Q1 Mathematics 8 Module 5
Q1 Mathematics 8 Module 5
Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 5:
Finding Equation of a Line
Given: Two Points, Slope and a
Point and Slope and its
Intercepts ; Problem Solving
Mathematics – Grade 8
Quarter 1 – Module 5: Finding Equation of a Line; Given: Two Points, Slope and a Point
and Slope and its Intercepts and Problem Solving
First Edition, 2020
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Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 5:
Finding Equation of a Line
Given: Two Points, Slope and a
Point and Slope and its
Intercepts ; Problem Solving
M8AL – Ig – 1 – 2
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to
use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress
while allowing them to manage their own learning at home.
Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as
they do the tasks included in the module.
ii
Let Us Learn
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It will help
you understand better on how to find the equation of a line given (a) two
points; (b) the slope and a point; (c) the slope and its intercepts and solves
problems involving linear equations in two variables. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The lessons are
done to follow the standard sequence of the course.
Let Us Try
In the previous lesson, you have learned about linear
equations, its slopes, its graphs and transforming linear equation in
standard form to slope-intercept form. This time you will learn how to obtain
an equation of a line and solve problems with the following given:
a. only two points,
b. a slope and a point; and
c. a slope and its intercepts
1
Activity 1
Solve for the slope.
No. 1 Solution 1. (2, 1) and (4, 5) m = __2__ 2. (3, 5) and (-2, -3) m = ______
𝑦2 − 𝑦1
m=𝑥
2 − 𝑥1
5− 1 3 7 3 4 9 3
m = 4−2 3. (-3, ) and (2, ) m = _____ 4. ( , ) and ( , ) m = ______
4 4 4 7 4 7
4
m=2 =2
Activity 1.1
3
Evaluate the following where x = 3, y = -2, m = 1, a = -3, b =
5
Let Us Study
(0, -2)
2
We will be solving the equation of a line in two (2) different approaches.
Using the slope-intercept form (LEFT SIDE) and using formula (RIGHT
SIDE).
𝑦2 − 𝑦1
m= - formula for slope
𝑥2 − 𝑥1 𝑦2 − 𝑦1
y - 𝑦1 = (x - 𝑥1 ) - formula
(0, -2) and (-1, 2) - given 𝑥2 − 𝑥1
2−(−2)
m= - substitute
−1−0
2 −(−2)
m=
2+2
=
4
=-4 - simplify y – (-2) = (x - 0) - substitute
−1 −1 −1− 0
m = -4
2 +2
y+2=
(x – 0) - simplify
−1
STEP 2: Using the given, identify one (1)
point and substitute it to slope-intercept 4
form (y=mx+b) together with the slope (m) to y + 2 = −1 (x – 0)
solve for b.
y + 2 = -4 (x – 0) - distribute
We have (0, -2) as a point and m = -4 -4 to x-0.
x y y + 2 = -4x – 0
3
y = -4x – 2 or you can transform it to
standard form we have
4x + y = -2.
In this example the only
available data in the graph are a point
𝟐
m=− and a slope.
𝟑
What would be the equation of
the given line?
(2, 1) Take note the given are point
2
( 2, 1) and slope ( − 3 )
Since the slope (m) and a point are Substitute the given; the point and the
already given. We will be solving for the slope.
y-intercept (b). (2, 1) and m = − 3
2
x y 2
y – (1) = − 3 (x - 2) - substitute
y = mx + b - slope-intercept form 2 4
y - 1 = − 3x + - distributive property
3
2 of equality
1 = (− 3 )(2) + b - substitute 2 4
y = − 3x + +1 - combine like terms
3
4
1=− +b - simplify 2 7
3 y = − 3x + - arrange in standard
3
4 form
1+ =b - addition property 2 7
3 x+y=
3 3
of equality (APE)
4
𝟕 2 7
b= 3( 3x + y ) = ( )3 - multiply 3 to both
𝟑 3
sides of the equation
to make the 1st term
STEP 2: a whole number
Since we already solved the
y-intercept (b), we can now solve the 2x + 3y = 7
equation using y = mx + b.
2 7
Note: The answer 3x + y = is correct but
3
2 7
We have m = − 3 , b = we need to change the coefficient of the
, we have
3
2 7 first term to a whole number to have a
y = - 3 x + 3 or you can transform it to
unified answer.
2 7
standard form we have 3 x + y = 3 to
make the numerical coefficients a whole
number we multiplied the LCD on both
sides of the equation,
2 7
3( 3x + y ) = ( )3
3
So, the result is
2x + 3y = 7
5
point and a slope. We will solve for the y- a = 1 or (1, 0) and m = 2
intercept b.
x1 y1
0 = (2)(1) + b - substitute
y = 2x + 0 - 2 - combine like
0=2+b - simplify terms
positive (to have a uniform answer). We will Note: The answer -2x + y = -2 is
multiply both sides of the equation by -1, we correct but we need to change the
have coefficient of the first term into a
-1(-2x + y) = (-2) (-1) positive number to have a unified
The answer would be answer.
