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Phase One
Welcome to the maddest course I have ever written in my life (this is coming from the same
guy that wrote a course on how you can grow taller after puberty) because this certainly is
something big.

For many many months I have been doubting myself about what I ever should do with all this
information I have about the coloring of humans, at first I was like “this is mildly racist” which
it still is, but at the end of the day I don’t care and rather just spread this racist theory since it
is the truth.

This course will delve into historical, cultural and biological factors to why we have black and
white, blue eyes and brown eyes, and blonde and brunette.

But first, to prevent information overload, we’ll start with Phase One, and introduction to (a
likely) completely new topic for you.
Pheomelanin and Eumelanin 2
Pheomelanin purpose 4
Role of genetics 5
Abstract 5
Textbook explanation of MC1R: 6
The young child paradigm 7
Detoxification 8
The lymphatic system 8
Anatomy of the lymphatic system 9
Body warmth 10
Heavy Metals 11
Kayser-Fleischer rings 11
Iron overload 12
Expectations for the future of this course: 18

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Pheomelanin and Eumelanin
Skin color is not solely determined by the amount of Melanin that is present within the skin,
but also by the ratios of the different types of Melanin, yes there are different types of
Melanin:

- Eumelanin (darkbrown type of Melanin)

- Pheomelanin (yellow/orange/red type of Melanin)

So, for example; Sub-Saharan Africans don’t just have more Melanin than the average
Irishman but also a completely different ratio of Eumelanin to Pheomelanin.
With the African having a more Eumelanin (dark pigment) dominant ration, whereas the
Irishman will be higher in Pheomelanin (yellow/orange pigment) and lower in Eumelanin.

To make it very simple for you, these two forms of Melanin are completely different from
each other in looks and it is caused by one simple thing: Sulfur content.

Sulfur is what causes the yellowish tint, the way Sulfur is bound into the Melanin in this way
is by the binding of a Cysteine or a Glutathione molecule inside the Melanin.

From there it gets really simple but also really complicated.

It gets simple because a high amount of Glutathione or Cysteine can and probably will
increase Pheomelanin because Sulfur has to be detoxed from the body and since Melanin is

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one of the main ways heavy metals get eliminated from the body Pheomelanin may be one
of the ways Sulfur gets eliminated from the body.

Cysteine has been known as an inflammatory amino acid for a long time, it all clicked when I
read some articles from Ray Peat talking about how a lower Cysteine intake makes you
healthier, may Pheomelanin just indicate to others that your body knows how to detox it
properly?

At the same time the only way Pheomelanin (light pigment) can be created is by the
presence of either Cysteine or Glutathione and I think Glutathione is the key for it all.

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Pheomelanin purpose

Eumelanin is said to be more protective against UV light coming from the sun and is said to
protect the skin more. So what’s the purpose of Pheomelanin if it doesn’t protect you against
the sun as well as Eumelanin does, like isn’t the entire purpose of Melanin to protect your
skin against the sun?

That’s a fallacy, Melanin has many more functions than just protecting your skin against
sunlight, it’s one of the most misunderstood compounds and has an extremely wide range of
usages, to understand the differences between Eu- and Pheomelanin.

One of the biggest functions of Melanin in general is the detoxification and chelation of
heavy metals but how does Melanin even chelate/detoxify heavy metals?

Melanin has been found to bind to a variation of heavy metals including:

● Arsenic
● Lead
● Mercury
● Cadmium

And many other heavy metals.

Melanin binds to these toxins very well, but since there are different forms of Melanin each
one of them binds differently to toxins, for reference, Pheomelanin contains a Sulfur group
which makes its affinity to heavy metals lower. People with more heavy metals that need to
be detoxified are in need of more Eumelanin (see where I am going?).

On the other side people with more Pheomelanin and a light skin, hair and eyecolor tend to
have a surplus of antioxidants (including Glutathione which contains Sulfur) this way they
actually need to detoxify more Sulfur than Heavy metals which signals perfect
health/homeostasis and is why blonde, blue eyed people tend to be perceived as more
attractive.

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Role of genetics
How big is the role that genetics play in the pigment of your body?

