10

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION
Misamis Street, Bago-Bantay, Quezon City

UNIFIED SUPPLEMENTARY LEARNING MATERIALS

(USLeM)

(COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING NC II)

QUARTER 4 – MODULE 7

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Mr. Romeo T. Navarro Jr.

Content Editors: Mr. Gregorio S. Quineri
Language Editor: Dr. Valentina A. Ballesteros
Management Team: Wilfredo E. Cabral, Regional Director – NCR
Dr. Dominico C. Idanan, Schools Division Superintendent
Micah Pacheco, OIC-CLMD Chief – NCR, EPS Science NCR
Madeline Ann L. Diaz, CID Chief SDO MuntinlupaCity
James A, Roldan, EPS TLE – NCR
Dennis M. Mendoza, LR EPS – NCR
Nancy C. Mabunga, Librarian – NCR
Dr. Valentina A. Ballesteros, EPS-SDO Muntinlupa City
Dr. Gina U. Urquia, LR EPS SDO Muntinlupa City

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Sale
 UNIFIED SUPPLEMENTARY LEARNING MATERIALS
Grade 10 – (ICT)
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HARDWARE RELATED PROBLEMS

EXPECTATIONS
At the end of the module, you should be able to:
1. identify and diagnose faults or problems in the computer systems;
2. troubleshoot hardware failures in the peripherals and computer system; and
3. manage and implement contingency measures to problems.

PRE-TEST
Directions: Write TRUE if the statement is correct, otherwise write FALSE. Write the correct
answer on a separate sheet of paper.

______ 1. The solution to a jammed key on the keyboard is to clean the key and contacts
from any dust or foreign particle using an air blower or brush.

______ 2. If the system unit becomes slow and sluggish due to multi-tasking, it might be
due to having a low memory (RAM) capacity.

______ 3. When a monitor screen went black and lost display, you will need to replace it
with a new one immediately.

______ 4. The safety guidelines are established to protect the technician only.

______ 5. It is highly recommended to use an anti-static mat ang strap when

troubleshooting a system unit.

______ 6. The erratic mouse movement is a sign of a faulty mouse sensor.

______ 7. You can use a CPU or motherboard that has a lot of bent pins.

______ 8. You can use any types of motherboard as replacement for your faulty one.

______ 9. A system unit can still turn on even if the monitor is malfunctioning.

______ 10. A faulty keyboard has keys that are defective.

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 UNIFIED SUPPLEMENTARY LEARNING MATERIALS
Grade 10 – (ICT)
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LOOKING BACK
Directions: Secret Code Game. Find the missing word and write your correct answer on a
separate sheet of paper.

A:1 B:2 C:3 D:4 E:5 F:6 G:7

H:8 I:9 J : 10 K : 11 L : 12 M : 13 N : 14
O : 15 P : 16 Q : 17 R : 18 S : 19 T : 20 U : 21
V : 22 W : 23 X : 24 Y : 25 Z : 26 - : 27 Space : 28

1. 2,5,9,14,7,28,15,2,19,5,22,1,14,20 _________________________________
2. 20,1,11,5,28,1,28,2,18,5,1,20,8,5,18 _________________________________
3. 20,18,15,21,2,12,5,19,8,15,15,20,9,14 _________________________________
4. 4,15,3,21,13,5,14,20,28,6,9,1,4,9,14,7,19 _________________________________
5. 3,15,13,16,20,9,1 _________________________________

BRIEF INTRODUCTION

Hardware troubleshooting is the process of reviewing, diagnosing, and identifying

operational or technical problems within a hardware device or equipment. It aims to resolve
physical and/or logical problems and issues within a computing hardware. Hardware problems
can sometimes be caused by issues such as incompatible components, loose connections, or
misconfigurations.

Safety Guidelines

Observing safety guidelines before and during any system unit troubleshooting is an
essential responsibility for you as future technician. As always, remember the 12 OHS Policy
guidelines to protect yourself and others from danger together with the unit for further damage.

An Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Policy is simply a method of stating how
you, your employees, contractors, and visitors are expected to behave when they are on
Company property or performing company related activities. As an employer or responsible
contractor, you are required by law to provide a 'safe system of work'.

