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[hrc @ Patio Ta [T= 4243p! Std -Auyatios of rainfall Spex gnier f rainfall te Ap |—s chencohetn| 55 equal batven rv Ht ano if et —> then > rear = 2! # tp = Bb bp + ie |e =e) jo Clark model uses cancopt of [Mere -avea )% Histog ras L, JU oblained by ing ocainhall Cxcess + @ wach moda Cao)» using -vouling Armagh 0 Cascade of insoh Veeuoit In dinar resesvoly [see & Qouilien) erecta ( ai same areeeratel van tae Tay peau dighacge Vi Pada 0 » sae Excedante Frequency a Q avvang vane wise (mm) Te My Po My ae Coaifosnig meted ——— @ fente dicnayge Qe + Je Weiball method _om 4 ep =278Cp A Clotting position mettnd) = rH ye orig bect vecutt on5ep = ten 0500 N+) ibs [= US Cov pS Cakguni sett) P a ca Fastoritanans Wie Thy oy —7 SU P=Nnc, PYqn-¥ > occuranie prolo + =) cr PY p 1: { pte a4 “feline as vy Particodlay-ewent vi Neverhhappens( v= o) = 1-44 ingiven-Fimecpan nyers. 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Sate erner nm {2 4o veeconfidence, limit: =X Ftose Yoox — foe calves Caesign Peed) + = oblain From statighical certideration » Sag 4 Ftood of So year -Yetum period * eg Time of encentation —siy Kivpich ” a | cman) = oonage LO So 385 maregihet fA fos fro cenfiteretimit (ch | fo “peel (on) ae 6a] I DM > difievene io dtegtion Yao mest Yernsts point Se —> Pato ervor at © og cakdnment Poul = pe sere Bee w= b=|l+ UBM UL ey Typeof Freod © Standard projec | *Ftood From Snost Seuce— Food (spf) comvination oF diese 24 vite meteteolegica) Piydrolegial - sa 0 bo a “enaition A> maw: chege poiot eget Fata a thc use *[bot exctuding extremely B> max: cicormsepoio Lest sevewdamage- ave. cormbandion | + ination Tmax pee: Plecd |* SPF + €xveme vave cenginsic ® rare) + catashanichiad 2 Failutent Shes call cause loss of wife fan cof shopic damage Pap Gm) = Arig DOF Ns Grreaticl oR exteerne vain fal ‘Wen Aurvatieon physically Postibuove am akea .Attenuatin ey Moaitenuation only '% Tyrrantcoting | Viney eee Cicto ved xerting) (npg) ef(*) =f thw Suen storage > Unenv storage. gef (> P q=$" cin) spar heme. A pub X=0 in usa ighann stance ae contin « ongentin oul io aframn aesesveit eh Seah fegess Cohveannts 47) (eta cama coma, * Peoie ot outfiochy daegraph ‘allot, aap ies Intsxcetion. call ocauve ak poinkof snbiseion oF info amd atftoo wydograple fe in Foc digrage =o eiodishage ex. Freaky ofevaling spiny « ee Spuation Han Flocd OH /~ a o ‘mo mero (Gen) (Baga) tS ound nal Hytralegic eps vou seoyorscin ts se ‘Syoragerooing ipa uw) Hydvolejic chanel molieg “ge moctiyghamn meted 7 = eicdifiel p olcmeriol Orage Le sere “a g— std. 4h ord. avery L “vorgavatra mired s-folFQ) canen Badline parallel 4p watoycareac! Prisrngtorage_:- Gril) waza Cadi weagestorsefouctingham melted 3 Citytogic. han vulitg) Le storage time constant (diriencion ob View) S a= weightage factor | 2 § % $01 sfnca) sefr(0r@) fosguen each, Stosypdiped — groreye fully Grza.) mentee deyerd % Be tineavsesenvle Ty = cengant exponen (ai) formats