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MATHEMATICS
QUARTER 1
Week 6

Capsulized Self-Learning
Empowerment Toolkit

Schools Division Office of Zamboanga City

Region IX, Zamboanga Peninsula
Zamboanga City

“Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!”

Liezel P. Jalon
Teacher I
Maria Clara L. Lobregat National High School
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SUBJECT &
GRADE LEVEL MATHEMATICS 8
QUARTER FIRST WEEK 6 DAY ____________________________________
dd/mm/yyyy
1. Forms of the Equation of a Line
TOPIC
2. Graphs of Linear Equations in Two Variables
The learner:
1. writes the linear equation Ax + By = C into the form y = mx + b
LEARNING and vice-versa (M8AL-If-1)
COMPETENCY 2. graphs a linear equation given (a) any two points; (b) the x-intercept
and y-intercept; (c) the slope and a point on the line; and (d) the slope
and y-intercept (M8AL-If-2), and describes the graph of a linear
equation in terms of its intercepts and slope (M8AL-If-3)
IMPORTANT: Do not write anything on this material. Write your answers on separate
sheets.

UNDERSTAND
Topic 1: Forms of the Equation of a Line
A linear equation in two variables can be written in two forms:

Standard Form:
Ax + By = C, where A, B, and C∈ℜ, A ≠ 0 and B ≠ 0
Examples: 3𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 7 𝑥 + 6𝑦 = 0 𝑥+𝑦 = 1
Slope-Intercept Form:
y = mx𝟑𝒙+ +
b, 𝒚where
= 𝟕 m is the slope and b is the y-intercept
m and b ∈ ℜ, and m ≠ 0.
Examples: 𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 5 𝑦 = 7𝑥 − 1 𝑦 = −3𝑥
𝟑𝒙 + 𝒚 = 𝟕
ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE 1:
Given 3 x − 4 y = 7 , solve for 𝑦 in terms of 𝑥.
SOLUTION:
3x − 4 y = 7 Given
3 x + (−3 x) − 4 y = (−3 x) + 7 Addition Property of Equality
− 4 y = −3 x + 7 Simplification
1 1
− (−4 y ) = − (−3x + 7) Multiplication Property of Equality
4 4
3 7
y = x− Simplification
4 4

ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE 2:
Rewrite the equation 2 x + y = −9 into the form y = mx + b (slope-intercept form).
Then, determine its slope (m) and y-intercept (b).

Liezel P. Jalon, Teacher I, Maria Clara L. Lobregat National High School

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SOLUTION:
2 x + y = −9 Given
2 x + (−2 x) + y = (−2 x) − 9 Addition Property of Equality
y = −2 x − 9 Simplification
Therefore, m = -2 and b= -9

ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE 3:
1
Rewrite the equation y = x + 8 into the form Ax + By = C (standard form).
2
Then, determine the values of A, B, and C.

SOLUTION:
1 
2( y ) = 2 x + 8  Multiplication Property of Equality
2 
2 y = x + 16 Simplification
(− x) + 2 y = x + (− x) + 16 Addition Property of Equality
− x + 2 y = 16 Simplification
− 1(− x + 2 y ) = −1(16 ) Multiplication Property of Equality
x − 2 y = −16 Simplification

Therefore, A = 1, B= -2, and C= -16.

NOTE: The value of A in standard form of equations must be positive.

SAQ-1: How do you rewrite the linear equation Ax + By = C into the form y = mx + b
and vice-versa?
SAQ-2: Just like rewriting linear equations in two variables from one form to
another, how important is it to transform yourself to be better?

Let’s Practice! (Write your answers on separate sheets.)

Directions: Rewrite the following equations into the indicated form by supplying the missing
terms to complete the solution.

