1. Write a PL/SQL program to find the area of circle.

DECLARE
radius NUMBER;
area NUMBER;
BEGIN
radius := 5;
area := 3.14159 * radius * radius;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The area of the circle with radius ' || radius || ' is ' || area);
END;
/
2. Write a PL/SQL program to find sum of digits of a number.

DECLARE
num NUMBER := 12345;
sum_of_digits NUMBER := 0;
digit NUMBER;
BEGIN
WHILE num > 0 LOOP
digit := num MOD 10;
sum_of_digits := sum_of_digits + digit;
num := num / 10;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The sum of the digits is ' || sum_of_digits);
END;
/
3. Write a PL/SQL program to check whether the given number is Armstrong number or
not

DECLARE
num NUMBER := 153;
original_num NUMBER;
sum_of_powers NUMBER := 0;
digit NUMBER;
n NUMBER := 0;
BEGIN
original_num := num;
WHILE original_num > 0 LOOP
 n := n + 1;
original_num := original_num / 10;
END LOOP;
original_num := num;
WHILE original_num > 0 LOOP
digit := original_num MOD 10;
sum_of_powers := sum_of_powers + POWER(digit, n);
original_num := original_num / 10;
END LOOP;
IF sum_of_powers = num THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(num || ' is an Armstrong number.');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(num || ' is not an Armstrong number.');
END IF;
END;
/
4. Write a PL/SQL Program to Check Number is Odd or Even.
DECLARE
num NUMBER := 10;
BEGIN
IF MOD(num, 2) = 0 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(num || ' is even.');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(num || ' is odd.');
END IF;
END;
/
5. Write a PL/SQL recursive function to find factorial of a number using Procedures.
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE find_factorial(n IN NUMBER, result OUT
NUMBER) IS
FUNCTION factorial(num NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
BEGIN
IF num = 0 THEN
RETURN 1;
ELSE
RETURN num * factorial(num - 1);
END IF;
END;
 BEGIN
result := factorial(n);
END;
/
DECLARE
num NUMBER := 5;
result NUMBER;
BEGIN
find_factorial(num, result);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Factorial of ' || num || ' is ' || result);
END;
/
6. Write a PL/SQL program to find the factorial of number
DECLARE
num NUMBER := 5;
result NUMBER := 1;
i NUMBER;
BEGIN
FOR i IN 1..num LOOP
result := result * i;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Factorial of ' || num || ' is ' || result);
END;
/
7. wirte a program to check whether the given number is even or odd.

