010)

Here, the answer is A.

Statement A is paraphrased in the first sentence whereby doctors are reluctant to work
any additional hours outside of their normal working hours due to the general public’s
behaviour.
Statement B is incorrect because there is no mention how the Government has
encouraged doctors to offer more out-of-hour work for urgent/non-urgent services.
Statement C is also incorrect as there is no distinction drawn about how the public
differentiates between urgent and non-urgent services.
Statement D is incorrect because although doctors may see a greater number of
patients who are non-urgent during out-of-hour times, it is not the main conclusion.
Statement E is incorrect because there is no mention that despite the increased
workload of doctors during out of hours time, that they should therefore turn away
patients to manage the workload.

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Conclusion Questions

21.

BMAT Q2 (2011)

Here, the answer is E.

None of these conclusions provided summarise the main conclusion from the passage
that ‘whales are trying to adapt to increased man made noise by either emitting much
louder noises or by calling at higher frequencies.’
Statement A is incorrect because we cannot infer that whales will become extinct
because of increased man made noise.
Statement B is incorrect because although wind farms contribute to a noisier sea
around the UK, it is not the sole reason for increased noise pollution. Additionally, there
is no mention how whales are having to sing louder or at higher frequencies because of
it.
Statement C is also incorrect because of the word ‘able to adapt’ in the statement.
There is no certainty that they will manage to adapt but rather the passage states that
they are ‘trying to adapt’ to increased man made noise.
Statement D is incorrect because although whale numbers have become severely
depleted it cannot be inferred that this depletion is due to increased growth of human
noise.

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Conclusion Questions

22.

BMAT Q26 (2011)

Here, the answer is C.

The main conclusion in the passage is summarised in the highlighted sentences whereby
the discovered ‘Goldilocks Zone’ with features similar to earth has the potential of
supporting life. It then concludes that because this planet was detected so quickly and
nearby to earth, that other such planets must be very common. This is summarised in
statement C.
Statement A is incorrect because it is not the main conclusion but rather evidence to
the conclusion, whereby gravity similar to that on Earth is a key feature to support life.
Statement B is also incorrect because although the ‘Goldilocks Zone’ is a region where
water can form, it is not explicitly mentioned that this feature ‘must’ exist in order to
support human life.
Statement D & E are both pieces of evidence presented in the passage rather than the
overarching main conclusion.

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Conclusion Questions

23.

BMAT Q30 (2011)

Here, the answer is B.

Statement B is correct here and is summarised by the last two sentences whereby
‘pulsars whizzing through the universe’, given ‘if sterile neutrinos did exist’.
Statement A is incorrect because of the use of the word ‘must’. The passage does not
certainly state that these sterile neutrinos are definitely the cause of the pulsars.
Statement C is incorrect because there is no mention of another hypothesis of the
pulsars and how the sterile neutrinos being the best hypothesis.
Statement D is incorrect because the passage does not certainly state that these
pulsars are due to the sterile neutrinos. Therefore, it cannot be deduced that these
pulsars would not exist given that sterile neutrinos did not exist.

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Conclusion Questions

24.

BMAT Q2 (2012)

Here, the answer is C.

The first paragraph in the passage focuses on providing evidence to support the final
conclusion that ‘pale-skinned people should be added to the list of those for whom
vitamin D supplements are recommended by the government’. This is paraphrased in
statement C.
Statement A is incorrect because the main conclusion of the passage does not state
that pale-skinned people need more sunlight exposure. Conversely, it highlights that
even ‘regardless of how long they sit in the sun’ they are less able to make and process
vitamin D in the body. Therefore this recommendation is in itself incorrect, based on the
evidence.
Statement D is incorrect because there is no mention of the increased risk of skin
cancer from increased sun exposure.
Statement E is incorrect because it cannot be inferred that dark skinned people need
more Vitamin D than pale-skinned people despite both being identified as high risk
groups for vitamin D deficiency.

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Conclusion Questions

25.

BMAT Q4 (2012)

Here, the answer is B.

