MATHS

BOOKS - VK GLOBAL PUBLICATION MATHS (HINGLISH)

INTRODUCTION TO TRIGONOMETRY

Very Short Answer Questions

1. Express s ∈ 67 ⊕ cos 75o in terms of trigonometric ratios of angles

between 0o and 45o.

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2. Evaluate :
∘
sin 18
∘
cos 72

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3. Evaluate :
∘
tan 26
∘
cot 64

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4. Evaluate :

∘ ∘
cos 48 − sin 42

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5. Evaluate :

∘ ∘
cosec31 − sec 59

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6. In ΔABC right angled at C, find the value of cos (A + B).

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7. Can the value of the expression (cos 80

∘
− sin 80
∘
) be negative ?

Justify your answer.

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8. If sin A + sin
2
A = 1, then show that cos 2
A + cos
4
A = 1.

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1
9. Write the value of cot 2
θ −
2
.
sin θ

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1
10. If sin θ = then find the value of 2 cot 2
θ + 2.
3

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 11. If sec
2
θ(1 + sin θ)(1 − sin θ) = k , then find the value of k .

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12. Write the acute angle θ satisfying √3 sin θ = cos θ .

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3
13. If : A + B = 90
∘
, and tan A = then : cot B =
4

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Short Answer Questions I

1. Evaluate cos 48 ∘
cos 42
∘
− sin 48
∘
sin 42
∘

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2. Find the value of : 3 sin 2
20
∘
− 2 tan
2
45
∘
+ 3 sin
2
70
∘
.

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3. If sin A = 2 sin A then find the value of A.

2

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1
4. Find maximum value of , 0
∘
≤ θ ≤ 90
∘
.
sec θ

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a
5. Given that sin θ = , find the value of tan θ.
b

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6. If sin θ = cos θ , then find the value of 2 tan θ + cos 2

θ .
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7. If sin(x − 20)
∘
= cos(3x − 10)
∘
, then find the value of x.

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1
8. If sin
2
A = tan
2
45
∘
, where A is an acute anlge, then find the value of
2

A.

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9. If x = a cos θ,y = b sin θ, then find the value of b 2

x
2 2
+ a y
2 2
− a b
2
.

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10. If tan A = cot B , prove that A + B = 90 . ∘

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 2 1
11. if sec A = 2x and tan A = ,find the value of 2(x 2
−
2
)
x x

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12. In a ΔABC, if ∠C = 90
∘
, prove that sin 2
A + sin
2
B = 1.

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13. If sec 4A = cosec (A − 20

∘
) , where 4A is an acute angle, find the value

of A.

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Short Answer Questions Ii

3
1. If s ∈ A = , calculate cos A and tan A.
4
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2. Given 15\ cot \ A\ = \ 8 , find sin A and sec A.

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3. Find tan\ P\ \ cot \ R .

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4. If sin θ + cos θ = √3, then prove that tan θ + cot θ = 1

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1 − sin θ
5. Prove the following identities:
2
= (sec θ − tan θ)
1 + sin θ

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6. Without using trigonometric tables, evaluate each of the following:
2 0 2 0
sec 54 − cot 36 2 2 0
0 2 0
+ 2 sin 38 sec 52 − sin 45
0 2 0
2
cos ec 57 − tan 33

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7.
∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘
2sin 68 2cot 15 3tan 45 . tan 20 . tan 40 . tan 50 . tan 70
− −
∘ ∘
cos 22 5tan 75 5

is equal to

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2 ∘ 2 ∘ ∘ ∘
sin 20 + sin 70 sin(90 − θ). sin θ cos(90 − θ). cos θ
8. 2 ∘ 2 ∘
+ [ + ] .
cos 20 + cos 70 tan θ cot θ

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9. Evaluate: sin 25 ∘
cos 65
∘
+ cos 25
∘
sin 65
∘
.

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10. Without using tables, evaluate the following:
1
3cos 68
∘
. cosec22
∘
− tan 43
∘
. tan 47
∘
. tan 12
∘
. tan 60
∘
. tan 78
∘
.
2

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11. If sin 3θ = cso(θ − 6

∘
) where 3θ and θ − 6
∘
are both acute angles,

find the value of θ.

