Code No: R2022051 R20 SET - 1

II B. Tech II Semester Regular/Supplementary Examinations, July - 2023

PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS
(Common to CSE, CST, CSD, CSE(AIML), CSE(AI), CSE(DS), CSE(AI&DS), CSE(AI&ML), CSE(CS),
CSE(DS), CSE(IOTCSIBCT), CSE(CSBS), CSE(IOT), AI&DS, CS, & AI&ML)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions, each Question from each unit
All Questions carry Equal Marks
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
UNIT-I
1 a) Describe primary and secondary data with an example each. [7M]
b) What are the measures of central tendency? Explain each. [7M]
Or
2 a) List any ten applications of data science. [7M]
b) Distinguish between positive and negative Skewness. [7M]
UNIT-II
3 a) Calculate coefficient of correlation for the following data [7M]
X 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Y 15 16 14 13 11 12 10 8 9

b) The given following data based on 450 students, are given for marks in statistics are [7M]
Economics at a certain examination.
Mean marks in statistics=40
Mean marks in Economics = 8
S.D. of marks in statistics = 12
Variance of marks(Economics) = 256
Sum of the products of deviations of marks from this respective mean 42075. Give the
equations of the two lines of regression and estimate the average marks in Economics of
candidates who obtained 50 marks in statistics.
Or
4 a) Fit a least square straight line for the following data: [7M]
X 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Y 0.18 0.37 0.35 0.78 0.56 0.75 1.18
b) List the properties of Correlation coefficients. [7M]
UNIT-III
5 a) Define (i) Sample space (ii) Mutually exclusive events (iii) Compound event [7M]
(iv) Dependent and independent events.
b) A, B, C are aiming to shoot a balloon. A will succeed 4 times out of 5 attempts. The [7M]
chance of B to shoot the balloon is 3 out of 4 and that of C is 2 out of 3. If the three aim
the balloon simultaneously, then find the probability that at least two of them hit the
balloon.
Or
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 Code No: R2022051 R20 SET - 1

6 a) List the properties of discrete and continuous random variables. [7M]

b) If the probability density function f(x) of a continuous random variable is given by [7M

, 0<<1
f(x) =
2 − . 1 ≤  < 2 
0,  ℎ 
Find the probabilities that a random variable having this probability density will take on a
value (i) between 0.2 and 0.8 (ii) between 0.6 and 1.2.
UNIT-IV
7 a) A random sample of 500 points on a heated plate resulted in an average temperature of [7M]
73.54 degrees Fahrenheit with a standard deviation of 2.79 degree Fahrenheit. Find a
99%confidence interval for the average temperature of the plate.
b) Define unbiased estimator. What is the more efficient unbiased estimator, explain briefly? [7M]
Or
8 a) A random sample of 100 teachers in a large metropolitan area revealed a mean weekly [7M]
salary of Rs.487 with a standard deviation Rs.48. With what degree of confidence can we
assert that the average weekly salary of all teachers in the metropolitan area is between
472 to 502?
b) Define (i) Population and samples (ii) Sampling distribution (iii) F distribution. [7M]
UNIT-V
9 a) Explain the procedure generally followed in testing of hypotheses. [7M]
b) A sample of 400 items is taken from a population whose standard deviation is 10. The [7M]
mean of the sample is 40. Test whether the sample has come from a population with mean
38.Also calculate 95% confidence interval for the population.
Or
10 a) The mean life time of a sample of 100 light tubes produced by a company is found to [7M]
be1560 hrs with a population S.D of 90 hrs. Test the hypothesis for α=0.05 that the mean
life time of the tubes produced by the company is 1580 hrs.
b) The average marks scored by 32 boys is 72 with a S.D of 6. Does This indicate that the [7M]
boys perform better than girls at level of significance 0.05?

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 : No: R2022051
Code R20 SET - 2
II B. Tech II Semester Regular/Supplementary Examinations, July - 2023
PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS
(Common to CSE, CST, CSD, CSE(AIML), CSE(AI), CSE(DS), CSE(AI&DS), CSE(AI&ML), CSE(CS),
CSE(DS), CSE(IOTCSIBCT), CSE(CSBS), CSE(IOT), AI&DS, CS, & AI&ML)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions, each Question from each unit
All Questions carry Equal Marks
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
UNIT-I
1 a) Define dependent, independent, Categorical and Continuous variables with an example [7M]
each.
b) What are the measures of variability and explain them. [7M]
Or
2 a) Define descriptive statistics and give any five applications in computer science [7M]
Engineering.
b) Define Kurtosis. How does it differ from skewness. [7M]
UNIT-II
3 a) Calculate coefficient of correlation for the following data. [7M]
X 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Y 15 16 14 13 11 12 10 8 9
b) For the following data, find equations of the two regression lines. [7M]
X 1 2 3 4 5
Y 15 25 35 45 55
Or
4 a) Fit a second degree polynomial to the following data by the method of least squares. [7M]
X 0 1 2 3 4
Y 1 1.8 1.3 2.5 6.3
b) From the following data calculate the rank correlation coefficient after making [7M]
adjustment for tied ranks.
X 48 33 40 9 16 16 65 24 16 57
Y 13 13 24 6 15 4 20 9 6 19
UNIT-III
5 a) State and prove Baye’s theorem. [7M]
b) In a normal distribution, 25% of the items are under 40 and 12% of the items are [7M]
over 72. Find the mean S.D. of the distribution.
Or
6 a) From a lot of 10 items containing 3 defectives, a sample of 4 items is drawn at [7M]
random. Let the random variable X denote the number of defective items in the
sample. Find the probability distribution of X when the sample is drawn without
replacement.
b) The probability that a man hitting a target is 1/3. If he fires 6 times, find the [7M]
probability that he fires (i) at most 5 times (ii) Exactly once (iii) At least two times.