The paragraph explains that to be able to power the increase in the UK’s electricity grid
in order to fuel electric cars, there needs to be an increase in fossil fuel consumption
which simultaneously produces increased carbon dioxide emissions. Therefore, in order
to meet this increased demand in electricity, there will be an increase in carbon dioxide
emissions being produced. This is summarised in statement B.
Statement A is incorrect because the electricity needed to power electric cars can be
provided by the UK’s electricity grid, given that it’s powered energy sources increase.
Statement C is incorrect as the main conclusion does not refer to the potential future
limitations of wind power. Additionally, the word ‘never’ in the statement is too bold to
be correct.
Statement D is also incorrect because it cannot be inferred that because electric
engines are more economical than petrol engines that they are also will increase carbon
dioxide emissions.

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Conclusion Questions

26.

BMAT Q13 (2012)

Here, the answer is D.

Statement D is correct because it is the only conclusion that is not too bold. The phrase
‘could have been caused’ is used in a similar way in the paragraph’s last sentence with
the the words ‘ which can upset…’. This makes the link between the weather changes in
the UK and the shrinkage of sea ice possible but not 100% certain.
Statements A-C are too bold with the use of words such as ‘only’, ‘if the artic ice…’
and ‘must have’ respectively. This make it out to be that the link between the two
variables mentioned is certain, making the statements incorrect.

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Conclusion Questions

27.

BMAT Q17 (2012)

Here, the answer is G.

Statement 1 is incorrect as it cannot be assumed that improving staffing levels at the

weekends would reduce death rates in hospitals. It is fair to assume that this statement
is correct from the phrase ‘staffing levels are often lower at weekends..’ However, this is
followed by the sentence ‘This may be contributing to the increase in mortality rates…’
The use of the word ‘may’ implies that it is a possibility but not 100% certain, which is
what statement 1 implies.
Statement 2 is incorrect because the passage explains that patients are admitted to
hospital instead of dying at home due to lack of specialist community and primary care
services. This means that the weekend mortality rates in hospitals are above what they
should be and so increasing specialised community based care would not affect the true
mortality rate in hospitals.
Statement 3 is incorrect because it assumes that lower levels of staffing are the cause
for increased deaths. But this cannot be assumed for certain as stated by the words
‘fewer patients should be admitted…’. The use of such words is too bold.

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Conclusion Questions

28.

BMAT Q2 (2013)

Here, the answer is C.

Statement C is correct here because the ‘habitable zone’ is not a reliable criteria to
asses whether a planet is habitable or not because it only considers whether liquid
water can exist based on the planet’s temperature. However, this measure not take into
account clouds for example, as stated in the last sentence of the paragraph. This
illustrates that this criteria has not taken into account other confounding factors that
could make a planet habitable. Therefore only statement C can be correct.
Statement A is incorrect as it is too bold of a statement and does not fully encompass
the conclusion of the entire passage.
Statement B is also incorrect because it cannot be inferred that it was previously
believed that fewer planets were thought to be habitable simply because they have
come up with a new criteria. There could have previously been another criteria that
would have made less/more planets habitable and so therefore cannot be inferred as
correct.
Statement D is incorrect because it is too bold to assume that clouds would be the sole
additional factor needed for life to exist on Kepler-22b.

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Conclusion Questions

29.

BMAT Q4 (2013)

Here, the answer is C.

Statement C is correct here as the paragraph generally explains that increased levels of
activity coupled with lower calorie consumption are key to losing weight. This is aided
using the vehicle analogy. The final conclusion is stated in the final sentence: ‘Therefore,
the secret to losing weight is painfully simple - do more and/or eat less’. This is
synonymous with statement C.
Statement A is incorrect because vehicles are used as an analogy rather than stating
that our bodies are like vehicles.
Statement B is incorrect because the paragraph explains that although not everything is
understood surrounding calorie consumption in the body, it explains that calorie burn is
related to the level of physical activity.
Statement D is incorrect because there is no mention how individuals burn calories at
different rates.
Statement E is incorrect because the conclusion states that calories can be burnt either
by increasing physical activity or eating less.

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Conclusion Questions

30.

BMAT Q2 (2014)

Here, the answer is C.

