The Triangle and Its Properties

Topic : Exam Important Questions

1. Find the value of 𝑥 in the given figure.

[2 marks]

 A. 10 cm

 B. 8 cm

 C. 6 cm

 D. 20 cm
By applying Pythagoras’ property:
2 2 2
x = (6 cm) + (8 cm)
2 2
⇒ x = 100 cm
⇒ x = 10 cm
[2 marks]

Copyright © Think and Learn Pvt. Ltd. Exam Important Questions

 The Triangle and Its Properties

2. A 15 𝑚 long ladder reached a window 12 𝑚 high from the ground on placing it

against a wall at a distance 𝑎. Find the distance of the foot of the ladder from
the wall.

[2 marks]
Let the distance of the foot of the ladder from the wall be 𝑎.
Now applying Pythagoras’ property:
2 2 2
(a) + (12 m) = (15 m)

[0.5 mark]
2 2 2
(a) + (12 m) = (15 m)

2 2 2
⇒ a = 225 m − 144 m
2 2
⇒ a = 81 m

⇒ a = 9 m
[1.5 marks]
Hence, the distance of the foot of the ladder from the wall is 9 m.

Copyright © Think and Learn Pvt. Ltd. Exam Important Questions

 The Triangle and Its Properties

3. A tree is broken at a height of 5 𝑚 from the ground and its top touches the
ground at a distance of 12 𝑚 from the base of the tree. Find the original height
of the tree.

[3 marks]
Let, the length of the broken part (inclined to the ground) be x.
[0.5 mark]

Applying Pythagoras’ theorem in the triangle formed,

2 2 2 2 2 2
⇒ (5 m) + (12 m) = x ⇒ 25 m + 144 m = x

2 2
⇒ x = 169 m

⇒ x = 13 m
[1.5 marks]

Hence, the original height of the tree

= 5 m + 13 m = 18 m

[1 mark]

Copyright © Think and Learn Pvt. Ltd. Exam Important Questions

 The Triangle and Its Properties

4. Which of the following can be the sides of a right-angled triangle?

(i) 2.5 cm, 6.5 cm, 6 cm
(ii) 2 cm, 2 cm, 5 cm
In the case of right-angled triangles, identify the right angles.
[4 marks]
(i) The sides of a right-angled triangle always follow Pythagoras’ property.
[0.5 mark]
Now, (2.5 cm) + (6 cm) 2 2

2 2
= 6.25 cm + 36 cm
2
= 42.25 cm
2
= (6.5 cm)

So, (2.5 cm) + (6 cm) = (6.5 cm)

2 2 2

Hence, these are the sides of a right-angled triangles.

The length of the hypotenuse is 6.5 𝑐𝑚.

[1.5 marks]

(ii) The sides of a right-angled triangle always follow Pythagoras’ property.

[0.5 mark]
Now, (2 cm) + (2 cm)
2 2

2 2
= 4 cm + 4 cm

2
= 8 cm
2
= (4√2 cm)

So, (2.5 cm) 2

+ (6 cm)
2
= (4√2 cm)
2
≠ 5 cm

Hence, these are not the sides of a right-angled triangles.

[1.5 marks]

Copyright © Think and Learn Pvt. Ltd. Exam Important Questions

 The Triangle and Its Properties

5. The diagonals of a rhombus measure 16 cm and 30 cm. Find its perimeter.

[4 marks]
Given: Diagonals AC = 30 cm and DB = 16cm.
Since the diagonals of the rhombus bisect at right angle to each other.

DB 16
T heref ore, OD = = = 8 cm
2 2

AC 30
And, OC = = = 15 cm
2 2

[1 mark]

Now, in right angle triangle DOC,

2 2 2
(DC) = (OD) + (OC)

2 2 2
⇒ (DC) = (8) +)(15)

2
⇒ (DC) = 64 + 225 = 289

⇒ DC = √289 = 17 cm

[2 marks]
Perimeter of rhombus = 4 × side
= 4 × 17 = 68 cm
Thus, the perimeter of rhombus is 68 cm.
[1 mark]

Copyright © Think and Learn Pvt. Ltd. Exam Important Questions

 The Triangle and Its Properties

6. AM is the median of triangle ABC. Is AB + BC + CA > 2AM?

[2 marks]
In △ABC we have two sub triangles △ABM and △AMC.

