MATHEMATICS

TARGET JEE

QUESTION BANK
ON
MATRICES

Time Limit: 4 Sitting Each of 60 Minutes duration approx.

 [STRAIGHT OBJECTIVE TYPE]
Q.1 If the maximum number of distinct elements in a symmetric matrix of order n is 45, then the value of n
is
(A*) 9 (B) 10 (C) 15 (D) none
[Sol.68/mat
n (n  1)
= 45  n = 9 Ans.]
2

Q.2 Let matrix A of order 3 is such that A2 = 2A – I where I is an identity matrix of order 3.
Then for n  N and n  2, An is equal to
(A*) nA – (n – 1)I (B) nA – I (C) 2n – 1 A – (n – 1)I (D) 2n – 1 A – I
[Sol.77/mat/SC As we have A2 = 2A – I
 A2A = (2A – I) A = 2A2 – IA
 A3 = 2(2A – I) – IA = 3A – 2I
Similarly, A4 = 4A – 3I
A5 = 5A – 4I
..................
..................
..................
Hence, An = nA – (n – 1) I. Ans.]

 x 2x 3x 
Q.3 Let M =  f ( x ) g ( x ) h ( x ) be a singular matrix. If f(x) = ln (ex + 1) and g(x) = ln (ex – 1), then the
 0 1 1 

value of h'(ln 3) is
9 9
(A) (B*) (C) 3 (D) 6
8 4
[Sol.103/mat/SC C1  C1 + C 2
3x 2x 3x
det.M = f ( x )  g ( x ) g ( x ) h (x )
1 1 1
det.M to be zero
h(x) = f(x) + g(x)
ex ex 3 3 9
h'(x) = f '(x) + g'(x) = x  =  = . Ans.]
e  1 ex 1 4 2 4

  1  2  2
Q.4 Let A =  2 1  2 . If adj. A = kAT then the value of 'k' is
 2  2 1 
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C*) 3 (D) 4
[Sol.147/mat/SC We know that | adj A | = | A |2 for a 3 × 3 matrix
Given adj A = KAT  |adj A| = |KAT| = K3 | A | (|AT| = | A | )
 K3 | A | = | A |2
 K3 = | A | ; Now det A = – 1 (1 – 4) – 2(– 2 – 4) + 2 (4 + 2) = 27  k3 = 27
K = 3. ]

Page # 2
 a b a b
Q.5 A matrix   is said to be singular if ad – bc = 0. If the matrix  c d  is formed at random by
 c d   
choosing integer values a, b, c, d at random from the interval [– 2, 2] with replacement then the probability
p
that the matrix will be singular is . The value of p is
625
(A) 91 (B) 118 (C*) 129 (D) none
a b
[Sol.154/mat/SC  4
 ; n(S) = 5 = 625
 c d 
S : {– 2, – 1, 0, 1, 2}
for singular matrix
a b
=0
c d
 ad – bc = 0
 ad = bc = 1
product ad = bc = 0
a d b c

9 × 9 ways
product product
ad = bc = 1 ad = bc = –1
a d b c a d b c
1 1 1 -1
-1 -1 -1 1
2 × 2 = 4 ways 2 × 2 = 4 ways

product product
ad = bc = 2 ad = bc = –2
a d b c a d b c
1 2 1 -2
2 1 -2 1
–1 –2 –1 2
–2 –1 2 –1
4 × 4 = 16 ways 4 × 4 = 16 ways

product product
ad = bc = 4 ad = bc = –4
a d b c a d b c
2 2 2 -2
–2 –2 -2 2
2 × 2 = 4 ways 2 × 2 = 4 ways
n(A) = 81 + 4 + 4 + 16 + 16 + 4+ 4 = 129
 P(A) = 129/625 Ans.]
Page # 3
Q.6 If M is a square matrix of order 2, then – tr.(M2) + tr. (M) 2 is equal to
det .( M )
(A) (B*) 2 det.(M) (C) 3 det.(M) (D) 4 det.(M)
2
[Note : tr.(P) and det.(P) denotes trace of matrix P and determinant of matrix P respectively.]
a b 
[Sol.156/mat/SC Let M = c d 
 

 –tr.(M2) + tr. (M) 2 = 2det M ]

Q.7 If  are the roots of the equation x3 – px + 1 = 0, p  R and A, B, C three matrices defined as

 3  1  2 3  3  2 3 1   3  5 1 2 
    
A= 2 3
 1 1  , B=  3
3
 2  2  and C =  1
3
 5 1 ,
 
  3
3
 1   1  1 2  3  2  2 1  3  5

then the value of det. (A + B + C) equals
(A) 0 (B*) 1 (C) 5 (D) 6
[Sol.158/mat/SC   0    p   1

 3  3   3  4 0 0
0     3  4
3 3
0
|A + B + C| =
0 0  3  3   3  4

= ( 3  3   3  4 )3 = 1. Ans.
++=0
  3 = 3 = – 3
Reason: consider 3+3 + 3 – 3  ( + + ) [2 + 2 + 2 –   . ]

Q.8 Let A be a square matrix of order 3. If det. A = 2 then the value of det. (adj. A3) is equal to
(A) 23 (B*) 26 (C) 29 (D) 212
[Sol.159/mat/SC | adj A3 | = | A3 |2 = | A |6 = 26 Ans.]

Q.9 Let P = BBT + CCT, where B  cos  , C   sin   ,  R. Then P is equal to
 sin    cos 

0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0
(A) 0 0 (B) 1 0 (C*) 0 1 (D) 0 1
       
T
[Sol.162/mat/SC P = BB + CC T

cos   sin  
= sin   cos  sin 12 +  cos  [sin  – cos ]
  21  

2
 cos2  cos  ·sin   sin   sin  ·cos 
=   +  
sin  ·cos 
2
sin    sin  ·cos  cos2  

1 0
= 0 1 = I2 ]
 
Page # 4
  1 0  1 0
 
Q.10 Let A =  1 1  . If An =  50 1  , then value of n is
2   
(A) 10 (B) 50 (C*) 100 (D) 200

 1 0  1 0 1 0
[Sol.163/mat/SC A2 =  2 1  ; A3 = 3  An =  n 
1
   1
2  2  2 
n
 = 50  n = 100. Ans.]
2

Q.11 Let be a non-zero real number. Matrix A of size 2 × 2 is formed with entries  or – only. If a matrix
is randomly chosen then probability that Tr (A) is zero, is equal to
1 1 3 1
(A) (B*) (C) (D)
8 2 4 4
a b  a b
[Sol.164/mat/SC Let A = c d  ; | A | = ad – bc = 0  = .... (i)
  c d
So there are 8 possibilities for which Tr (A) = 0 out of 16 possibilities.
8 1
P(Tr (A)) = = . Ans.]
16 2

Q.12 Let A = [aij] be 3 × 3 order matrix and B = [bij] be 3 × 3 order matrix such that bij is the sum of the
elements of ith row of A except aij. If det. (A) = 4, then the value of det. (B) is equal to
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D*) 8

 a 11 a 12 a 13 
a a 22 a 23 
[Sol.165/mat/SC A =  21 |A| = 4
a 31 a 32 a 33 

 a 12  a 13 a11  a 13 a11  a 12 
a  a a 21  a 23 a 21  a 22 
B =  22 23

a 32  a 33 a 31  a 33 a 31  a 32 

a11 a 12 a13 0 1 1
a 21 a 22 a 23 1 0 1
|B| =
a 31 a 32 a 33 1 1 0
= 4 × 2 = 8 Ans. ]

