BATCH SPIDEY 8==D -Baffle

INSTRUMENTS 11. Baro setting that corresponds to the pressure

at sea level?
1. What are the two sub groups in classical
-Query Nautical Height (QNH)
cockpit?
12. Baro setting where baro knob is set to the
-Flight monitoring/ A/C monitoring
actual pressure at ground or at the airport?
2. What display artificial horizon?
-Query Field Elevation (QFE)
-Attitude director indicator
13. Unit used in airspeed?
3. Displays compass?
-Knots
-Heading situation indicator
14. What measures vertical airspeed?
4. Flight monitoring instruments which inform the
-Bellows, Capillary tube and Static input?
pilot about a/c attitude, altitude and airspeed?
15. What prevent the delay in Instantaneous
-Basic T
Vertical Speed Indicator (IVSI)
5. The higher the altitude the lower the ff.
- Acceleration Piston
-Density, Static pressure, Temperature
16. What is the actual air temperature of the
6. What uses both pitot probe and static port? ambient air?

-Airspeed Indicator because Altimeter and -Static Air temperature (SAT)

VSI (vertical airspeed indicator just use the static
17. The sum of ambient temperature and the
port.
temperature generated by air compression?
7. Modern commercial a/c has duplicate pitot-
-Total Air Temperature (TAT)
static pressure system it allows the captain to use
the co-pilot static pressure system? 18. Airspeed indication corrected by any error
which comes from the indicator and the source of
-Alternate static source selector valve
static pressure?
8. What is the standard air temperature?
-Calibrated Air Speed (CAS)
-15°C
19. It is directly depends on the dynamic pressure
9. Method to determine altitude? as the difference between total and static
pressure / mean sea level.
-Barometer-air pressure is measured
-Indicated Airspeed (IS)
-Radio Altimeter- radio wave delayed is
measured 20. If the Air Data Computer (ADC) detects a fault
or does not work at all it will show what?
-GPS
-Red Flags
10. Prevents water or foreign object from
entering the pitot tube 21. The combination of Air Data Computer (ADC)
and Inertial Reference Unit (IRU)
 - Air Data Inertial Reference Unit (ADIRU) -Deviation mode – short continuous sound and
lamp flashes
22. Air Data Module (ADM) contains what?
31. Used to record the communication of the
-Pressure Transducer – converts air
pilots and the sounds in the cockpit
pressure into a digital data word
-Cockpit Voice Recorder
23. Converts the pitot or static pressure and
transmit the data to ADIRU? 32. What is the frequency transmit by the
Underwater Locator Beacon (ULB)
-Air Data Module (ADM)
- 40 kHz and starts automatically when the
24. It replaces the three (3) conventional standby
battery of the beacon comes contact with the
instruments? Altimeter, Horizon Indicator,
water for 30 days
Airspeed Indicator.
33. How long is data stored in Flight Data
-Integrated Standby Instruments System (ISIS)
Recorder (FDR)
25. Stall warning instruments are consists of what
-25 hrs which is continuously updated
components?
when updated
-Angle of Attack (AOA)
34. It first receives the various data from a/c
-Flap-slat position transmitter system parameters from some sensors in Digital
flight data recording system
-Stall warning computer/controller
-Acquisition Unit/Flight Data Acquisition Unit or
-Stick shaker Interface Unit
26. Inform the crew before reaching the desired 35. The degree of the gyro that can only move
height with a amber lamp and a short sound? around its own axis?
-Altitude alert system -One Degree
27. What happens when a critical angle of attack 36. The degree of the gyro that can rotate around
(AOA) is reached? an perpendicular axis?
-Aural warning and Stick shaking -Two degree
28. How do you test the clock? 37. The Gyro is gimballed by means of two
frames?
-In the ANN LT (ANNUNCIATOR LIGHT) selector
and it will shows all 8 -Three degree
29. Activated by an altitude difference of 750ft 38. If the Gyro is constrained by a spring?
(900ft) and alert end at preset altitude is 250ft
(300ft) away? -Half degree of freedom or 1.5°

-Approach Mode – continuous short sound and 39. What type of gyro that uses the 1.5° of
lamp illuminated continuously freedom?

30. Activated when the a/c deviated more than -Rate Gyro
250ft (300ft) from the preset altitude?
40. What are the two types of optical 51. The angle between true north and magnetic
gyroscopes? north?