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Code No: R2022051 R20 SET - 2

UNIT-IV
7 a) A random sample of 350 points on a heated plate resulted in an average temperature [7M]
of 68.45 degrees Fahrenheit with a standard deviation of 1.56 degree Fahrenheit.
Find a 95% confidence interval for the average temperature of the plate.
b) What is the size of the smallest sample required to estimate an unknown proportion [7M]
to within a maximum error of 0.06 with at least 95% confidence.
Or
8 a) Explain point and interval estimations. [7M]
b) A research worker wants to determine the average time it takes a mechanic to rotate [7M]
the tyres of a car and he wants to be able to assert with 98.5%. Confidence that the
mean of his sample is off by at most 0.5 minutes. If he can presume from past
experience that  = 1.6  , how large a sample will have to take?
UNIT-V
9 a) Explain the types of errors in sampling. [7M]
b) A sample of 64 students have a mean weight of 70 kgs, Can this be regarded as a [7M]
sample from a population with mean weight 56 kgs and standard deviation 25 kgs
with level of significance 0.05 ?
Or
10 a) Write about [7M]
(i) critical region
(ii) level of significance
(iii) critical value
b) In a big city 285 men out of 550 men were found to be smokers. Does this [7M]
information support the conclusion that the majority of men in this city are smokers?

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 : No: R2022051
Code R20 SET - 3
II B. Tech II Semester Regular/Supplementary Examinations, July - 2023
PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS
(Common to CSE, CST, CSD, CSE(AIML), CSE(AI), CSE(DS), CSE(AI&DS), CSE(AI&ML), CSE(CS),
CSE(DS), CSE(IOTCSIBCT), CSE(CSBS), CSE(IOT), AI&DS, CS, & AI&ML)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions each Question from each unit
All Questions carry Equal Marks
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
UNIT-I
1 a) Discuss various methods of collecting primary data. [7M]
b) Calculate the standard deviation for the following distribution. [7M]
X 4 8 11 17 20 24 32
F 3 5 9 5 4 3 1
Or
2 a) The coefficients of variations of two distributions are 60 and 70 and their standard [7M]
deviations are 21 and 16 respectively. Find their arithmetic means.
b) Calculate Karl pearsons coefficient of skewness for the following data: [7M]
Variable 0-5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35 35-40
Frequency 2 5 7 13 21 16 8 3
UNIT-II
3 a) Fit a straight line to the data given below: [7M]
X 1 3 5 7 9
y 1.5 2.8 4.0 4.7 6.0
b) Calculate the coefficient of correlation between X and Y from the following data. [7M]
X 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Y 2 4 5 3 8 6 7
Or
4 a) Following are the ranks obtained by 10 students in two subjects, Statistics and [7M]
Mathematics. To what extent the knowledge of the students in two subjects is
related?
Statistics 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Mathematics 2 4 1 5 3 9 7 10 6 8
b) Find the curve of best fit of the type y=a  [7M]
X 1 5 7 9 12
y 10 15 12 15 21
UNIT-III
5 a) The probability of a man hitting a target is ¼. If he fixes 7 times, what is the [7M]
probability of hitting the target at least twice.
b) Average number of accidents on any day on a national highway is 1.6. Determine [7M]
the probability that the number of accidents are (i) at least one (ii) at most one.
Or

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Code No: R2022051 R20 SET - 3

6 a) A sample of 3 items is selected at random from a box containing 10 items of which [7M]
4 are defective. Find the excepted number of defective items.
b) If X is a normal variate with mean 30 and standard deviation 5. Find P(26≤x≤40) [7M]
UNIT-IV
7 a) Define: t , F and chai square test. [7M]
b) Among 100 fish caught in a large lake, 18 were inedible due to the pollution of the [7M]
environment. With what confidence can we assert that the error of this estimate is at
most 0.065?
Or
8 a) Show that ̅ is an unbiased estimator of the population mean µ [7M]
b) A random sample of 400 items is found to have mean 82 and S.D of 18. Find the [7M]
maximum error of estimation at 95% confidence interval. Find the confidence limits
for the mean if ̅ =82.
UNIT-V
9 a) In a random sample of 60 nworkers, the average time taken by them to get to work [7M]
is 33.8 minutes with a standard deviation of 6.1 minutes. Can we reject the null
hypothesis is µ = 32.6 minutes in favour of alternative null hypothesis µ> 32.6 at
α =0.025 level of significance.
b) Explain one tailed and two tailed tests with an example each. [7M]
Or
10 a) In a random sample of 125 cool drinkers, 68 said they prefer thumsup to pepsi. Test [7M]
the null hypothesis p =0.5 against the alternative hypothesis P>0.5.

b) A random sample of 500 pineapples was taken from a large consignment and 65 [7M]
were found to be bad. Find the percentage of bad pineapples in consignment.