1. Standard Form 2. Slope- Intercept Form

a. y = − x + 4 a. 2x + y = 9
Solution: Solution:
y = −x + 4 2x + y = 9
( x) + y = − x + (___) + 4 2 x + (___) + y = (−2 x) + 9
x + ___ = 4 = −2 x + 9

Liezel P. Jalon, Teacher I, Maria Clara L. Lobregat National High School

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1
b. y = x+3 b. 5x − 7 y = 2
2
Solution:
Solution:
5x − 7 y = 2
1
y= x+3 5 x + (___) − 7 y = (−5 x) + 2
2
2( y ) = 2(___ + 3) − 7 y = ___ + 2
2y = x + 6 1 1
− (−7 y ) = − (−5 x + 2)
(− x) + 2 y = x + (___) + 6 7 7
− x + 2y = 6 2
y = ___−
− 1(− x + 2 y ) = −1(6) 7
x − 2y =

REMEMBER
Key Points
⚫ A linear equation in two variables can be written in two forms:
o standard form ( Ax + By = C ) and slope-intercept-form ( y = mx + b ).
⚫ The properties of equality are used in rewriting linear equations from the standard form
to slope-intercept form and vice-versa.

TRY
Let’s see how much have you learned today!
General Directions: Study the following assessments carefully and write your answers on
separate sheets.

Assessment 1

Directions: Circle if the linear equation in two variables is written in standard form, underline
if it is written in slope-intercept form, and cross out (x) if neither in standard nor slope-intercept
form.

y = 5x − 9 y = 7x + 6 3x − 4 y = 0 y + 7 = 6x

3x + 6 y = 7 x + 8 = 9y y = 5x x − y = −1
Assessment 2
Directions: Match the given linear equation in standard form to its equivalent slop-intercept
form by connecting and shapes by a straight line.

x + 2y = 8 3
y= x−6
2
3 x − 2 y = 12 1
y=− x+4
2
3x + y = 3 y = −3 x + 3

3 x − y = −5 5
y= x −5
3
5 x − 3 y = 15 y = 3x + 5

Liezel P. Jalon, Teacher I, Maria Clara L. Lobregat National High School

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Assessment 3
Directions: Do the following activities, carefully.
A. Rewrite the following equations in standard form and identify the values of 𝐴, 𝐵, and 𝐶.
2
1. y = 5 x − 9 2. y = x + 2
5
B. Rewrite the following equations in slope-intercept form and identify the values
of m and b.
1. x + y = 7 2. x − 5y = 8
Topic 2: Graphs of Linear Equations in Two Variables
A linear equation can be described by its graph. Graphing linear equations can be done using
any of the four methods:
Using Any Two Points
1
To graph the equation y = 3x + 1 using this
method, we may assign any two values for x, say 0
and 1. By substitution, (1,4)
y = 3x + 1 y = 3x + 1
y = 3(0) + 1 y = 3(1) + 1 (0,1)
y = 0 +1 y = 3 +1
y =1 y=4
Thus, the ordered pairs are (0,1) and (1, 4).
Since two points determine a line, after finding the
ordered pairs of the two points, we can just plot
and connect them.

2 Using x-intercept (a) and y-intercept (b)

To graph the equation y = 3x + 1 using this
method, we need to solve for the x-intercept by
letting y = 0 and the y-intercept by letting x = 0.
If x = 0 , then If y = 0 , then
y = 3x + 1 0 = 3x + 1 (0,1)
y = 3(0) + 1 0 = 3x + 1
y = 0 +1 − 1 = 3x  1 
 − ,0 
y = 1. 1  3 
− =x
3
1
Thus, the x-intercept a is − while the y-intercept
3
b is 1. So, we plot the x- and y-intercepts, then
connect them.
Using Slope and y-intercept
3
To graph the equation y = 3 x + 1 using this
method, we need to identify the values of the slope
(m) and the y-intercept (b).In this case, the slope is
3 and the y-intercept is 1.

First, plot the y-intercept. Next, use the slope to

find the other point. Note that the slope 3 means
the rise = 3 and run = 1.

Liezel P. Jalon, Teacher I, Maria Clara L. Lobregat National High School

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Using Slope and One Point

4
To graph the equation y = 3x + 1 using this
method, we can use the slope which is 3 and may
assign any value for x, say -1.
By substitution, y = 3 x + 1
y = 3(−1) + 1 (0,1)
y = −3 + 1
y = −2.
(-1, -2)
It follows that the ordered pair (-1,-2) lie on the
line y = 3x + 1 .
Now, plot (-1,-2).Then, consider that the slope of
the line is 3, use the rise of 3 and run of 1 to
determine the coordinates of the other point .