The role that genetics play on the coloring of your body is heavily exaggerated. Yes, your
DNA is one of the deciding factors behind the colors of your body, but DNA is not as genetic
as you may believe.

One of the limiting factors of Pheomelanin production is the MC1R gene also known as the
Melanocortin 1 receptor, it is the receptor to which MSH binds (Melanocyte stimulating
hormone). When MSH binds to the MC1R receptor/gene the process of the synthesis of
Pheomelanin or Eumelanin starts.

Research has shown that the ‘strength’ of the MC1R gene and circulating levels of Cysteine
are the determining factors in the synthesis of Pheomelanin.

Here is a small snippet from a Pubmed study I found on how the body decides between
Pheomelanin and Eumelanin production.

Abstract
The significance of our understanding of the chemistry of melanin and melanogenesis is
reviewed. Melanogenesis begins with the production of dopaquinone, a highly reactive
o-quinone. Pulse radiolysis is a powerful tool to study the fates of such highly reactive
melanin precursors. Based on pulse radiolysis data reported by Land et al. (J Photochem
Photobiol B: Biol 2001;64:123) and our biochemical studies, a pathway for mixed
melanogenesis is proposed. Melanogenesis proceeds in three distinctive steps. The initial
step is the production of cysteinyldopas by the rapid addition of cysteine to dopaquinone,
which continues as long as cysteine is present (1 microM). The second step is the oxidation
of cysteinyldopas to give pheomelanin, which continues as long as cysteinyldopas are
present (10 microM). The last step is the production of eumelanin, which begins only after

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most cysteinyldopas are depleted. It thus appears that eumelanin is deposited on the
preformed pheomelanin and that the ratio of eu- to pheomelanin is determined by the
tyrosinase activity and cysteine concentration. In eumelanogenesis, dopachrome is a rather
stable molecule and spontaneously decomposes to give mostly 5,6-dihydroxyindole.
Dopachrome tautomerase (Dct) catalyses the tautomerization of dopachrome to give mostly
5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA). Our study confirmed that the role of Dct is to
increase the ratio of DHICA in eumelanin and to increase the production of eumelanin. In
addition, the cytotoxicity of o-quinone melanin precursors was found to correlate with binding
to proteins through the cysteine residues. Finally, it is still unknown how the availability of
cysteine is controlled within the melanosome.

This study summarizes the clue very well, whether Pheomelanin or Eumelanin is produced
relies on circulating levels of Cysteine and the activity of Tyrosinase (a new topic I haven’t
mentioned yet.

Circulating levels of Cysteine purely rely on lifestyle, diet or other environmental factors while
Tyrosinase is influenced by MC1R.

Textbook explanation of MC1R:

The MC1R gene provides instructions for making a protein called the melanocortin 1
receptor. This receptor plays an important role in normal pigmentation. The receptor is
primarily located on the surface of melanocytes, which are specialized cells that produce
a pigment called melanin. Melanin is the substance that gives skin, hair, and eyes their
color. Melanin is also found in the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye (the
retina), where it plays a role in normal vision.

Melanocytes make two forms of melanin, eumelanin and pheomelanin. The relative
amounts of these two pigments help determine the color of a person's hair and skin.
People who produce mostly eumelanin tend to have brown or black hair and dark skin
that tans easily. Eumelanin also protects skin from damage caused by ultraviolet (UV)
radiation in sunlight. People who produce mostly pheomelanin tend to have red or blond
hair, freckles, and light-colored skin that tans poorly. Because pheomelanin does not

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protect skin from UV radiation, people with more pheomelanin have an increased risk of
skin damage caused by sun exposure.

The melanocortin 1 receptor (This stands for the MC1R) controls which type of melanin
is produced by melanocytes. When the receptor is activated, it triggers a series of
chemical reactions inside melanocytes that stimulate these cells to make eumelanin. If
the receptor is not activated or is blocked, melanocytes make pheomelanin instead of
eumelanin.

