PMT

Mark Scheme (Results)

June 2022

Pearson Edexcel
International Advanced Subsidiary Level in
Physics (WPH14)
Paper 01 Physics Further Mechanics, Fields
and Particles
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June 2022
Question Paper Log Number: P70971A
Publications Code: WPH14_01_2206_MS
All the material in this publication is copyright
© Pearson Education Ltd 2022
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General Marking Guidance

• All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners must mark
the first candidate in exactly the same way as they mark the last.
• Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be
rewarded for what they have shown they can do rather than penalised
for omissions.
• Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not according to
their perception of where the grade boundaries may lie.
• There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark scheme
should be used appropriately.
• All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded.
Examiners should always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if the answer
matches the mark scheme. Examiners should also be prepared to award
zero marks if the candidate’s response is not worthy of credit according
to the mark scheme.
• Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide the
principles by which marks will be awarded and exemplification may be
limited.
• When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the mark
scheme to a candidate’s response, the team leader must be consulted.
• Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has replaced
it with an alternative response.
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Mark scheme notes

Underlying principle
The mark scheme will clearly indicate the concept that is being rewarded, backed up
by examples. It is not a set of model answers.

1. Mark scheme format

1.1 You will not see ‘wtte’ (words to that effect). Alternative correct wording
should be credited in every answer unless the MS has specified
specific words that must be present. Such words will be indicated
by underlining e.g. ‘resonance’
1.2 Bold lower case will be used for emphasis e.g. ‘and’ when two pieces of
information are needed for 1 mark.
1.3 Round brackets ( ) indicate words that are not essential e.g. “(hence)
distance is increased”.
1.4 Square brackets [ ] indicate advice to examiners or examples e.g. [Do
not accept gravity] [ecf].

2. Unit error penalties

2.1 A separate mark is not usually given for a unit but a missing or incorrect
unit will normally mean that the final calculation mark will not be
awarded.
2.2 This does not apply in ‘show that’ questions or in any other question
where the units to be used have been given, for example in a
spreadsheet.
2.3 The mark will not be awarded for the same missing or incorrect unit only
once within one clip in epen.
2.4 Occasionally, it may be decided not to insist on a unit e.g the candidate
may be calculating the gradient of a graph, resulting in a unit
that is not one that should be known and is complex.
2.5 The mark scheme will indicate if no unit error is to be applied by means of [no
ue].

3. Significant figures
3.1 Use of too many significant figures in the theory questions will not be
prevent a mark being awarded if the answer given rounds to the
answer in the MS.
3.2 Too few significant figures will mean that the final mark cannot be
awarded in ‘show that’ questions where one more significant
figure than the value in the question is needed for the candidate
to demonstrate the validity of the given answer.
3.3 The use of one significant figure might be inappropriate in the context of
the question e.g. reading a value off a graph. If this is the case,
there will be a clear indication in the MS.
3.4 The use of g = 10 m s-2 or 10 N kg-1 instead of 9.81 m s-2 or 9.81 N kg-1
will mean that one mark will not be awarded. (but not more than
once per clip). Accept 9.8 m s-2 or 9.8 N kg-1
3.5 In questions assessing practical skills, a specific number of significant
figures will be required e.g. determining a constant from the
gradient of a graph or in uncertainty calculations. The MS will
clearly identify the number of significant figures required.

4. Calculations
4.1 Bald (i.e. no working shown) correct answers score full marks unless in a
‘show that’ question.
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4.2 If a ‘show that’ question is worth 2 marks. then both marks will be
available for a reverse working; if it is worth 3 marks then only 2
will be available.
4.3 use of the formula means that the candidate demonstrates substitution
of physically correct values, although there may be conversion
errors e.g. power of 10 error.
4.4 recall of the correct formula will be awarded when the formula is seen
or implied by substitution.
4.5 The mark scheme will show a correctly worked answer for illustration
only.