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Code No: R2022051 R20 SET - 4

II B. Tech II Semester Regular/Supplementary Examinations, July - 2023

PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS
(Common to CSE, CST, CSD, CSE(AIML), CSE(AI), CSE(DS), CSE(AI&DS), CSE(AI&ML), CSE(CS),
CSE(DS), CSE(IOTCSIBCT), CSE(CSBS), CSE(IOT), AI&DS, CS, & AI&ML)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions, each Question from each unit
All Questions carry Equal Marks
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
UNIT-I
1 a) What are the types of Big data visualization categories. Explain Bar graph. [7M]
b) Find the variance and standard deviation of the following data. [7M]
5,12,3,18,6,8,2,10.
Or
2 a) Calculate Karl pearson’s coefficient of skewness for the following data: [7M]
25,15,23,40,27,25,23,25,20.
b) Explain the terms i) Lepto Kurtie (ii) Meso Kurtie (iii) Platy Kurtie. [7M]
UNIT-II
3 a) Determine the equation of a straight line which best fits the data. [7M]
X 10 12 13 16 17 20 25
Y 10 22 24 27 29 33 37
b) Define Rank correlation coefficient and List the properties. [7M]
Or
4 a) The equations of two regression lines are 7x-16y+9 =0 and 5y -4x -3 = 0. Find the [7M]
coefficient of correlation and the means of x and y.
b) Calculate the coefficient of correlation between X and Y. [7M]
X 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Y 12 11 13 15 14 17 16 19 18
UNIT-III
5 a) In a factory, machine a produces 40% of the output and machine B produces 60%. [7M]
On the average, 9 items in 1000 produced by a are defective and 1 item in 250
produced by B is defective. An item drawn at random from a day’s output is
defective. What is the probability that it was produced by A or B?
b) A random variables X has the following probability function [7M]
X 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
P(X) k 3k 5k 7k 9k 11k 13k
Find K ? (ii)What will be the minimum value of k so that P(X≤2)>0.3?
Or
6 a) Define : (i) Binomial (ii) Poission (iii) Uniform and (iv) Normal distributions. [7M]
b) Derive Mean of Normal distribution. [7M]

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Code No: R2022051 R20 SET - 4

UNIT-IV
7 a) Find 95% confidence limits for the mean of a normality distributed population from [7M]
which the following sample was taken 15,17,10,18,16,9,7,11,13,14.
b) The mean of random sample is an unbiased estimate of the mean of the population [7M]
3,6,9,15,27. Then List the possible samples of size 3 that can be taken without
replacement from the finite population.
Or
8 a) A random sample of 125 teachers in a large metropolitan area revealed a mean [7M]
weekly salary of Rs. 527 with a standard deviation Rs. 45. With what degree of
confidence can we assert that the average weekly salary of all teachers in the
metropolitan area is between 495 to 532?
b) In a random sample of 100 packages shipped by air freight 13 had some damage, [7M]
Construct 95% confidence interval for the true proportion of damage package.
UNIT-V
9 a) A sample of 100 iron bars is said to be drawn from a large number of bars whose [7M]
lengths are normally distributed with mean 4 feet and S.D. 0.6 feet. If the sample
mean is 4.2 feet. can the sample be regarded as a truly random sample.
b) Experience had shown that 20% of a manufactured product is of the top quality. In [7M]
one day’s production of 400 articles only 50 are of top quality. Test the hypothesis
at 0.05 level.
Or
10 a) Write the test statistic for (i) the test of significance for single mean (ii) for the test [7M]
of significance for single proportion and (iii) difference of means.
b) The means of two large samples of sizes 1000 and 2000 members are 67.5 inches [7M]
and 68.0 inches respectively. Can these samples be regarded as drawn from the same
population of S.D. 2.5 inches?

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 : No: R2022051
Code R20 SET - 1
II B. Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, December - 2022
PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS
(Common to CSE, CST, CSE(AIML), CSE(AI), CSE(DS), CSE(AIDS), CSE(CS), CSE(IOTCSIBCT),
CSE(CSBS), CSE(IOT), AIDS, CS, & AIML)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions each Question from each unit
All Questions carry Equal Marks
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
UNIT--I
1 a) Calculate the mean of the following data [7M]
Marks 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60
No of 12 18 27 20 17 6
students
b) Calculate the standard deviation of the following data [7M]
C.I 2.5-7.5 7.5-12.5 12.5-17.5 17.5-22.5
frequency 12 28 65 121
Or
2 a) Write a short note on primary and secondary data in statistic with examples. [7M]
b) A frequency distribution gave the following results (i) coefficient of variation is 5 [7M]
(ii) Pearson coefficient of Skewness is 0.5 and S.D(𝜎) = 2 then find mean and
mode of the distribution.
UNIT--II
x
3 a) Fit the curve y = ab for the following data [7M]
x 1 2 3 4
y 4 11 35 100
b) Calculate the Rank correlation from the following data. [7M]
x 4 3 8 4 8 8 10
y 6 4 6 4 1 2 2
Or
4 a) Fit the curve y = ax + b for the following data [7M]
x 1 2 3 4 5
y 4 3 6 7 11
b) The equations of two regression lines are 7𝑥 − 16𝑦 + 9 = 0, 5𝑦 − 4𝑥 − 3 = 0, find [7M]
the coefficient of correlation and the means of x and y.
UNIT--III
5 a) For the continuous random variable 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 6𝑥 (1 − 𝑥) , 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1 [7M]
(i) Check that f(x) is a p.d.f
(ii) Determine ‘b’ such that 𝑃(𝑥 < 𝑏) = 𝑃(𝑥 > 𝑏)
b) Six coins are tossed 100 times, using Binomial distribution; find the probability of [7M]
getting four heads in 25 times.
Or

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 : No: R2022051
Code R20 SET - 1

6 a) A speaks truth 4 out of 5 times .A die is tossed .He report that there is a six. What is [7M]
the chance that actually there were six?
b) Fit the Poisson distribution for the following data [7M]
x 0 1 2 3 4 5
f 147 147 74 25 6 1
UNIT--IV
7 Samples of size 2 are taken from the population Let S = 1,5,6,8 , without replacement [14M]
find the following :
i. The mean of the population
ii. The standard deviation of the population
iii. Mean of the sampling distribution of means
iv The standard deviation of the sampling distribution of means
Or
8 a) A random sample of 40 taken from infinite population having mean 513 and S.D of [7M]
31.5 . What is the probability that 𝑥̅ will be between 510 and 520.
b) A random sample of 100 is taken from a population with mean 21.6 and S.D 5.1. [7M]
Construct 95% confidence interval for the population mean.
UNIT--V
9 a) A random sample of 160 workers exposed to certain amount radiation, 24 [7M]
experienced ill effect .Test the claim that the proportion p =0.2 at 5% level of
significance.
b) A die is thrown 100 times with the following results. Test whether the die is biased [7M]
at 5% level.
No on the 1 2 3 4 5 6
die
Frequency 10 12 24 16 20 18
Or
10 a) In a sample of 600 students 400 students’ use ball pens in another sample of 900 [7M]
students 450 are used ball pens. Test whether two samples are significantly differ
with respect to use ball pens at 10% level.
b) Find the maximum difference that we can expect with probability 0.95 between the [7M]
means of sample sizes 10 and 12 from normal population if their standard deviations
are found to be 2 and 3 respectively.

