ARITHMETIC PROGRESSIONS MATH’S BY Sharma Sir

ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION (A.P.) 19. Find the number of terms common to the two A.P.'s :
3,7,11,….. 407 and 2, 9, 16, ..., 709.
1. Show that the sequence < an > defined by an = 4n + 5 20. If a1, a2, a3, ..., an are in A.P., where ai> 0 for all i,
is an A.P. Also, find its common difference. 1 1 1 n−1
show that + + …. + =
a1+ a2 a2+ a3 a n −1 + a n a1+ an
2. Show that the sequence < an > defined by an = 2n² + 1
is not an A.P. 21. If a1, a2, a3, ..., an be an A.P. of non-zero terms, prove
1 1 1 n−1
3. Show that the sequence < an > is an A.P. if its nth that + +…… + = .
a1a2 a2a3 a n −1 a n a1an
term is a linear expression in n and in such a case
the common difference is equal to the coefficient of n. SELECTION OF TERMS IN AN A.P.
a2 a3
4. Show that the sequence log a, log , log , log 1. The sum of three numbers in A.P. is – 3, and their
b b2
a4 product is 8. Find the numbers.
, …….forms an A.P. 2. Find four numbers in A.P. whose sum is 20 and the
b3
th
5. The n term of a sequence is 3n − 2. Is the sum of whose squares is 120.
th
sequence an A.P.? If so, find its 10 term. 3. Divide 32 into four parts which are in A.P. such that
the product of extremes is to the product of means is
nth TERM OF AN A.P. FROM THE END 7 : 15.
Type I ON FINDING THE INDICATED TERM OF AN 4. If the fourth power of the common difference of an
A.P. A.P. with integer entries is added to the product of
1. Show that the sequence 9, 12, 15, 18, ... is an A.P. any four consecutive terms of it. Prove that the
Find its 16th term and the general term. resulting sum is the square of an integer.
2. Show that the sequence log a, log (ab), log (ab²), log
(ab³), ... is an A.P. Find its nth term. SUM TO n TERMS OF AN A.P.
3. Which term of the sequence 72, 70, 68, 66, ... is 40? Type I ON FINDING THE SUM OF GIVEN NUMBER
4. Which term of the sequence 4, 9, 14, 19, ... is 124? OF TERMS OF AN A.P.
5. How many terms are there in the sequence 3, 6, 9, 𝐧 𝐧
Formula : Sn = {2a + (n –1)d} or, Sn = {a + l}.
12, ..., 111? 𝟐 𝟐
1. Find the sum of 20 terms of the A.P. 1, 4, 7, 10, ...
6. Is 184 a term of the sequence 3, 7, 11....?
1 1 3 2. Find the sum of the series : 5 + 13 + 21 + ... + 181.
7. Which term of the sequence 20, 19 ,18 ,17 , 3. Find the sum of all three digit natural numbers, which
4 2 4
………… is the first negative Term? are divisible by 7.
8. Which term of the sequence 8 – 6i, 7 – 4i, 6 – 4. Find the sum of all natural numbers between 250 and
2i,…....is (i) purely real (ii) purely imaginary ? 1000 which are exactly divisible by 3.
5. Find the sum of all odd integers between 2 and 100
Type II PROBLEMS BASED UPON 𝐚𝐧 = a + (n –1) divisible by 3.
d 6. Prove that a sequence is an A.P. iff the sum of its n
9. If pth, qth and rth terms of an A.P. are a, b, c terms is of the form An² + Bn, where A, B are
respectively, then show that: constants.
(i) a(q – r) + b(r – p) + c(p – q) = 0 7. If the sum of n terms of an A.P. is pn + qn², where p
(ii) (a – b) r + (b – c) p + (c – a) q = 0 and q are constants, find the common difference.
th th
10. Show that the sum of (m + n) and (m – n) term of 8. If the sum of n terms of an A.P. is 3n² + 5n and its
th
an A.P. is equal to twice the m term. mth term is 164, find the value of m.
11. Show that there is no A.P. which consists of only 9. Find the sum of first 20 terms of an A.P., in which 3rd
distinct prime numbers. term is 7 and 7th term is two more than thrice of its
12. If m times the mth term of an A.P. is equal to n times 3rd term.
its nth term, show that the (m + n)th term of the A.P. 10. The sum of the first four terms of an A.P. is 56. The
is zero. sum of the last four terms is 112. If its first term is 11,
13. If the pth term of an A.P. is q and the qth term is p, then find the number of terms.
prove that its nth term is (p + q – n). 11. Find the sum of first 24 terms of the A.P. a 1, a2, a3,
14. If the mth term of an A.P. be 1/n and nth term be 1/m, ..., if it is known that a1 + a5 + a10 + a15 + a20 + a24 =
then show that its (mm)th term is 1. 225.
th 1 th 1
15. Determine the number of terms in the A.P. 3, 7, 11,... 12. If the m term of an A.P. is and the n term is ,
n m
407. Also, find its 20th term from the end. 1
16. How many numbers of two digits are divisible by 7? show that the sum of mn terms is (mn + 1), where
2
17. In an A.P. the sum of the terms equidistant from the m ≠ n.
beginning and end is always same and equal to the 13. Find the sum to n terms of the sequence
sum of first and last terms. < an >, where an = 5 – 6n, n ∈ N.
18. In the arithmetic progressions 2, 5, 8, ... upto 50
terms, and 3,5,7,9,... upto 60 terms, find how many Type II FINDING THE NUMBER OF TERMS IN
terms are identical. AN A.P. WHEN THE SUM OF ITS n TERMS IS
GIVEN