5. Graphs
5.1 A mark given for axes requires both axes to be labelled with quantities and
units, and drawn the correct way round.
5.2 Sometimes a separate mark will be given for units or for each axis if the
units are complex. This will be indicated on the mark scheme.
5.3 A mark given for choosing a scale requires that the chosen scale allows all
points to be plotted, spreads plotted points over more than half of each
axis and is not an awkward scale e.g. multiples of 3, 7 etc.
5.4 Points should be plotted to within 1 mm.
• Check the two points furthest from the best line. If both OK award
mark.
• If either is 2 mm out do not award mark.
• If both are 1 mm out do not award mark.
• If either is 1 mm out then check another two and award mark if both
of these OK, otherwise no mark.
For a line mark there must be a thin continuous line which is the best-
fit line for the candidate’s results.
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Question Answer Mark

Number
The only correct answer is C
A is not correct because a pion consists of quarks
1 1
B is not correct because a proton consists of quarks
D is not correct because a neutron consists of quarks
The only correct answer is D
A is not correct because this does not conserve charge
2 1
B is not correct because this does not conserve baryon number
C is not correct because this does not conserve lepton number
The only correct answer is D
A is not correct because W ∝ 𝑉𝑉 2
3 1
B is not correct because W ∝ 𝑉𝑉 2
C is not correct because W ∝ 𝑉𝑉 2
The only correct answer is A
B is not correct because 𝑄𝑄 = �𝐹𝐹 × 𝑟𝑟 2 × 4𝜋𝜋𝜀𝜀0
4 2 1
C is not correct because 𝑄𝑄 = �𝐹𝐹 × 𝑟𝑟 �𝑘𝑘
D is not correct because 𝑄𝑄 = �𝐹𝐹 × 𝑟𝑟 2 × 4𝜋𝜋𝜀𝜀0
The only correct answer is A
B is not correct because FLHR gives force into the page
5 1
C is not correct because in this case the component of field is 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵∅
D is not correct because in this case the component of field is 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵∅
The only correct answer is A
B is not correct because this isn’t relevant
6 1
C is not correct because this isn’t relevant
D is not correct because this isn’t relevant
The only correct answer is D
A is not correct because lifetime and mass increase at speed close to c
7 1
B is not correct because lifetime and mass increase at speed close to c
C is not correct because lifetime and mass increase at speed close to c
The only correct answer is D
A is not correct because the frequency should be constant
8 1
B is not correct because the magnetic field should be constant
C is not correct because the p.d. should be constant
The only correct answer is A
B is not correct because this is equivalent to coulombs
9 1
C is not correct because this is equivalent to (farad) −1
D is not correct because this is equivalent to (watt) −1
The only correct answer is B
A is not correct because the flux ∅ in coil 2 will be proportional to the
current and the induced e.m.f. is proportional to −∆∅/∆𝑡𝑡
10 C is not correct because the flux ∅ in coil 2 will be proportional to the 1
current and the induced e.m.f. is proportional to −∆∅/∆𝑡𝑡
D is not correct because the flux ∅ in coil 2 will be proportional to the
current and the induced e.m.f. is proportional to −∆∅/∆𝑡𝑡
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Question Answer Mark

Number
11 Use of W = mg (1) 3

Use of F Δt = Δp (1)

v = 15 m s−1 (1)

Example of calculation
W = 175 kg × 9.81 N kg −1 = 1717 N
1717 N × 1 s = 114 kg × 𝑣𝑣
v =15.1 m s−1

Total for question 11 3

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Question Answer Mark

Number
12a kinetic energy is not conserved (1) 1
Or
kinetic energy before collision not equal to kinetic energy after collision
Or
kinetic energy before collision greater than kinetic energy after collision

12b (p = mv and mass of the balls is the same) so velocity (to scale) is 2
proportional to momentum
Or
(conservation of momentum) (vector) sum of momentum after collision =
momentum before collision (1)

Velocities (drawn to scale) will form a triangle

Or
(a scaled vector diagram can show) (vector) sum of velocity after collision =
velocity before collision (1)
12c Straight line with arrow labelled for any of white ball before collision, white 5
ball after collision, black ball (accept velocity values) (1)

Evidence of correct use of a recognisable scale (1)

Vectors drawn correctly end to end (e.g. white before collision is longest
line) (1)