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 UNIFIED SUPPLEMENTARY LEARNING MATERIALS
Grade 10 – (ICT)
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12 Occupational Health and Safety Policy (OHSP)

1. Do not work alone so that there is someone who can take care of you in case of
emergency.
2. Always power off the computer and unplug the computer before working on it.
3. Take away any liquid near your working area to avoid getting electrocuted or accidentally
damaging computer parts.
4. Be careful with tools that may cause short circuit.
5. Always ground or discharge yourself before touching any part of the computer.
6. Do not use excessive force if things do not quite slip into place.
7. Clean the area before and after using it to maintain sanitation and prevent accidents.
8. Hold the components on the edges and do not touch the Integrated Circuit (IC) parts.
9. Always wear personal protective equipment (PPE) in accordance with the organization's
OHS procedures and practices.
10. Make sure that the pins are properly aligned when connecting a cable connector.
11. Contingency measures during workplace accidents, fire and other emergencies are
recognized.
12. Use brush, compressed air, or blower in cleaning the computer system.

Common problems in each computer system and techniques to resolve it:

Monitor

A monitor is essential in many computer systems. A black screen is one of the common
problems that you ma encounter with the monitor.

Problem: Screen is blank

Findings No power No display Faulty
The power
Probable It is not connected to Loose (RAM)
connector is loose
cause the system unit. memory.
or not plugged in.
• Check if the • Check if the • Reseat the • Connect the
power cable is display cable is (RAM) monitor to
properly properly memory another
inserted into connected to the module system unit.
the monitor. monitor and into its slot. • If the
• If the problem system unit (use problem
Solutions
persists, try to the video card if persists,
replace the there is any). replace the
power cable. • If the problem monitor.
persists, try to
replace the
display cable

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 UNIFIED SUPPLEMENTARY LEARNING MATERIALS
Grade 10 – (ICT)
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Central Processing Unit (CPU) or Processor

The CPU is one of the important and sensitive components of the system unit. When it
fails and malfunctions, more often the only way to fixed it is to replace it.

Problem: PC is not working

Findings Not properly installed Bent pins (AMD processor)

Probable
Lack of knowledge Mishandling
cause
• Reseat the CPU • Let an expert repair the bend pins
Solutions • Check if there is a burn or • Replace the defective component
shorted contact and replace it.

CPU/ System Fan/s

The fan/s ensures that the heat generated by the components is properly dissipated
outside the unit. When this fan/s stops working, the system will malfunction due to overheating.

Problem: Over heating

Findings Cooling fans is not spinning properly. Faulty
Too much dust
Probable
accumulation on Not enough voltage Old age
cause
the blades
• Clean the • Check the cable for any damage. • Replace
dust and • See if the power supply or the
Solutions lint clogged motherboard has fried/short defective
on the fan circuit. component.
blades • Replace the defective component.

Hard Disk Drive (HDD) or Solid-State Drive (SSD)

Problem with the HDD and SDD or any storage devices may originate from a hardware
or software issues in the system.

Problem: Not detected

Findings Operating system will not boot or missing drive on the local disk
Wear and Tear
Probable The SATA or power cable are Mishandling or
(excessive write
cause loose or not working properly excessive vibration
and write)
• Check if the connectors a • Replace the • Replace the
properly plugged in. defective defective
Solutions
• Replace the defective storage drive storage drive
connectors.

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 UNIFIED SUPPLEMENTARY LEARNING MATERIALS
Grade 10 – (ICT)
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Problem: Not working properly

Findings Data cannot be accessed

Probable
Low health Bad sectors Malware Infection
cause
• Ask the help of a • Defrag the disk. • Run your trusted
professional that can • Transfer the data anti-virus software
Solutions
retrieve your data. and files to a new to clean your
drive. system.

Random-Access Memory (RAM)

Problems with the system memory greatly affects the overall performance of the
computer.

Problem: Slow or experience hang-up or system crash

Findings Malware Low memory

Probable Amount of memory is insufficient to
Infected by virus
cause support the system operation
• Use an anti-virus program to • Upgrade to a much larger
Solutions scan and clean the system capacity RAM that is compatible
to the system.

Power Supply (PSU)

The power supply (PSU) provides electrical power to the different component of the
system unit. If ever it malfunctions, it can cause a chain reaction that can damage another
connected component. So, it is recommended to immediately address the problem.

Problem: System does not have power

Findings Fan is not spinning & No power indicator

Probable Power cable is The power cable
Faulty
cause loose is defective
• Make sure the • Replace with a • Use a multi meter to test the
power cable is heavy-duty voltage.
Solutions securely power cable. • If no reading of any power,
plugged in replace the defective
component.

Problem: Noisy Fan

Findings Fan is not spinning but cause irritating noise

Probable
Fan is dirty Faulty
cause
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 UNIFIED SUPPLEMENTARY LEARNING MATERIALS
Grade 10 – (ICT)
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• Clean the PSU • If no reading of any power, replace the defective
vent holes with component.
Solutions
an air blower. • Replace the whole power supply.