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 : No: R2022051
Code R20 SET - 1
II B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, June/July - 2022
PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS
(Common to CSE, CST, CSE(AIML), CSE(AI), CSE(DS), CSE(AIDS), CSE(CS), CSE(IOTCSIBCT),
CSE(CSBS), CSE(IOT), AIDS, & AIML)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions each Question from each unit
All Questions carry Equal Marks
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1 a) What are the main methods of collecting primary data? State briefly the [7M]
advantages and disadvantages of each.
b) What do you understand by skewness. What are the various methods of measuring [7M]
skewness?
Or
2 a) What do you understand by a measure of dispersion ? What purpose does a [6M]
measure of dispersion serve ?
b) Calculate the mean and standard deviation for the following table giving the age [8M]
distribution of 542 members.
20 - 30 - 40 - 50 - 60 - 70 - 80 -
Age (in years)
30 40 50 60 70 80 90
No. of
3 61 132 153 140 51 2
members

3 a) Calculate correlation coefficient to the following data ; [7M]

x 10 15 12 17 13 16 24 14 22 20
y 30 42 45 46 33 34 40 35 39 38
b) Fit an exponential curve of the form y = ab x to the following data: [7M]
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
y 1.0 1.2 1.8 2.5 3.6 4.7 6.6 9.1
Or
4 a) Obtain the equations of two lines of regression for the following data. Also obtain [10M]
the estimate of X for Y = 70.
X 65 66 67 67 68 69 70 72
Y 67 68 65 68 72 72 69 71

b) State the principle of least squares and write the normal equations for the fitting of [4M]
the Straight line.

5 a) The probability that a turbine will have a defective coil is 0.10, the probability that [7M]
it will have defective blades is 0.15, and the probability that it will have both
defects is 0.04.
(i) What is the probability that a turbine will have one of these defects?
(ii) What is the probability that a turbine will have either of these defects?
b) A shipment of 20 similar laptop computers to a retail outlet contains 3 that are [7M]
defective. If a school makes a random purchase of 2 of these computers, find the
probability distribution for the number of defectives.
Or

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 :
Code No:R2022051 R20 SET - 1

6 a) The diameter of an electric cable, sayX, is assumed to be a continuous random [8M]

variable with p.d.f. f ( x ) = 6 x ( 1 − x ) , 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 .
(i) Check that f ( x ) is p.d.f., and
(ii) Determine a number b such that P ( X < b ) = P ( X > b ) .
b) Given a standard normal distribution, find the area under the curve that lies [6M]
(i) to the right of z = 1.84 and
(ii) between z = −1.97 and z = 0.86.

7 a) Define Population and sample with examples. [6M]

b) For a chi-squared distribution, find [8M]
2
(i) χ 0.025 when v = 15 ;
2
(ii) χ 0.01 when v = 7 .
Or
8 The pulse rate of 50 yoga practitioners decreased on the average by 20.2 [14M]
beats/minute with s.d. of 3.5. (a) If x = 20.2 is used as a point estimate of the true
average decrease in the pulse rate, what can we assert with 95% confidence about
the maximum error E. (b)Construct 99% confidence intervals for the true average
decrease in pulse rate.

9 a) A random sample of 100 recorded deaths in the United States during the past [7M]
year showed an average life span of 71.8 years. Assuming a population standard
deviation of 8.9 years, does this seem to indicate that the mean life span today is
greater than 70 years? Use a 0.05 level of significance.
b) An urban community would like to show that the incidence of breast cancer is [7M]
higher in their area than in a nearby rural area. If it is found that 20 of 200 adult
women in the urban community have breast cancer and 10 of 150 adult women in
the rural community have breast cancer, can we conclude at the 0.05 level of
significance that breast cancer is more prevalent in the urban community?
Or
10 a) Past experience indicates that the time required for high school seniors to [7M]
complete a standardized test is a normal random variable with a mean of 35
minutes. If a random sample of 20 high school seniors took an average of 33.1
minutes to complete this test with a standard deviation of 4.3 minutes, test the
hypothesis, at the 0.05 level of significance, that µ = 35 minutes against the
alternative that µ < 35 minutes.
b) A manufacturer claims that the average tensile strength of thread A exceeds the [7M]
average tensile strength of thread B by at least 12 kilograms. To test this claim, 50
pieces of each type of thread were tested under similar conditions. Type A thread
had an average tensile strength of 86.7 kilograms with a standard deviation of 6.28
kilograms, while type B thread had an average tensile strength of 77.8 kilograms
with a standard deviation of 5.61 kilograms. Test the manufacturer’s claim using a
0.05 level of significance.

