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Unit 6 - Functions

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10 views24 pages

Unit 6 - Functions

Cacota

Uploaded by

hjanorh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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UNIT 6: FUNCTIONS

3º ESO. MATHS (AICLE)


DEFINITION of function
A function in math is visualized
as a rule, which gives a unique
output for every input. It’s a
relation between an
independent variable, usually
“x”, and a dependent variable,
normally “y” (for each value of
“x”, there is one value of “y”).
https:
//www
.math
sisfun
.com/
sets/fu
nction
.html

f(x)=2x
math intervals
domain and range of a function
x and y intercepts
Continuity
We can say that a function is
continuous, if we can plot the graph of a
function without lifting our pen. If we lift
our pen to plot a certain part of a graph,
we can say that it is a discontinuous
function.
increasing and decreasing intervals
Increasing intervals are when the
output increases as the input increases,
like a direct relationship. We can more
commonly think of this as “y” increasing
as “x” increases, or as a positive slope.

Decreasing intervals are when the


output decreases as the input increases,
like an inverse relationship. We can more
commonly think of this as “y” decreasing
as “x” increases, or as a negative slope.
relative extrema (maximums and minimums)
Relative extrema are basically either
the relative maximum or the relative
minimum. Keep in mind that a
"relative" maximum or minimum value
does not mean it is the absolute
maximum or minimum value of the
graph, but that it is the maximum or
minimum of that region of the graph.
*Absolute extrema are the maximum
and minimum “y” values on a graph,
the whole graph.
Concavity and Points of Inflection
In short, a concave (or concave down)
function is one whose graph is shaped
like an upside-down U, or that decreases
in value "faster and faster."
As you might have guessed, then, a
convex (or concave up) function is one
whose graph is shaped like a right-side
up U, or that increases in value "faster
and faster."
If the graph switches between being
convex and concave, the point(s) at
which this happens are called inflection
points.
symmetry of functions
periodic functions
A function is called periodic if it
repeats itself over and over again at
regular intervals.
Formally, a function f is periodic
with period T (T>0) if f(x+T)=f(x)
for all “x”. The smallest such positive
T is called the period.
exercises about functions I
1. Select all of the following graphs which represent y as a function of x.
exercises about functions II
2. Select all of the following statements that describe a function:
a) An amount of revenue a car company makes is a function of how many cars are sold.
b) A person's income is a function of their height.
c) A town's yearly unemployment rate is a function of the year.
d) The number of kilometers ridden is a function of the average rate of travel.
e) The area of a circle is a function of its radius.
f) A bank account number is a function of the balance.
g) A balance is a function of the bank account number.
3. Select all of the following tables which represent y as a function of x.
exercises about functions III
4. Given the function h(p)=p2+2p, calculate:
a) h(2) b) h(0) c) h(-1) d) h(-3)+5
5. Given f(x)=7x-1, evaluate f(-4) and calculate “x” when f(x)=6.
6. A function N=f(y) gives the number of police officers, N, in a town in year. What does
f(2005)=300 represent?
7. Based on the table below, evaluate f(2) and calculate “x” when f(x)=2.
exercises about functions IV
8. Given this graph, evaluate f(2)
and calculate “x” when f(x)=4.

9. This plot represents the


function f(x). Calculate “x” when
f(x)=3.
exercises about functions V
10. The following describes the United States nuclear stockpile from 1944 to 1974. From 1944 to
1958, there was a gradual increase in the number of warheads from 0 to about 5000. From 1958 to
1966, there was a rapid increase in the number of warheads to a maximum of about 32,000. From
1966 to 1970, there was a decrease in the number of warheads to about 26,000. Finally, from 1970
to 1974, there was a small increase to about 28,000 warheads. Sketch a graph of the function.

11. The following describes the unemployment rate in the United States from 2003 to 2013. In
2003, the unemployment rate was at 6%. The unemployment rate began to fall over the years and
reached a minimum of about 4% in 2007. A recession that began in 2007 caused the unemployment
rate to increase over a two-year period and reach a maximum of about 10% in 2009. The
unemployment rate then decreased over the next four years to about 7.0% in 2013. Sketch a graph of
the function.
exercises about functions VI
12. The graph shows a function that models the value V (in millions of dollars) of a stock
portfolio as a function of time t (in months) over an 18-month period.

a) On what interval is the function decreasing?


b) On what intervals is the function increasing?
c) Identify any maximum values and minimum
values.
d) What are the function’s domain and range?
exercises about functions VII/characteristics of functions
a) b)
exercises about functions VIII/characteristics of functions
c) d)
exercises about functions IX/characteristics of functions
e) f)

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