Experiment 9

To study the automated lathe.

 AUTOMATIC LATHES
• All movements of cutting tools, their sequence of
operations, applications, feeding of raw material, parting
off, un loading of finished parts all are done on machine.
• All working & idle operations are performed in definite
sequence by control system adopted in automatic which is
set up to suit a given work.
• Only operation req to be performed manually is loading
of bar stock/ individual casting/ forged blanks.
• These machines are used when production requirements
are too high for turret lathes to produce economically.
 CLASSIFICATION OF AUTOMATIC LATHES
• Depending up on type of work machined these machines
are classified as:
1. Magazine loaded Automatics:
• Machines used for producing components from separate
blanks.
• Also called as automatic checking machines.
2. Automatic Bar Machines:
• designed for machining components from bar/ pipe
stock.
• M/c’s are used for manufacture of high quality fasteners
(screws, nuts), bushings, shafts, rings, rollers, handles
which are usually made of bar / pipe stock.
• Depending upon number of work spindles, automatic
lathes are classified as:
1. Single Spindle Automatics.
2. Multi Spindle Automatics.

• Depending upon purpose & arrangement of spindle also

automatics are classified as:
1. Purpose➔ General & single purpose m/c.
2. Arrangement of spindle➔ Horizontal & vertical
 Types of Automatic Lathe

• Automatic cutting off lathe

• Single spindle automatic lathe
• Swiss type automatic lathe
• Multiple spindle automatic lathes
a) Automatic Cutting Off Machine: video
• These machines produce short w/p’s of simple form by means
of cross sliding tools. Machines are simple in design.
• Head stock with spindle is mounted on bed.
• 2 cross slides are located on bed at front end of spindle.
• CAMS on cam shaft actuate movements of cross slide through
system of levers.
Operation:
• The reqd length of work(stock) is fed out with a cam
mechanism, up to stock stop which is automatically advanced
in line with spindle axis at each end of cycle.
• Stock is held in collet chuck of rotating spindle.
• Typical simple parts (3 to 20 mm dia) machined on such a
machine is shown in fig.
b) Single spindle Automatic Screw m/c:
Single spindle automatic lathe
• Used for producing small screws(12.7 to 60 mm dia) generally, but
also in production of all sorts of small turned parts.
• These are completely automatic bar type turret lathes, designed for
machining complex internal & external surfaces on parts made of
bar stock/separate blanks.
• Up to 10 different cutting tools can be employed at one time in
tooling of this kind of machine.
• 2 cross slides(front & rear) are employed for cross feeding tools.
• Vertical tool slides for parting off operation may also be provided .
• Head stock is stationary & houses the spindle.
• Bar stock is held in collet chuck & advanced after each piece is
finished & cut off.
• All movements of machine units are actuated by cams mounted on
cam shaft.
c) Swiss type automatic screw/Sliding head screw:
video
• As name implies in this m/c head stock is movable & tools are
fixed.
• These machines are used for machining long accurate parts of small
diameter.(2 to 25mm).
• Bar stock is held in rotating collet in head stock & all longitudinal
feeds are obtained by cam which moves entire head stock as unit.
• Rotating bar stock is fed through hard bushing in centre of tool
head.
• Mostly diameter turning is done by 2 horizontal slides, other 3
slides used for operations such as knurling, chamfering, cutoff.
• Tools are controlled & positioned by cams that bring tool in as
needed to turn, face, form, cutoff w/p from bar as it emerges from
bushing. Close tolerances 0.005 to 0.00125 mm are obtained.
 Multi spindle automatic lathes
Video1, video2
• For further increase in rate of production of jobs
usually of smaller size and simpler geometry.
Multi spindle automatic lathes having four to
eight parallel spindles are preferably used.
• Unlike multi spindle turret lathes, multi spindle
automatic lathes ;
• are horizontal (for working on long bar stocks)
• work mostly on long bar type or tubular blanks
• Multiple spindle automats also may be parallel
action or progressively working type.
 Multi spindle automatics
– Parallel action multi spindle machine :
• In this type of machine same operation is performed on each
spindle, w/p is finished in each spindle in one working cycle.
• It means that
No. of components being machined= No. of spindles in machine.
• Rate of production is high & machine can be used to machine
simple parts only since all the machining processes are done at one
position.
• Horizontal work spindles that are arranged one above the another
are housed in this head stock.
• Cross slides are located at right & left hand sides of spindles &
carry cross feeding tools. All working & auxiliary motions of
machine unit are obtained from CAM mounted on cam shaft.
Multi Spindle Lathe – 6 Spindles
• In this design of machine, the w/p is machined in states &
progressively in station after station.
• Head stock is mounted on left end of base of machine.
• It carries spindle carrier which rotates about a horizontal
axis through centre of machine.
• Working spindles are mounted on this spindle carriers.
• Spindles carry collets & bars from which w/p’s are
machined.
• Bar stock is fed through each spindle from rear side.
• On face of spindle carrier support are mounted cross
slides which carry tools for operations such as cutoff,
turning, facing, forming, chamfering.
• No. of slides === No. of spindles.