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Chapter 1-2 Statics Unified (Dr. Duaij AlRukaibi)

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30 views32 pages

Chapter 1-2 Statics Unified (Dr. Duaij AlRukaibi)

Uploaded by

bnbzrh7xjw
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Kuwait University

College of Engineering and Petroleum


Civil Engineering Department

Statics
Eng 0600202

Instructor
Dr. Duaij AlRukaibi
CHAPTER

Statics
1 Introduction
Contents
What is Mechanics?
Fundamental Concepts
Fundamental Principles
Systems of Units
Method of Problem Solution
Numerical Accuracy
1.1What is Mechanics?
1.2 Fundamental Concepts

• Particle: has a mass, but it size can be neglected.


• Rigid Body: A rigid body can be considered as a combination of a large number of Particles

Fundamental Principles
NEWTON's LAWS OF MOTION
1.3 The International System of Units & Conversion
• We will work with two unit systems in statics:
• International System (SI)
• U.S. Customary (USCS)
1.4-1.5 Numerical Calculations & Problem solving
RULES FOR USING SI SYMBOLS
Prefixes
Exp. form prefix SI symbol
Multiple
1 000 000 000 109 Giga G
1 000 000 106 Mega M

1 000 103 Kilo K


Submultiple
0.001 10-3 Milli m
0.000 001 10-6 Micro µ

0.000 000 001 10-9 Nano n


Example 2
QUIZ #1

1. For a static’s problem your calculations show the final answer as


12345.6 N. What will you write as your final answer?
A) 12345.6 N B) 12.3456 kN C) 12 kN
D) 12.3 kN E) 123 kN

2. The density (mass/Volume) of aluminum is 5.26 slug/ft3 .


Determine its density in SI units. Use an
appropriate prefix.
CHAPTER

Statics
2 Force Vectors
Contents
Introduction
2.1 Scalars and Vectors
2.2 Vector Operations
2.3Vector addition of Forces
2.4 Addition of a system of Coplanar
2.5 Cartesian Vectors
2.6 Position Vectors
Sample Problem
Extra Problems
Group Problems
Introduction:
The objective for the current chapter is to investigate the effects of forces on particles:
• Replacing multiple forces acting on a particle with a single equivalent or resultant force,
• Relations between forces acting on a particle that is in a state of equilibrium.
The focus on particles does not imply a restriction to miniscule bodies. Rather, the study is
restricted to analyses in which the size and shape of the bodies is not significant so that all forces
may be assumed to be applied at a single point.

2.1 SCALARS AND VECTORS


A scalar: is any positive or negative physical quantity that can be completely specified by its
magnitude.

A vector: is any physical quantity that requires both a magnitude and direction for its complete
description. A vector is shown graphically by an arrow. The length of the arrow represents the
2.1 SCALARS AND VECTORS
magnitude of the vector, and a fixed axis defines the direction of its line of action .The head of the
arrow indicates the sense of direction of the vector

Scalars Vectors
Examples: mass, volume force, velocity
Characteristics: It has a magnitude It has a magnitude
(positive or negative) and direction

Addition rule: Simple arithmetic Parallelogram law


Special Notation: None Bold font, a line, an
a rrow or a “carrot”
2-4

Dr. Duaij AlRukaibi


2.2 VECTOR OPERATIONS

Scalar Multiplication and Division


2.3 Vector Addition of Forces
RESOLUTION OF A VECTOR
Resolving Forces into Components
•
“Resolution” of a vector is breaking up a vector into
Reverse process of vector addition. Split a force into two (• or more) components.
components. It is kindRof = Plike
+ Qusing the parallelogram law in
Given R, Find P and Q ? reverse.

• The resultant is equivalent to the diagonal of


a parallelogram which contains the two
forces in adjacent legs.

• Force is a vector quantity.

2 - 10
Dr. Duaij AlRukaibi

Example 1:
Sample Problem 2.1

The two forces act on a bolt at A.


Determine their resultant.
Sample Problem2.2
2.4 Rectangular Components of a Force
When a force in resolved into two components along the x and y-axes the components are then
called rectangular components.
Addition of forces in x-y components by Summing Components
To
find the resultant magnitude and direction,
Fy
F = F +F x
2
y
2
q = tan -1

Fx
Sample Problem 2.3
EXAMPLE:
Extra EXAMPLE

Given: Three concurrent forces


acting on a bracket.
Find: The magnitude and
angle of the resultant
force.

Plan:
a) Resolve the forces in their x-y components.
b) Add the respective components to get the resultant vector.
c) Find magnitude and angle from the resultant components.
GROUP PROBLEM SOLVING

Given: Three concurrent


forces acting on a
bracket
Find: The magnitude and
angle of the
resultant force.
Plan:
a) Resolve the forces in their x-y components.
b) Add the respective components to get the resultant vector.
c) Find magnitude and angle from the resultant components.
Example
Tension in BC = 725 N.
Determine the resultant of the 3 forces at B.
Determine the x and y components of F1 and F2 acting on the boom shown in Fig. 2–18a .
Express each force as a Cartesian vector.
F1 = -100 i + 173 j6N Ans.
F2 = 240 i - 100 j6N Ans.

The end of the boom O in Fig. 2–20a is subjected to three concurrent and coplanar forces.
Determine the magnitude and direction of the resultant force.
FR = 485 N and 37.8o

Determine the magnitude and direction of the resultant force

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