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 ARITHMETIC PROGRESSIONS MATH’S BY Sharma Sir
14. How many terms of the series 54, 51, 48, ... be taken differences are 1, 3, 5, ..., (2 m – 1) respectively.
mn
so that their sum is 513 ? Explain the double answer. Show that S1 + S2 + ...+ Sm = (mn + 1)
1 2 2
15. Find the number of terms in the series 20, 19 , 18 ,
3 3
………of which the sum is 300, explain the double PROPERTIES OF ARITHMETICAPROGRESSIONS
answer. Type I TO PROVE THAT THREE NUMBERS ARE
16. Solve 1 + 6 + 11 + 16 +...+ x = 148. IN A.P. WHEN THREE GIVEN NUMBERS ARE IN
17. If the first term of an A.P. is 2 and the sum of first five A.P.
terms is equal to one-fourth of the sum of the next 1. If a, b, c are in A.P., prove that the following are also
five terms, find the sum of first 30 terms. in A.P.
(i) b + c, c + a, a + b
2 2 2
Type III PROVING RESULTS RELATED TO THE (ii) a (b + c), b (c + a), c (a + b)
SUM OF n TERMS OF AN A.P. 1 1 1
(iii) ,
b+ c
,
c+ a a+ b
18. The sum of the first p, q, r terms of an A.P. are a, b, 1 1 1
a b c
c respectively. Show that q − r + q r − p + r p − q (iv) bc
,
ca
,
ab
p
1 1 1 1 1 1
=0 (v) a
b
+
c
,b
c
+
a
,c
a
+
b
19. The sum of n, 2n, 3n terms of an A.P. are S1, S2, S3 (vi) 2 2
[(b + c) – a ], [(c + a)² – b²], [(a + b)² –c ]
2
respectively. Prove that: S3 = 3 (S2 – S1). 2. If a², b², c² are in A.P, then prove that the following
20. The sums of n terms of three arithmetical are also in A.P.
progressions are S1, S2 and S3. The first term of each 1 1 1
is unity and the common differences are 1, 2 and 3
(i) ,
b +c
,
c +a a +b
a b c
respectively. Prove that S1 + S3 = 2S2 (ii) ,
b +c c +a a +b
,
21. The pth term of an A.P. is a and qth term is b. Prove b +c −a c +a −b a +b −c 1 1
p +q a −b 3. If , , are in A.P., prove that , ,
that the sum of its (p + q) terms is a+b+ . a b c a b
2 p −q 1
are also in A .P.
22. If in an A.P. the sum of m terms is equal to n and the c
sum of n terms is equal to m, then prove that the sum 4. If a² + 2bc, b² + 2ac, c² + 2ab are in A.P., show that
1 1 1
of (m + n) terms is – (m + n). ,
b −c c −a
, are in A.P.
a −b
23. If the sum of first m terms of an A.P. is the same as 5. If (b – c)², (c –a)², (a – b)² are in A.P., prove that
1
,
the sum of its first n terms, show that the sum of its b −c
1 1
(m + n) terms is zero. , are in A.P.
c −a a −b
24. The ratio of the sum of n terms of two A.P.'s is (7n + 6. If a, b, c are in A.P., then prove that :
1) : (4n + 27). Find the ratio of their mth terms. (i) (a – c)² = 4 (b² – ac)
25. The sum of n terms of two arithmetic progressions (ii) 3
a³ + 4b³ + c = 3b(a² + c²)
are in the ratio (3n + 8) : (7n + 15). Find the ratio of 7. If a² (b + c), b² (c + a), c² (a + b) are in A.P., show
their 12th terms, that either a, b, c are A.P. or ab + bc + ca = 0.
26. The ratio of the sums of m and n terms of an A.P. is
m² : n². Show that the ratio of the mth and nth terms INSERTION OF A SINGLE ARITHMETIC MEAN
is (2m – 1) : (2n – 1). BETWEEN a AND b
27. If there are (2n + 1) terms in A.P., then prove that the 1. Insert three arithmetic means between 3 and 19.
ratio of the sum of odd terms and the sum of even an + 1+ bn + 1

