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TECH8000 Week 05

PRESENTATION
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
19 views30 pages

TECH8000 Week 05

PRESENTATION
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 30

TECH8000

IT Capstone

Lesson 5
Data collection techniques and tools
COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA
Copyright Regulations 1969

WARNING

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Kaplan Business School pursuant to Part VB of the Copyright Act 1968 (the Act).

The material in this communication may be subject to copyright under the Act. Any
further reproduction or communication of this material by you may be the subject of
copyright protection under the Act.

Do not remove this notice.


Subject Learning Outcomes

1 Design a plan for research that aims to identify


the causes and potential solutions of a
complex IT problem for a client.
2 Collaborate with colleagues in the completion
of IT-based research activities.
3
Recommend and critically analyse multi-
disciplinary IT solutions.
4
Present research findings and solutions to a client.
What is Data Collection?
• Data collection refers to the systematic process of
gathering and accumulating information or data from
various sources for a specific purpose or study.
• It involves the gathering of raw facts and figures that
are relevant to the research or analysis being
conducted.
• Data collection can be done through various
methods, including surveys, interviews,
observations, experiments, and the use of existing
databases or records.
Data Collection
• The collected data serves
as the foundation for
analysis, interpretation,
and drawing conclusions
in research, business
decision-making, and
various other fields.
• It's a critical step in
generating reliable and
meaningful insights from
the information gathered.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed


under CC BY-SA-NC
Why Do We Need Data Collection?

Data collection is essential for several reasons:

Informed Decision-Making: Data provides the factual basis for


making informed decisions. It helps businesses, organisations, and
researchers understand trends, patterns, and relationships that can
guide their actions and strategies.

Evidence-Based Research: In scientific and academic fields, data


collection is crucial for conducting experiments, studies, and analyses.
It provides empirical evidence to support or refute hypotheses.

Performance Evaluation: Businesses and organisations use data to


evaluate their performance, measure key performance indicators
(KPIs), and track progress towards goals and objectives.
Why Do We Need Data Collection?
Problem Identification: Data helps identify issues, challenges, and
opportunities. It can reveal areas of improvement, potential bottlenecks,
or emerging trends that might not be evident without systematic data
collection.

Customer Understanding: In marketing and customer service, data


collection helps in understanding customer behavior, preferences, and
needs. This enables businesses to tailor products, services, and
marketing strategies to their target audience.

Policy Formulation: Governments and policy-makers rely on data to


inform the development of policies and regulations. This ensures that
decisions are evidence-based and have a higher likelihood of success.
Why Do We Need Data Collection?
Monitoring and Evaluation: Data collection allows for the ongoing
monitoring and evaluation of projects, programs, and initiatives. It helps
assess their effectiveness, efficiency, and impact.

Predictive Analytics: Data collection forms the basis for predictive


modelling and analytics. By analysing historical data, organisations can
make forecasts and predictions about future trends and outcomes.

Resource Allocation: In both business and public sectors, data helps


allocate resources (such as budget, manpower, and materials)
efficiently. It ensures resources are directed towards areas that need
them the most.
Why Do We Need Data Collection?
Compliance and Accountability: Many industries have regulatory
requirements for data reporting and compliance. Accurate and timely
data collection ensures that organisations meet legal obligations.

Innovation and Research Advancement: Data collected from various


sources can be used for innovation, product development, and
advancing scientific knowledge. It forms the foundation for new
discoveries and technologies.

Risk Management: Understanding data related to risks (financial,


operational, cybersecurity, etc.) allows organisations to implement
measures to mitigate and manage these risks effectively.
Activity 1 – Data Collection
Conducting the Survey (10 minutes):
• Ask your classmates about their favourite subject.
• They should record the name of the subject and the number of people who like this
subject.

Data Compilation (5 minutes):


• Call out the different subjects one by one and record the number of students who like
this subject on the chart or whiteboard.

Data Analysis and Discussion (5 minutes):


• Discuss the results. Ask questions like:
• Which subject was the most liked?
• Which subject was the least popular?
• Are there any surprises in the data?
• Wrap-Up and Reflection (1 minute).
Methods of Data Collection
There are several methods of data collection, each suited for different
types of research questions and contexts. Here are some of the most
common methods:

Surveys and Questionnaires: These are structured sets of questions


administered to a sample of individuals. They can be conducted in person,
over the phone, through mail, or online.