So, in triangle △ABM using the inequality of the triangle that the sum of any
two sides is always greater than or equal to the third side.

We have, AB+BM>AM ………….(1)

[0.5 mark]

Using the same in △AMC, MC+CA>AM ………….(2)

​[0.5 mark]

Adding equation (1) and (2), We get

AB+(BM+MC)+AC> 2AM
AB+BC+CA> 2AM

Hence AB+BC+CA> 2AM is proved to be true.

[1 mark]

Copyright © Think and Learn Pvt. Ltd. Exam Important Questions

 The Triangle and Its Properties

7. The lengths of two sides of a triangle are 13 cm and 16 cm. The third side
should lie between 'a' cm and 'b' cm for the triangle to be formed. What will be
the value of a + b?

 A. 26

 B. 29

 C. 32

 D. 35
The third side of a triangle must be greater than the difference between the
other two sides.

That is, third side > (16 - 13) which is 3.

Also, the sum of lengths of any two sides of a triangle is always greater than
the third side.

That is, third side < (16 + 13) which is 29.

Hence, a + b = 3 + 29 = 32.

8. The lengths of two sides of a triangle are 6 cm and 8 cm. Between which two
numbers can length of the third side fall?
[3 marks]
We know that the sum of two sides of a triangle is always greater than the
third.

Therefore, third side has to be less than the sum of the two sides. The third
side is thus, less than 8 cm +6 cm = 14 cm.
[1 mark]

The side cannot be less than the difference of the two sides. Thus, the third
side has to be more than 8 cm – 6 cm = 2 cm.
[1 mark]

The length of the third side could be any length greater than 2 and less than
14 cm.

[1 mark]

Copyright © Think and Learn Pvt. Ltd. Exam Important Questions

 The Triangle and Its Properties

9. The sides AB and AC of △ABC are produced to P and Q respectively.

The bisectors of exterior angle at B and C of △ABC meet at O.

1
Prove that : ∠BOC = 90° − ∠A.
2

Copyright © Think and Learn Pvt. Ltd. Exam Important Questions

 The Triangle and Its Properties
Solution:
According to the given figure and question, we have:

∘
∠CBP = 180 − ∠ABC
(BO is the bisector of ∠CBP)

1
∠CBO = ∠CBP
2

1
∘
∠CBO = (180 − ∠ABC)
2

1
∘
∠CBO = 90 − ∠ABC . . . . . . . . . . . . . (1)
2

∘
Similarly, ∠BCQ = 180 − ∠ACB

( CO is the bisector os ∠BCQ)

1
∠BCO = ∠BCQ
2

1
∘
∠BCO = (180 − ∠ACB)
2

1
∘
∠BCO = 90 − ∠ACB . . . . . . . . . . . . . (2)
2

∘
∠BOC = 180 − (∠CBO + ∠BCO)

1 1
∘ ∘ ∘
∠BOC = 180 − (90 − ∠ABC + 90 − ∠ACB)
2 2

1 1
∘ ∘
∠BOC = 180 − 180 + ∠ABC + ∠ACB
2 2

1
∠BOC = (∠ABC + ∠ACB)
2

∘
(We have : 180 − ∠BAC = ∠ABC + ∠ACB by triangle property)

1
∘
⇒ ∠BOC = (180 − ∠BAC)
2

1
∘
∴ ∠BOC = 90 − ∠BAC
2

Hence proved.

Copyright © Think and Learn Pvt. Ltd. Exam Important Questions

 The Triangle and Its Properties

10.
Find the value of the unknowns 𝑥 and y in the given triangle.

[2 marks]

Using Exterior Angle Property of a triangle.

⇒ 50° + x = 120°

⇒ x = 120° − 50°

⇒ x = 70° [1 mark]

Using the angle sum property of a triangle.

⇒ 50° + x + y = 180°

⇒ y = 180° − 50° − 70°

⇒ y = 60° [1 mark]

11. Think and answer the following questions.

I) Can you think of a triangle in which two altitudes of the triangle are two of its
sides?
I I ) Will an altitude always lie in the interior of a triangle?

[2 marks]
Right-angled triangle is the triangle in which two altitudes of the triangle are
two of its sides.
[1 mark]
No, altitude may lie in the interior or the exterior of a triangle.
[1 mark]

Copyright © Think and Learn Pvt. Ltd. Exam Important Questions