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Parts of Speech & Tenses Unit One

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Parts of Speech & Tenses Unit One

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rajarashied
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Unit One

7th Grade (IGCSE)


Parts of Speech
Present & Past Tenses
Students in this Unit will :
1-identify the difference of derivative forms and the use of parts of
speech in sentences
2- explore the use of present and past tenses using them in a correct
form in the sentence .
Parts of Speech
Name :------------- 7th Grade ( IGCSE)

Noun – Verb – Adjective – Adverb

*Noun : A noun is a word that represents a person , thing , concept or place .It comes in the
following positions :
1- at the beginning of the sentence followed by a verb

E.g. Students should understand the text carefully .

2- after adjective , sometimes we may have more than one adjective describing the noun

E.g. Margot wore a beautiful hat in the party .

3-after preposition (in , on , at ,etc..)

E.g. It is my first visit to Tokyo .

4- after possessive pronouns (my , his , her , its , their ,etc..)

E.g. John is studying hard to pass his exam .

5- after articles ( an , a , the )

E.g. We are looking for an apartment .

6- after demonstratives ( this , that , those , these )

E.g. Wow ! These chairs are comfortable .

Gerund is “ing” form of the verb when it functions as a noun .It is used in the same way as nouns .

E.g. Reading allows me to relax and escape from reality .

E.g. Special equipment and training are needed for climbing .

*Verb : A verb is used to describe an action , state , or occurrence and forming the main part of the
sentence. It comes in the following positions :
1-after a noun

E.g. Look ! The dog is chasing the cat .

2-after modal verbs ( will , shall , can , must , etc…)

E.g. I think we should talk about this matter .

3- after verb to be ( is , are , am , was , were )

E.g. Maya is working on some random topics .

4- at the beginning of the sentence ( in the imperative form )

E.g. Behave yourself , young man .

*Adjective : An adjective is a word that describes or defines a noun ( size , shape , age , color , origin ,
purpose or material )

E.g. Mary has a collection of expensive Russian dolls .

**order of adjectives :

1- I love that big old green car that is always parked at the end of the street.
( size – age –color )

2-My sister has a beautiful big white bulldog .

(quality – size – color )

3- My grandpa has a wonderful old Italian clock.

(opinion – age – origin )

4- Let’s buy a big square blue box for the party .

(size – shape – color )

5- Finally ! I bought a pair of black leather shoes .

( color – material )

***Comparing adjective :

1- This house is bigger than that one .

2- This flower is more beautiful than yours .

3- Johnathan is the most handsome man on campus .

4- This the prettiest dress in the window .


**** Compound adjective :

1- Daniella is a part-time worker .

2-He is a cold- blooded man .

3- Danny’s dog is well – behaved .

4- You have to be open-minded about things .

***** Adjectival phrase :

1- Susan is really clever .

2-The doctor is very late.

*Adverb : an adverb is a word that describes a verb . Most adverbs are formed by adding ( - ly) to an
adjective . if the adjective already ends in (-y) , the (-y) usually changes to (-i) .

-bold / boldly

-interesting / interestingly

- heavy / heavily

-unnecessary / unnecessarily

An adverb may come in the following positions :

1- at the beginning of the sentence ( describing the whole sentence )

E.g. Unfortunately , Friday will be cloudy .

2- after a verb by modifying it

E.g. Tina danced slowly .

* If an adjective ends in (-ly) , we use the phrase in a ------way to express manner .

E.g. This child behaved in a silly way .

**A few adverbs of manner have the same form as the adjective

E.g. They all worked hard .

E.g. I hate driving fast .


Question One . Read the following sentences carefully, the identify the correct part of the speech .

1- The brave firefighter rescued the cat . ----------------, ---------------------,---------------------,---------------------

2-She writes novels in her free time . -----------------,-----------------------, -----------------------, --------------------

3-Wisdom is more valuable than money . ----------------------,---------------------------,-------------------------------

4-He swam across the lake with ease . ----------------------, ----------------------------, ---------------------------------

5-The flowers were beautifully arranged on the table . -------------, ---------------, ---------------,------------------

6-Honesty is the best policy . ----------------------,-----------------------------,-----------------------------------------------

Question Two . Write a short paragraph ( 50 words ) describing life in nature . Use different derivative
forms to describe your writing .

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Present & Past Tenses
Name :------------- 7th Grade ( IGCSE)

Present Simple
We use the simple tense with

1- regular habits or routines.

E.g. We study English at school .

2-permanent situation , scientific facts and general truths.

E.g. Water boils at 100c.

3-personal preferences .

E.g. I like chocolate .

4-timetables , headlines and jokes.

E.g. Tommy’s plane takes off at 7pm .

5- sports commentaries .

E.g. John passes the ball to Tom , he scores directly .

Key words :
usually , every (day , month , year ..), always , sometimes , on Tuesdays , once a …. , twice ….. , in
summer
Patterns of simple present tense for regular verbs

Affirmative

Subject + verb

I skip the page .

He works hard .

Negative

Subject don’t + infinitive without to

doesn’t

They don’t go to the museum.

She doesn’t run quickly.

Interrogative

Do + subject + infinitive without to


Does +subject +infinitive without to

Does She arrive on time ?

Do you Understand the text?

Exercise One . Fill in the space with the correct form of the verb in simple present tense .

1- Jessica -----------------------------(play) the guitar .

2- I ------------------------------(be) sixteen years old .

3-Edward ----------------------------------(live ) at 107 Pine Lane .

4-Nina ------------------------------------(take ) medicine when she is sick .

5-When -------------------Sarah usually -------------------home ? (arrive)

6-He -----------------------------------a nice car .(not / have)

Past Tense
We use the past tense with

The simple past is a verb tense that is used to talk about things that happened or existed in the past.

Key words :
yesterday , ago ( two days ago ,…) , in 2010 … , last (month , year , weekend , Monday ..) , the day
before yesterday
Patterns of simple past tense for regular verbs

Affirmative

Subject + verb + ed

I finished my work yesterday morning.

Negative

Subject + did not + infinitive without to

They didn't go to the supermarket .

Interrogative

Did + subject + infinitive without to

Did she make the homework ?


Exercise Two .Fill in the blanks with the simple past tense of the verbs mentioned in the brackets.

1. I--------------------------------- (pay) the bills last Monday .

2. Reena -------------------------- (graduated ) from Delhi University last year .

4. ------------------- you ---------------------------- (finish) the science assignments yesterday ?

5. Tina ---------------------------- (not / know) about yesterday’s test.

6. -------------------- he ------------------- ( complete) the paper last weekend ?

Exercise Three . Write a short paragraph ( 50 words ) introducing yourself to your classmates . Use
present and past tenses in your writing .

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Raja’ Al-Rashied

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