Interviews: Interviews involve direct interaction between a researcher and


a respondent. They can be structured (with predetermined questions) or
unstructured (allowing for open-ended responses).

Observations: Researchers systematically observe and record behavior,


events, or activities in a specific setting. This can be done with or without
participant awareness.
Methods of Data Collection
Experiments: Controlled experiments involve manipulating one or more
variables in a controlled environment to observe their effects on a specific
phenomenon.

Case Studies: This involves an in-depth examination of a single case


(such as an individual, group, organisation, or event) to understand its
complexities and unique characteristics.

Existing Data Sources: Researchers can use pre-existing datasets,


documents, records, or databases that contain relevant information. This is
often known as secondary data analysis.

Focus Groups: A small group of individuals is brought together to discuss


a specific topic. This method encourages participants to interact and
generate insights.
Methods of Data Collection
Content Analysis: This involves systematically analysing the content of
documents, such as written texts, audio recordings, or visual materials, to
identify patterns or themes.

Diaries or Journals: Participants record their thoughts, behaviours, or


experiences over a specific period. This method provides a longitudinal
perspective.

Sensor Data: Data collected from various sensors (e.g., temperature


sensors, GPS trackers, accelerometers) that monitor physical phenomena.

Social Media and Web Scraping: Information is extracted from online


platforms, websites, or social media channels using automated tools or
techniques.
Methods of Data Collection
Audio or Video Recordings: Verbal or visual information is captured
for later analysis. This method is particularly useful for preserving
nuanced interactions.

Photography and Visual Documentation: Images or videos are used


to document events, environments, or behaviours.

Biometric Data Collection: This involves the measurement and


analysis of physical or behavioural characteristics, such as fingerprints,
eye movements, or heart rate.

Sampling: Selecting a subset of individuals or elements from a larger


population for data collection. This can involve random sampling,
stratified sampling, or other methods.
Activity 2 – Explore
Individual Activity (15 minutes):

– Explore the difference between primary and


secondary data collection methods.
– Which data collection methods should be preferred?
– Demonstrate one use case for both primary data
collection ad secondary data collection methods.
Data Collection Tools
There are a wide range of data collection tools available, each
designed to facilitate the process of gathering and managing data in
various research or operational contexts. Here are some common data
collection tools:

SurveyMonkey: A popular online survey platform that allows users to


create and distribute surveys, collect responses, and analyse results.

Google Forms: A free tool that enables users to create surveys and
forms, with options for collaboration, data storage, and analysis.

Qualtrics: An advanced survey platform that offers a wide range of


features for designing surveys, collecting responses, and analysing
data.
Data Collection Tools
Typeform: Provides a user-friendly interface for creating interactive
surveys and forms with a focus on user engagement.

Microsoft Forms: Integrated with Microsoft Office, this tool allows


users to create surveys, quizzes, and polls and store the responses in
Excel.

RedCap: A secure web application for building and managing online


surveys and databases, particularly used in healthcare and research
settings.

SurveyGizmo: Offers tools for creating surveys, quizzes, and forms, as


well as advanced features for data analysis and reporting.
Data Collection Tools
Paper Surveys: Traditional paper-based surveys that are physically
administered to participants. Data can later be manually entered into a
digital format.

Mobile Data Collection Apps (e.g., ODK Collect, SurveyCTO):


These apps facilitate data collection using mobile devices. They can
work offline and sync with a central database later.

NVivo: Qualitative data analysis software that assists in organising,


analysing, and visualising unstructured data like interviews, focus
groups, and documents.

ATLAS.ti: Another qualitative data analysis tool that helps researchers


code and analyse text, images, audio, and video data.
Data Collection Tools
MaxQDA: A qualitative data analysis software that supports the
analysis of text, audio, video, and image data.

Google Analytics: A web analytics service that tracks and reports


website traffic, providing valuable insights for digital marketing and
website optimisation.

Web Scraping Tools (e.g., Beautiful Soup, Scrapy): Used to extract


data from websites, which can be useful for collecting information from
the internet.

Microsoft Excel or Google Sheets: These spreadsheet applications


can be used for simple data collection, particularly when dealing with
smaller datasets.
Data Collection Tools
Open Data Kit (ODK): A suite of tools for mobile data collection used
in resource-constrained environments. It includes various mobile apps
for data collection.