terms is (n + 1) : n. 2. For what value of n, is the arithmetic mean

an + b𝑛
28. The interior angles of a polygon are in A.P. The of a and b?
smallest angle is 120° and the common difference is 3. If n arithmetic means are inserted between 20 and 80
5°. Find the number of sides of the polygon. such that the ratio of first mean to the last mean is 1 :
29. The first, second and the last terms of an A.P. are a, 3, then find the value of n.
b, c respectively. Prove that the sum 4. Between 1 and 31 are inserted m arithmetic means
is
(a + c) (b + c − 2a)
. so that the ratio of the 7th and (m –1)th means is 5:
2 (b − a) 9. Find the value of m.
30. Let Sk be the sum of first k terms of an A.P. What 5. Prove that the sum of n arithmetic means between
s
must this progression be for the ratio kx to be two numbers is n times the single A.M. between
Sx
independent of x ? them.
13
31. Let Sn be the sum of first n terms of an A.P. with non- 6. The sum of two numbers is . An even number of
6
zero common difference. Find the ratio of first term arithmetic means are being inserted between them
sn1n2
and common difference if is independent of n₁. and their sum exceeds their number by 1. Find the
Sn1 number of means inserted.
32. Let Sn denote the sum of the first n terms of an A.P. If 7. If the A.M. between pth and qth terms of an A.P. be
s3n
S2n = 3 Sn, then prove that = 6. equal to the A.M. between rth and sth terms of the
Sn A.P., then show that p + q = r + s.
33. If S1, S2, S3, ... Sm are the sums of n terms of m
A.P.'s whose first terms are 1, 2, 3,...,m and common