Correct arrows on vectors (such that white before = resultant of white and
black after)
(Dependent on MP3) (1)

Angle of black ball with initial white ball line measured as 50° with
consistent conclusion
Angle of black ball with final white ball line measured as 95° with
consistent conclusion
If drawn as angle-side-angle, velocity of white ball after collision = 0.92 m
s−1, with consistent conclusion
If drawn as angle-side-angle, velocity of black ball after collision = 0.69 m
s−1, if supported by calculation, with consistent conclusion (1)

Allow MP5 for correct value 50° (49.8°) determined by calculation and
consistent conclusion
Angle tolerance ± 4°, length tolerance ± 0.05 m

Example of Diagram
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Total for question 12 8

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Question Answer Mark

Number
*13a 6
This question assesses a student’s ability to show a coherent and logically
structured answer with linkages and fully-sustained reasoning.
Marks are awarded for indicative content and for how the answer is structured
and shows lines of reasoning.

The following table shows how the marks should be awarded.

Number of Number of Max structure Max final

indicative marks awarded mark available mark
marking for indicative
points seen marking points
in answer
6 4 2 6

5 3 2 5

4 3 1 4

3 2 1 3

2 2 0 2

1 1 0 1

0 0 0 0

The following table shows how the marks should be awarded for structure and
lines of reasoning.
Number of marks awarded for
structure of answer and
sustained line of reasoning

Answer shows a coherent and logical

structure with linkages and fully 2
sustained lines of reasoning
demonstrated throughout
Answer is partially structured with 1
some linkages and lines of reasoning

Answer has no linkages between 0

points and is unstructured

Guidance on how the mark scheme should be applied: The mark for indicative
content should be added to the mark for lines of reasoning. For example, an
answer with five indicative marking points which is partially structured with
some linkages and lines of reasoning scores 4 marks (3 marks for indicative
content and 1 mark for partial structure and some linkages and lines of
reasoning). If there are is no structure and no linkages between points, the same
five indicative marking points would yield an overall score of 3 marks (3 marks
for indicative content and no marks for structure, linkages and lines of
reasoning).
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Indicative content:

IC1 Electrons accelerate in the gaps

IC2 Frequency of a.c. supply is constant

IC3 Time taken for an electron to travel between (consecutive)

tubes is constant (and they are accelerating)

IC4 Reference to s = vt, e.g. electrons travel further in a fixed time

with a higher speed

IC5 (In the last section of the linac) the electron approaches the
speed of light

IC6 Speed becomes (almost) constant so distance travelled in a

fixed amount of time becomes (almost) constant

13b Max 2 from: 3max

Reference to E=mc2 (1)

There will be more kinetic energy available (for same accelerating p.d.)
with colliding beams (1)

(Total) momentum of two beams is zero before collision

Or single beam and stationary target has (net) momentum before (1)
collision

AND
All of the kinetic energy of the two beams available (to be converted to
mass) so colliding beams more likely to produce particle with larger
mass
Or
So with single beam particle(s) must have momentum after collision so
less energy available (to be converted to mass) so lower mass particles (1)
produced
Or So with single beam particle(s) must have kinetic energy after
collision so less energy available (to be converted to mass) so lower
mass particles produced

Total for question 13 9

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Question Answer Mark

Number
14a Determines correct radius from measurements from the paper (accept 4
measurement of line between ends of arc as diameter) (1)

Applies scale to measured distance - (1)

Use of r = p/BQ (1)

p = 1.9 ×10−19 N s (range 1.6 ×10−19 N s to 1.9 ×10−19 N s) (1)

Example of calculation

radius 17 mm so actually 170 mm

(range 14 mm to 17 mm)
𝑝𝑝 = 0.17 m × 7.0 T × 1.6 × 10-19 C

p = 1.90 ×10−19 N s
(140 mm  p = 1.57 ×10−19 N s)
14b Kaon does not leave a track (1) 2

pions have opposite charge and charge is conserved (1)

14c Antiproton: u� u� d� Or antiup antiup antidown (1) 2

negative pion: u� d Or antiup down (1)

(Quarks can be listed in any order for each particle)