The passage starts by discussing how carnivores were previously thought to be the
most at risk from extinction. It then provides evidence to show that herbivores are more
vulnerable to becoming extinct than carnivores. The final highlighted sentence in the
paragraph insinuates the possibility of herbivores become extinct with the phrase
‘serious consequences for the herbivores that are grazing specialists.’ This makes
statement C the best conclusion for the above passage.
Statement A is a plausible conclusion, however, it is more focused on how
environmental changes are causing herbivores to become extinct over carnivores.
Whereas the passage generally discuss.

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Conclusion Questions

31.

BMAT Q4 (2014)

Here, the answer is B.

Statement B can be concluded from this paragraph as in the last two sentences it
discusses how there is a much greater population of dogs in France compared to
wolves (8000 wild dogs compared to 200 wolves). Additionally, it states that it is ‘very
difficult to distinguish between evidence of a wolf attack and dog attack.’ Therefore, any
sheep that has been supposedly thought to be attacked by a wolf could have been
attacked by a dog. Therefore any such claim should be taken with caution, as
summarised in statement B.
Statement A is incorrect because it does not best summarise the conclusion of the
paragraph how wolf bites could have potentially been confused for a dog’s bite.
Statement C is incorrect because it is not the main conclusion of the paragraph despite
being partially correct to assume as the second sentence states that the shepherds in
the region of the Haute-France region of the Alps have faced conflicts with the wolves
there.
Statement D is incorrect because it is too bold and does not capture the full essence of
the paragraphs conclusion that dog bites could be potentially causing the deaths of
sheeps as well as wolves.

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Conclusion Questions

32.

BMAT Q13 (2014)

Here, the answer is E.

Statement E is correct here as the final sentences summarises that a better method to
find out whether crime rates are increasing is by conducting population surveys by
asking if people have been victims of crime. This is summarised in statement E.
Statement A & B are pieces of evidence rather than summarising the main conclusion
of the paragraph, that because of targets set by the police, it is a less reliable form to
assess the true crime rate.
Statement C is incorrect as this is not the overarching conclusion but rather evidence
that police crime reports may not be the most reliable due to targets.
Statement D is incorrect as there is absolutely no mention of how victims are less likely
to inform the police of crimes due to retaliation from criminals.

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Conclusion Questions

33.

BMAT Q27 (2014)

Here, the answer is E.

Statements 2 & 3 are appropriate conclusions from this paragraph.

Statement 2 is correct because it is only correct to assume that the likelihood of being
seriously injured by a cyclist is almost equal to being seriously injured by a vehicle driver
when distance travelled is accounted for. This is stated in the second sentence with ‘per
billion kilometres travelled, cyclists seriously injured 21 pedestrians, compared with 24
pedestrians seriously injured by vehicle drivers.’
Statement 3 is correct as the paragraph states that ‘most collisions between
pedestrians and cyclists occur when pedestrians step into the road without seeing a
cyclist.’ Therefore it is appropriate to conclude that if pedestrians did not step on the
road and kept to walking on the pavement, that it would be less likely that they would be
seriously injured from cyclists. This is summarised in statement 3.
Statement 1 is incorrect because it does not account for the distance travelled.

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Conclusion Questions

34.

BMAT Q2 (2015)

Here, the answer is E.

Statement E is the best conclusion from all of the statements provided as the passage
explains that more than 75% of TB infections were recorded in people from more
deprived areas. Therefore, people born in the UK who are more affluent are less likely to
catch TB. This is synonymous with statement E.
Statement A is incorrect because the paragraph refers to people from deprived areas
having poorer immune systems due health problems or poor diets rather than coming
from other countries.
Statement B is incorrect to assume because the paragraph only states that people in
less deprived areas are more likely to have poorer diets. However, having a poor diet
does not necessarily mean that the person must be from a more deprived area.
Statement C is incorrect because the paragraph does not state that young doctors do
not take TB seriously. Instead it highlights that doctors from this generation are largely
unfamiliar with it.
Statement D is incorrect because there is no evidence to indicate that figures of TB
have been overestimated.

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Conclusion Questions

35.