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1 1
12. If sec θ = x + , provethat : sec θ + tan θ = 2x or ,
4x 2x

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cos θ − sin θ 1 − √3
13. Find an acute angle θ , when =
cos θ + sin θ 1 + √3

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14. The altitude AD of a ABC, in which ∠A obtuse and, AD = 10cm . If

BD = 10cmandCD = 10√3cm, determine ∠A .

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13 2 sin θ − 3 cos θ
15. If cos ec θ = , find the value of
12 4 sin θ − 9 cos θ

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tan A tan A
16. Prove that − = 2 cosec A.
1 + sec A 1 − sec A

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3 3 3 3
cos θ + sin θ cos θ − sin θ
17. Prove: + = 2
cos θ + sin θ cos θ − sin θ

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18. सिद्ध करें कि
2
2 cos θ − 1
cot θ − tan θ = .
sin θ ⋅ cos θ

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2
cot θ
19. Prove that = cos ecθ − 1
cos ecθ + 1

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20. Evaluate the

∘ ∘ ∘
sin 30 + tan 45 − cosec60
∘ ∘ ∘
sec 30 + cos 60 + cot 45

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21. Evaluate the following (i)

s ∈ \ 60o\ cos \ 30o\ + \ s ∈ \ 30o\ cos \ 60o (ii)

 cos 45o
2 tan
2
45 ⊕ cos
2
30o − sin
2
60o (iii) (iv)
sec 30 ⊕ c o s e c\ 30o

sin 30 ⊕ tan 45o − c o s e c\ 60o

(v) `(5cos^2 6
sec 30 ⊕ cos 60 ⊕ cot 45o

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1
22. If tan(A + B) = √3 and tan(AB) = ; `0o B ,` find A and B.
√3

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23. If A, B and C are interior angles of a triangle ABC, then show that
B + C cos A
sin( ) = .
2 2

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1 − cos θ
24. Prove that (cos ecθ − cot θ) 2
=
1 + cos θ

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25. Prove that: (sin θ − 2 sin 3
θ) = (2 cos
3
θ − cos θ)tan θ.

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26. (sin A
2 2 2 2
+ cos ecA) + (cos A + sec A) = 7 + tan A + cot A

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27. Prove each of the following identities :

2
1 + cos θ − sin θ
= cot θ
sin θ(1 + cos θ)

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1 1
28. + = sec A + cosecA
sin A + cos A + 1 sin A + cos A − 1

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 cos A 1 + sin A
29. Prove that + = 2 sec A
1 + sin A cos A

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2 2 ∘
sec θ − cot (90 − θ)
30. Evaluate : ∘ 2
+ (sin
2
40
∘
+ sin
2
50
∘
)
2 2
cosec 67 − tan 23

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31. Evaluate :
∘ ∘ 2 ∘ 2 ∘
sec θ. cosec(90 − θ) − tan θ. cot(90 − θ) + sin 55 + sin 35

∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘
tan 10 . tan 20 . tan 60 . tan 70 . tan 80

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Long Answer Questions

1. In ΔP QR , right - angled at Q , PR +QR = 25 cm and PQ = 5cm .

Determine the values of sin P , cos P and tan P.

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1
2. In triangle ABC, right-angled at B. if tan A = find the value of:
√3

(i) s ∈ A cos C + cos As ∈ C(ii) cos A cos Cs ∈ As ∈ C

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7 (1 + sin θ)(1 − sin θ)

3. If cot θ = , evaluate:(i) (ii) cot 2
θ
8 (1 + cos θ)(1 − cos θ)

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2
1 − tan A
4. If 3 cot A = 4 , check whether = cos
2
A − sin
2
A or not.
2
1 + tan A

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5. Write all the other trigonometric ratios of ∠Ain terms of sec A.