Common variations (polymorphisms) in the MC1R gene are associated with normal
differences in skin and hair color. Certain genetic variations are most common in people
with red hair, fair skin, freckles, and an increased sensitivity to sun exposure. These
MC1R polymorphisms reduce the ability of the melanocortin 1 receptor to stimulate
eumelanin production, causing melanocytes to make mostly pheomelanin. Although
MC1R is a key gene in normal human pigmentation, researchers believe that the effects
of other genes also contribute to a person's hair and skin coloring.

The melanocortin 1 receptor is also active in cells other than melanocytes, including
cells involved in the body's immune and inflammatory responses. The receptor's function
in these cells is unknown.

The young child paradigm

Between the ages of birth until it’s puberty most children tend to have a much lighter hair
color.

You see it so often, people can have brown hair and look like completely natural brunettes,
but in their younger years from 1 to 12 years old they had blonde hair and maybe even set of
blue eyes. This is much more common than people think it is and you will see the pattern
repeatedly, just ask anyone for pictures when they were younger, you will see they were
much blonder than they are now 99% of the time.

But why does this occur?

Like I said earlier, a lighter hair color means that Pheomelanin is present in a higher ratio to
Eumelanin as opposed to a darker hair color where the ratio is more into the favour of
Eumelanin.

Young children have more Pheomelanin and less Eumelanin, but why is that?

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Simply because when people are young their levels of Glutathione (the rate limiting factor in
synthesis of Pheomelanin) tend to be much much higher. It’s a compound that tends to
decrease in the human body as the years pass by.

The older we get, the less Glutathione we have in our body, the darker our hair will become.

Detoxification
Liver is the primary organ of detoxification with the skin being the secondary one.

When there are toxins in your body the best would be for it to be eliminated by the liver and
not the skin since the liver is much more efficient at it, when toxins are detoxed through the
toxins they will clog the pores and you will get things like acne which are essentially just
toxins build up in the skin.

The liver is literally designed to lose toxins and is a big part of the lymphatic system.

The lymphatic system

The lymphatic system also known as the lymphoid system is an organ system that u should
be absolutely familiar with if you care about the detoxification of toxins that are currently in
your body.

The lymphatic system is made out of vessels, nodes, appendix, bone marrow,
tonsils/adenoids, thymus, spleen and the lymph itself. Lymph is the fluid that is transported
by the lymphatic system.

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The lymph has many functions such as transporting white blood cells, balancing fluids
throughout the body, absorption of fatty acids and nutrients, transportation of proteins and
finally the elimination of waste and toxins which we’ll get to later.

Anatomy of the lymphatic system

Before you are taught how you can help the lymphatic system to drain these toxins you need
to know all the ins and outs; I am going to show you what it actually looks like and what the
exact anatomy of this system is.

Personally I don’t like this picture too much but it still illustrates very well where the nodes
and veins are which is important to know.

How waste is transported through the lymph

How does the lymph transport all the toxins though?

It all starts with the accumulation of these toxins in the interstitial fluid which is fluid that
exists between the cells in various tissues with a lot coming from the liver. This fluid basically
becomes the lymph.

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After this fluid and waste is collected it gets transported through the lymphatic veins where it
is transported towards the thoracic area of the body (chest area) while it gets filtered in the
nodes in the meanwhile.

Cisterna chyli

This is the central lymph node of the body. When this node is clogged the lymph is pretty
much unable to move through the body since this node connects the upper and lower body,
more importantly this is the node that is directly connected to the liver which is the primary
detoxification organ.

What can cause the lymph to become stagnant

One of the biggest enemies to lymph flow is a lack of hydration and/or movement.
How to increase lymphatic flow

Body warmth
40 degrees Celsius or 104 degrees Fahrenheit is the temperature at which the lymphatic
system flows best: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3430062/

“Thermotherapy has been indicated by some researchers as a treatment for lymphedema. A

study comparing temperatures demonstrated that a temperature of 40°C significantly
increased the transportation of lymph compared to other temperatures assessed. The aim of
this study was to evaluate the possible benefits of mechanical lymph drainage accompanied
with heat in the treatment of lymphedema of the lower limbs.”