-RING LASER GYRO –two counter propagating -Variation

laser beams in a ring cavity are compared with
52. The angle between longitudinal axes
each other
-Indicated heading
-FIBRE OPTIC GYRO
53. Reference to the geographic North Pole?
41. What gyro is used for attitude and directional
measurements? -True North
-Gimballed Gyros 54. A compass is affected by magnetic field inside
the a/c; a/c magnetic field changes the direction
42. Vertical Gyros are used in?
of magnetic north
-Vertical axis also used in artificial horizon
-Compass Deviation
43. Directional Gyros are used in?
55. Magnetic field detector also known as FLUX
-horizontal axis VALVE where it is located?

44. Gyro precession? -Wing tip and Vertical stabilizer

-90° angle to the force acting on it 56. This indication shows the situation of the a/c
viewed from above
45. To erect the gyro immediately you need
what? -Horizontal Situational Indicator (HSI)

-A caging mechanism 57. What are the two display in the Electronic
Flight Instruments) EFIS
46. In vertical gyro gimballed what transfers the
signal of the pitch and roll angle into electrical -Primary Flight Display (PFD) and
signal? Navigational Display (ND)

-Synchros 58. Shows the situation of the a/c looking ahead?

47. Switching of attitude indication from a term -Primary Flight Display (PFD)
vertical gyro?
59. What do you call the lower part of the
-Attitude transfer Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitor (ECAM)?

48. A what speed should we never move a gyro? -System Display

- Intermediate or medium speed 60. What do you call the upper part of the ECAM?

49. Completed turn in two minutes? -Engine Warning Display (EWD)

-Standard Turn 360° 61. What colour of the push button is used for
immediate action?
50. What type of gyro that provides heading?
-Red
-Directional gyro
62. What colour of the push button is used for a MODE 3: ALTITUDE LOSS AFTER TAKE-OFF
failure needing awareness but no immediate
Provides alerts when the a/c looses significant
action?
amount of altitude immediately after take-off has
-Amber a aural warning “DON’T SINK”

63. What colour of the pushed button is used to MODE 4: UNSAFE TERRAIN CLEARANCE
indicate a push button in a abnormal position?
Alerts and warning insufficient terrain clearance
-White is detected in reference the phase of flight and
speed. Has a aural warning of “TOO LOW
64. Different alert level classified in ECAM?
TERRAIN”
-Levels 1,2 and 3
*MODE 5: BELOW GLIDE SLOPE
LEVEL 3: Warning Emergency Configuration,
When the a/c deviates below the glide slope
LEVEL 2: Caution Abnormal Configuration and
beam during a front course Instrument Landing
LEVEL1: Caution Configuration to Minor
System (ILS) approach

“Soft” alert activation 1.3 dots below the beam

65. It is to warn the flight crew when the a/c is
centre has aural warning “GLIDE SLOPE” (-6dB)
too closed to the ground
“Hard” alert activation below 300ft more 2 dots
-Ground Proximity Warning System (GPWS)
below the glide slope. “GLIDE SLOPE”
66. The GPWS operates automatically in what
MODE 6: CALL OUTS
height?
Alerts and callouts when the a/c descends below
-less than2500 feet
predefined altitudes, Decision height (DH)
67. What is the additional feature of Enhanced minimums decision height or approaching
Ground Proximity Warning System (EGPWS) minimum.

-Terrain awareness alerting and display and Bank Angle: occurs when the a/c bank is larger
Terrain clearance floor than 10°

ENHANCED GROUND PROXIMITY WARNING *MODE 7: WINDSHEAR ALERTING

COMPUTER MODES
Produce alert for flights into excessive wind shear
MODE 1: EXESSIVE DESCENT RATE conditions during take-off or final approach

Outer alert warning “SINK RATE” and the Inner Is active during 10-1500ft AGL during the initial
alert “PULL UP” it uses the barometric vertical take-off or final approach phases of flight.
speed, inertial vertical speed and radio altitude.
68. Terrain alerting look ahead “WARNING” is
*MODE 2: EXESSIVE TERRAIN CLOSURE RATE how many seconds?

When the a/c penetrates this mode the computer -20-30 seconds
send aural message “TERRAIN, TERRAIN”
69. Terrain alerting look ahead “CAUTION” is how
together with visual annunciation light and if the
many seconds?
a/c continues the boundaries the aural message
is change to “PULL UP” repeatedly. -40-60 seconds
 -Aircraft Communication Addressing and
Reporting System (ACARS)
70. A computer that collects and filters vibration
data for indication and engine trend monitoring? 7. Radio communication for long distances which
is deflected in the Ionosphere?
-Engine Vibration Monitoring Unit (EVMU)
-High Frequency (HF)
71. Two methods of measuring Fuel on Board
(FOB) quantity 8. Stores all communication of the flight crew for
later accident or incident investigation?
-Ultra Sonic (Large A/C) and Capacitors
-Cockpit Voice Recorder

Two types of CVR: Analogue tape recorder stores

COMMUNICATION 30mins and Digital tape recorder stores 120mins

1.What are the communication system of modern 9. What is the panel perform the frequency
a/c selection of the radio communication system?