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 2
2
1 + tan A 1 − tan A
6. Prove that 2
= ( ) = tan
2
A
1 + cot A 1 − cot A

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7. Prove the following identities:

2 2 2 2
2 2
cos B − cos A sin A − sin B
tan A − tan B = =
2 2 2 2
cos B cos A cos A cos B
sin A − sin B cos A − cos B
+ = 0
cos A + cos B sin A + sin B

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cosecA cosecA
8. + = 2 + 2 tan
2
A
cos ecA − 1 cosecA + 1

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9. (sin θ + sec θ)
2 2 2
+ (cos θ + cosecθ) = (1 + cos ecθ sec θ)
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1 1 1 1
10. − = −
cosecθ − cot θ sin θ sin θ cosecθ + cot θ

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11. Prove that:

cosecθ + cot θ
= (cosecθ + cot θ)
2
= 1 + 2 cot
2
θ + 2cosecθ cot θ .
cosecθ − cot θ

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12. Prove that: 2 sec 2

θ − sec
4 2
θ − 2cosec θ = cot
4
θ − tan
4
θ .

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13. Prove that

1
(cosecA − sin A)(sec A − cos A) = .
(tan A + cot A)

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Hots Higher Order Thinking Skills

1. Prove that :
tan θ cot θ
+ = 1 + sec θ cos ecθ .
1 − cot θ 1 − tan θ

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2
m − 1
2. If tanA=ntanB and sinA=msinB, prove that cos 2
A =
2
n − 1

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3. Prove the following identity, where the angles involved are acute angles

for which the expressions are defined. (v)

cos A − sin A + 1
= c o s e c A + c o t A
cos A + sin A − 1

2 2
u s i n g\ t h e\ i d e n t i f y\ c o s e c A = 1 + cot A

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 4. If x sin
3
θ + y cos
3
θ − sin θ cos θandx sin θ = y cos θ, prove that

2 2
x + y = 1

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5. If tanθ + s∫ hη = mandthη − s∫ hη = n, show m 2− 2

n = 4√mn.

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6. If cos ecθ − sin θ = l and sec θ − cos θ = m, prove that

2 2 2 2
l m (l + m + 3) = 1

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Proficiency Exercise Very Short Answer Questions

 12
1. If sin θ = , then find cosec θ.
13

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2. Find the value of sin 2

48
∘
+ cos
2
48
∘
.

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3. Find the value of sin(45 ∘

+ θ) − cos(45
∘
− θ)

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1
4. If tan α = √3 and tan β = , then find the value of cot (α + β) .
√3

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∘
tan 30
5. Find the value of ∘
.
cot 60
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6. If ΔABC is right angled at C, then find the value of cos (A + B)

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1
7. If sin A = , then find the value of cos A.
2

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8. A pole of height 6 m casts a shadow 2√3 m long on the ground. Find

the sun's elevation.

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Proficiency Exercise Short Answer Questions I

1. If tan 3A = cot (A − 25
∘
) , 3A < 90
∘
, then find the value of ∠A.

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3 1
2. If cosec θ = 3x and cot θ = , then find the value of (x 2
− ) .
2
x x

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3. What is the value of (1 + cot 2

θ)sin
2
θ ?

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1
4. What is the value of sin 2
θ +
2
?
1 + tan θ

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5. Write the value of sin θ cos(90 ∘

− θ) + cos θ sin(90
∘
− θ).
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2
6. What is the maximum value of ? Justify your answer.
cosecθ

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Proficiency Exercise Short Answer Questions Ii

4
1. Given cosecθ = , calculate all other trigonometric ratios.
3

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2. If 12 sec A = 13, find sin A and cot A.

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24
3. In ΔABC, right-angled at C, find cos A, tan A and cosec B if sin A = .
25
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4. In fig. 10.11, find sin A, tan A and cot A.

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2
1 1 − cos θ 3
5. If cot θ = , show that 2
=
√3 2 − sin θ 5

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1
6. If tan θ = , find other five trigonometric ratios.
3
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7. Write all the other trigonometric ratios of ∠B in terms of tan B.

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8. In DelatOP Q , right - angled at P , OP = 7 cm and OQ - PQ =1 cm .

Determine the values of sinQ and cos Q .

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9. In ΔABC, right-angled at B, AB = 3 cm and ∠BAC = 60

∘
. Determine the

lengths of the sides BC and AC.

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10. Evaluate the equation ;-

cos 90 ∘
sin 0
∘
− sin 0
∘
cos 90
∘
.

