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12 views

Web Dev Notes

Uploaded by

Wisam Kayani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WEB DEB BATCH CLASS 4

HTML class Attribute


❮ PreviousNext ❯

The HTML class attribute is used to specify a class for an HTML element.

Multiple HTML elements can share the same class.

Using The class Attribute


The class attribute is often used to point to a class name in a style sheet. It can
also be used by a JavaScript to access and manipulate elements with the
specific class name.

In the following example we have three <div> elements with a class attribute
with the value of "city". All of the three <div> elements will be styled equally
according to the .city style definition in the head section:

Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
.city {
background-color: tomato;
color: white;
border: 2px solid black;
margin: 20px;
padding: 20px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>

<div class="city">
<h2>London</h2>
<p>London is the capital of England.</p>
</div>

<div class="city">
<h2>Paris</h2>
<p>Paris is the capital of France.</p>
</div>

<div class="city">
<h2>Tokyo</h2>
<p>Tokyo is the capital of Japan.</p>
</div>

</body>
</html>

Try it Yourself »

In the following example we have two <span> elements with a class attribute with
the value of "note". Both <span> elements will be styled equally according to
the .note style definition in the head section:

Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
.note {
font-size: 120%;
color: red;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>

<h1>My <span class="note">Important</span> Heading</h1>


<p>This is some <span class="note">important</span> text.</p>
</body>
</html>

Try it Yourself »

Tip: The class attribute can be used on any HTML element.

Note: The class name is case sensitive!

Tip: You can learn much more about CSS in our CSS Tutorial.

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The Syntax For Class


To create a class; write a period (.) character, followed by a class name. Then,
define the CSS properties within curly braces {}:

Example
Create a class named "city":

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
.city {
background-color: tomato;
color: white;
padding: 10px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>

<h2 class="city">London</h2>
<p>London is the capital of England.</p>

<h2 class="city">Paris</h2>
<p>Paris is the capital of France.</p>
<h2 class="city">Tokyo</h2>
<p>Tokyo is the capital of Japan.</p>

</body>
</html>

Try it Yourself »

Multiple Classes
HTML elements can belong to more than one class.

To define multiple classes, separate the class names with a space, e.g. <div
class="city main">. The element will be styled according to all the classes
specified.

In the following example, the first <h2> element belongs to both the city class
and also to the main class, and will get the CSS styles from both of the classes:

Example
<h2 class="city main">London</h2>
<h2 class="city">Paris</h2>
<h2 class="city">Tokyo</h2>

Try it Yourself »

Different Elements Can Share Same Class


Different HTML elements can point to the same class name.

In the following example, both <h2> and <p> point to the "city" class and will
share the same style:

Example
<h2 class="city">Paris</h2>
<p class="city">Paris is the capital of France</p>

HTML id Attribute
❮ PreviousNext ❯

The HTML id attribute is used to specify a unique id for an HTML element.

You cannot have more than one element with the same id in an HTML
document.

Using The id Attribute


The id attribute specifies a unique id for an HTML element. The value of
the id attribute must be unique within the HTML document.

The id attribute is used to point to a specific style declaration in a style sheet. It


is also used by JavaScript to access and manipulate the element with the
specific id.

The syntax for id is: write a hash character (#), followed by an id name. Then,
define the CSS properties within curly braces {}.

In the following example we have an <h1> element that points to the id name
"myHeader". This <h1> element will be styled according to the #myHeader style
definition in the head section:

Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#myHeader {
background-color: lightblue;
color: black;
padding: 40px;
text-align: center;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>

<h1 id="myHeader">My Header</h1>

</body>
</html>

Try it Yourself »

Note: The id name is case sensitive!

Note: The id name must contain at least one character, cannot start with a
number, and must not contain whitespaces (spaces, tabs, etc.).

Difference Between Class and ID


A class name can be used by multiple HTML elements, while an id name must
only be used by one HTML element within the page:

Example
<style>
/* Style the element with the id "myHeader" */
#myHeader {
background-color: lightblue;
color: black;
padding: 40px;
text-align: center;
}

/* Style all elements with the class name "city" */


.city {
background-color: tomato;
color: white;
padding: 10px;
}
</style>
<!-- An element with a unique id -->
<h1 id="myHeader">My Cities</h1>

<!-- Multiple elements with same class -->


<h2 class="city">London</h2>
<p>London is the capital of England.</p>

<h2 class="city">Paris</h2>
<p>Paris is the capital of France.</p>

<h2 class="city">Tokyo</h2>
<p>Tokyo is the capital of Japan.</p>

Try it Yourself »

Tip: You can learn much more about CSS in our CSS Tutorial.

HTML Table Tags


Tag Description

<table> Defines a table

<th> Defines a header cell in a table

<tr> Defines a row in a table

<td> Defines a cell in a table


<caption> Defines a table caption

<colgroup> Specifies a group of one or more columns in a table for formatting

<col> Specifies column properties for each column within a <colgroup> element

<thead> Groups the header content in a table

<tbody> Groups the body content in a table

<tfoot> Groups the footer content in a table

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