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cookies in cyber

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4 views2 pages

Cookie

cookies in cyber

Uploaded by

Thangavel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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8/28/24, 7:41 PM ChatGPT

Here’s a brief explanation of the terms you requested:

a. Cookies
Cookies are small pieces of data sent by a website to a user's browser and stored on the user's
device while they browse the web. They are used to remember information about the user's session
and preferences, such as login credentials, shopping cart contents, and user behavior on the site.
Cookies enable websites to provide personalized experiences and are classified into two main
types:
Session Cookies: Temporary cookies that are deleted once the user closes the browser.
Persistent Cookies: Stored on the user's device until they expire or are manually deleted.

Example: A website remembers your login information using cookies so that you don't have to log
in every time you visit.

b. Web Cache
Web caching refers to the process of storing copies of web content (like HTML pages, images, or
scripts) on a user's browser or intermediary servers to reduce load times, bandwidth usage, and
server load. When a user visits a website, cached content is served locally (or from a nearby proxy
server) rather than re-downloading the data from the original server. There are two main types of
caches:
Browser Cache: Stores content on the user’s device.
Proxy Cache: Stored on intermediary servers to improve network performance.

Example: When you revisit a website, images or data from the previous visit load faster because
they are retrieved from the browser cache rather than the internet.

c. INDEX.DAT
INDEX.DAT files are hidden system files used by older versions of Microsoft Internet Explorer (and
some Windows components) to store information about a user's internet browsing activities. These
files log various types of data, such as visited websites, cookies, and cached files. They were part of
the Windows operating system and could be difficult to delete through normal means.

Example: INDEX.DAT files store records of websites visited by a user, which can be analyzed for
digital forensic investigations to track browsing history.

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8/28/24, 7:41 PM ChatGPT

d. P2P (Peer-to-Peer)
P2P, or Peer-to-Peer, refers to a decentralized network model where computers (peers)
communicate and share resources directly with each other, rather than relying on centralized
servers. P2P networks are often used for file-sharing purposes, where users can upload and
download files to and from each other's devices. Each peer acts as both a client and a server.

Example: Popular P2P applications include BitTorrent, where users share pieces of files with each
other, distributing the load across many peers rather than a single server.

e. NTUSER.DAT
NTUSER.DAT is a system file found in Windows operating systems that stores the user’s profile
information and registry settings. Each user account on a Windows system has its
own NTUSER.DAT file that contains the configuration data for that user, such as desktop settings,
installed applications, and recently opened files. When a user logs into the system, Windows loads
the corresponding NTUSER.DAT file to apply the user's settings.

Example: When you change your desktop wallpaper, that change is saved in the NTUSER.DAT file so
that it persists the next time you log in.

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