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11. Evaluate the

∘ ∘ ∘
cos 60 − cot 45 + cosec30

∘ ∘ ∘
.
sec 60 + tan 45 − sin 30

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12. 2 sin 2
(30
∘
) − 3 cos (45
2 ∘
) + tan (60
2 ∘
)

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13. Evaluate the

3
2 ∘ 2 ∘ 2 ∘ 2 ∘
cot 30 − 2 cos 60 − sec 45 − 4 sec 30
4

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14. Evaluate the
2 ∘ 2 ∘ 2 ∘ 2 ∘
tan 60 + 4 cos 45 + 3 sec 30 + 5 cos 90

∘ ∘ 2 ∘
cosec30 + sec 60 − cot 30

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15. Evaluate the

∘ ∘ ∘
tan 45 sec 60 3sin 90
∘
+
∘
−
∘
.
cosec30 cot 45 2cos 0

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16. Evaluate the equation:-

∘ ∘
sec 70 sin 59

∘
+
∘
.
cosec20 cos 31

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17. Show that tan 48 ∘

tan 23
∘
tan 42
∘
tan 67
∘
= 1 .
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18. Prove that :

∘ ∘
sin 70 cos ec20 ∘ ∘
(i) + − 2cos 70 cos ec20 = 0
∘ ∘
cos 20 sec 70
∘
cos 80 ∘ ∘
(ii) + cos 59 cos ec31 = 2
∘
sin 10
∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘
2sin 68 2cot 15 3tan 45 tan 20 tan 40 tan 50 tan 70
(iii) − − = 1
∘ ∘
cos 22 5tan 75 5
∘
sin 18 ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘
(iv) + √3(tan 10 tan 30 tan 40 tan 50 tan 80 ) = 2
∘
cos 72
∘ ∘ ∘
7cos 55 4(cos 70 cos ec20 )
(v) − = 1
∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘
3sin 35 3(tan 5 tan 25 tan 45 tan 65 tan 856 )

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19. Evaluate :

0 0 0 0
cos ec(65 + θ) − sec(25 − θ) − tan(55 − θ) + cot(35 + θ)

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20. Evaluate the
∘ 2
∘ ∘
3cos 43 cos 37 cosec53
( ) −
∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘
sin 47 tan 5 tan 25 tan 45 tan 65 tan 85

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21. If , where 2A is an acute angle, find the

∘
sec 2A = cos ec(A − 42 )

value of A.

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22. If sin (A - B) = 0 , cos (A + B) = 0, 0 , find A and B.

∘ ∘
< A + B ≤ 90

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23. If tan (A + B) = √3 and tan (A - B) = 0, 0 A+B , find sin (A +

∘ ∘
< ≤ 90

B) and cos (A - B).

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24. Prove : (1 + tan 2
θ)(1 + sin θ)(1 − sin θ) = 1 .

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25. If sin θ + cos θ = √3, then prove that tan θ + cot θ = 1

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26. .Ifα + β = 90
∘
, show that √cos α ⋅ csc β − cos α ⋅ sin β sin α =

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2 2
a a sin θ − b cos θ a − b
27. If tan θ = , prove that =
2 2
b a sin θ + b cos θ a + b

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 5 sin θ − 2 cos θ
28. If sec θ = , find the value of
4 tan θ − cot θ

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2 tan θ
29. If θ = 30o , verify that: (i) tan 2θ = (ii)
2
1 − tan θ
2 tan θ
sin 2θ =
2
1 + tan θ

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2
1 − tan θ
30. If θ = 30o , verify that: (i) cos 2θ =
2
(ii)
1 + tan θ

3
cos 3θ = 4 cos θ − 3 cos θ

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31. If A = 30 ∘
and B = 60
∘
, verify that cos (A + B) = cos A cos B - sin A sin

B.

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32. If A = 30 ∘
and B = 60
∘
, verify that sin (A + B) = sin A cos B + cos A sin

B.

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15 1 − sin θ
33. If cot θ = , the ≠ valuate((2 + 2 sin θ)
8 (1 + cos θ)(2 − 2 cos θ)

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1 1
34. If sec θ = x + , provethat : sec θ + tan θ = 2x or ,
4x 2x

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35. If √3 tan θ = 3 sin θ and θ ≠ 0 then find the value of sin2

θ − cos
2
θ .