one —) (228) we - Gate yote osirs 4 Ona Colq + Cain + Co And Caan {nin y Qa Coty ef, #4 { usin | bt Lsmall-pmoe intivea) more cates, ashificial redapplaecramel OG = ospt - bX MC\-x) + OS BE ocat + kx UQ-x) + oS SE Ge In Oh€vopovaliony Precipitation » < » Ocean land 5 frontal Cyclone = loco pressure cmilicyelone = Nighpressure comvective. = Tempaiffernee Oxoyvaphic = baxvier “Witromalcowlgial Fee Wvomeleowoaial_stalon. = © eainguged @ Mernametis @ anenwmetiy @ wivg aivection indicatoy © sunshine wecowd ey © Panevapoximeby @ Aneemduphorupls sevapoxtion > day + night { continuout proveee } “Treveption > during ony Aa tn teongpreliaat depend on groco'h of plarit *Intyception 5 Short tirm ¥elention of rain erleaves of vegetation. change in Storage (6S) = Intiowo— outfioo & - ual P-CR+E4T+ vegan Residence time > Aug duvation of particle. ofexilir topass Hrrough a phase of Hydrolegical acl. Order = Ocean Y Giobal gyAudti’y River y Aim. vapour sti if recidenetime/> > difficult Yopwedict tra “ Precicipitation Forms: AN forme of waby— Yeacnes +0 earth Fee abmosphere- majer> vain » snow vain | akon) Drain | (05-6 ‘ma ste C> Germ break uP vainyday AigntYoi” < 2.5 mm] bpy smoleval 2.5-7.5 b Weavg S415 sain mera Yengpuge| Plaviometis | orebxo: nyekemnay 4 retit Dsnowo ——— Drizale e Grane. Aarm-+-cold avers “| ce Fficient of variation (Cy) se sinmdia mainly rainy oregsaphic phen ieee y | 06 O15 Si ( ops O*)0 4m °° os geam| ce ai Jee Pn Pray spatioknipal vavialion = SAA x\o0 Greatly ase P +Avg- vate of anmval Yainfall > 3s—Hoyv@) “ig statndiq Annuct Average ‘infall > "3-3 Inderefeoelness = Rainfall in asiven.ar_ >. 199 {conve x100 4} 4 Annvaainfall loos 2> Normal yxar (monsoonrormal) Bad year P00) =7 Joodytar [ Raisian deficerney= 100 — marcoemness | Draugyit_:- - 1 MeLeveolagical | “Aneto 7 25-/-4i06i denay in ppt From normed Drous! Saipack > cuaireyde distor Cimbalarre } DNyenecgial [ifmebvectogialdweught canhnue Ger ousneé — |torgtime. - Tmpacdk > OowTs IO) dayingof lake » viver ,cisea™ C7 veductionof water Supply *Delicierty ofaatiy Gvailabi ly fos -\3- Agricole | 1 4 Plant ceacy mption 1 ; ese Relating in cvopyietd. a Lorpaet ropaiend ciaoa dough yeay 27 AMFecbdarveay 20). {4oialara. Aeovght Proncaya, = drowyht prob. 01 2-0-4 Momically dougnt = scrimu (70-4) Prone arta == : sAgricolhie avougn’ —odenats by Avidity Inay, = cay) AT= PET AET yi | —sfcaleutaiyouised PET — Biuecewwly Casts SAET > caleotibd by Thorns white caalin Balance Teh f 2 Seeding Raingauges 2 Tying acu ohio lt of siyetogeaph | Fe ivetege] * pair of Cucwel eden rainfall of 026mm 5 allel in A koduil 1k tips & Bringe fe othe ow. in Porting, PET> Blangyceiddlefoenmla , pomman eg” equal PET (Kopeth) steve eighing Guciat [ease curve. |* _ for AN rind of ppt Crain, snes) others Srdecty show Agricothine deaugirt \- mpishne availability fndex (maT) 2- paimey Index (palmerdxaugnt Sndex) Raingauge Enstaltaion cena 1 Levelted surface C nourdulation) { to reduce cand ePFect } z