A/C communication: Interphone/Passenger -Radio Management Panel

Address 10. Select the different systems between the
Radio Communication: headphone and microphone?
VHF/HF/SATCOM/ACARS -Audio Control Panel (ACP)
Accident Investigation: Voice Recorder/ELT 11. Wireless carrier used for communication
2. It allows communication for long distances during flight?

-High Frequency (HF) 3MHz to 30 MHz -Radio Frequency

3. It allows the communication over 200 nautical 12. Satcom uses what frequency?
miles and also used by the VOR and ILS -Super High Frequency (SHF)
-Very High Frequency (VHF) 30MHz and 300 MHz 13. It is the distance between high or low
VHF range for a/c communication is 118MHz to electron concentrations?
136.975 MHz -Wavelength
Emergency Frequency 121.5 14. If you increase the frequency what will
4.It allows the flight to give announcement to the happen to the wave length?
passenger? -It get smaller
-Passenger Address System 15. Amplitude Modulation (AM) is?
5. It allows the cockpit crew to communicate over -Variation of Amplitude
the whole world?
16. Frequency Modulation is (FM) is?
-SATELLITE COMMUNICATION (SATCOM)
-Variation of Frequency
6. Allows exchange of information like flight and
maintenance data between a/c and ground
17. How much power do we need for VHF
transmission?
26. When can you erase the CVR?
-25W
-A/C on ground and the parking brake is set
18. How much power do we need for HF
27. Before transmitting any request or
transmission?
information what must be done?
-200-400W
- Make sure no actual communication is in
19. How are HF antennas electronically lengthen? progress

-Antenna Coupler 28. Knob used for noise suppression level?

20. Connection between transceiver and -SQL

antenna?
29. Automatic report send by ACARS?
-Radio frequency (RF) lines
-OUT, OFF, ON, IN (OOOI) ETA and Aircraft
Two types of RF lines Conditioning Monitoring System (ACMS)

Co-axial: frequencies up to 3GHz 30. How many satellite we used in SATCOM?

Waveguides: frequencies ABOVE 3GHz used in -FOUR (4)

weather radar
31. Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT) are
21. What is used to prevent build of high powered by internal battery for how many hours?
voltages?
-48hrs
-Static Discharger
32. Which antenna has a Beam steerable unit?
22. Has the highest priority in the PAS?
-High antenna
-BOOMSET

*Oxygen mask has priority over boomset

AUTOFLIGHT
- 1st Cockpit crew/ 2nd is the Purser/ 3rd other 1. Shows the pilot how to fly the a/c manually?
cabin members/ 4th pre-recorded messages -Flight Director (FD)
23. How many antenna in the VHF? 2. System that reduces for the pilot work for
-Three (3) engine?

24. How many antenna in the HF? -Auto Throttle

-Two (2) 3. Monitors all operations of modern auto flight

system?
25. What antenna do we used in ACARS
(location)? -Flight Envelop

-Antenna number 3 4. Compares the actual attitude of the a/c and

the commanded attitude?
1 up, 2 down, 3 up.
-Inner Loop
5. Override device in case a failure in the system 12. Maintains the longitudinal stability without
to disengage the auto pilot? permanent elevator deflections?

-Adjust Slip Clutch -Pitch Trim System

6. Convert a force to a proportional voltage? 13. Different sub-system of pitch trims?

-Force transducer Manual trim: Pilot input from trim switch

Kinds of force transducer Automatic trim: This works with autopilot

engaged
E-Pick up: Works as a transformer and has one
primary and 2 secondary coils. MACH Trim: which prevents the tuck under of the
a/c due to increasing in MACH number.
Dynamometric Rod
Alpha Trim: Prevents the AOA during high speed
7. Comparison between desired path and actual
flights
flight path?
Speed Trim: Provides speed stability during take-
-Outer loop
off and go-around
Attitude limiter: Prevents dangerous rolls and
14. What are the kinds of auto throttle system?
pitch manoeuvres limited to 30°
Auto-Throttle: Uses the servomotor to adjust the
Pitch limited: Nose up 25° Nose Down is 5°
throttle position and the mechanical linkage to
8. Third auto pilot can decide which is the wrong the engine
signal and can disengage the auto-pilot with a
Auto-Thrust: Used in a/c fly by wire it delivers a
failure?
digital signal directly to the Full Authority Digital
-Fail Operational Engine Control (FADEC) computer of the engine.