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 13 2 sin θ − 3 cos θ
36. If cos ec θ = , find the value of
12 4 sin θ − 9 cos θ

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2 2
a − b
37. If sin θ =
2 2
then find 1 + tan θ ⋅ cos θ .
a + b

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38. If cos θ + sin θ = √2 cos θ , then prove thatcos θ − sin θ = √2 sin θ

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39. Find the value of x √3 sin x = cos x

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40. If tan x = sin 45

∘
cos 45
∘
+ sin 30
∘
then x is equal to
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41. sin 6
θ + cos
6
θ + 3 sin
2
θ cos
2
θ = 1

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42. tan θ + tan(90 ∘

− θ) = sec θ × sec(90
∘
− θ)

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43. Prove that :

4 2 4 2
tan θ + tan θ = sec θ − sec θ

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44. Prove that

tan A cot A
+ = (1 + tan A + cot A).
(1 − cot A) (1 − tan A)
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45. (1 + cot A − csc A)(1 + tan A + sec A) is equal to

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46. Prove that :

2
2 sin θ − 1
tan θ − cot θ =
sin θ cos θ

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1 − cos θ
47. Prove (cos ecθ − cot θ)
2
=
1 + cos θ

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48. Prove that: (sin θ − 2 sin 3

θ) = (2 cos
3
θ − cos θ)tan θ.

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Proficiency Exercise Long Answer Questions

1. If a sin θ + b cos θ = c then prove that

2 2 2
a cos θ − b sin θ = √a + b − c

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2
p − 1
2. If sec θ + tan θ = p, show that = sin θ
2
p + 1

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3. If a cos θ + b sin θ = m and a sin θ − b cos θ = n , prove that

2 2 2 2
a + b = m + n

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4. Prove that

2 2
√sec θ + cosec θ = tan θ + cot θ.

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5. sin A(1 + tan A) + cos A(1 + cot A) = sec A + cos ecA

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cos A − sin A + 1
6. = cosecA + cot A
cos A + sin A − 1

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tan θ cot θ
7. + = 1 + sec θ ⋅ cos ecθ
1 − cot θ 1 − tan θ

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 tan θ + sec θ − 1 1 + sin θ
8. =
tan θ − sec θ + 1 cos θ

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9. Prove each of the following identities :

2
1 + cos θ − sin θ
= cot θ
sin θ(1 + cos θ)

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sec θ − 1 sec θ + 1
10. Prove that: √ + √ = 2 cos ec θ
sec θ + 1 sec θ − 1

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11. Prove:

(sec A − cos ec A)(1 + tan A + cot A) = tan A sec A − cot A cos ec A .

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 12. sin A(1 + tan A) + cos A(1 + cot A) = sec A + cos ecA

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3
sin θ − 2 sin θ
13. = tan θ
3
2 cos θ − cos θ

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Self Assessment Test

∘
2tan 30
1. 2 ∘
=
1 + tan 30

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12
2. If sin B = , then find cot B.
13

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3. Find the value of the expression
∘ ∘
cot(20 − θ) + tan(70 + θ)
∘
[ ]sin(20 − θ)
∘
sin(70 + θ)

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4. If cosec 2
θ(1 + cos θ)(1 − cos θ) = α then find the value of α.

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5. In ΔABC, right-angled at A, if cot B = 1, find the value of :

(i) cos B cos C + sin C (ii) sin B cos C - cos B sin C.

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∘ ∘ ∘
3cos 55 4cos 70 cos ec20
6. Evaluate : ∘
−
∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘
.
7sin 35 7(tan 5 tan 25 tan 45 tan 65 tan 85 )

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7. Prove that :

4 4 2
(sin θ − cos θ + 1)cosec θ = 2

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8. If a cos θ − b sin θ= c, prove that a sin θ + b cos θ = ± √a

2 2
+ b
2
− c .

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9. Prove the trigonometric identities:

secA cos ecA
(1 + cot A + tanA)(s ∈ A − cos A) = − = sin A tan A
cos ec2 A sec2 A

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