14d Use of ΔE = c2Δm (1) 3

Conversion from J to eV (1)

mass = 0.94 (GeV/c2) (1)

Example of calculation

ΔE = (3×108 m s−1)2 × 1.67 ×10−27 kg = 1.503×10−10 J

ΔE = 1.503×10−10 J / 1.60 ×10−19 J/eV = 9.39×108 eV

mass = 0.94 GeV/c2

Total for question 14 11
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Question Answer Mark

Number
15ai exponential growth curve starting at origin and levelling at 5 V 2
(accept V0) (1)

levelling off after at approx. 4 to 5 time constants

Or curve through approx 2/3 of maximum at T (accept labelled as 3.2 V or (1)
63%)

Example of graph
VC
5V

t
T
15aii Either (1) 2
p.d. would decrease exponentially from 5 V
Or p.d. would decrease exponentially to 0 V

Because the sum of the p.ds across the capacitor and resistor must always add (1)
up to the supply p.d.

Or
as capacitor charges then p.d. across resistor must decrease from 5 V. (1)

so current in resistor decreases so rate of change of p.d. decreases (1)

15aiii 5 = VR + VC (1) 2
𝑡𝑡
Use of 𝑉𝑉R = 𝑉𝑉0 𝑒𝑒 − �𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 and V0 = 5 to give required equation (1)

𝑡𝑡
15b Use of VC = 5 - 5𝑒𝑒 − �𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 (1) 3

Takes ln of both sides of equation (1)

C = 48 µF so select 47 µF (1)

Example of calculation

3.3 = 5 − 5𝑒𝑒 −3.5/68000×𝐶𝐶

1.7 3.5
ln =−
5 68000×𝐶𝐶

1.08 C = 5.15 ×10−5

C = 4.77 ×10−5 F

So 47 µF
Total for question 15 9
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Question Answer Mark

Number
16a Most alpha particles were undeviated 6
Or Most particles pass through with little or no deviation (1)

Most of the atom is empty space (1)

(MP2 with reference to lack of deviation)

Few alpha particles were scattered by small angles (1)

There is a concentration of charge in the atom (1)

(MP4 with reference to scattering)

Very few alpha particles were deviated by more than 90° (1)

Most of the mass is concentrated in a small region of the atom (1)

Or Most of the mass is concentrated in nucleus
(Accept Mass of nucleus much greater than mass of alpha particle)
(MP6 with reference to back scattering)

16bi Applies conversion factors for MeV to J 4

(1)
𝑄𝑄
Use of 𝑉𝑉 = �4π𝜀𝜀 𝑟𝑟
0
(1)
Use of W=VQ (1)

r = 4.8 ×10-14 (m)

(1)
Example of calculation

4.7 MeV = 4.7 × 106 eV × 1.6 × 10−19 J/eV = 7.52 × 10−13 J

7.52 × 10−13 J =
8.99 × 109 Nm2 C 2 ×2×1.6×10-19 C×79×1.6×10-19 C�
𝑟𝑟

r = 4.8 ×10-14 m
16bii 𝑄𝑄 3
Use of 𝐸𝐸 = � (1)
4π𝜀𝜀0 𝑟𝑟 2

With Q = 79 × 1.6 × 10−19

(1)
E = 4.9 × 1019 N C−1 (1)

(use of show that value gives E = 4.5 × 1019 N C−1)

allow ecf from (i)

Example of calculation

9 2 2 −19
𝐸𝐸 = 8.99 × 10 Nm C ×79×1.6×10 C�
(4.8 × 10−14 )2 m2

E = 4.9 × 1019 N C−1

Total for question 16 13
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Question Answer Mark

Number
17ai Arrow down marked weight/W/mg (1) 2

Arrow labelled T drawn at 40o downwards from horizontal by eye (1)

T
W

17aii There is a resultant force due to tension and weight (1) 2

Resultant force is at 90o to the motion of the hammer (1)

(Accept resultant force directed towards the centre of the circular
path)

17aiii Use of velocity = f × 2πr (1) 3

Or ω = f × 2π

Use of a = v2 / r (1)
Or a =r ω2

a = 460 m s−2 (1)

