CE1000 – Engineering Mechanics

Dr. Karthikeyan M
Assistant Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
NIT Rourkela
Syllabus

• Module 1
– Introduction: Basic Concepts of Force, Moment and Couple Equilibrium of Coplanar force systems
Friction, Belt friction and Screw Jack

• Module 2
– Internal forces in Members of Trusses and (Method of joints, Method of Sections) and Analysis of
Frames (Method of Members)

• Module 3
– Properties of Surfaces: Centroid and Moment of Inertia of plane figures, Principle of Virtual Work and
application.

• Module 4
– Kinetics of Rectilinear motion and Curvilinear motion of a particle: D’Alembert’s Principle, Linear
Momentum and Impulse, Moment of Momentum, Angular Momentum, Work and Energy, Impact.

• Module 5
– Rigid Body Motion - Kinematics of rotation Equation of motion of a Rotating rigid body, D’Alembert’s
Principle for rotation, Resultant Inertia force in Rotation, Compound Pendulum, Energy Equations for
rotating bodies, Plane Motion: kinematics of plane motions, Instantaneous Centre of Rotation,
Equations of Plane Motion of a rigid body and Energy equations for Plane motion, D’Alembert’s
Principle for rotation and plane motion. 2
Course Objectives

• To learn basic concepts and system of forces.

• To enable students to understand relationship of physical
processes, kinetics and kinematics.
• To develop skills to use the basic principles of mechanics in
engineering applications.

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Course Outcomes

• To analyze the forces and moments developed in structural members

using the theory of equilibrium

• To introduce the techniques for analyzing internal member forces acting

on trusses and frames

• To solve basic problems on centroid, moment of inertia, and the

principle of virtual work

• To apply Newton's law, D’Alembert’s Principle for rotation and plane

motion

• To Evaluate Work and Energy principle, Kinematics of rotation, Equation

of motion of a Rotating rigid body, Resultant Inertia force in Rotation

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Textbooks

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Reference books

1. Engineering Mechanics, by Meriam & Craige, John Wiley & Sons.

2. Engineering Mechanics, by Irwing Shames, Prentice Hall of India.
3. Mechanics for Engineers, by Beer and Johnston, McGraw Hills Edition
4. Engineering Mechanics, by K.L. Kumar, Tata McGraw Hills Co.
5. Mechanics of Materials, by E.P.Popov
6. Mechanics of Materials, by E J Hearn
7. Strength of materials, by Beer and Johnston
8. Strength of materials, by F L Singer & Andrew Pytel
9. Strength of Materials, by B.S. Basavarajaiah & P. Mahadevappa
10. Strength of Materials, by Ramamruthum
11. Strength of Materials, by S S Bhavikatti

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Evaluation Process

Component Weightage
(Marks)
Mid Semester 30

Continuous Assessment 20

End Semester 50

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Why Engineering Mechanics?

• Solving problems develops logical thinking and ability to apply basic principles in new
situations.

• No engineer can work in isolation of the other branches as any product requires many
engineering branches.

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What is Mechanics?

• Interaction of different bodies

and effect of forces acting on
them
• The branch of science
dealing with the effect of
forces on bodies is called
Mechanics Football Bouncing

Wheels rolling
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Classification of Engineering Mechanics

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Space and Plane

Y Y

X
X

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Space and Plane

Space Frame Plane Frame

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Rigid/Deformable bodies

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Idealization in Mechanics

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Idealization of physical systems

• Body
– Rigid body
• Force
– Vector and concentrated

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Scalars and Vectors

• A quantity is said to be a ‘scalar’ if it is completely defined

by its magnitude alone.
– Example : Length, Area, and Time.

• A quantity is said to be a ‘vector’ if it is completely defined

only when its magnitude and direction are specified.
– Example : Force, Velocity, and Acceleration.

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Rigid body

• Relative positions of any two particles in rigid body do not change under the action
of the forces
• It is defined as a definite amount of matter the parts of which are fixed in position
relative to one another under the application of load.
• Actually solid bodies are never rigid; they deform under the action of applied forces.
In those cases where this deformation is negligible compared to the size of the
body, the body may be considered to be rigid.

AB = A’B’

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Particle

• A body whose dimensions are negligible when compared to the

distances involved in the discussion of its motion is called a
‘Particle’.

• For example, while studying the motion of sun and earth, they
are considered as particles since their dimensions are small
when compared with the distance between them.

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Force

• It is that agent which causes or tends to cause, changes or

tends to change the state of rest or of motion of a mass.
• A force is fully defined only when the following four
characteristics are known
– Magnitude
– Direction
– Point of application
– Sense

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Force (Cont’d.)

• Characteristics of the force of 100 kN are:

– Magnitude = 100 kN
– Direction = at an inclination of 30° to the x-axis
– Point of application = at point A
– Sense = towards point A

100 kN

A 300

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Principle of Transmissibility

• The external effect of a force on a rigid body is the same for

all points of application along its line of action

• The motion of the block will be the same if a force of

magnitude P is applied as a push at A or as a pull at B.

A
P

B
P

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System of forces

Force system

Coplanar Forces Non-Coplanar Forces

Concurrent
Non-concurrent
Concurrent Non-concurrent

Parallel General
Parallel General

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Classification of force systems

• Coplanar
– All forces lie in the same plane
• Non-Coplanar
– Forces do not lie in the same plane
• Concurrent
– Action lines of all forces intersect
at a common point
• Non-concurrent
– Action lines of forces do not
intersect at a common point

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Classification of force systems

• Collinear
– All forces have a common action line
• Parallel
– All lines of all are parallel

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Classification of force systems

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Resultant force

• a single force representing the sum

of two or more forces acting on an
object

• providing the same total effect of

the original forces

• with larger or smaller magnitude

than the original forces

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Resultant of coplanar forces

• It is defined as that single force which can replace a set of

forces, in a force system, and cause the same external
effect 1. Parallelogram Law

2. Triangle Method (tip-to-tail)

R
F2
=
F1

A A

F3
R = F1 + F2 + F3
external effect on particle, A is same
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Parallelogram law of forces

• If two forces acting at a point are represented in magnitude

and direction by the two adjacent sides of a parallelogram,
then the resultant of these two forces is represented in
magnitude and direction by the diagonal of the
parallelogram passing through the same point

Magnitude of the resultant

R = P12 + P22 + 2P1P2Cos α
B C
P2
R
 Inclination of the resultant w.r.t. the force P1
  = tan-1 [(P2 Sin ) / (P1 + P2 Cos )]
O
P1 A

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Exercise

• Identify physical systems (with photos) where forces and

deformations occur in your respective Departmental
subjects.

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• Thank you

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Resultant of two concurrent forces

1. Parallelogram Law
R=?
 2. Triangle Method (tip-to-tail)

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