Note: Do not attempt to disassemble a faulty power supply if you do not have the knowledge
and experience in troubleshooting electric circuits. Large capacitor that can be found
inside the power supply can store enough electricity that can get you electrocuted.

Keyboard

Problem: System does not have power

Findings Fan is not spinning & No power indicator

Probable Power cable is The power cable
Faulty
cause loose is defective
• Make sure the • Replace with a • Use a multi meter to test the
power cable is heavy-duty voltage.
Solutions securely power cable. • If no reading of any power,
plugged in replace the defective
component.

ACTIVITIES

Directions: Answer the following questions and write your answer on a separate sheet of paper
(Short bond paper).

1. As a student and future technician what are the importance of following safety guidelines
while doing a troubleshooting task?
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2. Describe the probable causes of the problem of having no power to the system unit?

________________________________________________________________________
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 UNIFIED SUPPLEMENTARY LEARNING MATERIALS
Grade 10 – (ICT)
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3. What is the importance of hardware troubleshooting?

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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REMEMBER

• One of the main ways to avoid having to know how to troubleshoot common PC hardware
problems is to put a higher emphasis on preventive maintenance. Most people and
companies tend to just ignore or patch up developing problems. These can be short-term
fixes for minor things, but the value of following a long-term strategy that will keep the
technology reliably up and running well cannot be understated. The elements of time,
frustration, money, and security will always add up to be more than what procrastination
is worth.

• Always remember there will always come a day when it is time to start from scratch with
a new computer. Technologies are changing for the better every single day.

CHECKING YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Directions: Complete the statement below based on what have you learned.

1. In this module I have learned ________________________________________________

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2. I still have questions related to_______________________________________________

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 UNIFIED SUPPLEMENTARY LEARNING MATERIALS
Grade 10 – (ICT)
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3. I can help my classmate in __________________________________________________

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4. I can use disk Management to_______________________________________________

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5. The most interesting thing I have learned is _____________________________________

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POST-TEST
Directions: Write TRUE if the statement is correct, otherwise write FALSE. Write the correct
answer on a separate sheet of paper.

______ 1. A faulty keyboard has keys that are defective.

______ 2. A system unit can still turn on even if the monitor is malfunctioning.

______ 3. If the system unit becomes slow and sluggish due to multi-tasking, it might be
due to having a low memory (RAM) capacity.

______ 4. It is highly recommended to use an anti-static mat ang strap when

troubleshooting a system unit.

______ 5. The erratic mouse movement is a sign of a faulty mouse sensor.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

(This is a Government Property. Not for Sale.)

Page 8
 UNIFIED SUPPLEMENTARY LEARNING MATERIALS
Grade 10 – (ICT)
__________________________________________________________________________________

6. The safety guidelines are established to protect the technician only.

7. The solution to a jammed key on the keyboard is to clean the key and contacts
from any dust or foreign particle using an air blower or brush.

8. When a monitor screen went black and lost display, you will need to replace it
with a new one immediately.

9. You can use a CPU or motherboard that has a lot of bent pins.

10. You can use any types of motherboard as replacement for your faulty one.

REFERENCES

Educating IT Professionals to Make Smarter Decisions. Techopedia. (n.d.).

https://www.techopedia.com/.

H&D INFOrmation TECHnology, Inc. (n.d.). Computer Hardware Servicing - Exploratory

Module.

Rosalie P. Lujero, K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum- Technology and Livelihood Education

Learning Module – Grade 10 - Information and Communications Technology Computer
Hardware Servicing CHS 10.

Rodriguez, M. (2020, October 7). How to Troubleshoot Common PC Hardware Problems: Part
1. Pluralsight. https://www.pluralsight.com/blog/tutorials/troubleshooting-hardware.

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 UNIFIED SUPPLEMENTARY LEARNING MATERIALS
Grade 10 – (ICT)
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ANSWER KEY
PRE-TEST LOOKINGBACK POST-TEST
1. TRUE 1. Being observant 1. TRUE
2. TRUE 2. Take a breather 2. TRUE
3. FALSE 3. Troubleshooting 3. TRUE
4. FALSE 4. Document findings 4. TRUE
5. TRUE 5. CompTIA 5. TRUE
6. TRUE 6. FALSE
7. FALSE 7. TRUE
8. FALES 8. FALSE
9. TRUE 9. FALSE
10. TRUE 10. FALSE

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