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 ARITHMETIC PROGRESSIONS MATH’S BY Sharma Sir
8. Suppose x and y are two real numbers such that the 10. In an A.P., first term is 12, common difference is 4
rth mean between x and 2y is equal to the rth mean and sum of n terms is 132. Find the value of n.
between 2x and y when n arithmetic means are 11. In an A.P. prove that the sum of the terms equidistant
inserted between them in both the cases. Show that from the beginning and end is con-stant.
n +1 y
– =1 12. If the ratio of sum of n terms of two A.P. be 7n + 1 :
r x th
4n + 27, then find the ratio of 11 terms of the series.
th 13. Find the sum of odd numbers between 100 and 200.
General term or n term of A.P.
th 14. Find the sum of natural numbers which are multiples
1. Find the 10 term of the A.P. 1, 5, 9,13,………..
th of 3 between 1 and 100,
2. Find the (n – 3) term of 5, 11, 17,…………………
15. The sum of 10 terms of an A.P. is four times the sum
3. Which term of the progression 27, 24, 21, 18,...........
of 5 terms. Find the ratio of first term and common
is zero?
th difference.
4. Find 15 term of A.P. 2, 6, 10,......, 86 from last.
16. How many terms of series 39 + 33 + 27 + ...........
5. 3x, x + 2 and 8 are three continuous terms of an A.P.
give the sum 144? Give the reason for double
Find its fourth term.
answers.
6. The fifth term of an A.P. is 11 and ninth term is 7.
th 17. If (x + 1) + (x + 4) + (x + 7) + ..........+ (x + 28) = 155,
Find the 16 term of the progression,
then find the value of x.
7. Seven times of the seventh term of a series is equal
18. If the sum of n terms of a series is equal to the sum
to eleven times of its eleventh term. Find the
of m terms, then prove that the sum of (m + n) terms
eighteenth term of the series.
th th of series will be zero.
8. If the p term of an A.P. is q and q term is p, then th th
th 19. If p and q terms of an A.P. are a and b, then prove
prove that its n term is (p + q – n) and hence prove th
th that the sum of (p + q) term will be
that (p + q) term is zero. p +q a −b
th th
9. The n term of the A.P. is 19 – 5n. Find its 35 term. a+b+ .
th th th 2 p−q
10. If a , b and c are the p , q and r terms of an A.P., 20. If S1, S2, S3 are the sum of three arithmetic
then prove that :a (q – r) + b (r – p) + c (p – q) = 0. progressions. If first term of each series is 1 and
th 1 th 1
11. The p term of an A.P. is, , the q term is . Prove common differences are 1, 2, 3 respectively, then
q p
th
that pq term will be 1. prove that S₁ + S3 = 2S2.
12.
th
If m times the m term of an A.P. is equal to n times 21. If the sum of n, 2n and 3n terms are S 1, S2 and S3
th th
its n term, then show that (m + n) term of this A.P respectively, then prove that S 3 = 3(S2 – S1).
st rd th
is zero. 22. If a, b, c are 1 , 3 and n terms of an A.P., then
(c + a)(b + 2c − 3a)
13. If Sn = an² + bn, then prove that it is an A.P. prove that the sum of n terms is .
2(b− a)
14. If the progressions 3, 10, 17,…………. and 63, 65, 23. If S1, S2, S3 be the sum of n terms of three arithmetic
th
67, ........ are such that their n terms are equal, then progressions and their first terms are respectively 1,
find the value of n. 2, 3 and common differences are1,3,5, then prove
15. If < an> is an A.P. and a1 + a₄ + a7 + ........ + a16 = 3
that S1+ S2 + S3 = (3n +1)n.
147, then find the value of a1 + a6 + a11 + a16. 2
24. If Sn denotes sum of n terms of an A.P. and if S₁ = 6,
To calculate the sum of n terms of an A.P. S7 = 105, then prove that: Sn : Sn-3 = (n + 3) : (n – 3).
1. Find out the sum of the series 1,6,11,16,…………. up 25. If the sum of p terms of an A.P. is q and the sum of q
to 30 terms. terms is p, then show that the sum of (p – q) terms is
2 th 2q
2. The sum of n terms of an A.P. is 2n + 3n . Find its r (p – q) 1 + .
p
term.
26. Let Sn denotes the sum of n terms of an A.P. If S 2n =
3. How many terms of the series 24 + 20 + 16 + S
……….give the sum 72? 3Sn , then find the value of the ratio 3n .
Sn
th th
4. The 5 and 9 term of an A.P. are 11 and 17 27. If a, b and 2a are respectively first, second and last
respectively. Find the sum of 20 terms. terms of an A.P., then show that sum of the series is
5. Find out the sum of series 3 + 4 + 8 + 9 +13 + 14 + 3ab
.
18 + 19 + ....... up to 20 terms. 2(b−a)
6.
th th
The sum of 8 terms and19 terms of an A.P. are 64 28. If interior angles of a polygon are in A.P., whose
and 361 respectively, then find the sum of n terms. shortest angle is 88º and common differ-ence is 10°.
7. If the sum of p, q and r terms of a series is a, b and Find the number of sides.
a b c 29. If I is last term and d is common difference of an
c, then prove that: (q – r) + (r – p) + (p – q) = 0. n
p q r A.P., then prove that sum of its n terms is [2I – (n
2
8. If the sum of p terms of a series is q and sum of q
– 1)d].
terms is p, then prove that sum of (p + q) terms is –
30. How many terms of the A.P. 3,7,11, 15,............. give
(p + q).
th 1 th 1 the sum 406?
9. The p term of an A.P. is and q . term is , then
q p
1
prove that the sum of its pq terms (pq + 1).
2