In addition, without graphing, we can describe the graph of a linear equation in terms of its
intercepts and slope:
a) A line may have positive, negative, zero, or undefined slope.
LINE SLOPE TREND

positive increasing

negative decreasing

zero neither increasing nor decreasing

undefined undefined

b) Intercepts are also properties of the graph of a linear equation that can describe
its behavior.
LINE SLOPE TREND

positive y-intercept
negative decreasing
positive x-intercept

Liezel P. Jalon, Teacher I, Maria Clara L. Lobregat National High School

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positive y-intercept
positive increasing
negative x-intercept

negative x-intercept
negative decreasing

negative y-intercept

positive x-intercept
positive increasing
negative y-intercept

zero y-intercept

either positive or zero neither increasing

negative x-intercept nor decreasing

zero x-intercept undefined undefined

either positive or
negative y-intercept

Examples:
Without graphing, describe the line given the following x-intercept (a)
and y-intercept (b).
1. a= 5 and b= 5 3. a=-1 and b=0

2. a=0 and b = -2 4. a= 3 and b= -4

Solutions:
1. The x-intercept is positive (5), and the y-intercept is positive (5).
Thus, the graph is decreasing.

2. The x-intercept is zero (0), and the y-intercept is negative (-2).

Thus, the graph is not defined.

3. The x-intercept is negative (-1) and the y-intercept is 0.

Thus, the graph is neither increasing nor decreasing.

4. The x-intercept is positive (3), and the y-intercept is negative (-4).

Thus, the graph is increasing.

SAQ-1: How do you graph linear equations in two variables on a coordinate plane?
SAQ-2: How do you describe a linear equation in terms of its intercepts and slope?

Liezel P. Jalon, Teacher I, Maria Clara L. Lobregat National High School

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Let’s Practice! (Write your answers on separate sheets.)

Directions: Answer the following activities, carefully.
A. Graph y = 4 x − 1 using the indicated method.

(using two points) (using x-and y- (using slope and y- (using slope and a
intercepts) intercept) point)

B. Without graphing, describe the slope and trend of the line given the following conditions:
Slope Trend
m=5
m= -7
a=0 and b= -1
a= -3 and b= 5

REMEMBER
Key Points
⚫ Graphing linear equations in two variables can be done using two points, x-and y-
intercepts, slope and y-intercept ,and slope and a point.
⚫ The graphs of linear equations are also characterized by its slopes and intercepts.

TRY
Let’s see how much have you learned today!

General Directions: Study the following assessments carefully and write your answers on
separate sheets.
Assessment 1
Directions: Graph each of the folllowing equations using any of the given four methods.
1. y = 4 x 2. y = 3x + 5 3. y = −2 x − 3

Liezel P. Jalon, Teacher I, Maria Clara L. Lobregat National High School

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4. x + y = 3 5. 2 x + y = 5

Assessment 2
Directions: Without graphing, decribe the slope and trend of the line by completing the table
Linear Equation Slope Trend
1 y = 3x
2 y = − x + 50
3 y = −5 x − 7
4 x + y = −3
5 − 2x + y = 5

Assessment 3
Directions: Put a check mark (/) in the box that describes the slope and trend of linear
equations with the given x-and y-intercepts.

SLOPE positive negative zero undefined

neither increasing nor
TREND increasing decreasing undefined
increasing
a b
1 1 0
2 -2 -1
3 1 -3
4 0 5
5 -4 6

Emmanuel P. Abuzo, et. al., Mathematics Learner’s Module. Quezon City: Book
REFERENCE/S
Media Press,Inc.,2013,181-183,187-191
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LEARNING RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT TEAM
LIEZEL P. JALON
WRITER
Maria Clara L. Lobregat National High School
LEARNING TEAM/ Garry D. Sta. Ana Roda S. Buenaventura
EVALUATORS Maria Fe S. Gadaingan Alma Mae M. Englis
MANAGEMENT AND Dr. Roy C. Tuballa, CESO VI Dr. Mildred D. Dayao
SPECIALIST Dr. Oliver B. Talaoc Dr. Vilma A. Brown

“Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!”

Liezel P. Jalon, Teacher I, Maria Clara L. Lobregat National High School