Page # 5
Q.13 If A and B are square matrices of order 3 such that det. A = –2 and det. B = 1, then
 
det. A 1 adj. ( B1 ) ·adj. (2A 1 ) is equal to
(A) 8 (B*) –8 (C) 1 (D) –1
[Sol.166/mat/SC Give question becomes
  adj B     adj A  
= det A–1 · det  adj   · det  adj  
  | B |    | A | 
1 1
= adj (adj B) · adj adj (A) = · |B|4 (–1) × |A|4 = –8 Ans.]
|A| |A|

Q.14 Number of 3 × 3 real matrices A = [aij] such that aij + aji = 0 for all i, j = 1, 2, 3
and |aij|  {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9} is equal to
(A) 6856 (B) 6857 (C) 6858 (D*) 6859
[Sol.167/mat/SC A is skew symmetric matrix
 number of such matrix = 19 × 19 × 19 = 6859 ]

x 3 2
Q.15 Matrix A =  1 y 4  , if x y z = 60 and 8x + 4y + 3z = 20 , then A (adj A) is equal to
2 2 z

 64 0 0   88 0 0   68 0 0   34 0 0 
(A)  0 64 0  (B)  0 88 0  (C*)  0 68 0  (D)  0 34 0 
 0 0 64   0 0 88   0 0 68   0 0 34 
[Sol.41/mat/SC A. adj A = | A | I
| A | = xyz – 8x – 3 (z – 8) + 2 (2 – 2y)
| A | = xyz – (8x + 3z + 4y) + 28  60 – 20 + 28 = 68. ]

3x  2
Q.16 Consider, f(x) = . If [a, b) is the range of y = f {x} and A = [aij]2×2 is a matrix, where
x 1
aij {a, b, a2, b2}, 1 i, j 2 (all elements of matrix A are distinct) then least absolute value of det. (A)
is
[Note: {y} denotes fractional part function of y and det. (P) denotes determinant of matrix P.]
(A) 1 (B*) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
 1
[Sol.182/mat/SC [a, b)   2, 
 2

 1 1
aij   2, , 4, 
 2 4

 4 1 / 2
A =  2 1 / 4
 
det. (A) = 1 – (–1) = 2 which is the least absolute value of det.(A). ]

Page # 6
  k 1 2
Q.17 The value of k (k  R) such that det adj (adj A)  = 16, where A =  0  1 1 , is equal to
4 1 1
 
(A*) 5, 7 (B) 2, 7 (C) 5, 2 (D) 5, 3
k 1 2
[Sol.183/mat/SC |A| = 0  1 1 = k (–1 –1) – 1(0 – 4) + 2(0 + 4) = –2k + 12 = 12 – 2k
4 1 1

adj (adj A) = |A|4 = (12 – 2k)4 = 16

 2k – 12 = ±2  k = 7, 5 Ans. ]

2 cos t , if i  j

Q.18 Let A = aij be a 3 × 3 matrix where aij = 1, if | i  j |  1 .
0, otherwise
If D denotes the determinant of the matrix A then the maximum value of 'D' for all t  R, is
(A*) 4 (B) 8 (C) 1 (D) 2
2 cos t 1 0
[Sol.186/mat/SC D= 1 2 cos t 1 = 2 cos t [4 cos2t – 1] – [2 cos t] = 2 cos t [4 cos2t – 2]
0 1 2 cos t
D = 4cos t · cos 2t
 Dmax = 4 which occurs when t = 0, 2, 4, ......]

Q.19 If M is a square matirx of order 3 satisfying MTM = 4I and M = 8 then the value of M  2I
will be
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 16 (D*) 0
1 1
[Sol.187/mat/SC M  2I = M  M T M = 3 2M  M T M
2 2
1
= 2 I  M T M = ( 2 I ) T  M T = 2I  M
8
M  2I = – M  2I

 M  2I = 0 Ans. ]

 0 ( x  a ) ( x  b) 
Q.20 Let matrix M(x) = ( x  a ) 0 ( x  c)  , then the matrix M(0)  M(0) T (a, b, c  0), is
( x  b ) ( x  c) 0 

(A) null matrix (B) skew-symmetric matrix
(C) orthogonal matrix (D*) symmetric matrix
0  a  b  0 a b
[Sol.188/mat/SC M(0) = a 0  c  ; M(0) T =  a 0 c 
b c 0   b  c 0
  

a 2  b 2 bc  ac 
M(0)  M(0)T =  bc a  c2
2
2
ab  , which is symmetric matrix . ]

  ac ab b  c
Page # 7
  a 0 1
Q.21 Let A =  0 b 2 , where a, b, c are positive integers. If tr(A) = 7, then difference between
 1 0 c 
 
greatest and least values of det.(A) is
(A) 6 (B) 7 (C) 8 (D*) 9
[Note : tr(P) and det.(P) denote trace and determinant of matrix P respectively.]
[Sol.189/mat/SC tr(A) = a + b + c = 7, a, b, c  N
det(A) = abc + b
det(A) max = 15 a = c = 2 and b = 3

det(A) min = 6 a = b = 1 and c = 5.]

Q.22 Let A be set of 4 × 4 skew symmetric matrices whose entries are –1, 0 or 1. If there are exactly four
0's, six 1's and six –1's then number of such matrices in set A is equal to
(A) 32 (B*) 64 (C) 243 (D) 729
[Sol.190/mat/SC Diagonal elements can be filled in one way and remaining places can be filled in 26 ways.
 Number of matrices = 26 = 64 Ans. ]

 T T  1 
Q.23 If A–1 is a symmetric matrix of order 3 such that A–1 = adj.  3A   A

1
    then det (A) is
 

equal to
1 1 1 1
(A) (B*) (C) (D)
2 4 8 64
[Note: adj(P) denotes adjoint matrix of matrix P and det. (P) denotes determinant of matrix P.]
1


T
[Sol.191/mat/SC (A–1)T = A–1   A 1 

  =A
–1 T
 A = adj (3A – A)
A–1 = adj (2A) { AT = A}
1 1 1 1
= |2A|2  = 26 |A|2  |A|3 = 6  |A| = Ans. ]
|A| |A| 2 4

Q.24 If A and P are square matrices of order 2 such that P + PT = 0 and 2A + P = 4I, then least value of
det(A) is (elements of matrix P are real numbers)
16 17
(A*) 4 (B) 5 (C) (D)
5 4
[Sol.192/mat/SC T
P + P = 0  P is skew symmetric matrix of order 2.
 0 a
Let P= 
 a 0

4 0   0 a  4  a 
2A = 4I – P = 0 4   a 0  2A = a 4 
   
|2A| = 16 + a2

a2
 4 |A| = 16 + a2  |A| = 4 +
4
 |A|  4 Ans. ] Page # 8
 [COMPREHENSION TYPE]
Paragraph for question nos. 25 to 27
Consider two 3 × 3 matrices A and B satisfying A = adj. B – BT and B = adj A – AT
(where CT denotes transpose of matrix C.)