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Heavy Metals

Kayser-Fleischer rings

Kayser-Fleischer rings are a phenomenon that can be seen in the eyes of individuals with
certain ailments, of which Wilson's disease is the most common one. They are caused by
the deposition of copper in the Descemet's membrane of the cornea.

These rings appear as a golden to greenish-brown discoloration in the periphery of the

cornea, typically visible around the outer rim. They can be best observed through a slit lamp
examination by an ophthalmologist. However, in some cases, they may be visible to the
naked eye in good lighting conditions.

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The discoloring in the cornea of the eyes is purely caused by copper that is being deposited
there, the brown/green tint you can see is literally copper. This is the beauty of Iridology
since these ‘Kayser-Fleischer rings’ are often one of the key indicators of Wilson's disease, a
rare genetic disorder that causes excessive accumulation of copper in the liver, brain, and
other vital organs.

But you can also have these Kayser-Fleischer rings even when you don’t have Wilson’s
disease. These rings are an indicative of copper overload and prove to everyone that your
mineral balance or heavy metal exposure can change your eyecolor.

However, it's important to note that while these rings are strongly associated with Wilson's
disease, they may also occur in other conditions associated with copper overload.

One lesser known enemy or more hidden enemy is ‘iron overload’, which is way more
common than copper overload.

Iron overload

This is one super common condition amongst tons of groups in the health community,
vegans and vegetarians likely don’t suffer from it (unless they take iron supplements) but
90% of primal dieters, animal based people or other people that consume tons of meat do
suffer from this.

We all know heavy metals are terrible for our health and that we should minimize them en
detoxify them, but many don’t know what the difference between a heavy metal and a
mineral is.

There are no strict rules that decide if something is a heavy metal or not but we generally
consider an element an heavy metal when it has a density higher than 5g/cm³. Mercury,
aluminum, lead, arsenic etc. all fall under this. Butsome minerals also fall under this criteria
and that is why these minerals should never be supplemented or become too prevalent in
the body.

Minerals that are also heavy metals and can be toxic in excess include:

- Iron
- Copper
- Zinc
- Cobalt
- Manganese
- Chromium
- Nickel
- Selenium
- Molybdenum

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Iron overload is a huge danger because in excess it can function as a toxic heavy metal and
aggravate aging, cancer, mineral balance and even heart disease.

Ray Peat was one of the first people to talk about it’s dangers, this is what he said in an
interview:

Q: You believe iron is a deadly substance. Why?

A: Iron is a potentially toxic heavy metal. In excess, it can cause cancer, heart disease, and
other illnesses.

Q: Could you tell us about some of these studies?

A: In the 1960s the World Health Organization found that when iron supplements were given
to anemic people in Africa, there was a great increase in the death rate from infectious
diseases, especially malaria. Around the same time, research began to show that the
regulation of iron is a central function of the immune system, and that this seems to have
evolved because iron is a basic requirement for the survival and growth of cells of all types,
including bacteria, parasites, and cancer. The pioneer researcher in the role of iron in
immunity believed that an excess of dietary iron contributed to the development of leukemia
and lymphatic cancers. Just like lead, mercury, cadmium, nickel and other heavy metals,
stored iron produces destructive free radicals. The harmful effects of iron-produced free
radicals are practically indistinguishable from those caused by exposure to X-rays and
gamma rays; both accelerate the accumulation of age-pigment and other signs of aging.
Excess iron is a crucial element in the transformation of stress into tissue damage by free
radicals. For about 50 years, it has been known that blood transfusions damage immunity,
and excess iron has been suspected to be one of the causes for this. People who regularly
donate blood, on the other hand, have often been found to be healthier than non-donors,
and healthier than they were before they began donating. In one of Hans Selye's pioneering
studies, he found that he could experimentally produce a form of scleroderma (hardening of
the skin) in animals by administering large doses of iron, followed by a minor stress. He
could prevent the development of the condition by giving the animals large doses of vitamin
E, suggesting that the condition was produced by iron's oxidative actions. Excess iron's role
in infectious diseases is now well established, and many recent studies show that it is
involved in degenerative brain diseases, such as Parkinson's, ALS (Lou Gehrig's disease),
Huntington's chorea, and Alzheimer's disease. Iron is now believed to have a role in skin
aging, atherosclerosis, and cataracts of the lenses of the eyes, largely through its formation
of the "age pigment." (Hmm, age pigment… already notice it?)