fits 3- putal sufficient negnt 40 prevout Splashirg > Floeaing 2- Fencing Foy raingaye somxsom 4— no objet Snal be Nearto ROI tnon { omer 5 2xheignt of obshuchon J Sothat waby enby Into Ror coltheuk awyolsbacta @ Rader- Natalya) oe Ploattype. Based Rust +127 rom diam tir Priacs curve [% [or is andar yewadup ze ReGr in dig wa. 2 + vertical Line suvadendy eraply fe Ptoak cnaraber by sypnen adisns thin vecet dhe. par to zerolovel | latach CainGrauge Teermplery_'- © Rlemetring valrgaage, eYecording “ype. R- Of + Fos -vernat: & unaccessible oadiao) “Can teandfer eaintell dota, te Sece _———————— “Bacal fos Finding areal GNent location & movement of vairctosms., een + Bt2dAm Aaily veadingtaken Servis | * Can Measune Snow Fall also, plain Gra Se ilatis equivalent’ of sroo Lae ssh cb Telescpic: THe Tobe. sLange eguindrical tecieuy 9 202m ao at:- anti frerh toma | ar cing Agosd—> tora elevation (yptosoqy”) |__(orietoa4 ateg Reovdensihy . wMo Ginter. RocordingyPeR-Gt ): ~~ |_tetation pev 520 tm wea ria 4/600 vi — Sse ZHowra- Nex ged Aug, 1914/?22—(oy Gwe cs 1 xo G4 ~ Stahchvalmyetned weer Asdvepreeyn) N L © allecavitle esvov [= 2] evsor 00 nian sanfall inP ai vento eben ol RGD Rorrer oa 1 wl FF vaingauge ancy a ane Rainfall = over a specified period ot | Dovle nase cane Techirnute +. Jocheci. incensieong * + Plot in veuevsc chronological ond Accormvtd Mean yainFall at yn" Hearty station» confast er 2 ceatontat manadt Igiomarett slay’ wa eR ost AoysaV [ vecompated evehy Uesorp decade] a sed in mmiccing Yainifal data calwlation- Precentahen of Rainfall data 4 Fox 209 we vse 198)~20lodala Goal rn continuity cheat By welsh * naar Gxt yt Prepeationet data € Claehed miccing eamballdaly| = By Luddy (comscony che) Dryden] TTS, HpPINg ———| W2q = -cainfall in ‘at period cissing vain data 1B rnin | oir >To analge bond octal + Soppese Nx Clatamiss) ease. | x. For eyeay moving average > 9° calculat (0-G0Nx — ody) cainfall of 3st, 28, 24, 4th, SIR yaar rear oy rt god stase: Yes, coithiinvange I pave zalwaye Calling Cue Tro Waco py oq ||/tepiharaa Jaimt—otecovert point-vaintall data hyRu [Pestrtita_ | tee Sige All (Coase) sate qeea ain ata i vost means Tt givecareal chorairsticelctom. R soy regresion (Artneetic yea) Crore caRomened) | >. ca) = rend bea-plsre cansicbouiycheat = wher cmdihian Onarges—> adler conges of any Rain gauge station © shifting of vaingauge © cencynectsoaie, khelgaon Yin Meighloon ¢ @ erenge tn ecasystim (fort fire) B® obscuahon evcor D ~epacomeat of Mdrworrt oily navone, ine vairkail 4 cael ot Aveo Srormcent re. 1@ DF cape | Al > Cow Fick assecrment of dam, bridge ley way A vairrage. Cyclin + aa a a iset™* wie, fe “Teel, D=euration Kayan centan! fev Srergahirnest aoniin thy: AevdionRoxie Tofensity colelaion_> Ronoff > Lusces Precipitation ane Comantive | Fainfall possible. in ary possibl Ha — since |yainfon) |_intivval equate, Wo vai A Start jewel |} lasses © & im + Tancpration Rt (om Pate [60 | do | 20 vine |] arty o |e = |= @ Dilhetion® Pecoration@) knbrveoption m | 6 © depression etoreye, éo | 18 30_| 21 \ae=2 2roels i ' | Dation’s evaporation Laid :- Sei aan Yoo | 28 bea=7 lamin | 4 oe Hr ‘yy of ) : \ i \ “vat evaporation (E;. mmm bay) oX Exo Ca. Jagd rma reels .! sativa takes) Chuasene jdm evaporation) lave. when Bw7 ea A ] tmnt | st'teygn > eka cil We PHO Bvemge vaintall lation ( equivalent onfornbeeh an Fadore affecting ey ‘i i nen Galt variation —viil ore oni Cartel, [sore manent] Over ene Coane (eounah aveas |* Wastaeeonatt B= fvf fin. | Temp- {CeL& Ten) eb @ csinaspesd ; D-mzenpeleon BN + Pa AD AL =oienh @y ‘oe weighted Raha Area, Batter [9 an. pense en | © catty Quod ‘ mide | 1 @ sesngersd P=) + = vel few ee ha mnehhed va +{ decrease by Ay] by tneing 1.) fnsainity) . @ suvfae area [ey th + mone waingauge naodd st SA fudyd ot seta || cea acres etd @ depin of shir Body: Foam fanart si Pragritud: agen IHG. satan Shallow aeplh FEL apes But Cetimp.sredt agente) (eoparnttar ath) ) a ed Evapanttion Redyotion D surface area |. Provide greater dup 2. SAY _eeduction 4 | ______ ® emeeronivcat [> i Srman lake + small watir body cout iM ment "eof — ey on ae ah a © US Geological + evaporioetiy is kept Flortng & Pp ¥00| ee ar P susve Proatingpan| in dake ( St simulatic regener’ Charadivstic: of Lave coli) 7 @ nppation |Overadecann( atyt terol) cig | some | 383 oral vsas | of nin | Le Bask (20-50 ,ovapoeainttndia) | F535 —t ot bee ee chanics on 4 cencomnption 2> 316 9) na] ee «evaporation Yeduction Max sndti- | Lare euaporation= px Yan evapora if Bim pressure. maintain} i . = Cex een @) 4 Ko? Pf ED Stemyt alrohal, (odadecanal)L Stication of evaporation STOGTEPEP Wal ers, l-meye oot vn Rees fog | FET Ken(eaaneny [YP] (encea on re DattencLawo) |[ “9 ‘ = Fm—atepend on ewitiy body ~ Smyll—> 0-50 (arge—013% 5 vy =Satiantia vapouy pressure : ofeadtiy suvfato. Coney) Caradual Vp d overyimaiv OF Specified height: Vo monty mean velocitie ® — ois Gms) acoso sk: © _aveq with Yegelon 1 cificatt to find ~ Beparably teap oration & Arauspivation st we estionati tvabo benispivation . ® ave with no Vegekahion :~ hemes only evaporation be weather parameir (Torperiire shumidity 2 Crop craeactirstio; B- Soil4ge 4- envienmental aspect 2-Rohwersfornma| 3_ Fitevald formula Analyi@l meted to echimati ovapoetion ;. Ceasomnptive vse Gu 1 epehanaaton gp | eataruce directly in Ouaty | - simple - Leackveliavl. GUAGiETa . eq atolic process of Exdqetmatned) «use of Dyehologiad eontivwuily Bvildiy plan Tissue @ svse of concervation of errrgy Enewg{-Balana| his Tee neglsibl. metal WET? sims Fy mnags— | + Based on tneoyy tur bout ican + & Rarder | ™95s bancfey in County layer. AET o¥ Evapolranspnation +. -thoxmhulibis metned cats Balanceeg® [Tysiendar) Fad experiment pk 5 oe Fidd plod Seacitle heed (Ha) [given ty Pawen xalio(P £ ! nao A | Eopleth—> Uines on map@) Gval depin kET oe Auving day time only « wats Leaver plant Body during — Probe smmnesic depend en proiatn Period Plant’ [ernpivical