9. What are the different auto pilot flight controls 15. Two modes of operation in auto throttle?
integration?
Thrust mode: It controls either the engine
- Electrical autopilot servomotor: This is directly pressure ratio (EPR) or the N1 rotational speed to
connected to the cable system near the control the desired value.
column.
Speed mode: Controls the calibrated airspeed of
Hydraulic Motor: Integrated inside the hydraulic the a/c. The desired valued come from the FMS
power unit.
16. In what flight phase the auto throttle
Separate Hydraulic motor: Used in large disengaged?
commercial a/c that is only used for auto pilot.
-During landing
10. What are the two command bars found in the
17. The speed in the control panel can be
Flight Director (FD)
selected by two modes?
-Roll Command Bar and Pitch Command Bar
-Calibrated airspeed and Mach number
11. System that reduces Dutch roll oscillation?

-Yaw Damper
18. It calculates the thrust limit for the engines 3rd Marker Beacon: Receiver and antenna, it
actual situation. It needs the total air supplies visual and aural indications when the a/c
temperature and altitude? passes marker beacon transmitters in a specific
distance to the runway.
-Air Data Computer (ADC)
2. Difference between the magnetic north and
19. Selected when maximum thrust is not
the true north?
required because of low take-off weights or long
runways? -Variation

-Flexible take-off or reduced take-off 3. Means flying in good weather conditions and
with visual ground references?
20. Selected after an engine failure, it gives the
maximum thrust value for the remaining engine -Visual Flight Rules (VFR)
without time limits?
4. Flying without visual ground references, day
-Maximum Continuous Thrust (MCT) and night or in bad weather conditions?

21. This the lowest thrust limits and produces the -Instruments Flight Rules
lowest stress in the engine?
5. The direction of the a/c which the nose of the
-Cruise a/c is pointing is called?

22. What do you use to switch “ON” the auto -Heading and is measured clockwise from north
throttle?
6. The direction from the a/c position to an
-Push button and Toggle switch object?

23. When the auto throttle is engaged both -Bearing

clutches are closed and connects the servo motor
7. What are the ways of tuning?
with the throttle. When the pilot wants to move
the throttle manually it is done by what? Automatic Tuning: is the normal way, tuning from
the Flight Management System (FMS)
-Force Transducer
Manual Tuning: via FMS by selecting the
NAVIGATION SYSTEM frequency on the navigational radio page on the
MCDU
1. What are the three (3) sub systems of
Instruments Landing System (ILS)? 8. What are the two (2) antennas in Automatic
Directional Finder (ADF) that receives the
1st Localizer: Have a receiver, an antenna and electromagnetic waves?
often also a control panel. It uses a radio signals
from the ground to calculate lateral guidance to Loop Antenna: receives the magnetic part of the
the runway centre line. wave and delivers the loop signal to the ADF
receiver
2nd Glide Slope: Also has a receiver and antenna,
uses radio signal from the ground station to Sense Antenna: receives the electric part of the
calculate the descent path to the touch down wave and deliver this as the SENSE signal to the
point on the runway for the auto pilot indication. ADF receiver.
9. What are the two (2) signals that VHF Omni Middle Marker (MM): located 1000m from the
directional Range (VOR) ground station runway, transmitted signal is about 1300Hz which
transmits? turns on AMBER

Reference Signal: transmitted in all direction Inner Marker (IM): located 300m from the
runway, transmitted tone is 3000Hz. Lamp will
Variable Signal: rotating beam
turn WHITE
10. Transmit spoken traffic information and
16. This system is mainly used during take-off,
weather reports?
approach and landing and only indicated below
-Automatic Terminal Information Service (ATIS) 2500 ft?

11. Provides lateral and vertical position data -Low Range Radio Altimeter (LRRA)
necessary to put the a/c on the runway for
*Transceiver generates a radar signal of 4200 to
approach?
4400MHz with a power of 100mW
Instrument Landing System (ILS)
*Also interchangeable
12. What is the frequency of the localizer?
17. It measures the slant distance from the a/c to
- 108.10 to 111.95MHz the ground station?