Q: How does excess iron accelerate our aging process?

A: During aging, our tissues tend to store an excess of iron. There is a remarkably close
association between the amount of iron stored in our tissues and the risk of death from
cancer, heart disease, or from all causes. This relationship between iron and death rate
exists even during childhood, but the curve is downward until the age of 12, and then it rises
steadily until death. The shape of this curve, representing the iron burden, is amazingly

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similar to the curves representing the rate of death in general, and the rate of death from
cancer. There is no other relationship in biology that I know of that has this peculiar shape,
with its minimum at the age of 12, and its maximum in old age at the time of death. One of
the major lines of aging research, going back to the early part of this century, was based on
the accumulation of a brown material in the tissues known as "age-pigment." The technical
name for this material, "lipofuscin," means "fatty brown stuff." In the 1960s, the "free radical
theory" of aging was introduced by Denham Harman, and this theory has converged with the
age-pigment theory, since we now know that the age-pigment is an oxidized mass of
unsaturated fat and iron, formed by uncontrolled free radicals. Until a few years ago, these
ideas were accepted by only a few researchers, but now practically every doctor in the
country accepts that free radicals are important in the aging process. A nutrition researcher
in San Diego suspected that the life-extending effects of calorie restriction might be the
result of a decreased intake of toxins. He removed the toxic heavy metals from foods, and
found that the animals which ate a normal amount of food lived as long as the semi-starved
animals. Recently, the iron content of food has been identified as the major life-shortening
factor, rather than the calories. [Choi and Yu, Age vol. 17, page 93, 1994.]

Q: Exactly how much iron do we need to eat?

A: Children's nutritional requirements are high, because they are growing, but there are
indications that in the U.S. even children eat too much iron. Some researchers are
concerned that the iron added to cereals is contributing to the incidence of leukemia and
cancers of the lymphatic tissues in children. [Goodfield, 1984.] During the time of rapid
growth, children are less likely than adults to store too much iron. At birth, they have a large
amount of stored iron, and this decreases as they "grow into it." It is after puberty, when
growth slows and the sex hormones are high, that the storage of iron increases. [Blood,
Sept., 1976.] In a study of the "malnourished" children of migrant fruit pickers in California,
these children who were "seriously anemic" were actually more resistant to infectious
diseases than were the "well nourished" middle class children in the same region. If the
normal amount of dietary iron causes an increased susceptibility to infections even in
children, and if a subnormal amount of iron slows the aging process, I think we are going to
have to reconsider our ideas of nutritional adequacy, to look at the long range effects of diet,
as well as the immediate effects. My current studies have to do with analyzing our ability to
handle stress safely, in relation to our diet. I believe our nutritional recommendations for iron
have to be revised sharply downward.

Q. Don't women need extra iron? That's a misunderstanding. Doctors generally don't realize
that only a few milligrams of iron are lost each day in menstruation. The real issue is that you
can hardly avoid getting iron, even when you try. Women absorb iron much more efficiently
than men do. From a similar meal, women will normally absorb three times as much iron as
men do. When pregnant, their higher estrogen levels cause them to absorb about nine times
as much as men. Every time a woman menstruates, she loses a little iron, so that by the age
of 50 she is likely to have less iron stored in her tissues than a man does at the same age,
but by the age of 65 women generally have as much excess iron in their tissues as men do.
(During those 15 years, women seem to store iron at a faster rate than men do, probably
because they have more estrogen.) At this age their risk of dying from a heart attack is the
same as that of men. Some women who menstruate can donate blood regularly without
showing any tendency to become anemic. Since the custom of giving large iron supplements

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to pregnant women has been established, there has been an increase in jaundice of the
newborn. It has been observed that women who didn't take iron supplements during
pregnancy have healthy babies that don't develop jaundice. I have suggested that this could
be because they haven't been poisoned by iron. Those supplements could also be a factor in
the increased incidence of childhood cancer.