BMAT Q6 (2015)

Here, the answer is C.

Statement C is correct here as the final two sentences explain how seed banks offer an
appropriate first step in dealing with the impact climate change will have on crop variety
and yields. It therefore mentions that these methods should be trialed now by farmers to
prepare for the future. This is summarised in statement C.
Statement A is evidence rather than the overarching conclusion.
Statement B is incorrect because the passage explains how seed banks are not the
only answer to the impending famine but rather an appropriate first step.
Statement D is incorrect because Africa and southeast Asia are only mentioned as
examples of areas that would be most affected rather than stating that they should be
trialing such seed banks.
Statement E is incorrect because it is too bold by stating that today’s crops will not be
viable in the future.

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Conclusion Questions

36.

BMAT Q15 (2015)

Here, the answer is A.

Statement A is correct because it mentions how primate experimentation (if ethically

accepted) could offer the development of treatments of neurological conditions in
humans, which would thus come as a benefit for humans.
Statement B is incorrect because the passage explains that computer modelling is
limited in understanding and coming up with treatment forms for human neurological
conditions.
Statement C is incorrect because there is no mention how creating new brain lessons in
humans can help cure brain disorders.
Statement D is incorrect because primate experimentation is not explicitly said to be
unacceptable under most conditions. This also does not capture the overarching
conclusion of the passage.
Statement E is also incorrect because it is too bold when it states that it will help ‘cure’
neurological conditions rather than help understand the effects of brain lesions and help
develop treatments and therapies.

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Conclusion Questions

37.

BMAT Q2 (2016)

Here, the answer is B.

Statement B is the best conclusion from all four options provided. The first sentence
quantifies the amount of carbon dioxide that Indonesia has emitted this current year due
to forest fires. This coupled with dry forest fires which burn peat (which releases more
carbon dioxide) is likely to result in carbon dioxide remaining within the atmosphere.
Statement A is incorrect because Indonesia emitted 1.6 out of the worlds maximum
target to emit less than 1000 gigatonnes of carbon dioxide per year. Therefore reducing
Indonesia’s yearly carbon dioxide emissions will not make huge difference in reducing
annual global carbon dioxide emissions.
Statement C is incorrect because there is no mention how much carbon dioxide
Indonesia will emit the following year.
Statement D is incorrect because it is too definitive when it states that ‘global warming
will not occur’ if forest fires can be prevented or better controlled.

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Conclusion Questions

38.

BMAT Q6 (2016)

Here, the answer is D.

Statement D is correct here because the first sentence starts by mentioning how an
increase in the cost of civil court cases is a great assault on citizen’s access to the law. It
therefore concludes that for justice to remain accessible to most ordinary people, the
government must reconsider imposing such costs. This is summarised in statement D.
Statement A & C are evidence statements to support the overarching conclusion.
Statement B is incorrect because it does not explicitly state that the increase in civil
court cases is equivalent to a saleable object.
Statement E is incorrect because although it is synonymous to the very last sentence, it
is evidence to support the conclusion; how imperative it is that the government
reconsiders the imposition of a rise in civil court case prices.

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Conclusion Questions

39.

BMAT Q15 (2016)

Here, the answer is B.

Statement B is correct here because it captures the final two sentences which conclude
that taking on a more ‘brain friendly lifestyle’ when younger can make it more likely to
retain greater cognitive performance into old age. Retaining such cognitive performance
involves retaining brain synapses. This is summarised in statement B.
Statement A & D are incorrect because they are too definitive.
Statement C is incorrect because there is no information in the text describing how
there is limited information regarding understanding deteriorating cognitive performance
in older age.
Statement E is incorrect as it misses the point of the paragraph and is not there to
increase brain donations for medical research post death.

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Conclusion Questions

40.

BMAT Q2 (2017)

Here, the answer is D.

Statement D provides the best conclusion for the given passage. It is correct to say that
despite an increase in prescription for antidepressants from 2005 to 2015 as well as the
increase in mental health disability claimants there is no evidence to support that these
antidepressants is helping people with mental health conditions. This is synonymous
with statement D.
Statements A, B & C are incorrect because there is no mention of any of this
information in the passage.