Q.25 If A is a non-singular matrix, then (det. A)2 + (det. B)2 is equal to

(A) 16 (B) 48 (C) 64 (D*) 128

Q.26 The value of adj. ( 2B1 ) is equal to

(A*) 1 (B) 16 (C) 64 (D) 128

Q.27 If A is a non-singular matrix, then AB is equal to

(A) I (B) 2I (C) 3I (D*) 4I
[Sol.30465-66-67/mat
(i) A = adj B – BT .....(i)
B = adj A – AT .....(ii)
T T
A = (adj B) – B .....(iii)
adj A = adj B T (from (ii) and (iii))
Since A is non-singular B is non-singular
A = BT or A = –BT.
Case-I : If A = BT adj B = 2A | B |2 = 8 | B |
| B | = 8 and | A | = 8.
Case-II : If A = –BT  |A| = –|B| and adj B = 0
 |B|2 = 0 (Rejected)
232 64
(ii) |adj. (2B–1)| = = =1
82 64
(iii) Now, adj. B = 2A
(adj. B)B = 2AB
|B| I = 2AB
AB = 4I ]

[REASONING TYPE]
Q.28 Statement-1: Let A be 2 × 3 matrix and B is 3 × 2 matrix such that det. (AB) = 10, then the value
of det. (BA), is equal to zero.
Statement-2: If A and B are two square matrices of order 3, then det. (AB) = det.(A) · det.(B).
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B*) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.

b1 b2 
a1 a2 a3  b3 b4 
[Sol.20311/mat/AR Let A = a a 6  , B = b
 4 a5
 5 b6 

b1a1  b2a 4 b1a 2  b 2a 5 b1a 3  b2a 6

So, det (BA) = b3a1  b4a 4 b3a 2  b4a 5 b3a 3  b4a 6
b5a1  b6a 4 b 5a 2  b 6a 5 b5a 3  b 6 a 6

Page # 9
 a1 a2 a3 b1 b2 0
= a4 a5 a 6 × b3 b4 0 multiply (column by row)
0 0 0 b5 b6 0

= 0. Ans.]

Q.29 Let P and Q be two symmetric matrices of order 3.

Statement-1 : P(QP) and (PQ) P are symmetric matrices.
Statement-2 : PQ is symmetric matrix if matrix multiplication of P and Q is commutative.
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B*) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
[Sol.20312/mat/ARGiven, PT = P and QT = Q
S-1 : P(QP) T = (QP)TPT = (PTQT) PT = (PQ) P = P(QP)

Also, (PQ)P T = PT (PQ)T = P(QTPT) = P(QP) = (PQ)P  S-1 is correct.

S-2 : (PQ)T = QTPT = QP = PQ (Since PQ is commutative.)
Hence, both S-1 and S-2 are correct but S-2 is not correct explanation of S-1. Ans.]

Q.30 Statement-1: Let B be a matrix of order 3 × 3 and adj. B = A. If M and N are matrices of order
3 × 3 such that det. M = 1 = det. N then adj.(N–1BM–1) = MAN.
Statement-2: If P is a non-singular square matrix of order 3 × 3 then adj. (P–1) = (adj. P)–1.
(1) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(2) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
(3*) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(4) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
[Sol.20315/mat/AR adj.(N–1BM–1) = (adj. M–1) (adj. B) (adj. N–1)
= (adj. M)–1 A (adj. N)–1 [Given adj. B = A]
= MAN (| M | = 1 = | N |)
P
Note : P–1 adj P–1 = |P–1| In  adj P–1 = (adj P)–1
|P|
adj. P
As, P–1 =  P = |P| (adj P)–1 , because (P–1)–1 = P..
|P|
adj.M
Also, M–1 =  M–1 = adj.M  M = (adj. M)–1
|M|
In
Note that, M adj. M = |M| In  M–1 (adj. M–1) =  adj. M–1 = M ]
|M|

Page # 10
Q.31 Statement-1 : The system of equations x + 3y + 4z = 5, 2x + y + 3z = 3 and 4x + 7y + 11z = 13 has
infinitely many solutions
Statement-2 : For the system of equations aix + biy + ciz = di , i = 1, 2, 3 if  = x = y = z = 0
then the given system of equations has infinitely many solutions
a1 b1 c1
a
(where  = 2 b2 c2 and  ,   are obtained by replacing columns 1, 2
x y z
a3 b3 c3

 d1 
and 3 in  by column vector d 2  respectively).
d 
 3
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C*) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.

1 3 4 1 3 4
[Sol.20317/mat/AR = 2 1 3 , R3  R3 – 2R1 – R2   = 2 1 3 = 0
4 7 11 0 0 0

5 3 4
x = 3 1 3 = 0 = y = z  (C) Ans. ]
13 7 11

[MULTIPLE OBJECTIVE TYPE]

Q.32 Let A = [aij]3 × 3 be a matrix such that aij = 0  i  j and aij > 0  i = j. If adj A satisfies the equation
x3 – 9x2 + px – 27 = 0, p  R then
(A*) tr. (A) = 3 3 (B*) det. adj (adj A)  = 36
1
(C) tr. (A–1) = (D*) det. (A) = 3 3
3 3
[Note: adj. (P), tr. (P) and det. (P) denote adjoint matrix of matrix P, trace of matrix P and determinant
of matrix P respectively.]
 d1 0 0   d 2d 3 0 0 
0 d   0 d d 0 
[Sol.40007/mat/MORE A=  2 0  ; adj. A =  1 3
0 0 d   0 0 d1d 2 
 3 
Let C = adj. A satisfy x3 – 9x + px – 27 = 0
 Tr. (C) = 9 and
det. C = 27  | adj. A | = 27  | A |2 = 27 | A | = 3 3
Also, |adj. (adj. A)| = |A|4 = 36
Now, Tr.(adj. A) = 9 given
 d1d2 + d2d3 + d3d1 = 9 ……(1)
and |A| = d1d2d3 = 3 3 ……(2)
1 1 1 9
   = = .(A–1)
3 = Tr.(A
d1 d 2 d 3 3 3

Page # 11
 Also, G.M. of d1; d2; d3 is 3
and H.M. of d1, d2, d3 is 3
 Tr.(A) = 3 3 ]

Q.33 Consider a skew symmetric matrix A   a b  such that a, b and c are selected from the set
  b c 
S = {0, 1, 2, 3, ......, 9}. Then which of the following is/are correct?
(A*) Number of possible matrix A is 10.
(B*) Number of invertible matrix A is 9.
(C*) If |A| is divisible by 3, then number of possible matrix A is 4.
(D*) If b = 1, then |A + I| = 2 where I is identity matrix.
[Sol.40008/mat/MORE As skew-symmetric matrix A,
a = c = 0, b can be selected in 10 ways.
|A| = ac + b2 = b2 so b  0 for invertible matrix.
For divisibility by 3, b = 0, 3, 6, 9 (four)

A   0 1  ; I  1 0  ; AI  1 1  2. ]
 1 0 0 1  1 1

1 0 0
Q.34 If matrix M = 1 0 1 , then
0 1 0 
 
(A*) M3 – M2 = M – I (B*) det.(M2010 – I) = 0

 1 0 0  1 1 0
(C*) M50 = 25 1 0 (D) M50 = 25 1 0
25 0 1 25 0 1
   

1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0  1 0 0 
[Sol.40009/mat/MORE M = 1 0 1 ; M2 = 1 1 0 ; M3 = 2 0 1 ; M4 =  2 1 0
0 1 0  1 0 1 1 1 0  2 0 1
       