Q: Don't you need iron supplements if you are anemic?

A: In general, no. Many doctors think of anemia as necessarily indicating an iron deficiency,
but that isn't correct. 100 years ago, it was customary to prescribe arsenic for anemia, and it
worked to stimulate the formation of more red blood cells. The fact that arsenic, or iron, or
other toxic material stimulates the formation of red blood cells doesn't indicate a "deficiency"
of the toxin, but simply indicates that the body responds to a variety of harmful factors by
speeding its production of blood cells. Even radiation can have this kind of stimulating effect,
because growth is a natural reaction to injury. Between 1920 and 1950, it was common to
think of "nutritional growth factors" as being the same as vitamins, but since then it has
become common to use known toxins to stimulate the growth of farm animals, and as a
result, it has been more difficult to define the essential nutrients. The optimal nutritional
intake is now more often considered in terms of resistance to disease, longevity or rate of
aging, and even mental ability. An excess of iron, by destroying vitamin E and oxidizing the
unsaturated fats in red blood cells, can contribute to hemolytic anemia, in which red cells are
so fragile that they break down too fast. In aging, red cells break down faster, and are
usually produced more slowly, increasing the tendency to become anemic, but additional
iron tends to be more dangerous for older people. Anemia in women is caused most often by
a thyroid deficiency (as discussed in the chapter on thyroid), or by various nutritional
deficiencies. Estrogen (even in animals that don't menstruate) causes dilution of the blood,
so that it is normal for females to have lower hemoglobin than males. Q. What should I do if
my doctor tells me I'm anemic? Is there any situation in which a person needs to take iron
supplements? Iron deficiency anemia does exist, in laboratory situations and in some cases
of chronic bleeding, but I believe it should be the last-suspected cause of anemia, instead of
the first. It should be considered as a possible cause of anemia only when very specific
blood tests show an abnormally low degree of iron saturation of certain proteins. Usually,
physicians consider the amount of hemoglobin or of red cells in the blood as the primary
indicator of a need for iron, but that just isn't biologically reasonable. If a large amount of
blood is lost in surgery, a temporary anemia might be produced, but even then it would be
best to know whether the iron stores are really depleted before deciding whether an iron
supplement would be reasonable. Liver (or even a water extract of wheat germ) can supply
as much iron as would be given as a pill, and is safer.

Q. What foods contain iron?

A: Flour, pasta, etc., almost always contain iron which has been artificially added as ferrous
sulfate, because of a federal law. Meats, grains, eggs, and vegetables naturally contain large
amounts of iron. A few years ago, someone demonstrated that they could pick up a certain
breakfast cereal with a magnet, because of the added iron. Black olives contain iron, which
is used as a coloring material. You should look for "ferrous" or "ferric" or "iron" on the label,
and avoid foods with any added iron. Many labels list "reduced iron," meaning that iron is
added in the ferrous form, which is very reactive and easily absorbed.

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Q: Why does federal law require the addition of iron to those foods?

A: Industrially processed grains have most of the nutrients, such as vitamin E, the B
vitamins, manganese, magnesium, etc., removed to improve the products' shelf life and
efficiency of processing, and the government required that certain nutrients be added to
them as a measure to protect the public's health, but the supplementation did not reflect the
best science even when it was first made law, since food industry lobbyists managed to
impose compromises that led to the use of the cheapest chemicals, rather than those that
offered the greatest health benefits. For example, studies of processed animal food had
demonstrated that the addition of iron (as the highly reactive form, ferrous sulfate, which
happens to be cheap and easy to handle) created disease in animals, by destroying vitamins
in the food. You should read the label of ingredients and avoid products that contain added
iron, when possible.

Q: Can cooking in an iron frying pan put iron into food?

A: Yes, especially if the food is acidic, as many sauces are. The added iron will destroy
vitamins in the food, besides being potentially toxic in itself.

Q: What about aluminum?

