Environmental Studies-3

1. Me and My Family
I. 1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (a) 4. (d)
II. 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. T
III. 1. good 2. family 3. Twins 4. children 5. joint
IV. 1. Nuclear families are those in which only parents and children
live together. 2. Do it yourself. 3. Our duty towards the family
is to take care of them and love them. 4. We learn good things
from our family.

2. Work We Do
I. 1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (a)
II. 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T
III. 1. Work 2. occupation 3. family 4. parents 5. working
IV. 1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (d) 4. (e) 5. (c)
V. 1. The work that people do to earn money is called occupation.
2. Farmer grows crops in the fields. 3. The father goes out to
work and earn money. Mothers take care of the home and
household activities. Grandparents usually stay at home and
help in small chores of the house like bringing milk, teaching
their grandchildren, cutting vegetables, gardening, etc. Children
help their parents by keeping their things at proper places.
4. Social workers are the people who serve the community for
free. They work selflessly for the good of the society. 5. Some
children are not able to go to school at all. They want to study
but are forced to work because their parents cannot afford
to send them to school. These children work as delivery boys,
maids and car cleaners.

3. Games We Play
I. 1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (c)
II. 1. T 2. T 3. T 4. T
III. 1. games 2. recreational 3. indoor 4. occupation
IV. 1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (a)
V. 1. Playing games is important. It is a good exercise for the body
and mind. It keeps us fresh and active. Playing games is the best
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 form of entertainment and recreation. 2. Skipping, kabaddi,
seven tiles (Pithoo), hide and seek (aankh-micholi), hopscotch
(stapoo), langri-taang etc. 3. Games that are played outside the
house on a ground or in the park are called outdoor games.
Some outdoor games are hockey, cricket, football and lawn
tennis.

4. Plants Around Us
I. 1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (c)
II. 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. T
III. 1. Creepers 2. chlorophyll 3. Fallen 4. important 5. eucalyptus
IV. 1. Plants that grow on land are called terrestrial plants.
2. The process by which green plants prepare their own food
is called photosynthesis. 3. Leaves are the most important
part of a plant. They are made up of the leaf blade, leaf stalk,
main vein, side veins and the stomata. Different plants have
different–sized leaves. 4. Most plants shed their leaves once
a year. Some trees shed leaves before winter and some after
winter. 5.  Leaves of some plants are used as food like— mint,
spinach, fenugreek, coriander, etc. Many animals also eat
leaves of plants.  In South India, banana leaves are used as
plates. The dried leaves of Dhak tree are used to make plates
(pattles) and bowls (donas). They are used to serve food. 6. Do
not burn dry leaves as they cause pollution. The fallen leaves
can be used to make compost. It is very useful as a manure. It
adds up nutrients to the soil for better growth.

5. Animal Kingdom
I. 1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (c)
II. 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. T
III. 1. Cow 2. Spiders 3. six 4. wings

6. Creepy Crawlies
I. 1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (b)
II. 1. spider 2. Insects 3. bite, sting 4. nectar 5. Earthworms
III. 1. Insects are tiny creatures which crawl as well as fly. They
have six legs and their body is divided into three parts— head,
thorax and abdomen. 2. Cholera, Dysentery 3.  Insects like
honeybees suck nectar from flowers. They make honey with
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 this nectar. We use honey for several purposes.  Butterflies,
bumble bees and some other insects help in the transfer of
pollen grains from one flower to another.  We get silk from the
cocoon of the silkworm. 4. Malaria, Dengue

7. Birds Around Us
I. 1. (d) 2. (d) 3. (c)
II. 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. F
III. 1. feathers 2. beaks 3. weaver 4. beautiful, colourful 5. crow
IV. 1. Down feathers and flight feathers located close to the body.
They keep the body of bird warm. 2. Birds usually communicate
with two kinds of sounds— a call and a song. A call is a single
sound such as a squeak that is repeated often. A song is a series
of notes that sounds musical. 3. Some birds fly long distances
to warmer places every year to escape from the extreme cold
conditions. Such birds are called Migratory birds. Some birds
also move due to shortage of food or to reproduce. 4. Birds
have different kinds of beaks. They have no teeth. They use
their beak to catch and hold food. The shape of a bird’s beak
tells us about the kind of food it eats. 5. Sparrows has short,
hard and pointed beaks to crack their food.