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 : No:R2022051
Code R20 SET - 2
II B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, June/July - 2022
PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS
(Common to CSE, CST, CSE(AIML), CSE(AI), CSE(DS), CSE(AIDS), CSE(CS), CSE(IOTCSIBCT),
CSE(CSBS), CSE(IOT), AIDS, CS, & AIML)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions each Question from each unit
All Questions carry Equal Marks
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1 a) Distinguish between primary and secondary data and discuss the various methods of [7M]
collecting primary data.
b) What do you understand by skewness and kurtosis? Point out their role in analyzing a [7M]
frequency distribution.
Or
2 a) What do you understand by dispersion? Explain briefly the various methods used for [7M]
measuring dispersion.
b) Calculate the coefficient of skewness based on mean and median from the following [7M]
distribution
Class 0- 10 - 20 – 30 - 40 - 50 - 60 - 70 -
interval 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Frequency 6 12 22 48 56 32 18 6

3 a) Obtain the correlation coefficient for the following data : [7M]

x 48 60 72 62 56 40 39 52 30
y 62 78 65 70 38 54 60 32 31
b) Fit a parabola y = a + bx + cx 2 to the following data: [7M]
x 2 4 6 8 10
y 3.07 12.85 31.47 57.38 91.29
Or
4 a) In a partially destroyed laboratory, record of an analysis of correlation data, the [8M]
following only are legible: Variance of X = 9, Regression equations:
8 X − 10Y + 66 = 0 , 40 X − 18Y = 214 .What are: (i) the mean values X and Y ,
(ii) the correlation coefficient between X and Y, and (iii) the standard deviation of Y?
b) The ranks of same 16 students in Mathematics and Physics are as follows. Two [6M]
numbers within brackets denote the ranks of the students in Mathematics and
Physics: ( 1,1) (2,10) (3,3) (4,4) (5,5) (6,7) (7,2) (8,6) (9,8) (10,11) (11,15)
(12,9) (13,14) (14,12) (15,16) (16,13) .Calculate the rank correlation coefficient for
proficiencies of this group in Mathematics and Physics.
5 a) The probability that a construction company will get the tender for constructing a [7M]
flyover is 0.33, the probability that it will get the tender for constructing an underpass
is 0.28, and the probability that it will get both tenders is 0.13.
(i) What is the probability that it will get at least one tender?
(ii) What is the probability that it will get neither tender?
b) Find the mean and the variance of the uniform probability distribution given by [7M]
1
f ( x) = for x = 1 , 2 ,3 , . . . , n .
n
Or
1 of 3
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Code No:R2022051 R20 SET - 2

6 a) Find the probabilities that a random variable having the standard normal distribution [7M]
will take on a value
(i) between 0.87 and 1.28;
(ii) between −0.34 and 0.62;
(iii) greater than 0.85;
(iv) greater than −0.65.
b) In a certain industrial facility, accidents occur infrequently. It is known that the [7M]
probability of an accident on any given day is 0.005 and accidents are independent of
each other.
(i) What is the probability that in any given period of 400 days there will be an
accident on one day?
(ii) What is the probability that there are at most three days with an accident?

7 a) State the Central limit theorem. [4M]

b) For an F -distribution , find [10M]
i) F0.05with ν1= 7 and ν2= 15;
ii) F0.01with ν1= 24 and ν2= 19;
iii) F0.95with ν1= 19 and ν2= 24;
iv) F0.99with ν1= 28 and ν2= 12.
Or
8 a) Assuming that the population standard deviation is 0.3, calculate the (i) 95% and (ii) [7M]
99% confidence intervals for the mean lead concentration in a river if the mean lead
concentration recovered from a sample of lead measurements in 36 different
locations is 2.6 gms/ml.
b) The contents of seven similar containers of sulfuric acid are 9.8, 10.2, 10.4, 9.8, [7M]
10.0, 10.2, and 9.6 liters. Find a 95% confidence interval for the mean contents of
all such containers, assuming an approximately normal distribution.

9 a) A manufacturer of sports equipment has developed a new synthetic fishing line that [7M]
the company claims has a mean breaking strength of 8 kilograms with a standard
deviation of 0.5 kilogram. Test the hypothesis that µ = 8 kilograms against the
alternative that µ ≠ 8 kilograms if a random sample of 50 lines is tested and found
to have a mean breaking strength of 7.8 kilograms. Use a 0.01 level of significance.

b) A commonly prescribed drug for relieving nervous tension is believed to be only [7M]
60% effective. Experimental results with a new drug administered to a random
sample of 100 adults who were suffering from nervous tension show that 70 received
relief. Is this sufficient evidence to conclude that the new drug is superior to the
one commonly prescribed? Use a 0.05 level of significance.
Or

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Code No:R2022051 R20 SET - 2

10 a) A vote is to be taken among the residents of a town and the surrounding county [7M]
to determine whether a proposed chemical plant should be constructed. The
construction site is within the town limits, and for this reason many voters in the
county believe that the proposal will pass because of the large proportion of town
voters who favor the construction. To determine if there is a significant difference
in the proportions of town voters and county voters favoring the proposal, a poll is
taken. If 120 of 200 town voters favour the proposal and 240 of 500 county residents
favor it, would you agree that the proportion of town voters favoring the proposal is
higher than the proportion of county voters? Use an α = 0.05 level of significance.

b) It is claimed that automobiles are driven on average more than 20,000 kilometers per [7M]
year. To test this claim, 100 randomly selected automobile owners are asked to keep
a record of the kilometers they travel. Would you agree with this claim if the random
sample showed an average of 23,500 kilometers and a standard deviation of 3900
kilometers?