A: Aluminum and iron react similarly in cells and are suspected causes of Alzheimer's
disease. The aluminum industry started propagandizing more than 50 years ago about the
"safety" of aluminum utensils, claiming that practically none of the toxic metal gets into the
food. Recent research showed that coffee percolated in an aluminum pot contained a large
amount of dissolved aluminum, because of coffee's acidity.

Q: What kind of cooking pots or utensils are safe?

A: Glass utensils are safe, and certain kinds of stainless steel are safe, because their iron is
relatively insoluble. Teflon-coated pans are safe unless they are chipped.

Q: How do I know which stainless steels are safe?

A: There are two main types of stainless steel, magnetic and nonmagnetic. The nonmagnetic
form has a very high nickel content, and nickel is allergenic and carcinogenic. It is much
more toxic than iron or aluminum. You can use a little "refrigerator magnet" to test your pans.
The magnet will stick firmly to the safer type of pan.

Q: Why is there iron in most multi-vitamin and mineral products?

A: Although several researchers have demonstrated that iron destroys vitamins, there is
enough wishful thinking in industry, government, and the consuming public, that such
mistakes can go on for generations before anyone can mobilize the resources to bring the
truth to the public. 10 years ago, I thought it was a hopeful sign of increased awareness of
iron's danger when the manufacturer of a new iron product mentioned in the Physician's
Desk Reference that it hadn't yet been reported to cause cancer.

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Q: I can't avoid all those foods, especially the bread and grains. What can I do to keep the
iron I ingest from harming me?

A: Iron destroys vitamin E, so vitamin E should be taken as a supplement. It shouldn't be

taken at the same time as the iron-contaminated food, because iron reacts with it in the
stomach. About 100 mg. per day is adequate, though our requirement increases with age, as
our tissue iron stores increase. Coffee, when taken with food, strongly inhibits the absorption
of iron, so I always try to drink coffee with meat. Decreasing your consumption of
unsaturated fats makes the iron less harmful. Vitamin C stimulates the absorption of iron, so
it might be a good idea to avoid drinking orange juice at the same meal with iron-rich foods.
A deficiency of copper causes our tissues to retain an excess of iron, so foods such as
shrimp and oysters which contain abundant copper should be used regularly.

Q: How does copper help us?

A: Copper is the crucial element for producing the color in hair and skin, for maintaining the
elasticity of skin and blood vessels, for protecting against certain types of free radical, and
especially for allowing us to use oxygen properly for the production of biological energy. It is
also necessary for the normal functioning of certain nerve cells (substantia nigra) whose
degeneration is involved in Parkinson's disease. The shape and texture of hair, as well as its
color, can change in a copper deficiency. Too much iron can block our absorption of copper,
and too little copper makes us store too much iron. With aging, our tissues lose copper as
they store excess iron. Because of those changes, we need more vitamin E as we age.

Eventually iron is added in tons of processed foods, especially in non European countries
like Australia and the United states where they even add it to bread, but one thing Ray forgot
to mention is that certain food combinations are also a huge mistake in dieting that can
cause an iron overload.

One huge mistake people make for example is combining foods naturally high in Iron,
especially Heme-iron (red meat and other animal foods) with a source of vitamin C.

Vitamin C increases the amount of Iron you absorb which makes you much more prone to
iron overload, again, animal based people break this rule way too many times

Iron overload on itself can actually also cause copper overload since excess iron is bound to
thiol groups (sulfur containing compounds like Glutathione) and when all the thiol groups are
occupied by Iron there won’t be any place for excess Copper or other heavy metals to be
bound.

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Expectations for the future of this course:
“I paid 99 bucks for 18 pages??!” I get that you may ask this question, but trust me, when
the full version is out you’ll likely suffer from information overload, which I am trying to
prevent.

This would be a TON to read all at once so I want you to start with all this and want to type it
all out in the right format myself,

“What’s phase one?”

Phase one is like the demo, I plan to release many different phases to eventually work up to
the ultimate course, I would absolutely love to hear feedback about it so I can improve user
friendliness.

In the meanwhile you’ll receive email updates so keep an eye on your inbox because Phase
2 might just be around the corner.

Keep calm, AP out.

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