LEFT and UP lobes: 90Hz -Distance Measuring Equipment (DME)

RIGHT and DOWN lobes: 150Hz *Operates in a frequency of 962 to 1213MHz

13. Location of the localizer and glide slope 18. How do you measure or tune in the DME?
antenna?
-DME is automatically tuned when you select the
-Under the nose radome corresponding VHF NAV frequency

Localizer antenna: Is larger *DME ANTENNA IS SAME AS ATC ANTENNA

WORK IN SAME FREQUENCY RANGE
*THE GLIDE SLOPE AND THE LOCALIZER IS PAIRED
AUTOMATICALLY 19. How do you move the Weather Radar
Antenna (WXR) (+,-) 90°?
14. What are the different landing categories?
-Azimuth Motor
CAT 1: needs 800m of the run way sight, called
runway visibility range (RVR), at a height of 200ft. 20. Keeps the antenna horizontally independent
of the a/c altitude?
CAT 2: requires 400m runway visibility at a height
of 100ft -Elevation Scanner

CAT 3: needs less than 200m runway at a height 21. What are the two types of antenna in
below 100ft weather radar?

15. All marker beacon frequency? FLAT PLATE TYPE: It is more efficient than the
parabolic reflector and it is more common on
- 75 MHz modern WRX
Outer Marker (OM): 7km from the runway, has a *LESS SIDE LOBES THAN PARABOLA TYPE, SIDE
400 Hz tone. And the lamp will turn BLUE LOBES WOULD LEAD TO NUISANCE TARGET
*PARABOLA TYPE Alt Reporting off: The transponder replies only to
MODE A or MODE S interrogations. But altitude
COLOR IN WRX AND THEIR MEANING
reporting is inhibited in MODE C.
RED: Very heavy rainy storms
XPNDR: Transponder is fully operative and replies
YELLOW: Intermediate level to all interrogations.

GREEN: Moderate level 7500: HIJACKING

22. Frequency of echoes increases when the 7600: RADIO FAILURE

targets move towards the a/c and decreases
7700: A/C EMERGENCY
when the targets move away?
Traffic Collision Avoidance System (TCAS)
-Doppler Effect
-designed to protect the top protect the airspace
23. Safe distance for personnel when WRX is in
around
operation?
-function of TCAS determines the ranged,
- 10 to 15 feet
altitude, bearing and closure rate of the a/c which
24. When refuelling and large metallic object is equipped with an ATC transponder
must have a safety distance of?
Different modes in TCAS
-more than 200 to 300 feet
Resolution Advisory (RA): Nearest
25. Monitors and controls air traffic?
Has a preventive and corrective RA
- Air Traffic Controller (ATC)
Preventive: Occurs when the present vertical
26. ATC transponder of A/C can reply to three speed achieves a safe altitude separation from
modes? the threat a/c “MONITOR VERTICAL SPEED”

MODE A: transmits a four digit identification Corrective: When altitude separation is not safe.
code. “CLIMB, CLIMB” and “REDUCED CLIMB”

MODE C: transmits barometric altitude of the A/C Traffic Alert (TA): Aural alert “TRAFFIC, TRAFFIC”
which it receives from the air data computer.
Others:
MODE S: it’s a advanced system that help ATC to
control increasing traffic.
28. It is a satellite based navigation system that
SQUITTER: DO NOT WAIT FOR INTEROGATIONS
calculates A/C position with highest accuracy
AND PERMANENTLY TRANSMITS THE SIGNAL
-Global Positioning System (GPS)
27. ATC interrogations on a frequency of?
*Uses 24 primary and 3 spare satellites
- 1030MHz and reply on 1090 MHz
GPS offers 2 services:
STANDBY: Means that the transponder is ON but
replies is inhibited. Normal mode on the GROUND Precision positioning service (PPS): only available
to military
Standard Positioning Service (SPS): used in civil
A/C

*Uses the frequency of 1575.42 MHz and

accuracy of 15 to 25m

29. It uses a reference station at the airport, It

calculates a position error from the difference
between its own accurately known position and
the position which is calculated from the GPS
signal

-Differential GPS

*Accuracy of 3m

30. Motions along the axes are measured by

what?

-Accelerometers

Types of Accelerometers

Electrolyte: Glass tube moves with the

acceleration

Mass and spring:

Pendulum: Moves until the acceleration force is

equal to the force of gravity

*Pendulum is the preferred type

The Inertial Reference Unit (IRU) need 10mins to

align phase of the ground

31. It is the standard navigational system in long

range a/c before the use of flight management
system

- Inertial Navigation System (INS)

32. The Flight Management System (FMS) must

updated every?

- 28 Days

33. Two kinds of data loader?

-Airborne and Portable