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 ARITHMETIC PROGRESSIONS MATH’S BY Sharma Sir
To find n arithmetic means between a and b Answer key –
an + bn
1. If the A.M. of a and b is n −1 n −1 , then find the ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION (A.P.)
a +b
value of n 1. 4
2. Find out 5 A.Ms. between 7 and 37. 2. 4n + 2
4 th A.M.
3. Between 7 and 49 there are n A.Ms. and
(n−2)th A.M. 3. {A(n + 1) + B } − {An + B } = A
5
= , then find out the value of n. a
4 4. log
4. Prove that the sum of n arithmetic means between b
two numbers is n times of arithmetic means of 5. 28
these numbers.
5.
th th
In A.P., the A.M. of p and g terms are equal to nth TERM OF AN A.P. FROM THE END
th th
the A.M. of r and s terms, then prove that p + q Type I ON FINDING THE INDICATED TERM OF AN
= r + s. A.P.
6. Prove that in A.P. whose total number of terms is 1. 3n + 6
even, mean of two middle term is equal to mean of 2. log(ab )
n-1
first and last terms.
7. Prove that in an A.P. whose total number of terms 3. n = 17
is odd, middle term is equal to half of sum of first 4. n = 25
and last terms.
8. The A.M. of two numbers is 7 and their product is 5. 37
45. Find the numbers. 1
6. 46
9. There are n A.Ms. between 1 and 31. If the ratio of 4
th th
7 A.M. to (n – 1) A.M. is 5 : 9, then find the value 7. 28
of n.
10. Find the sum of n arithmetic means between x and 8. (i) 4 (ii) 9
3x. Type II PROBLEMS BASED UPON
11. If a, b, c are in A.P. and x, y are arithmetic means 𝐚𝐧 = a + (n -1) d
of a, b and b, c respectively, then prove that a, x, b, 9. (i) A.0 + D.0 = 0 (ii) D.0 = 0
y, c are in A.P.
12. If x, y, z are in A.P. and a is A.M. of x and y and b 10. 2am
is A.M. of y and z, then prove that y is A.M. of a th
11. (a₁ + 1) term is not a prime number
and b. th
1 12. (m + n )
13. Sum of two numbers is 2 . Some A.Ms. are
6
inserted between them whose numbers are even 13. (p + q − n)
and sum of their is 1 more than the numbers.Find 15. 331
the number of inserted A.Ms.
14. Insert 6 A.Ms. terms between – 4 and 10. 16. 13