 1 0 0
 From observation m2k = k 1 0 ; k N
k 0 1
 

0 0 0
and M2k –I= k 0 0 ]
k 0 0

3 0 0
Q.35 If A = 2 2 0 then which of the following is (are) true?
 4 5 3
 
(A*) A is invertible. (B*) trace adj (adj A)  = 144.
(C) trace adj (adj A)  = 108. (D*) |adj A| is less than 400.
Page # 12
[Sol.40010/mat/MORE |A| = 18
54 0 0 
adj (adj A) = 18A = 36 36 0   trace adj (adj A)  = 144.
|A|n–2 A =
72 90 54
 
n–1 2
|adj A| = |A| = 18 = 324 ]

Q.36 Consider a 3 × 3 matrix A with entries (equally likely) from the set {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}.
M and N are two events defined as follows :
M : {aij = 0  i < j}
N : {|A|  0}
then which of the following hold(s) good ?
1 1 N 9  N  729
(A) P(M) = (B*) P(M) = (C) P   = (D*) P   =
10 1000  M  10  M  1000

106 1
[Sol.40011/mat/MORE P(M) = 9 =
10 1000
N
Event occurs when each of the diagonal element is non-zero.
M

93 103
P( N  M) 9 93 729
P(N/M) =  106  3 = . ]
P( M ) 10 10 1000
109

3 1 
Q.37 If A =  and Bp is another matrix defined as.
4 2
Bp = Ap adj  adj(adj.A)   where p  N, then identify the correct statement(s)
  
p  times


1
(A*) Tr (B1) = 4 (B*) det.(B2) = 8 (C)  det (Bp ) = 1 (D*) adj. (adj B2) = A3
p 1

[Sol.40012/mat/MORE
(A) B1 = A(adj. A) = | A | · I2
 tr.(B1) = 2 | A | = 4.
(B) B2 = A2(adj. (adj. A)) = A2 · | A |x–2 · A = A3 { n = 2}
det. (B2) = | A |3 = 8
(C) |Bp| = |A|p+1
1 1 1
| B1–1 | + | B2–1 | + | B3–1 | + ...... =    .....
| A | | A | | A |4
2 3

1
1 1 1 4 1
=    .....   = 1 =
4 8 16 1 2
2
(D) n–2 3
adj (adj B2) = | B2 | B2 = B2 = A {n = 2} ]

Page # 13
Q.38 Let A and B are two non-singular matrices of order 2 such that
 2  3  3 0
(9A2B – 6AB + B) = 9 B     . If B = 1 1  then the value of det. (3A – I) can be
  2 1   
(A) 3 (B) – 3 (C*) 9 (D*) – 9
[Sol.40013/mat/MORE |A|  0 |B|  0
 9 27  3 0  6 27 
9A2B – 6AB =   –  ; (9A2 – 6A + I ) =   B–1
 9 0  1 1   10 1

 6 27  1 0  6 27 
9A2 – 6A + I =    1 3 ; (3A – I)2 =  
 10 1   3 0 
3
|3A – I|2 = 81
|3A – I| = + 9 ]

Q.39 If A and B are two non singular symmetric matrices which commute with each other then
(A*) A–1 B and A–1B–1 are both symmetric.
(B*) AB–1 and A–1B are both symmetric.
(C) A–1B is symmetric but A–1B–1 is not symmetric.
(D*) adj A · adj B is symmetric.

[Sol.40020/mat/MORE
AB = BA  BA–1 = A–1B and B–1A–1 = A–1B–1
 (A–1B)T = BT(A–1)T = B(AT)–1 = BA–1 = A–1B.  A–1B is symmetric
Similarly AB–1 is also symmetric.
(A–1B–1)T = (B–1)T (A–1)T = (BT)–1 (AT)–1 = B–1A–1 = A–1B–1
 A–1B–1 is also symmetric
(adj. A adj. B)T = (adj.(BA))T = (adj. BA) T = adj. (BA)T
= adj.(ATBT) = adj. (AB) = adj.(BA) = adj. A adj. B = symmetric ]

Q.40 Let f be cubic polynomial function such that

a 2 4a 1 f (1) 0   2a 2  16a  17 4a  1
b 2 4b 1  f (1) f (0) = 2b 2  16b  17 4b  1 , then
 2   
 c 4c 1  f (2) 1   2c 2  16c  17 4c  1
 
(A*) Number of real roots of f(x) = 0 is 1
(B*) The sum of greatest and least values of f(x) in [–1, 1] is 5.
(C) y = f(x) is a bijective function.
(D*) There are two values of k for which the equation f(x) = k has exactly two real and distinct roots.

 a 2f (1)  4a f (1)  f (2) 4a f (0)  1  2a 2  16a  17 4a  1

 2  2b 2  16b  17 4b  1
[Sol.40021/mat/MORE b f (1)  4b f (1)  f (2) 4b f (0)  1 =  2 
 c 2f (1)  4c f (1)  f (2) 4c f (0)  1  2c  16c  17 4c  1

x2 f (1)  2 + 4 f (1)  4 x + f (2) – 8 = 0 has 3 real and distinct roots a, b, c

 f (–1) = 2, f(1) = 4, f(2) = 8
Also, 4x f(0) + 1 = 4x + 1 has 3 real and distinct roots  f(0) = 1
Let f(x) = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d
f (0) = d = 1.
Page # 14
 –a + b – c + 1 = 2 b=2
a+b+c+1=4
8a + 4b + 2c = 16
a+c=1
4a + c = 4
3a = 3  a = 1, c = 0

(i) f (x) = x3 + 2x2 + 1

f '(x) = x(3x + 4)
y


 k=1
+ – +
x
–4 0 –4
3 3

(ii) For f(x) = k to have two distinct real solutions the graph of y = f(x)
and y = k should intersect at 2 points only  k = , 

(iii) Clearly, least value in [–1, 1] occurs at x = 0

m = f (0) = 1
f (1) = 4
f (–1) = 2
M=4
Sum = 5 ]

i j i j
Q.41 Consider three matrices A = [aij]2×p , B = [bij]3×n and C = [cij]m×2 such that aij = and bij = ,
2 2
then
(A*) if AB = C, then value of m + n + p is equal to 7.
(B*) if BA = C, then value of m – n + p is equal to 3.
1
(C) if AB = C, then c12 equals .
4
(D) if BA = C, then c32 equals 1.
3
3 (1  r ) (r  2)
[Sol.40022/mat/MORE A2×p · B3×n = CM×2 , C12 = a 1r b r2 = r 1 4
r 1

3
r 2  r  2 14  6  6 1
= = =
r 1 4 4 2
P = 3, n = 2, m = 2
 m+n+p=7
2 2
(3  r )(r  2) 2
 r2  r  6 5
B3×n · A2×P = Cm×2 C32 =  b3r a r2 =  =  =
r 1 r 1 4 r 1 4 2
m = 3, n = 2, p = 2
m–n+p=3 ]

Page # 15
 x 0 0  3 2 3
 2
Q.42 Let A and B be two square matrices of order 3 given as A = 0 x 0  and B = 2 0 1
0 0 1/ x3  3 1 1
   
then
(A*) minimum value of trace (A2B) is 4.
(B*) If CA2 = B, then minimum value of trace (C) is 4.
(C*) AB – BA is a singular matrix.