2x – y = 2
6
Now examine this situation and answer the following questions below.
Activity 2
Situation:
Imagine that you are taking a taxi to go to your desired destination. The
taxi service charges Php 40 and an additional Php 13 per kilometer thereafter.
Your destination is 7 kilometers away from where you started.
Distance
(per kilometer) 1 2 3 4 5
x
Amount
(Fare)
y
_______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3. How did you get the amount in every kilometer of the trip?
_______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
7
In answering problems, we need to follow some steps to have a smooth
process in finding the answers. Consider this flow chart.
You are taking a taxi to go to your desired destination. The taxi service
charges Php 40 and an additional Php 13 per kilometer thereafter. How much
will you pay if you traveled 10 kilometers, 15 kilometers, or 20 kilometers?
You can start from 1 or any number you want in the independent
variable.
Distance
(per kilometer)
1 2 3 4 5
Independent
x
Amount
(Fare)
53 66 79 92 105
Dependent
y
8
Step 4. Using two points solve for an equation
You can use any method you want in answering. I will show you
two (2) ways to solve for the equation.
From the table of values above we will use (1, 53) and (2, 66).
(1, 53) and (2, 66) - given (1, 53) and (2, 66)
66−53 x1 y1 x2 y2
m= - substitute
2−1
13
m= = 13 - simplify 𝑦 −𝑦
1 y - 𝑦1 = 𝑥2− 𝑥1 (x - 𝑥1 ) - formula
2 1
x y 13
y – 53 = 13x – 1
y = mx + b - slope-intercept form
y = 13x – 13 + 53
66 = ( 13 )(2) + b - substitution
y = 13x + 40 - combine like
66 = 26 + b - simplify terms
66 – 26 = b - APE y = 13x + 40
40 = b
b = 40
9
STEP 3: Since we already solved for the slope
(m) and the y-intercept (b), we can now
substitute it to the slope intercept form.
y = mx + b
Since m = 13 , b = 40 so we have
y = 𝟏𝟑x + 40
Since the equation is already in the slope-intercept form, we have y = 13x + 40.
The question is “How much will you pay if you travelled 10 kilometers, 15 kilometers,
or 20 kilometers.”
If x = 10 km If x = 15 km If x =20 km
Let Us Practice
Now, let us do some exercises. Let us call this activity
“Find Me Out”
10
3 7 3 4 9 4
3. (-3, 4) and (2, 4) 4. ( , 7 ) and ( 4, 3 )
4
Let’s WORD it up
1. Find the equation of the line passing through the points (-1, -2) and
(2, 7).
2. Write an equation for the line that passes through the points (1,6) and
(3,-4).
3. Find the equation of the line passing through a point (2, 3) and has a
slope of 3.
2
4. Find the equation whose slope is - and passing through a point
3
(-1, -2).
One of the most helpful ways to apply linear equations in everyday life is to
make predictions about what will happen in the future.
If a bake sale committee spends Php 200 in initial start-up (Puhunan) cost and
then earns Php 150 per month in sales. How much will they earned after 6 months, 1
year, 3 years and 10 years?
11
Let Us Remember
𝒚𝟐 − 𝒚𝟏
y = mx + b y - 𝒚𝟏 = (x - 𝒙𝟏 )
𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙𝟏
y - 𝒚𝟏 = m (x - 𝒙𝟏 )
In solving worded problems, the best technique you can do is you should
understand the problem because if you do not understand the problem alone the steps
are useless.
12
Let Us Assess
I. Multiple Choice. Choose the correct answer.
A. y = x+1
B. y = -x + 1
C. y = x-1
D. y = -x – 1
A. x + y = 2 B. x + y = -2
C. x - y = -2 D. x – y = 2
_____4. What is the equation of a line that passes through a point (3, -4) and
whose slope is 6?
A. 6x - y = 22 B. 6x – y = -22
C. x + 6y = -22 D. x + 6y = 22
_____5. What is the equation of a line whose x - intercept is 4 and has a slope
of 1?
A. x – y = 4 B. x + y = - 4
C. x + y = 4 D. x – y = -4
_____6. What is the equation of the line whose slope is 3 with y-intercept -3?
A. 3x + y = 3 B. 3x – y = 3
C. -3x + y = 3 D. 3x – y = -3
_____7. The slope of a line is 2 and its x-intercept is 1. What is the equation?
A. y = 2x – 2 B. y = 2x + 1
C. y = 2x + 2 D. y = 2x – 1
_____8. What is the equation of a line whose x and y-intercept are 5 and 3,
respectively?
A. 3x + 5y = -15 B. 3x + 5y = 15
13
C. 5x – 3y = -15 D. 5x – 3y = 15
_____9. Find the equation of a line that passes through (3, 4) and (2, 5).
A. y = -x + 7 B. y = 7x + 1
C. y = x – 7 D. y = 7x – 1
_____10. Find the equation of a line with m = 3 and passes through the point
(2, -2).