RapidPro: A platform for mobile-based data collection, particularly


suited for projects in low-resource or remote areas.

Epi Info: A suite of tools for public health data collection and analysis,
often used in epidemiological studies.

Tableau: A data visualisation tool that can be used for exploring and
presenting data collected from various sources.
Activity 3 – Create and Analyse

Group Activity (3-4 students, 15 minutes):


– Create a Google Form.
– Ask other members of your group to fill that google
form.
– Perform different analyses on the responses, e.g.,
(response rate, mean, etc.)
– Share the response summary on an email.
Importance of Ensuring Accurate and
Appropriate Data Collection
Ensuring accurate and appropriate data collection is crucial for several
reasons:

Reliability of Findings: Accurate data forms the foundation of any


research or analysis. It ensures that the conclusions drawn from the data
are reliable and trustworthy.

Validity of Conclusions: Inaccurate or inappropriate data can lead to


incorrect conclusions. By collecting data that is relevant to the research
question and free from errors, researchers can have confidence in their
findings.

Informed Decision-Making: Organisations and businesses rely on


accurate data to make informed decisions. Inaccurate data can lead to
misguided strategies and potentially costly mistakes.
Importance of Ensuring Accurate and
Appropriate Data Collection
Quality Control and Assurance: Accurate data collection is a key
component of quality control and assurance processes. It helps identify
and rectify errors early in the data collection process.

Avoiding Bias and Misrepresentation: Inappropriate data collection


methods or biased sampling techniques can lead to skewed results,
potentially misrepresenting the true nature of the phenomenon being
studied.

Ethical Considerations: Accurate data collection is an ethical


responsibility. Misrepresenting or manipulating data can lead to ethical
violations, eroding trust in the research or organisation.

Legal Compliance: In certain industries or research contexts, there may


be legal requirements for accurate data reporting. Failing to meet these
standards can lead to legal consequences.
Importance of Ensuring Accurate and
Appropriate Data Collection
Resource Optimisation: Accurate data allows for the efficient allocation of
resources. For example, in business, knowing where resources are most
needed can lead to cost savings and improved performance.

Long-Term Impact of Studies: Research findings based on accurate data


can have a lasting impact on the field. Conversely, flawed or inaccurate
studies can mislead future research efforts.

Effective Policy-Making: Accurate data is essential for policy-makers to


make decisions that positively impact society. Misguided policies based on
inaccurate data can lead to unintended negative consequences.

Maintaining Credibility and Reputation: Whether in academia, business,


or any other field, maintaining credibility and reputation is vital. Accurate
data collection helps ensure that a researcher or organisation is seen as
trustworthy and reliable.
Importance of Ensuring Accurate and
Appropriate Data Collection
Improved Problem-Solving: Accurate data provides a clear picture of the
problem at hand. This enables more effective problem-solving and the
development of targeted solutions.

Facilitates Comparison and Benchmarking: Accurate data allows for


meaningful comparisons over time or across different groups. This is
essential for tracking progress and identifying areas for improvement.

Scientific Progress: In scientific research, accurate data is essential for


building on existing knowledge and advancing the field.

In summary, accurate and appropriate data collection is fundamental to


producing reliable findings and making informed decisions. It upholds the
integrity of research, informs effective action, and ensures that resources
are used efficiently.
Activity 4 – Brainstorm and Reflect

Group Activity (2 students, 10 minutes): Answer the


following:
• What are the common challenges in data collection?
• Propose solutions to overcome those challenges?
• What are the ethical considerations in data collection?
Activity 5 – Reflect and Share

• Individual task: Please reflect by answering the


following questions (5 minutes)
• What did you learn today? (1 or 2 things)
• What do you want to learn more?
• What did you like about today?
• What could we do better next time?

• Any volunteers to share their thoughts? (10 minutes)


Recap: Subject Learning
Outcomes
1 Design a plan for research that aims to identify
the causes and potential solutions of a
complex IT problem for a client.
2 Collaborate with colleagues in the completion
of IT-based research activities.
3
Recommend and critically analyse multi-
disciplinary IT solutions.
4
Present research findings and solutions to a client.
Your task & Next week
• Your task (MyKBS)
• Read subject outline
• Continue assessment 2
• Next week’s topic
• Lesson 6: Analysing research data and identifying
potential solutions

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC


End of Lesson 5 -
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