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 BMAT Section 1: Critical Thinking

Conclusion Questions

41.

BMAT Q26 (2017)

Here, the answer is C.

Statement C is correct because the passage concludes that despite the government
having estimated a prevention of 2,000 heart attacks with these new ‘health checks’, it
does not consider adherence to medicine or other lifestyle factors. Thus, it is not fair to
say for certain that these ‘health checks’ will have led to the prevention of 2,000 heart
attacks and strokes. This is summarised in statement C.
Statement A is incorrect because there is no mention how resources were justifiably
spent to conduct the ‘health checks’.
Statement B is evidence rather than the overarching conclusion. It is true to say that
these screening programmes alone will not change people’s health related behaviours
and therefore supports the argument that these health checks will have not
amalgamated to 2,000 heart attacks and strokes.
Statement D is incorrect because there is no mention of NHS resource allocation.
Statement E is incorrect because the passage only looks at ‘health checks’ given to
middle aged people rather than other age groups and their respective effective response
to them.

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 BMAT Section 1: Critical Thinking

Conclusion Questions

42.

BMAT Q2 (2018)

Here, the answer is B.

Statement B is correct because the article discusses that of all patients that were
diagnosed with the disease had the gene combination MM. However, the person who
passed away had the gene combination MV. This means that having one V gene does
not guarantee resistance to vCJD. This is paraphrased in statement B.
Statement A is incorrect because although 11% represents the population who have
got VV as their gene combination, there is no information given about VV individuals and
their susceptibility to vCJD. It cannot be assumed that because MM and MV
combinations seem to be affected that VV individuals would not be affected.
Statement C is incorrect because there is no mention that if you have the gene MM that
you will develop it. It is only mentioned that those who have tested positive for vCJD
have been MM.
Statement D is incorrect because 38% of the UK population have got the gene MM
rather than 51% of the population who have got the gene MV combination. The correct
answer would have to be 38% for the population to be at risk of developing vCJD in the
future.

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 BMAT Section 1: Critical Thinking

Conclusion Questions

43.

BMAT Q6 (2018)

Here, the answer is C.

Statement E is correct here because the passage weighs up the advantages and
disadvantages of social media to then summarise in the final sentence that it has
become a platform whereby untruths can ‘undermine democracy.’ This is paraphrased
in statement C.
Statement A is incorrect because there is no information in the text stating that
censorship will be needed in order to regulate false information on social media in order
to maintain democracy.
Statement B is incorrect because initially technological developments were a useful tool
to empower people on social media. But the statement does not highlight how these
technological developments have specifically led social media to affect democracy.
Statement D is incorrect because it is evidence to the overarching conclusion.
Statement E is incorrect because it does not state that organised protests were
undemocratic.

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 BMAT Section 1: Critical Thinking

Conclusion Questions

44.

BMAT Q15 (2018)

Here, the answer is A.

Statement 1 here is correct because given that the Right promotes freedom and
prosperity of businesses, newspaper owners can take advantage of this to ‘secure
economic conditions favourable to their businesses.’ Therefore statement 1 is correct
because the Right promotes/supports the interests of small businesses such as
newspapers and therefore their own interests.
Statement 2 is incorrect because the British press does not necessarily favour the Right
just because the Right favours providing an environment whereby businesses such as
newspapers can support their own interests.

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 BMAT Section 1: Critical Thinking

Conclusion Questions

45.

BMAT Q28 (2018)

Here, the answer is D.

Statement D is correct here because the final sentence summarises how individual
components of health checks may be effective in areas where certain diseases are more
prevalent. Statement D summarises this by saying that targeted screening programmes
(i.e. in a certain geographical area) may be more effective than universal programmes.
Statement A is incorrect because the paragraph only states that people who are better
off or healthier receive such screening tests. It fails to mention that people who are
better off are necessarily leading healthier lifestyles.
Statement B is incorrect because the paragraph is trying to explain that such routine
screening programmes have been commonly used in the past and that targeted
screening programmes may be more useful, rather than discussing whether they were
over or underestimated.
Statement C is incorrect because the paragraph does not mention how individuals
receiving breast cancer screening tests are or are not being informed of the possibility of
‘false positive’ results.