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Code No:R2022051 R20 SET - 3
II B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, June/July - 2022
PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS
(Common to CSE, CST, CSE(AIML), CSE(AI), CSE(DS), CSE(AIDS), CSE(CS), CSE(IOTCSIBCT),
CSE(CSBS), CSE(IOT), AIDS, CS, & AIML)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions each Question from each unit
All Questions carry Equal Marks
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1 a) Explain the various methods that are used in the collection of primary data pointing [7M]
out their merits and demerits.
b) The following table shows the marks obtained by 100 candidates in an [7M]
examination. Calculate the mean and standard deviation:
Marks obtained 1 - 10 11 - 20 21 - 30 31 - 40 41 - 50 51 - 60
No. of candidates 3 16 26 31 16 8

Or
2 a) Define the various measures of central tendency. What purposes do these [6M]
measurements serve.
b) Obtain Karl Pearson's measure of skewness for the following data: [8M]
Values 5 - 10 10 - 15 15 - 20 20 - 25 25 -30 30 - 35 35 -40
Frequency 6 8 17 21 15 11 2
3 a) Two random variables have the regression lines with equations 3 x + 2 y = 26 and [7M]
6 x + y = 31 .Find the means values and the correlation co-efficient between
x and y .
b) Fit a polynomial of the second degree to the form y = a + bx + cx 2 to the following [7M]
data by the method of least squares:
x 0 1 2 3 4
y 1 0 3 10 21
Or
4 a) A sample of 12 fathers and their eldest sons gave the following data about their [7M]
height in inches:
Father 65 63 67 64 68 62 70 66 68 67 69 71
Son 68 66 68 65 69 66 68 65 71 67 68 70
Calculate coefficient of rank correlation.
b) Write the properties of regression coefficients. [7M]
5 a) Two cards are drawn at random from an ordinary deck of 52 playing cards. What is [7M]
the probability of getting two aces if
(i) the first card is replaced before the second card is drawn;
(ii)the first card is not replaced before the second card is drawn?
b) It is known that 5% of the books bound at a certain bindery have defective [7M]
bindings. Find the probability that 2 of 100 books bound by this bindery will have
defective bindings using
(i) the formula for the binomial distribution;
(ii)the Poisson approximation to the binomial distribution.
Or

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Code No:R2022051 R20 SET - 3

6 a) A continuous random variable Xhas a p.d.f. f ( x ) = 3 x 2 , 0 ≤ x ≤ 1. . Find a and b [7M]

such that (i) P ( X ≤ a ) = P ( X > a ) ,and(ii) P ( X > b ) = 0.05 .
b) In a certain city district, the need for money to buy drugs is stated as the reason for [7M]
75% of all thefts. Find the probability that among the next 5 theft cases reported in
this district,
(i) exactly 2 resulted from the need for money to buydrugs;
(ii) at most 3 resulted from the need for money to buy drugs.

7 a) Find the value of F0.95 for ν1= 10 and ν2= 20 degrees of freedom. [7M]
b) Determine 99% confidence interval for the mean of contents of soft drink bottles if [7M]
contents of 7 such soft drink bottles are 10.2, 10.4, 9.8, 10.0, 9.8, 10.2, 9.6 ml.
Or
8 The efficiency expert of a computer company tested 40 engineers to estimate the [14M]
average time it takes to assemble a certain computer component, getting a mean of
12.73 minutes and s.d. of 2.06 minutes. (a) If x = 12.73 is used as a point estimate
of the actual average time required to perform the task, determine the maximum
error with 99% confidence (b) construct 98% confidence intervals for the true
average time it takes to do the job (c) with what confidence can we assert that the
sample mean does not differ from the true mean by more than 30 seconds.

9 a) A random sample of 64 bags of white cheddar popcorn weighed, on average, 5.23 [7M]
ounces with a standard deviation of 0.24 ounce. Test the hypothesis that µ = 5.5
ounces against the alternative hypothesis, µ < 5.5 ounces, at the 0.05 level of
significance.
b) An experiment was performed to compare the abrasive wear of two different [7M]
laminated materials. Twelve pieces of material 1 were tested by exposing each
piece to a machine measuring wear. Ten pieces of material 2 were similarly tested.
In each case, the depth of wear was observed. The samples of material 1 gave an
average(coded) wear of 85 units with a sample standard deviation of 4, while the
samples of material 2 gave an average of 81 with a sample standard deviation of 5.
Can we conclude at the 0.05 level of significance that the abrasive wear of material
1exceeds that of material 2 by more than 2 units? Assume the populations to be
approximately normal with equal variances.
Or
10 a) A commonly prescribed drug for relieving nervous tension is believed to be only [7M]
60% effective. Experimental results with a new drug administered to a random
sample of 100 adults who were suffering from nervous tension show that 70
received relief. Is this sufficient evidence to conclude that the new drug is superior
to the one commonly prescribed? Use a 0.05 level of significance.
b) Test the hypothesis that the average content of containers of a particular lubricant [7M]
is 10 liters if the contents of a random sample of 10 containers are 10.2, 9.7, 10.1,
10.3, 10.1, 9.8, 9.9, 10.4, 10.3, and 9.8 liters. Use a 0.01 level of significance and
assume that the distribution of contents is normal.

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Code No:R2022051 R20 SET - 4

II B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, June/July - 2022

PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS
(Common to CSE, CST, CSE(AIML), CSE(AI), CSE(DS), CSE(AIDS), CSE(CS), CSE(IOTCSIBCT),
CSE(CSBS), CSE(IOT), AIDS, CS, & AIML)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions each Question from each unit
All Questions carry Equal Marks
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1 a) Distinguish between primary source and secondary source of statistical data. What [7M]
precautions would you take before using data from a secondary source?
b) Calculate the quartile coefficient of skewness from the following data: [7M]
70 -
Weight (lbs) 80 - 90 90 - 100 100 - 110 110 - 120 120 - 130 130 - 140 140 - 150
80
No. of
12 18 35 42 50 45 20 8
persons
Or
2 a) What is meant by measures of central tendency? What are the characteristics of a [7M]
good measure of central tendency?
b) Assume that a firm has selected a random sample of 100 from its production line [7M]
and has obtain the data shown in the table below:
Class 130- 135-
140-144 145-149 150-154 155-159 160-164
interval 134 139
Frequency 3 12 21 28 19 12 5
Compute the following: (i) The arithmetic mean, (ii) The standard deviation.