Remember 17. a2 + a n-1 = a3 + a n-2 = a4+ a n-3 = ... = a1+an

1. The sum of three consecutive terms of an A.P. is 15 The sum of the terms equidistant from the beginning
and product is 120. Find the numbers.
2. Divide 32 into four parts such that they are in A.P. and end is always same and equal to the sum of first
and the ratio of product of first term and fourth terms and last terms.
to the product of second and third terms is equal to
7:15. 18. k = 1, 2, 3, ... 20
3. The sum of three consecutive terms be 12, The There are 20 identical terms in the two A.P.’ s.
product of first and third terms is equal to three times
the second term. 19.there are 14 identical terms in the two A.P.’ s.
b +c c +a a +b 1 1 1
4. If , , are in A.P.,then prove that, , , SELECTION OF TERMS IN AN A.P.
a b c a b c
are also in A.P. 1. −4, −1,2, or 2, −1, −4.
1 1
5. If a², b², c² are in A.P., then prove that , , 2. 2, 4, 6, 8 or 8, 6, 4, 2.
b +c c +a
1
are in A.P. 3. 2, 6 , 10, 14
a +b
6. Find the A.P. whose five terms sum up to 25 and the 4. (a² − 5d²)², which is square of an integer as a
sum of their squares is 135.
and d are integers.

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 ARITHMETIC PROGRESSIONS MATH’S BY Sharma Sir
SUM TO n TERMS OF AN A.P. 1 1 1 1 1 1
(v) a b
+
c
,b
c
+
a
,c
a
+
b
Type I ON FINDING THE SUM OF GIVEN NUMBER
OF TERMS OF AN A.P. 2
(vi) [(b + c)² − a²], [(c + a)−b²] [(a + b)² − c ]
1. 590 1 1 1
2. (i) , ,
2. 2139 b+c c+a a+b
a b c
3. 70336 (ii) , ,
b+c′ c+a ′ a+b
4. 156375 1 1 1
3. , ,
a b c
5. 867 1 1 1
4. , ,
b−c c−a a−b
7. 2q
1 1 1
8. m = 27 5. , ,
b−c c−a a−b

9. 740 INSERTION OF A SINGLE ARITHMETIC MEAN

BETWEEN a AND b
10. 11 1. 7, 11,15
11. 900 2. n = 0
13. n (2−3n) 3. 11
4. 14
Type II FINDING THE NUMBER OF TERMS IN
AN A.P. WHEN THE SUM OF ITS n TERMS IS 6. 6
GIVEN General term or n term of A.P.
th

14. n = 18 or, 19 1. 37
The sum of 18 terms as well as that of 19 terms is 2. 6n−19
513. 3. n = 10 or 10 term.
th

15. n = 25 or, 36 4. 30
16. 36 5. 18
17. −2550. 6. 0
Type III PROVING RESULTS RELATED TO THE 7. 0
SUM OF n TERMS OF AN A.P.
24. (14m− 6) : (8m + 23). 9. T35 = −156.
25. 7:16. 15. 98
28. n = 9. To calculate the sum of n terms of an A.P.
k [kxd + (2a − d)] 1. S30 = 2205
30.
[xd + (2a − d)]
2. 5 + 6r – 6 = 6r − 1
The progression is a, 3a, 5a, 7a …., where a is any
3. n = 9, 4
non-zero real number.
4. 385.
1
31. 5. 520
2

32. 6 6. Sn = n².
PROPERTIES OF ARITHMETICAPROGRESSIONS 10. n ≠ 11 ∴ n = 6
Type I TO PROVE THAT THREE NUMBERS ARE 4
IN A.P. WHEN THREE GIVEN NUMBERS ARE IN 12.
3
A.P.
1. (i) b + c, c + a, a + b 13. 7500

(ii) a² (b + c), b² (c + a), c² (a + b) 14. 1683

1 1 1 15. a : d = 1 : 2
(III) , ,
b+ c c+ a a+ b
16. n = 6,8
1 1 1
(iv) , ,
bc ca ab 17. x = 1

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 ARITHMETIC PROGRESSIONS MATH’S BY Sharma Sir
6n 2 d
26. =6
n2d

30. n = 14

To find n arithmetic means between a and b

1. n = 1
2. A5 = 7 + 5d = 32.
3. 5
8. 9 and 5
9. n = 14
10. 2nx.
13. n = 6
14. −2, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8

Remember

1. 5 ∓ 1, 5, 5 ±1 or 4, 5, 6 or 6, 5, 4.

2. 2,6, 10, 14 or 14, 10, 6, 2.

3. 2,4,6 or 6,4,2.

MATH’S BY SHARMA SIR Page 6