8. The Food We Eat

I. 1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (c) 4. (b)
II. 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. F
III. 1. germs 2. steaming 3. vessels 4. roasted 5. balanced
IV. 1. Cooking makes the food soft, tasty and easy to chew and
digest. Cooking also kills the germs in the food. 2. Fruit,
vegetables, roots, stem, leaves and flowers. 3. A diet that
contains all the nutrients in the correct proportions is called
a balanced diet. 4. Food can be cooked in different ways.
Boiling, Baking, Steaming, Roasting, Grilling, Frying. 5. Family
members should eat atleast one meal together. It gives sense
of togetherness. In families, most of the members eat the
same kind of food.

9. Our House
I. 1. (d) 2. (a) 3. (a)
II. 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. F
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III. 1. surroundings 2. Caravan 3. drainage 4. beautiful
IV. 1. A house protects us from heat, cold, wind, dust, wild animals
and thieves. 2. We should clean our house by clean the floor,
bathroom, kitchen and other room. We should clean the floor
by mopping. 3. An Ideal house should have the following
qualities:  The floor of the kitchen and bathroom should
slope towards the drain. This allows water to flow out easily.
 There should be a proper drainage system to carry dirty
water away from the house. Mosquitoes breed in uncovered
drain and spread diseases like malaria and dengue. So kitchen
and bathroom drains must be covered.  Doors and windows
should have a wire-netting to keep away flies and mosquitoes.
4. We decorate our house on several occasions like birthday
parties and festivals. People use different things to decorate
their houses like rangoli, flowers, leaves, festoons, balloons
and light.

10. Mapping My Neighbourhood

I. 1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (b)
II. 1. T 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. T
III. 1. Directions 2. sketch 3. plan 4. atlas 5. knowledge
IV. 1. A compass helps us to know the directions with the help of
a needle. The needle always points to the North. 2. A feature
of a town that is easily recognized from a distance is called
landmark. 3. East, West, North, South 4. A sketch is a rough
drawing of a place while a plan is a detailed drawing of a
small area. 5. A map is a drawing of a large area with proper
measurements.

11. Water is Everywhere

I. 1. (c) 2. (c)
II. 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. T
III. 1. blue 2. bucket 3. Jaundice

IV. 1. Most part of the earth is covered with water. That is why
earth is also called blue planet. 2. Some of the ways to keep
the water clean are:  Store water in clean containers. Keep the
containers covered.  Water used for drinking should not be
stored for many days.  Take out water from deep containers
with the help of a ladle. Do not dip your hands. 3. We need
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 water for all our activities like drinking, bathing, washing and
cooking. 4. Some of the rainwater that falls on the ground seeps
though the soil and gets collected under the ground water. This
is called underground water.

12. Means of Communication

I. 1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (c)
II. 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. T
III. 1. computer 2. Newspapers 3. Dumb, deaf 4. hand
IV. 1. The sending and receiving of messages and information
is called communication. 2. An e-mail is the fastest way of
sending written messages and photographs. 3. Computers all
over the world are linked through the internet. 4. When we
communicate or broadcast a message to a large number of
people at a time, then it is called mass communication.

13. Our Clothes

I. 1. (d) 2. (a) 3. (c)

II. 1. T 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. T

III. 1. cotton 2. Wool 3. cocoon 4. mulberry

14. The Universe

I. 1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (d)

II. 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. T

III. 1. plants 2. Moon 3. Sun 4. Mercury 5. Jupiter

IV. 1. The planets revolve around the Sun. 2. Saturn is the sixth
planet of the Solar System. It is the most beautiful planet.
Saturn looks beautiful as it has beautiful rings. 3. Sun is the
main source of energy on Earth. 4. It looks like a white shining
ball. Moon is smaller than the Sun but still it appears to be
almost same in size as the Sun. 5. The energy that the sun
gives out is known as solar energy. This energy is used for
various purposes like cooking food, lighting lamps and running
vehicles.

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