A. 3x – y – 8 = 0 B. x – 3y – 6 = 0
C. 2x – 2y – 3 = 0 D. 3x + y + 6 = 0
_____11. A certain liquid was cooled and its temperature was taken every
minute. What is the equation of the function?
Time in minutes (x) 0 1 2 3 4 5
Temperature in °C (y) 54 51 48 45 42 39
A. x + 3y = 54 B. 3x + y = 54
C. x – 3y = 54 D. 3x – y = 54
_____12. Joshua resides in a certain city, but he starts a new job in the
neighboring city. Every Monday, he drives his new car 90 kilometers from
his residence to the office and spends the week in a company
apartment. He drives back home every Friday. After 4 weeks of this
routinary activity, his car’s odometer shows that he has travelled 870
kilometers since he bought the car. Write a linear model which gives the
distance y covered by the car as a function of x number of weeks since
he used the car.
_____13. Suppose the bicycle rental at the Magsaysay park is worth 50 pesos
per hour. Your friend would like to rent a bicycle for amusement. How
much will your friend pay if she will rent a bicycle for 4 hours?
_____14. The sum of 2 numbers is 45. Let x = first number and y = second
number. Write an equation that satisfies the given condition.
A. x + y = 45 B. (x)(y) = 45
14
C. x – y = 45 D. x / y = 45
_____15. The taxi service charges Php 40 and an additional Php 13 per
kilometer thereafter. How much will you pay if you traveled 30 kilometers?
Let Us Enhance
Problem Solving. Answer the following problem below. Show your solution.
1. Decision Making: If one company offers to pay you Php 5 525 per week and
another offers Php 150 per hour, and both ask you to work 40 hours per week, which
company is offering the better pay? Why? Explain your answer by showing the linear
equation.
Let Us Reflect
1. Create your own Problem-Solving Plan. (Be Creative)
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Rubrics
Math Strategy Precision Creativity
I know how to get I work neatly I used color
started I use correct math combination
I know what type of symbols I create and organize
math to do and I used labels my own idea
what operations will I work accurately
be used. I get the correct
I know what the answer
problem asking I work efficiency
I show my work in
organized way
16
17
Let’s Us Practice
“Find Me Out” “Let’s Word It Up”
1. y = 2x - 3 1. 3x – y = -1
8 1
2. y = x + 2. 5x + y = 11
5 5
1 27
3. y = x + 3. 3x – y = 3
5 20
32 4
4. y = x+ 4. 2x + 3y = -8
63 21
5. y = 2x - 3
6. y = -3x - 9
Let’s Us Study Let Us Try
Quick Review
Activity 2
1. m
𝑦2 − 𝑦1
2. m =
Complete the table below: 𝑥2 − 𝑥1
3. y = mx + b
Distance
(per kilometer) 3 4 5 6 7
x Activity 1
Amount 1. 2
(Fare) 50 57.50 65 72.50 80 8
y 2. 5
1
3. 5
Questions: Try to explain your answer as brief −2
4. 21
as possible.
1. The distance traveled by the taxi. Activity 1.1
(Distance) 3 33
2. The amount / fare of the passenger. 1. 6 or
5 5
(Amount) 2. 18
3. Answers may vary 3. 1
73
4. -
5
Answer Key
18
Let Us Reflect Let Us Assess
Outputs may vary
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. A
5. A
6. B
Let Us Enhance 7. A
1. DECISION MAKING: 8. B
The second company who offers Php 150 per hour. 9. A
10. A
2. BE A PARTY PLANNER: 11. B
y = 90.75x + 7800 12. A
a. 50 persons = Php 12 337.50 13. C
b. 75 persons = Php 14 606.25 14. A
c. 100 persons = Php 16 875.00 15. A
Let’s Us Practice More
BE A FORTUNE TELLER
1. y =150x -200
a. 6 months = Php. 700
b. 1 year / 12 months = Php. 1600
c. 3 years / 36 months = Php. 5200
d. 10 years / 120 months = Php. 17800
References
Abuzo, Emmanuel P., Bryant, Merden L., Cabrella, Jem Boy B., et. Al., 2013.
Mathematics Grade 8 Learner’s Module. Philsports Complex, Meralco Avenue,
Pasig City, Philippines. Book Media Press, Inc. & Printwell, Inc.
White, K. (2019, March 2). How to Use Algebra 2 in Real Life. Retrieved May
9, 2020, from https://sciencing.com/use-algebra-real-life-5714133.html
Bellman, A., Bragg, S. C., Chapin, S. H., Gardella, T. H. J., Hall, B. C.,
Handlin, W. G., & Manfre, E. (n.d.). Prentice Hall: Algebra; tools for a changing
world (Philippine). Pearson Prentice Hall.
http://www.mesacc.edu/~scotz47781/mat150/notes/eqn_line/Equation_Li
ne_Two_Points_Notes.pdf
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