 
(D*) det  adj A 2015 B (A T ) 2015  equals 25.
 
[Sol.40023/mat/MORE Clearly, B is a symmetric matrix BT = B, also AT = A

 2 
x 0 0   3 2 3

A2B =  0 x4 0   2 0 1 
1  3 1 1
0 0  
 x6 

1
 trace (A2B) = 3x2 + 0 +
x6

1
x2  x2  x2 
x6 1
4
1
 3x2 + 4
x6
 tr(A2B)  4
2
 3 2 3  1 / x 0 0
   
Also, 2 –1
C = B(A ) =  2 0 1   0 1 / x4 0
 3 1 1  0 0 x 6 
 

3
trace (C) = + 0 + x6  4
x2
Now, (AB – BA)T = –(AB – BA)  skew symmetric of order 3
 det. (AB – BA) = 0

 
det adj A 2015 B(A T ) 
2015
 = det A 2015
B(A T ) 2015 
2

= (det B)2 = 25 ( det A = 1). ]

1 2 0
Q.43 Let A = 0 2 0 be a given matrix. If P = A4 + 8A and Q = – 5A3 + 8A2 – 10 A, then
0  1 2

(A*) tr.(P + Q) = 10 (B) tr.(P + Q) = 0
(C) det.(P + Q) = 8 (D*) det.(P + Q) = 32
[Note : tr.(M) denotes the trace of matrix M and det.(M) denotes determinant of matrix M.]

Page # 16
[Sol.40024/mat/MORE |A – xI| = 0
1 x 2 0
 0 2x 0 =0
0 1 2  x
 (1 – x) (2 – x)(2 – x) = 0
 x3 – 5x2 + 8x – 4 = 0
 A3 – 5A2 + 8A – 4I = 0
 A4 – 5A3 + 8A2 – 4A = 0
 A4 – 5A3 + 8A2 – 2A = 2A ……(i)
4 3
As, P = A + 8A, Q = –5A + 8A – 10A 2

 P + Q = A4 – 5A3 + 8A2 – 2A
 P + Q = 2A (using Eq.(i))
So, tr.(P + Q) = 2tr |A| = 10
and det. (P + Q) = |2A| = 8|A| = 32 ]

1 2 3  x  14
Q.44 Consider matrices A = 4 1 2 , X = y and C = 12 .
   
1  1 1  z 2
     
If the solution of system of equation AX = C is point L (x = x1, y = y1, z = z1)

and L' is the reflection of L in the plane r .( î  ˆj  k̂ ) = 9, then
(A*) sum of coordinates of L is 6. (B) sum of coordinates of L is 12.
(C) sum of coordinates of L' is 6. (D*) sum of coordinates of L' is 12.
[Sol.40025/mat/MORE AX = C
L(1, 2, 3)
 x + 2y + 3z = 14

4x + y + 2z = 12
Plane : x + y + z = 9

x–y+z=2

 L(x = 1, y = 2, z = 3) L'(, , )  (3, 4, 5) ]

Q.45 Let M be a 3 × 3 matrix satisfying

1  1 0  1  0  0 
M 0 = 2 , M 1 = 1 and M 0 =  1
   
0  3  0 1 1   2 
           
then
(A*) tr.(M) will be equal to 2. (B*) sum of all the elements of M will be 6.
(C*) det. (M) is equal to –8. (D) number of distinct elements in matrix M will be 6.
a b c 
[Sol.40026/mat/MORE Let M = d e f 
g h i 
 

1 a   1
 M 0 = d  =  2   a = –1, d = 2, g = 3
0 g   3 
     
Page # 17
 0  b   1 
and M 1 =  e  =  1   b = 1, e = 1, h = –1
0 h  1
     

0  c   0 
and M 0 = f  =  1  c = 0, f = –1, i = 2
1   i   2 
     

 1 1 0 
 M =  2 1  1
 3 1 2 
 
M = –1 (2 –1) – 1 (4 + 3) = – 8 Ans. ]

Q.46 Which of the following is(are) correct?

(A*) If A and B are two square matrices of order 3 and A is a non-singular matrix such that
AB = O, then B must be a null matrix.
(B*) If A, B, C are three square matrices of order 2 and det. (A) = 2, det.(B) = 3, det. (C) = 4, then
the value of det. (3ABC) is 216.
1
(C) If A is a square matrix of order 3 and det. (A) = , then det. (adj. A–1) is 8.
2
(D) Every skew symmetric matrix is singular.
[Sol.40027/mat/MORE
(A) Given that AB = O, where det. (A)  0 .......(1)
So, A–1 exists.
Now, pre-mutiplying equation (1) with A–1, we get
(A–1A) B = A–1O  B = Onull matrix.
(B) Given, det. (A) = 2, det. (B) = 3, det. (C) = 4
So, det. (3ABC) = 32 det. (A) det. (B) det. (C) = 9(2) (3) (4) = 216. Ans.
(As, A, B, C are square matrices of order 2.)
1
(C) Given, det. (A) = (order of matrix A is 3)
2
As, det. (adj. A) = (det. A)n – 1 ......(1)
–1
place A by A in equation (1) and take n = 3, we get
2 1 1
det (adj. A–1) = A 1 = 2
 2
 4 . Ans.
A 1
 
2
(D) We know that skew symmetric matrix of odd order is singular. But , if order of skew symmetric matrix
is even, then it need not be singular. For example,
0  4 
A = 4 0  and det. A = 16 (non - singular). Ans.]
 

Page # 18
  2 1 p q
Q.47 Let A =   be a matrix. If A6 =  r s  , then
 0 3  
(A*) number of factors common to 'p' and 's' is 1.
(B*) number of factors of (p + q) is 7.
(C*) (p + q + r + s) is an even integer.
(D*) the sum of the proper divisors of (p + q + r + s) is 1820.
 2 1  26 36  26 
[Sol.40028/mat/MORE If A =  0 3  then A6 =  0 36 

  
Hence, p = 26, q = 36 – 26, r = 0, s = 36.
(p + q + r + s) = 2 · 36
sum of proper divisors in (p + q + r + s) is
S = (20 + 21) (30 + 31 +…… + 36) – (1 + 1458)
S = 1820. ]

 U 2 n 1 0 
Q.48 Let An be a square matrix of order 2 given as An =  0 U 2 n  , n  N

/2
n
where Un =  cos x cos nx dx , then
0


(A*) U1 · U2 · U3 …… are in G.P. (B*) Un equals n 1
2
n
 n
2
(C*) Lim  tr (A n )  (D*) Lim  tr (A 2n ) 
n 
n 1 2 n 
n 1 12
[Note : tr(B) denotes sum of diagonal elements of square matrix B.]
/2 /2 / 2
n sin nx n n 1 sin x sin nx
[Sol.40030/mat/MORE Un =  cos x ·cos nx dx = cos x · +  n ·cos x dx
0
n 0 0
n

/2 /2 /2

n 1 n 1 n
=  cos x ·sin x sin nx dx =  cos x ·cos(n  1) x dx –  cos x cos nx dx
0 0 0

Un 1
 Un = Un–1 – Un  2Un = Un–1  U =  U1, U2 …… are in G.P..
n 1 2
 
Also U1 =  Un = n 1
4 2
n
Also,  tr(A n ) = U1 + U2 + U3 + U4 + …… + U2n
n 1


n U1 
 Lim  tr (A n ) =
1 = 14 =
n 
n 1 1 2
2 2

Page # 19
 2
 2 2
2 2 2 2 16 =  · 4 =  Ans. ]
and  n tr ( A ) = U1  U 2  U 3 + ……  = 1 16 3 12
n 1 1
4

Q.49 If A and B are two square matrices of order 4 such that det A = 2, det B = 3, then
T
(A*) If A is skew symmetric and B is symmetric then A adj( AB)  B equals – 6 I4.