DECLARE
num NUMBER := 10;
BEGIN
IF MOD(num, 2) = 0 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(num || ' is even.');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(num || ' is odd.');
END IF;
END;
/
8. Write a PL/SQL procedure to print first n Fibonacci numbers
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE print_fibonacci(n IN NUMBER) IS
 a NUMBER := 0;
b NUMBER := 1;
next NUMBER;
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(a);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(b);
FOR i IN 3..n LOOP
next := a + b;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(next);
a := b;
b := next;
END LOOP;
END;
/
BEGIN
print_fibonacci(10);
END;
/
9. Write a PL/SQL program to find the reverse of a number
DECLARE
num NUMBER := 12345;
reverse_num NUMBER := 0;
digit NUMBER;
BEGIN
WHILE num > 0 LOOP
digit := num MOD 10;
reverse_num := reverse_num * 10 + digit;
num := num / 10;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The reverse of the number is ' || reverse_num);
END;
/
10.Write a PL/SQL function to find sum of digits of a number
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION sum_of_digits(num IN NUMBER) RETURN
NUMBER IS
sum_digits NUMBER := 0;
digit NUMBER;
BEGIN
 WHILE num > 0 LOOP
digit := num MOD 10;
sum_digits := sum_digits + digit;
num := num / 10;
END LOOP;
RETURN sum_digits;
END;
/
DECLARE
result NUMBER;
BEGIN
result := sum_of_digits(12345);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The sum of the digits is ' || result);
END;
/
11.Write a PL/SQL program on displaying numbers from 1 to 10
BEGIN
FOR i IN 1..10 LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(i);
END LOOP;
END;
/
12.Write a PL/SQL procedure to find factorial of a given number
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE find_factorial(num IN NUMBER, result OUT
NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
result := 1;
FOR i IN 1..num LOOP
result := result * i;
END LOOP;
END;
/
DECLARE
result NUMBER;
BEGIN
find_factorial(5, result);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Factorial is ' || result);
END;
 /
13.Write a PL/SQL program that gives reverse of a given number
DECLARE
num NUMBER := 12345;
reverse_num NUMBER := 0;
digit NUMBER;
BEGIN
WHILE num > 0 LOOP
digit := num MOD 10;
reverse_num := reverse_num * 10 + digit;
num := num / 10;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The reverse of the number is ' || reverse_num);
END;
/
14.Write a PL/SQL program to retrieve records from the sailors table using cursor
DECLARE
CURSOR sailor_cursor IS
SELECT * FROM sailors;
sailor_record sailors%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
OPEN sailor_cursor;
LOOP
FETCH sailor_cursor INTO sailor_record;
EXIT WHEN sailor_cursor%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ID: ' || sailor_record.sid || ', Name: ' ||
sailor_record.sname || ', Rating: ' || sailor_record.rating || ', Age: ' ||
sailor_record.age);
END LOOP;
CLOSE sailor_cursor;
END;
/
15.Write a procedure to calculate factorial of a given number
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE calculate_factorial(num IN NUMBER, result
OUT NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
result := 1;
FOR i IN 1..num LOOP
 result := result * i;
END LOOP;
END;
/
DECLARE
result NUMBER;
BEGIN
calculate_factorial(5, result);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Factorial is ' || result);
END;
/
16.Write a PL/SQL program to find given no is palindrome.
DECLARE
num NUMBER := 12321;
reverse_num NUMBER := 0;
original_num NUMBER := num;
digit NUMBER;
BEGIN
WHILE num > 0 LOOP
digit := num MOD 10;
reverse_num := reverse_num * 10 + digit;
num := num / 10;
END LOOP;
IF reverse_num = original_num THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(original_num || ' is a palindrome.');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(original_num || ' is not a palindrome.');
END IF;
END;
/
17.Write a cursor program for Explicit method
DECLARE
CURSOR emp_cursor IS
SELECT employee_id, first_name, last_name FROM employees;
emp_record employees%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
OPEN emp_cursor;
LOOP
 FETCH emp_cursor INTO emp_record;
EXIT WHEN emp_cursor%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ID: ' || emp_record.employee_id || ', Name: ' ||
emp_record.first_name || ' ' || emp_record.last_name);
END LOOP;
CLOSE emp_cursor;
END;
/
18.Write a cursor program for Implicit method
BEGIN
FOR emp_record IN (SELECT employee_id, first_name, last_name FROM employees)
LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ID: ' || emp_record.employee_id || ', Name: ' ||
emp_record.first_name || ' ' || emp_record.last_name);
END LOOP;
END;
/
19.Write a PL/SQL program on displaying smallest of two numbers
DECLARE
a NUMBER := 10;
b NUMBER := 20;
BEGIN
IF a < b THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The smallest number is ' || a);
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The smallest number is ' || b);
END IF;
END;
/
20.Write a PL/SQL program to find the average of two numbers.
DECLARE
a NUMBER := 10;
b NUMBER := 20;
average NUMBER;
BEGIN
average := (a + b) / 2;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The average of ' || a || ' and ' || b || ' is ' || average);
END;
 /
21.Write a trigger program to convert data entered to the table to upper case while inserting
data in to the table
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER trg_uppercase
BEFORE INSERT ON my_table
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
:NEW.column_name := UPPER(:NEW.column_name);
END;
/
22.Write a PL/SQL program to find the reverse of number
DECLARE
num NUMBER := 12345;
reverse_num NUMBER := 0;
digit NUMBER;
BEGIN
WHILE num > 0 LOOP
digit := num MOD 10;
reverse_num := reverse_num * 10 + digit;
num := num / 10;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The reverse of the number is ' || reverse_num);
END;
/
23.Write a PL/SQL program to find the area of rectangle
DECLARE
length NUMBER := 10;
width NUMBER := 5;
area NUMBER;
BEGIN
area := length * width;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The area of the rectangle is ' || area);
END;
/
24.Write a cursor program for Explicit method .
DECLARE
CURSOR dept_cursor IS
SELECT department_id, department_name FROM departments;
 dept_record departments%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
OPEN dept_cursor;
LOOP
FETCH dept_cursor INTO dept_record;
EXIT WHEN dept_cursor%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ID: ' || dept_record.department_id || ', Name: ' ||
dept_record.department_name);
END LOOP;
CLOSE dept_cursor;
END;
/
25. Give an Example of PL/SQL program to find the biggest of two numbers.
DECLARE
a NUMBER := 10;
b NUMBER := 20;
BEGIN
IF a > b THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The biggest number is ' || a);
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The biggest number is ' || b);
END IF;
END;
/
26 .Write a PL/SQL program to find Armstrong numbers in a given range m to n
DECLARE
m NUMBER := 1;
n NUMBER := 500;
num NUMBER;
original_num NUMBER;
sum_of_powers NUMBER;
digit NUMBER;
num_digits NUMBER;
BEGIN
FOR num IN m..n LOOP
original_num := num;
sum_of_powers := 0;
num_digits := TRUNC(LOG(10, num) + 1);
 WHILE original_num > 0 LOOP
digit := original_num MOD 10;
sum_of_powers := sum_of_powers + POWER(digit, num_digits);
original_num := original_num / 10;
END LOOP;
IF sum_of_powers = num THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(num || ' is an Armstrong number.');
END IF;
END LOOP;
END;
/