3 a) Calculate the correlation coefficient for the following heights(in inches) of fathers [7M]
(X) and their sons (Y):
X 65 66 67 67 68 69 70 72
Y 67 68 65 68 72 72 69 71
b) Find the normal equations for fitting of the parabola y = a + bx + cx 2 to a set of n [7M]
points.
Or
4 a) Fit the curve of the form y = ae to the following data:
bx [8M]
x 77 100 185 239 285
y 2.4 3.4 7.0 11.1 19.6
b) Explain the difference between the correlation coefficient and rank correlation [6M]
coefficient.

5 a) Among 40 condensers produced by a machine, 6 are defective. If we randomly [6M]

check 5 condensers, what are the probabilities that
(i) none are defective;
(ii) all are defective?

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 :
Code No:R2022051 R20 SET - 4

b) A total of 46 percent of the voters in a certain city classify themselves as [8M]

Independents, whereas 30percent classify themselves as Liberals and 24 percent say
that they are Conservatives. In a recent local election, 35 percent of the
Independents, 62percent of the Liberals, and 58 percent of the Conservatives voted.
A voter is chosen at random. Given that this person voted in the local election, what
is the probability that he or she is (i) an Independent?(ii) a Liberal?(iii) a
Conservative?.
Or
6 a) If the probability density of a random variable is given by [7M]
 (k + 2) x , 0 < x < 10
3
f ( x) = 
 0 , elsewhere
find the value k and the probability that the random variable takes on a value
(a) greater than 3 / 4 ; (b) between 1/ 3 and 2 / 3 .
b) The probability that a certain kind of component will survive a shock test is [7M]
3/4.Find the probability that exactly 2 of the next 4 components tested survive.

7 a) We know that silk fibers are very tough but in short supply. Engineers are making [7M]
breakthroughs to create synthetic silk fibers that can improve everything from car
bumpers to bullet-proof vests or to make artificial blood vessels . One research
group reports the summary statistics n = 18 , x = 22.6 , s = 15.7 for the toughness
(MJ/m3) of processed fibers. Construct a 95% confidence interval for the mean
toughness of these fibers. Assume that the population is normal.
b) Find the values of [7M]
(i) F0.95 for 15 and 12 degrees of freedom;
(ii) F0.99 for 5 and 20 degrees of freedom.
Or
8 a) Using the mean of a random sample of size 150 to estimate the mean mechanical [7M]
aptitude of mechanics of a large workshop and assuming σ = 6.2 , what can we
assert with 0.99 probability about the maximum size of the error.
b) The average zinc concentration recovered from a sample of measurements taken [7M]
in 36 different locations in a river is found to be 2.6 grams per milliliter. Find
the 95% and 99% confidence intervals for the mean zinc concentration in the river.
Assume that the population standard deviation is 0.3 gram per milliliter.

9 a) An electrical firm manufactures light bulbs that have a lifetime that is [7M]
approximately normally distributed with a mean of 800 hours and a standard
deviation of 40 hours. Test the hypothesis that µ = 800 hours against the alternative,
µ ≠ 800 hours, if a random sample of 30 bulbs has an average life of 788 hours.

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Code No:R2022051 R20 SET - 4

b) In a study to estimate the proportion of residents in a certain city and its suburbs [7M]
who favor the construction of a nuclear power plant, it is found that63 of 100 urban
residents favor the construction while only 59 of 125 suburban residents are in
favor. Is there a significant difference between the proportions of urban and
suburban residents who favor construction of the nuclear plant at 1% level ?
Or
10 a) In a study conducted by the Department of Human Nutrition and Foods at Virginia [7M]
Tech, the following data were recorded on sorbic acid residuals, in parts per
million, in ham immediately after dipping in a sorbate solution and after 60 days of
storage:

Sorbic Acid Residuals in Ham

Slice Before Storage After Storage
1 224 116
2 270 96
3 400 239
4 444 329
5 590 437
6 660 597
7 1400 689
8 680 576

Assuming the populations to be normally distributed, is there sufficient evidence, at

the 0.05 level of significance, to say that the length of storage influences sorbic acid
residual concentrations?
b) A builder claims that heat pumps are installed in 70% of all homes being [7M]
constructed today in the city of Richmond, Virginia. Would you agree with this
claim if a random survey of new homes in this city showed that 8 out of 15 had heat
pumps installed? Use a 0.10 level of significance.

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Code No: R1922051 R19 SET - 1

II B. Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, February - 2022

PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS
(Com to CSE, IT)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 75
Answer any FIVE Questions each Question from each unit
All Questions carry Equal Marks
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

1 a) Show that sum of deviations about arithmetic mean is zero [8M]

b) Calculate the mean for the following data [7M]
C.I 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35 35-40
freque 6 8 17 21 15 11 2
ncy
Or
2 a) Define Karl Pearson’s coefficients γ1 and γ2 and discuss their utility in statistics. [7M]
b) Calculate the Upper and lower quartiles for the following data. [8M]
C.I 0-4 4-8 8-12 21-14 14-18 18-22 22-26 26-30
Frequ 10 12 18 7 5 3 4 6
ency

3 a) Fit the curve y = axb for the following data [8M]

x 1 2 3 4 5
y 4 7 10 15 25
b) Calculate the Rank correlation from the following data. [7M]
x 3 5 8 4 7 7 10
y 6 4 9 8 1 2 3
Or
4 a) Fit the curve y = ax + b for the following data [7M]
x 40 50 60 70 80
y 600.5 600.6 600.8 600.9 601
b) Calculate the coefficient of correlation from the following data. [8M]
x 15 18 20 24 30 35 40 50
y 85 93 95 105 120 130 150 160