 
(B*) If A is skew symmetric and B is symmetric then det A adj(AB) T B equals 1296.
(C*) If A and B are both skew symmetric then (adj AB)T = (adj A)T (adj B)T.
T
(D) If A is symmetric and B is skew symmetric then adj( AB)  = – (adj A)T· (adj B)T.

[Sol.40031/mat/MORE
(A)
T
 
A adj( AB)  B = A adj(AB)T B = A adj BT A T B 
= A adj B(A)  B = –A adj (BA) B
= – Aadj A adj B· B = – A B I4 = – 6 I4 Ans.

(B)  
From (A)  det A adj(AB) T B = (– 6)4
(C) (adj AB)T = adj(BTAT) = adj(–B)(–A) = adj (BA) = adj A adj B = (adj A)T· (adj B)T Ans. ]

[MATCHING LIST TYPE]

 
 a sin x  x
5 Lim b  sin1
y  2y  2 
2
 x 0 x3 
 d
e 
Q.50 If a matrix A =  0 c   ln z dz 
 6 1

 1 
 tan 1 y 2  2 y  2 z2 
 e dz 3

 0 

is a symmetric matrix then

List -I List - II
(P) [a] = (1) –1
(Q) [b] = (2) 0
(R) [c] = (3) 1
(S) [d] = (4) 2
[Note : [k] denotes greatest integer function less than or equal to k.]
Codes:P Q R S
(A) 1 2 3 4
(B*) 3 4 4 1
(C) 4 3 2 1
(D) 2 1 4 3

Page # 20
 a sin x  x d
[Sol.92004/mat/MTC  Lim =
x 0 x3 6

 x3 
a  x    x

3! d
 Lim  3
 =
x 0 x 6

a d
 a = 1 and =  d = –1
6 6

and tan–1 y 2  2 y  2 + sin–1 y 2  2 y  2 = b

is valid if y = –1
  3
 b = sin–1 1 + tan–1 1 =  =
2 4 4
3 3.14
~  b ~ 2.35
4
1 e
z2
and e dz   ln z dz = c
0 1
 c = 1 × e – 0 × 1 = e ~ 2.71 ]

[INTEGER TYPE / SUBJECTIVE]

Q.51 Let f(x) = x  1  x 2 . Find the number of symmetric matrices A of order equals to the number of
integers in the range of f(x) and whose elements are the integral elements in the range of f(x)
and also Tr(A) is either equal to 1 or 0.
[Note : Tr (A) denotes the trace of matrix A]
[Ans. 0351]
2
[Sol.50714/mat/OMR f(x) = x  1  x
Df : x  [–1, 1]
 Range :  1, 2  
 Number of integers = 3, i.e. –1, 0, 1

100
1 0   0 1
Q.52 Consider two matrices B =   and C =  1 0 . If matrix A =   Bn  C n  ,
0 1   n 1
then find the absolute value of determinant of matrix A. [Ans. 0]
1 0 
[Sol.50017/mat/OMR B=   ; |B| = – 1 ; B2 = I, hence B3 = B, B4 = B2 = I
0 1
100 1 0 1 0  100 0
 Bn  50B  50I = 50 0 
1
 50   
0 1   0 0 
n 1

 0 1
C=   ; |C| = 1,
 1 0
also C2 = – I hence C3 = – C, C4 = I
C4n + 2 = – I, n = 0 to 24 so sum = – 25I
Page # 21
 C4n + 3 = – C, n = 0 to 24 so sum = – 25 C
C 4n + 4 = I, n = 0 to 24 so sum = 25 I
C4n + 1 = C, n = 0 to 24 so sum = 25 C
sum of all terms of matrix C = 0
100 0 
A=  0; |A| = 0. Ans.]
 0 0

 3 1 0
Q.53 Let matrix A =  1  3 0 , then find det. (2AT + adj. A).

 0 0 2

[Ans. 0000]
[ Sol.50018/mat/OMR As, AAT = 4I  2AT + adj.A = Onull matrix. So, det. (2AT + adj. A) = 0. Ans.]

1 1 2
Q.54 If M = 0 2 1 and M3 = (M – I)(M – I), where ,  are integers and
1 0 2
 
I is a 3 × 3 identity matrix, then find the value of ( + ).
[Ans. 6]
[Sol.50019/mat/OMR It characteristic equation is |M – I| = 0  3 – 52 + 6 – 1 = 0
 M3 = (5M – I) (M – I)   = 5,  = 1 ]

 x 0 2
Q.55 If A, B, C are three square matrices of third order such that A =  0 y 0 , det.(B) = 22 · 32,
0 0 z
 
det.(C) = 2 where x, y, z  I+ and det. adjadj.(ABC)   = 216 · 38 · 74, then find the number of
distinct possible matrices A. [Ans. 9]
[Sol.50020/mat/OMR det. adjadj.(ABC)   = 216 · 38 · 74
|A|4 |B|4 |C|4 = 216 · 38 · 74
(xyz)4 · 28 · 38 · 24 = 216 · 38 · 74
(xyz)4 = 24 · 74
xyz = 21 · 71
Number of possible solutions = 3C2 × 3C2 = 9. ]

n
 1  3 1 2 1 3   1  n+1 3 1  
Q.56 If M is the matrix  1 1  then M – M + M ……+   M + …… =  1  .
  3 9  3  13  


Find . [Ans. 3]


M 2 M3 M 4
[Sol.50021/mat/OMR Let N=M–   + …… 
3 9 27
MN M 2 M3
 – =0–  …… 
3 3 9

 M
 I   N = M Page # 22
 3
 1
 3  9  4  3 1  3  27  3  1  9
 N =  3 3    1 4  = =
   13  9 3  13  3 1 
  = –9,  = –3
 9
 = = 3 Ans. ]
 3

a b c 
Q.57 If a, b, c are integer then number of matrices A = b c a  which are possible such that A·AT = I.
c a b
 
[Ans. 6]
[Sol.50022/mat/OMR AAT = I
a2 + b2 + c2 = 1; ab + bc + ca = 0
possible when (1) a = ±1; b = c = 0
(2) a = 0; b = ±1; c = 0
(3) a = 0; b =0; c = ± 1. ]

Q.58 Let A be a square matrix of order 3 whose elements are real numbers and
16 0  3
adj. adj.(adj A)  =  0 4 0  then find absolute value of Tr(A–1).
0 3 4 
 