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 BMAT Section 1: Critical Thinking

Conclusion Questions

46.

BMAT Q13 (2019)

Here, the answer is B.

The paragraph argues that the price of coffee is positively correlated with the length that
people take to drink the coffee at the place of purchase. Hence, the longer that people
stay at coffee shops to drink their coffee, the more expensive the coffee will thus be. The
length of time that people spend at coffee shops is determined and shaped by a
country’s culture. Therefore, the passage concludes that ‘It’s difference in drinking
culture that has the greatest effect on the difference of the price of a cup of coffee.’ This
is paraphrased in statement B.

Statement A, C & D are pieces of evidence rather than summarising the main
conclusion.

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 BMAT Section 1: Critical Thinking

Conclusion Questions

47.

BMAT Q15 (2019)

Here, the answer is C.

The paragraph explains that these hyperbolic terms are largely agreed on what their
meanings are as they are commonly used in language. These terms are largely based on
agreed upon terms, as the stem of the words comes from a definitive world (-teen and -
zillion). Therefore, these hyperbolic terms are largely more structured and rule-based
then first appears. This is summarised in statement C.

Statement A is incorrect because there is no mention how these hyperbolic terms

encourage exaggeration and rhetoric.

Statement B is incorrect because again there is no mention of native speakers.

Statement D is incorrect because although these hyperbolic terms are based on

models, they are not unusual in that there is a clearer structure and meaning to these
words than seems obvious at first sight.

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 BMAT Section 1: Critical Thinking

Conclusion Questions

48.

BMAT Q24 (2019)

Here, the answer is B.

The paragraph provides three different examples of species that have adopted this
method of ‘parasitism’, whereby these birds will lay their eggs in the nests of other bird
species nests. It then explains that convergent evolution is where ‘unrelated groups with
similar ways of their life evolve similar adaptations that help them thrive.’ The similar
adaptation discussed in the text is how these species have developed thicker shells to
their advantage in comparison to other species. Therefore, it is fair to say that ‘brood
parasitism’ is an example of convergent evolution.

Statement A & C are both pieces of evidence rather than the overarching conclusion.

Statement D is incorrect because this too does not represent the overarching
conclusion. It is also too definitive in the way it states that convergent evolution can
‘only’ occur if there is a clear benefit to the species, given their change in life adaptation.
However, this can neither be assumed for certain, despite the example given shown to
be beneficial for the survival of the three species provided.

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 BMAT Section 1: Critical Thinking

Conclusion Questions

49.

BMAT Q26 (2019)

Here, the answer is C.

The paragraph explains that technological advancements in the sport of swimming,

such as improved swimsuits to evolved swimming pool environments, have ultimately
enabled top competitors to set new time records. This is the overarching conclusion
which is summarised in statement 3.

Statement 1 is incorrect because we cannot assume that not many world records will
be broken over the next few years. On the contrary, given the increase in technological
evolvement, it is likely that more world records will be broken. But this too, does not
represent the overarching conclusion.

Statement 2 is incorrect because there is no mention of natural ability in the text.

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 BMAT Section 1: Critical Thinking

Conclusion Questions

50.

BMAT 30 (2019)

Here, the answer is C.

The paragraph generally explains that the greater the number of books that mothers
read regarding feeding and sleeping schedules, the worse they felt. The statement ‘most
of the mothers in the study had used routine-led baby manuals that advise mothers to
implement routines of feeding and sleeping, implying that such routines are easy to
establish.’ It then goes on to state that every one in six mothers felt like a failure after
reading such books. This implies that mothers experienced difficulty in establishing such
feeding and sleeping routines. This is summarised in statement C, which is the best
overarching conclusion.

Statement A is incorrect as there is no mention of mothers seeking advice from their

own mothers in the text, hence we can therefore not assume that statement A is true.

Statement B is incorrect because there is no mention of the stated relationship in the

paragraph.

Statement D is incorrect because although this can be deduced as correct, it cannot be

accepted as generally true, as this is only based off of one study.

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