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16 views6 pages

Short Colums3

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حوراء
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Design of Reinforced Concrete II Lec.

11 Columns

Concentrically-Loaded Short Columns

Axial force located at the geometric centroid for symmetrical section and at the plastic
centroid for unsymmetrical sections.

Normal strength (Pn) of axially loaded column can be found as:


Pn = 0.85fc'(Ag-Ast)+Astfy

where:
Ag = b×h and Ast = As+As'

A further safety factor is imposed by ACI 318 code to allow for accidental eccentricities of
loading not consider in the analysis. To avoid the action of these accidental eccentricities, the
code imposed an additional reduction factor of 0.85 for spirally columns and 0.8 for tied
columns.

Prof. Dr. Sallal R. Abid Wasit University - Civil Engineering Department 78


Design of Reinforced Concrete II Lec.11 Columns

ACI safety provisions for axial members.

(a) Spirally reinforced columns: ( Ø = 0.7 )


ØPn= 0.85Ø[0.85fc'(Ag-Ast)+fyAst] ...... (1)

(b) Tied columns: ( Ø = 0.65 )


ØPn = 0.8Ø[0.85fc'(Ag-Ast)+fyAst] ...... (2)

ρg = , multiplying equation (1) and equation (2) by yields:

(a) Spirally reinforced columns:


ØPn=0.85Ø[0.85fc'+ ρg (fy-0.85fc')]Ag ...... (3)

(b) Tied columns:


ØPn=0.8Ø[0.85fc'+ ρg (fy-0.85fc')]Ag ...... (4)

Equations (1) and (2) used for analysis, while equations (3) and (4) are easier for design.

Lateral ties and spirals:


Lateral reinforcement serves several functions:
1. To hold longitudinal bars in position during concrete pouring.
2. To prevent the highly stressed slender longitudinal bars from buckling outward by bursting
the concrete cover.

Prof. Dr. Sallal R. Abid Wasit University - Civil Engineering Department 77


Design of Reinforced Concrete II Lec.11 Columns

Behavior of spirally reinforced and tied columns.

Confinement of concrete core due to hoop tension of spirals.

A volumetric ratio (ρs) of spiral is defined as the ratio the volume of spiral steel to the volume of
concrete core:

ρs = thus, ρs =

Asp=Area of spiral bar

Plastic centroid:
The plastic centroid is the distance of application of resultant force of the column cross-section
(including concrete force and steel force).

Prof. Dr. Sallal R. Abid Wasit University - Civil Engineering Department 78


Design of Reinforced Concrete II Lec.11 Columns

( )
X=

Ex. 2)
Find the plastic centroid of the following column section, where fc' = 25 MPa and fy = 420 MPa.

Sol.)
Concrete forces

C1 = 0.85(25)600( ) = 1275 kN

C2=0.85(25)600×200 = 2550 kN
C3 = C1 =1275 kN

Steel forces
As'fy = 2(491)420=412.4 kN
Asfy = 4(491)420=824.9 kN
( ) ( ) ( )
X=

Ex. 3)
Find the maximum live load, the short column shown below can carry. fc' = 28 MPa, fy = 420
MPa and DL = 1300 kN.

Sol.)
ØPn = 0.8Ø[0.85fc' (Ag-Ast)+fyAst]
Ast = 8×491= 3928 mm2
Ag = 300×500 = 150000 mm2
ØPn = 0.8×0.65[0.85×28(150000-3928)+420×3928] ×10-3
= 2665.7 kN
Pu = ØPn = 1.2PD + 1.6PL
2665.7 =1.2×1300 + 1.6PL
PL= 691 kN

Prof. Dr. Sallal R. Abid Wasit University - Civil Engineering Department 89


Design of Reinforced Concrete II Lec.11 Columns

Ex. 4)
Design a square column to carry a concentric live load of 500 kN and a dead load of 300 kN. Use
fc' = 25 MPa and fy = 420 MPa (hint: assume ρ = 2%).

Sol.)
Pu = 1.2PD + 1.6PL = 1.2×300 + 1.6×500 = 1160 kN
ØPn=0.8Ø[0.85fc'+ ρg (fy-0.85fc')]Ag
1160×103 =0.8×0.65 [0.85×25+ 0.02 (420-0.85×25)]Ag
Ag= 76330 mm2
Ag = h×h (square column)
h=√ =√ = 276.3 mm
Use h = 280 mm thus, Ag = 78400 mm2

Find steel ratio:


ØPn = 0.8Ø[0.85fc'+ ρg (fy-0.85fc')]Ag
1160×103=0.52(0.85×25+ρg (420-0.85×25)) 78400
ρg = 0.018 > ρmin = 0.01
As = 0.018(280)2 = 1411 mm2 use Ø25 (Ast = 491 mm2)

N= = 2.87

use 4Ø25 (the least number of reinforcing bars in tied columns is 4)

Lateral Reinforcement (Ties):


S =16×bar diameter = 16×25 = 400 mm
S = 48×Tie diameter = 48×10 = 480 mm [Ø25 < 32 mm → use Ø10 ties]
S = Least dimension = 280 mm (Controls)

280 mm

280
4Φ25 Φ10@280
mm
mm

Prof. Dr. Sallal R. Abid Wasit University - Civil Engineering Department 89


Design of Reinforced Concrete II Lec.11 Columns
Ex. 5)
Design a circular spirally reinforced column to carry a dead load of 900 kN and a live load of
1250 kN. Use fc' = 28 MPa, fy = 420 MPa, and ρ = 0.015.

Sol.)
Pu=1.2PD + 1.6PL = 1.2×900+1.6×1250 = 3080 kN
Ast = ρAg = 0.015Ag Ø = 0.7 (Spirally reinforced column)
ØPn=0.85Ø[0.85fc'+ ρg (fy-0.85fc')]Ag
3080×103 =0.85×0.7 [0.85×28+ 0.015 (420-0.85×28)]Ag
Ag = 174040 mm2
Ag = ⁄

D=√ = 470.73 mm

Use D = 480 mm Thus, Ag=180956 mm2


Find Ast :
3080×103 =0.85×0.7 [0.85×28+ ρg (420-0.85×28)] 180956
ρg = 0.0121 > ρmin = 0.01
Ast = 2195
Use Ø25

N= = 4.5 (minimum number of bars for spirally columns is 6 bars)

Use 6Ø25
Design of spiral:
use Ø10 spiral (Ast = 78.5 mm2)

ρs min.= 0.45( -1)

Ac = , Dc = D – 2 cover = 480 – 2×40 = 400 mm

Ac= = 125664 mm2

ρs min = 0.45( - 1) = 0.0132

ρs= thus, S= = 59.47 mm

25 ≤ S ≤ 80
Use S = 55 mm

Prof. Dr. Sallal R. Abid Wasit University - Civil Engineering Department 89

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