[Note : adj.(P) and Tr(P) denote adjoint matrix and trace of matrix P respectively.]
[Ans. 3]
[Sol.50025/mat/OMR adj adj A = |A|n – 2
A
adj adj adj A = |adj A|n – 2 adj A
= (|A|n – 1)(n – 2) adj A
Put n = 3
16 0  3
= adj A =  0 4 0 
|A|2
0 3 4 
 
taking determinant both side
= |A|6 |adj A| = 256
|A|6|A|2 = 28
|A| = 2

 3
4 0  
16 0  3  4
1  
adj A =  0 4 0  = 0 1 0 
40 3 4 
   3 
0 4
1 


 3
2 0  
8
adj A  1 
A–1 = = 0 0 
|A|  2 
0 3 1 
 8 2 
Page # 23
Tr (A–1) = 3. ]
Q.59 If the system of linear equations in three variables x, y and z
(2a2 – a)x + (5a – 5)y + (p2 + p + 1)z = 0
(5a – 5)x + (p2 + p + 1)y + (2a2 – a)z = 0
(p2 + p + 1)x + (2a2 – a)y + (5a – 5)z = 0
has non-trivial solutions for some real value(s) of a, then find number of integral values of p.
[Ans. 6]

2a 2  a 5a  5 p2  p  1
[Sol.50029/mat/OMR 5a  5 p 2  p  1 2a 2  a = 0
p 2  p  1 2a 2  a 5a  5

 2a2 – a + 5a – 5 + p2 + p + 1 = 0
 2a2 + 4a + p2 + p – 4 = 0
 a  R,  D  0
16 – 4 · 2 (p2 + p – 4)  0
 p  [–3, 2] Ans. ]

Q.60 Let A be a diagonal matrix of order 3 with non-negative elements such that det.(A) = 24 3 .
If A – 2 B = 3 I and tr(B) has the minimum integral value, then find maximum value of det.(B).
[Note: tr (P) and det. (P) denotes trace and determinant of matrix P respectively.]
[Ans. 1]
[Sol.50030/mat/OMR A = diag. (a, b, c)
det (A) = abc = 24 3 .... (1)
2B = A – 3I
tr (2B) = a – 3 +b– 3 +c– 3
2tr (B) = a + b + c – 3 3
abc
3
 (abc)1 / 3  a + b + c  3 24 3
1/ 3
 
 a+b+c 6 3

3 3
tr(B)   Minimum integral value of tr (B) is 3.
2
a+b+c–3 3 =6
 
det. (2B) = a  3 b  3 c  3  
1
3 a  bc3 3
 a  3 b  3 c  3   
3
3
6
  
 a  3 b  3 c  3    
 3
det. (2B)  8 det. (B)  1. Ans.]

Page # 24
  1 r1 
 tan r  4 n n
Q.61 Consider a square matrix of order 2 given by Dr1, r2 = 
r
2  if n =   D r ,r 1 2
, then find
cot 1 1 4 r1 1 r2 1
 r2 

n
the determinant value of the matrix A defined by A = Lim .
n 
3  
n sin  

 n 
[Ans. 2]

 n 2 
n n  4  4n 2 
[Sol.50033/mat/OMR n =  D r1 , r2 =  2 
r1 1 r2 1 n  
 4 4n 2 


 / 4  4   / 4  4
n2    / 4 4  1   / 4  4
/ 4 4 
 A = Lim  = Lim =
n    n      / 4 4 
3
n sin   sin 
n   n 
  

n

1
 det A = ( + ) = 2 Ans. ]


Q.62 Let y = f(x) be a quadratic polynomial such that

a 2 a 1  f (0)   2a  1
b 2 b 1  f (1)  = 2b  1
 2 
 c c 1 f (1)  2c  1
 
2
where a, b, c are distinct real numbers, then find the value of  f ( x) dx .
0
[Ans. 5]

 a 2 f (0)  a f (1)  f (1)   2a  1

 2   
[Sol.50034/mat/OMR b f (0)  b f (1)  f (1) = 2b  c
 c2 f (0)  c f (1)  f (1)   2c  1 
 
 a2 f(0) + a f(1) + f (–1) = 2a + 1
Similar equation is true for b and c
 f(0) = 0, f(1) = 2 and f(–1) = 1
Let f (x) = px2 + qx + r, f (0) = r = 0
f (1) = p + q + r  p + q = 2
f (–1) = p – q + r  p – q = 1

3 1
p= , q=
2 2 Page # 25
 3 2 1
 f (x) = x + x
2 2
2 2 2
1 2 1  3 x 2  1
  f ( x) dx =  2 (3x  x ) dx = 2  x  2  = 2 (8 + 2 – 0) = 5 Ans. ]
0 0  0

x 2  1 x 5
Q.63 Let A be an orthogonal invertible square matrix of order 3 with A = sin x 3  2x 3
 2
 
 2 ln x 1

1  x 3 
and f(x) = tr.(A–1). Let B be an involutary invertible square matrix of order 2 with B =  5 2 x  1


 1 x 0
and g(x) = tr.(B–1). Let C =  0 1 0 be an idempotent invertible matrix and h(x) = tr.(C–1), then
 x x 1
 
find the number of points of non derivability of max. f ( x ), g( x ), h ( x )  .
[Note : tr.(P) denotes trace of matrix P.]
[Ans. 3]
[Sol.50035/mat/OMR  A is orthogonal invertible matrix
 A = AT
–1

f(x) = tr.(A–1) = tr.(AT)

B is involutary invertible matirx = 5 – x2
 B–1 = B  tr.(B–1) = tr.(B)
 g(x) = x
and C is invertible idempotent matrix
 C–1 = I
 tr.(C–1) = 3
 max. f ( x ), g( x ), h ( x )  = max. (5 – x2, x, 3)

(0, 5) x
y=

y=3
y = 5 – x2

Number of points of non derivability = 3 Ans. ]

Page # 26
 1 9 7
 
Q.64 Let p, q, r be three real numbers satisfying [p q r] 8 2 7 = [0 0 0].
7 3 7
If the point M(p, q, r) lies on the plane 2x + y + z = 1, then find the value of (7p + q + r).
[Ans. 6]
[Sol.50036/mat/OMR
1 9 7
[p q r] 8 2 7 = [0 0 0]
7 3 7
p + 8q + 7r = 0 ... (1)
9p + 2q + 3r = 0 ... (2)
7p + 7q + 7r = 0 ... (3)
1 8 7
D = 9 2 3 = 0
7 7 7
D1 = D2 = D3 = 0
 infinite solution
(3) – (1) 6p – q = 0
from (3) p+q+r=0
Let p= 
r  7
 q = 6 
 M(, 6, –7) satisfy 2x + y + z = 1
2 + 6 – 7 = 1
 1
 M(1, 6, –7)
 p = 1, q = 6, r = –7
 7p + q + r = 7 + 6 – 7 = 6 Ans.]

Q.65 Let A = [aij]3×3 be a scalar matrix whose elements are the roots of the equation
x9 – 6x8 + 12x7 – 8x6 = 0 and B = diag (b11, b22, b33) be a diagonal matrix
3 3 6
adj. B p
where brr =  a ij  r = 1, 2, 3. If =  
j1 i 1 adj. adj (adj A)  q
where p, q are relatively prime number, then find the value of (q – 2p).
[Note : adj P denotes adjoint matrix of matrix P.]