Example of calculation

v = 2.8 s-1 ×2π × 1.5 m = 26.4 m s−1

a = 26.42 (m s−1)2 /1.5 m = 464 m s−2
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mp

17b Either 5

• Use of trigonometry for a component of velocity (1)

• Use of v2 = u2 +2as (with a = g ) (1)

• Use of v = u + at (with a = g ) (1)

• Use of v = s/t in the horizontal plane (1)

• range = 81 m so doesn’t beat record (1)

Or

• Use of trigonometry for a component of velocity (1)

(1)
• Use of s = ut + ½ at2 (with a = g)
(1)
• the ut term has the opposite sign to s and at2 term
(1)
• Use of v = s/t in the horizontal plane
(1)
• range = 81 m so doesn’t beat record

Example of calculation

Initial vertical component velocity = 28.0 sin 40° = 18.00 m s-1

Horizontal component velocity = 28.0 cos 40° = 21.45 m s-1

𝑣𝑣 2 − 𝑢𝑢2 0 − (18 m s −1 )2
𝑠𝑠 = = = 16.5 m
2𝑎𝑎 2 × 9.81 m s −2
𝑣𝑣−𝑢𝑢 (−18−0) m s−1
Time to highest point, 𝑡𝑡 = = = 1.83 s
𝑎𝑎 −9.81 m s−2

Distance to ground = 16.5 m + 1.5 m = 18.0 m

2𝑠𝑠 2×(−18.0 m)
Time from highest point to ground, 𝑡𝑡 = � =� = 1.92 s
𝑎𝑎 −9.81 m s−2

Total time of flight = 1.83 s + 1.92 s = 3.75 s

Range = 21.45 m s-1 × 3.75 s = 80.4 m

This is less than 83 m, so it would not break the record.

Total for question 17 12

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Question Answer Mark

Number
18ai Use of v = s/t (1) 3

Use of p = mv (1)

p = 0.32 (N s) (1)

Example of calculation

v = 0.15 cm / 0.19 s = 0.79 m s−1

p = 0.40 kg × 0.79 m s−1 = 0.32 N s

1
18aii Use of 𝐸𝐸𝑘𝑘 = 𝑚𝑚𝑣𝑣 2 (1) 3
2
𝑝𝑝2
Or 𝐸𝐸𝑘𝑘 =
2𝑚𝑚

Final 𝐸𝐸𝑘𝑘 = 0.9 × Initial 𝐸𝐸𝑘𝑘

Or correct use of 𝐸𝐸𝑘𝑘 ∝ 𝑣𝑣 2 can be awarded MP1 and 2 (1)

At lightgate 2 v = 0.75 m s−1

allow ecf from (i)
‘show that’ value gives v = 0.71 m s−1 (1)

Example of calculation
0.322 (N s)2
Initial Ek = ½ = 0.125 J
0.4 kg

Final Ek = 0.9 × 0.125 J = 0.1125 J = ½ 0.4 kg × v2

v = 0.75 m s−1

18bi Max 2 marks from 2

e.m.f. induced (in plate) (1)

due to change of flux linkage

Or due to cutting of lines of flux
Or due to cutting of magnetic field lines (1)

(Leads to current in plate) as the plate provides a (full) conducting

path (1)

18bii Either 2

Current carrying conductor within a magnetic field experiences a

force (1)

Force opposite to direction of motion due to Lenz’s law (so kinetic

energy is reduced) (1)

Or

Energy dissipated by current (in plate) (according to P = I2R) (1)

Energy is conserved (so kinetic energy decreases) (1)

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18ci Calculates a relevant ratio for a pair of values in the table (1) 2

Shows the ratio is consistent with at least one other pair of values (1)

Example of calculation
k = 10/0.5 = 20
k = 16/0.8 = 20
k = 22/1.1 = 20
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18cii Reference to R = ρl/A 3

Or refers to resistance of plate decreasing with increasing (1)
thickness/CSA
(1)
So current will increase (as induced emf will be the same)
(1)
So rate of energy transferred to surroundings increased
Or larger braking force

(MP3 dependent on MP1 and 2)

Total for question 18 15

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