forma, Braney eviadles Penmanep? tometer “Calan 7 PET 5 vata te hows cea me } temp —+ wish ate Wetland measute soak ~raaartion. Tis (Agen et)Ba Prior 10 Mnfiltvation come tnlial lees + ~ $e Entevceptiontase_i- (enay 240-37. of vainOull) > + (reoatey capture / intuevuptsd by buildings, leaves Waas, 2 sorcequenily goes back 4o alimesprine ~ Leg eraposation. Q- Depre sion storage: Cropivical snfithation @4%.» @ Hortons ee Stren ut Oe ata or BERD coo bagram enc Coacer inh conodste Qe Mer 22 = wld bern nfl Stage rvdregaph = Hot lagen Sve Ss af ine —— Velo, meagre i Stel VE + S| Fas aml «Sve peng) ENT Prctirminany cuwveg » sre stramcin Flocd.- Vago uy? Me digene Wy Fuel bs-04s a Cevcexantrt ‘rwotating disc Prowidel on I fF vertical axis . stouse it magoremnparert of vebeity ‘tng Daalibastise | Gonert recbr > GEG toe, ar of He cece, Sa Watolike = BSH wages LA toomsnt en > 4% flo xabo0 We <— brs xt ly boris 4.0) po (© castantenk Imjeion method (platen jy ‘naa C—vedded contivurds @ % rate at etions, Let initfal concortvation of hacer inseam = Ce at cection 2 tance af seam bewrne aston = 62 AAS Fence ne By Touing Tank, © Sound went» 4a keepeurtert eet location Wading TTrgle pei Foren Vars = Vordy doutde (point fovernieay= Voy +V08Y z Process of firkig aoa n- faba at Gate (RWS Pee eeu latest Satna “hand NobHyd wogeaph ea Cvaghin ‘Somebefsaitia _ —— Bei dar [CP = Bax F ®¢27 point of sngiection © forma =a tena on te Tanta Sy Calling, Ub }recesin [fet eibfeu L Se aE, te m va tlaviabibesiveaat | ast tant ce Rooen/t. i > 1h (using ea) roe a . vane onttboas fea Vie oxhs) cofticieal (ce) | omy? = cabinmanave, R= 2RF A Cenk [Greslay)snape_caehmnent = tagtime (LL) > bebe cero} vainfall Aocerol nuneprd Zetec Gen) * 2 Remglimbs AB > slapedepend on rina Garren TOR slat peak » OPE Chava chistes; 3. falling lino > only cakdhment » ey Sh Fe re Te 4-caecheaqmmt BEC sencat poinkal mftetion, team | Piano + seams perunivaraict. Cauitionfnas. Twa len) ~ | Sob Sembjpeau » Less Bacegesiod cs wo se See po ~ Qe (secession Vio) of stoaige vemnaining ater ine] paige flaywid steers perunikaveg 5 Dp} > eaelypeate 2 Lese Bacepenio’ Shape of Hydvograph dey , . gae 7 Linaginany tines [etna oer] - — ————— across cate = sat buvati ‘Prasiographic Fador 7 pure Feere wiv. pave oe Meet 1D eagin Chara check. aol takeesgame renkees | Enea» nt A 2 Evepoteanspixaten 0 sonny ow antion cuyve faicanarae Reguency Give 3- {initial Loss ‘ et dicenarge Q Ve «/frime Flav easegualbd Fartore akfecting Hydegiaph_> {GD Sequertt Poke Logarta _:- *Tofind shomye. copa —_] Fetes se Hom {Dfoomass ewe, P2R ; 1 of Catchraent, Se Co 15izr ofcakrment| Q xan Oslope ofeatimel) OF clispase ‘vonoff Fast @avainage | t > peor dency ee © lanawe ation, oF overland Fto® [anker’» tamlan, effea ciel | Aigaibvtion over catdmnentt » divedon a} S060 vegetation t forest veda duet | weber *Seguont peal —> Gyreatrr}han prevuspeale. [zee oer ‘ L mans pifferena Yo Thik savent pert. & Lewoedt Wed aig pe ot lady tog