[Ans. 2]
[Sol.50037/mat/OMR x6 (x3 – 6x2 + 12x – 8) = 0  x = 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2
2 0 0
 |A| = 0 2 0 =8
0 0 2
Now, b11 = b22 = b33 = 6
6 0 0
B = 0 6 0  |B| = 63
0 0 6


Page # 27
 2 6 6
adj B B 66 66  6  3
Now, = = 8 = 24 =   =  
adj adj. (adj. A )  A
23 8 2  16  8

 q –2p = 8 – 6 = 2. Ans.]

 3 0 2  2
Q.66 Let A = 1 x 5 , B =  b  and C =  3 5 1  then find the number of integral values of b
 
 2 0 x 2  1
   
for which Tr(ABC)  – 18  x  R.
[Note : Tr(P) denotes trace of matrix P.]
[Ans. 5]
[Sol.50713/mat/OMR
 3 0 2   2   62   24 . . 
ABC =  1 x 5   b   3 5 1  =  bx  3   3 5 1  =  . 5 bx  15 . 
 2 0 x 2   1  x 2  4  . .  x  4
2
      
Tr(ABC) = – 24 + 5bx – 15 – x2 – 4 = – x2 + 5bx – 43
Tr(ABC)  – 18  x  R
– x2 + 5bx – 43  – 18  x  R
– x2 + 5bx – 25  10  x  R
D  0  25b 2 – 4 (– 1) (– 25)  0
b2 – 4  0
b  [–2, 2]
 Number of integral values of b are 5. Ans.]

a  360
Q.67 Let M =  , where a, b and c are integers. Find the smallest positive value of b such that
b c 
M2 = O, where O denotes 2 × 2 null matrix.
[Ans. 10]
a  360
[Sol.50724/mat/OMR M= 
b c 

2
a  360 a  360 a  360b  360(a  c)
M2 =  =
b c  b c   b(a  c)  360b  c 2 
Given M2 = O
a 2  360b  360(a  c) 0 0
Hence  2  = 0 0 
 b(a  c)  360b  c   
 a2 – 360b = 0  a2 = 360b
Now we want the smallest (non-zero) value of b such that 360b is a perfect square.
Since 360 = 23 · 32 · 5
Hence smallest positive value of b such that 360b is a perfect square. is (2)(5) = 10 Ans.]

Page # 28
 a b p  0
Q.68 Let A = c d  and B = q   0 . Such that AB = B and a + d = 5050. Find the value
     
of (ad – bc).
[Ans. 5049]
a b p  p 
[Sol.50725/mat/OMR AB = c d  q  = q 
    
ap  bq  p 
cp  dq  = q 
hence ap + bq = p .....(1)
and cp + dq = q .....(2)
or p(a – 1) + bq = 0
cp + (d – 1)q = 0
for non trivial solution of p and q
a 1 b
c d 1 = 0
ad – a – d + 1 – bc = 0
ad – bc = a + d – 1 = 5049 Ans.]

Q.69 A is a square matrix of order n.

l = maximum number of distinct entries if A is a triangular matrix
m = maximum number of distinct entries if A is a diagonal matrix
p = minimum number of zeroes if A is a triangular matrix
If l + 5 = p + 2m, find the order of the matrix. [Ans. 4]
n (n  1) n ( n  1)
[Sol.50726/mat/OMR l = +1, m=n+1 , p=
2 2
n (n  1) n (n  1)
 +6 = + 2 (n + 1)
2 2
 n2 + n +12 = n2 – n + 4n + 4
 8 = 2n  n =4
 order of matrix = 4 ]

Q.70 Let A be the set of all 3 × 3 skew symmetric matrices whose entries are either –1, 0 or 1. If there are
exactly three 0's, three 1's and three (–1)'s, then find the number of such matrices.
[Ans. 8]
[Sol.50727/mat/OMR In a skew symmetric matrix, 0   
diagonal elements are zero.  0 
Also aij + aji = 0   0
 
Hence number of matrices = 2 × 2 × 2 = 8 Ans.]

Page # 29
 1 2 5
Q.71 Consider the two matrices A and B where A = 4 3 ; B =  3 . If n(A) denotes the number of
   
elements in A such that n(XY) = 0, when the two matrices X and Y are not conformable for multiplication.


 n ( C) | D | 2  n ( D ) 
If C = (AB)(B'A); D = (B'A)(AB) then, find the value of  n (A )  n (B) .
 
[Ans. 650]
1 2 5
[Sol.50728/mat/OMR A = 4 3 ; B =  3
   
n(A) = number of elements in A
if (XY) is not defined then n(XY) = 0
C = (AB)(B'A)
1 2  5   1
AB = 4 3  3 = 11 
    

B'A = 5  3 1 2 =  7 1
  4 3
12 
22

 1  7  1
C = (AB)(B'A) = 11   7 1 =  77 11 
   
 n(C) = 4; n(A) = 4; n(B) = 2
 1
D = (B'A)(AB) =  7 1 11  = (7 + 11) = (18)
 
 | D | = 18  n(D) = 1


 n (C ) | D |2  n ( D)
  4(324  1)
  n (A )  n (B)  = = 650 Ans. ]
  42

0 1 0
Q.72 Define A = 3 0 . Find a vertical vector V such that (A8 + A6 + A4 + A2 + I)V = 11
   
(where I is the 2 × 2 identity matrix).
0
 
[Ans. V =  1  ]
 
11 

0 1
[Sol.81032/mat/SUB A = 3 0 
 
3 0 
A2 = 0 3 = 3I.
 
Thus A = 9I2 = 9I.
4

We can see A6 = 27 I and A8 = 81 I.

121 0 
Thus A8 + A6 + A4 + A2 + I = 121 I =  0 121 .
 

Page # 30
 a  121 0  a 121a   0 
Let V = b  and then  0 121 b  = 121b = 11
        

0
1  
setting 121 a = 0 and 121 b = 11. This means a = 0 and b = . Thus V =  1  ]
11
 
11 

Page # 31
 ANSWER KEY

Q.1 A Q.2 A Q.3 B Q.4 C Q.5 C

Q.6 B Q.7 B Q.8 B Q.9 C Q.10 C

Q.11 B Q.12 D Q.13 B Q.14 D Q.15 C

Q.16 B Q.17 A Q.18 A Q.19 D Q.20 D

Q.21 D Q.22 B Q.23 B Q.24 A Q.25 D

Q.26 A Q.27 D Q.28 B Q.29 B Q.30 C

Q.31 C Q.32 ABD Q.33 ABCD Q.34 ABC Q.35 ABD

Q.36 BD Q.37 ABD Q.38 CD Q.39 ABD Q.40 ABD

Q.41 AB Q.42 ABCD Q.43 AD Q.44 AD Q.45 ABC

Q.46 AB Q.47 ABCD Q.48 ABCD Q.49 ABC Q.50 B

Q.51 351 Q.52 0 Q.53 0 Q.54 6 Q.55 9

Q.56 3 Q.57 6 Q.58 3 Q.59 6 Q.60 1

Q.61 2 Q.62 5 Q.63 3 Q.64 6 Q.65 2

Q.66 5 Q.67 10 Q.68 5049 Q.69 4 Q.70 8

0
 
Q.71 650 Q.72 V= 1
 
11 