5 a) A fair coin is tossed until head, or five tails occurs then find (i) the distribution [7M]
(ii) mean
b) If 2% bulbs are defective then find (i) P(X≥1) (ii) P( 1 < X< 4) in a sample of 50. [8M]

Or
6 a) The three machines I ,II , III produces 40% , 30% , 30% of the items in a factory. [8M]
The percentage of defective items produced by three machines are 4%, 2% , 3%
respectively . If any item is selected what is the probability of that it is defective.
b) Suppose the weight of 800 male students is normally distributed with mean 140 [7M]
and S.D 10 kgs. Then find the number of students whose weights are (i) between
125 and 150 (ii) more than 145.
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Code No: R1922051 R19 SET - 1

7 Samples of size 2 are taken from the population 2,3, 6, 8 without replacement. Find [15M]
(i) The mean of the population
(ii) The standard deviation of the population
(iii) Mean of the sampling distribution of means
(iv) The standard deviation of the sampling distribution of means
Or
8 a) The mean voltage of a battery is 15 and S.D 0.2. Find the probability that four [8M]
such batteries connected in series will have combined voltage of 60.8 or more
volts.
b) Among 100 fish caught in a large lake, 18 were inedible due to the pollution of [7M]
the environment. With what confidence can we assert that the error of this
estimate is at most 0.65.

9 a) Test the significance of two variances at 1% level of significance for the [7M]
following data :
Sample A 24 27 26 23 25
Sample B 29 30 30 30 24 36
b) A sample of 26 machines given mean life of 90 hrs with S.D 20 hrs. The [8M]
manufacturer claims that mean life of the machine was 100 hrs. Do the claim is
valid test at 5% level.
Or
10 a) In a hospital 480 females and 520 male babies were born in a week. Do these [7M]
information conform male and female are born equal in number test at 5% level.
b) Test the claim at 5% level whether the training programme in a college was [8M]
effective for the following data.
Before 40 70 45 120 35 55 77
training
After 35 65 42 116 33 50 73
training

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Code No: R1922051 R19 SET - 1

II B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, August/September - 2021

PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS
(Com to CSE, IT)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 75
Answer any FIVE Questions each Question from each unit
All Questions carry Equal Marks
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

1 a) What is grouped and ungrouped frequency distribution? what are their uses [8M]
b) Calculate the Standard deviation of the distribution. [7M]
Class 2-8 6-12 12-18 18-24
interval

Frequency 2 8 3 2
Or
2 a) Explain dispersion with suitable examples and also explain the merits and [7M]
demerits of the dispersion.
b) Calculate the median for the following data [8M]
C.I 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35 35-40
freque 6 8 17 21 15 11 2
ncy
3 a) Fit the curve y = abx for the following data [8M]
x 1 2 3 4 5 6
y 151 100 61 50 20 8
b) Calculate the coefficient of correlation from the following data. [7M]
x 12 9 8 10 11 13 7
y 14 8 6 9 11 12 3
Or
2
4 a) Fit the curve y = a + bx+ cx for the following data [7M]
x 0 1 2 3 4
y 1 1.8 1.3 2.5 6.3
b) Calculate the Rank correlation from the following data. [8M]
x 9 8 7 6 5 5 4
y 15 16 14 13 12 12 11
5 a) Two digits are selected random from 1 to 9 then find the probability that [7M]
(i) If sum is odd that 2 is selected as one of the numbers
(ii) If 2 is one of the numbers, then sum is odd
b) Find the mean and variance of the distribution. [8M]
ܿ‫ݔ‬ሺ2 − ‫ ݔ‬ሻ ݂݅ 0 ≤ ‫ ≤ ݔ‬2

݂ሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ = ൜
0 ݂݅ ‫ݐ݋‬ℎ݁‫݁ݏ݅ݓݎ‬
Or
6 a) Find E(2X-3) and Var(2X-3) for the following distribution. [8M]
X -2 -1 0 1 2
P(X) 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.1
b) Suppose 10% of the probability of Normal distribution is below 35 and 5% is [7M]
above 90. Then find the mean and variance of the distribution .
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Code No: R1922051 R19 SET - 1

7 Samples of size 2 are taken from the population 16 , 14, 12 , 8 without replacement. [15M]
Find
(i) The mean of the population
(ii) The standard deviation of the population
(iii) Mean of the sampling distribution of means
(iv) The standard deviation of the sampling distribution of means
Or
8 a) When we draw a sample from an infinite population what happens to the [8M]
standard error of means if the sample size (i) increased from 50 to 100 (ii)
decreased from 100 to 40.
b) In random sample of 100 packages shipped by the air freight 13 had some [7M]
damage. Construct 90% of confidence interval for true proportion of damage
package.
9 a) In two large populations 30% and 25% are beautiful faces. Is the difference [7M]
likely to be equal in a sample 1200 and 900 respectively from the two
populations at 1% level of significance.
b) The heights of 10 males are found to be 70, 67, 62, 68, 61, 68, 70, 64, 64, 66 . [8M]
Test the claim that the average height is greater than 64 at 5% level
Or
10 a) A mean life time of a sample of 100 bulbs is found to be 1560 hrs with a [7M]
population S.D of 90 hrs . Test the hypothesis at 5% level of significance that the
mean life time of bulbs is 1580hrs.
b) Test the weather is any association among Economic conditions and I.Q level of [8M]
1000 students in an university at 5% level.
Economic condition/I.Q High Low
Rich 460 140
Poor 240 160

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