PLAN-A

Micro-Project Proposal

1.0 Aim of the Micro-Project:

The microprocessor is the main component of the computer where
8086 is the base of all upward developed processors till current
processors. This course will cover the basics of 8086 and its
architecture along with instruction set, assembly language
programming with effective use of the procedure, and macros. This
course also covers architectural issues such as instruction set
programs and data types. On top of that, the students are also
introduced to the increasingly important area of parallel organization.
This subject serves as a basis to develop hardware-related projects.
This course will enable the students to inculcate assembly language
programming concepts and methodology to solve problems.

2.0 Course Outcomes Addressed:

Analyze the functional block of 8086 microprocessors

3.0 Proposed methodology:

In this project, we know about the functional block of 8086
microprocessors.

4.0 Action Plan:

 lOMoARcPSD|3775

Name of
Sr. Details of Activity Planned Planned
responsible
No. Start Finish
Team members
Date Date

Identify the requirements of

1 24/04/2023 24/04/2023
the project.

2 Design the structure of the

project. 24/04/2023 24/04/2023

Input micro project

3 information in MS word 25/04/2023 25/04/2023

Create MS word file and 26/04/2023 26/04/2023

4 show file to guide

5 Preparing report 28/04/2023 28/04/2023

6 01/05/2023 01/05/2023
The report submitted to the
teacher.

 Resources Required:

Name Of Resources Remarks

Specification Quantity
Sr No Required
 INTEL I5- 12 GEN
1 LAPTOP 1

2 PRINTER CANNON 1

MS WORD
3 2021 1

 Team members:

Sr. Roll. number Name of Student

No.

ADITYA NIGDE
1 2156

JANVI KULKARNI
2 2157

3
2158 HARSHITA SHINGE

4
2159 RIYA YELAMKAR
 lOMoARcPSD|3775

PLAN-B Micro-Project Report

 Introduction:-
The 8086 is a sixteen-bit microprocessor. The term
sixteen-bit means that its arithmetic logic unit, its inner
registers, and the maximum of its commands are meant to
work with sixteen-bit binary statistics. The 8086 has a sixteen-
bit statistics bus, so it may read data from or write data to
memory and ports both sixteen bits or eight bits at a time. The
8086 has a 20 bit deal with bus, so it may deal with any one of
220, or 1,048,576 memory locations.

 Aim of the Micro-Project:

Analyze the functional block diagram of 8086 MICROPROCESSOR
  Project Objectives:
The functional block diagram of 8086 is split into functional
units.
(1) Bus Interface Unit
(2) Execution Unit

They are defined below:

1. Bus Interface Unit:

Bus Interface Unit is a gate (enhance) interface
among peripheral devices and processors. Through
the bus interface only, the processor can transfer and
obtain data. The bus interface unit contains :-
a) Instruction Queue
b) Segment Registers
c) Instruction Pointers

(a) Instruction Queue

In 8086 Processor, the instruction queue is a
six-byte register used to keep everlasting data from
the Input/Output (I/O) devices or processor. The
queue operates withinside the precept of First In
First Out (FIFO) precept. i.e., the primary data is
fetched, and data might be taken out first.
(b) Segment Register
In the 8086 Processor, there are 4 phase registers.
They are :-
1. ES – Extra Segment
2. CS – Code Segment
3. DS – Data Segment
 lOMoARcPSD|3775

4. SS – Stack Segment

The most memory access of the 8086 processor is

1 MB. Each section has a few predefined functions.
In the 8086 processor, every phase has a potential of
sixtyfour KB. So the 4 segments will save 256 KB of
memory places. The remaining memory places are free
and in those places, the user can carry out every other
process. These 4 phase registers will preserve the bottom
address of the corresponding section.

(c) Instruction Pointer (IP)

The instruction pointer will deliver the
subsequent address of the instruction to be executed.
Instruction Point can't be used for different purposes.

2. Execution Unit:
The execution unit contains

A. Control Unit
B. Instruction Decoders
C. ALU
D. General Purpose Registers
E. Flag Registers
(1) Address Generation:
The I/O processor can acquire data from the
memory only if those data have to is going out via
the address generation.

(2) General Purpose Registers:

AX, BX, CX, DX, SP, BP, SI, DI are General Purpose
Registers.

a. AX register (Accumulator):

AX register can keep sixteen-bit data only.

b. BX register:

BX register is the bottom register. It is used to

keep the bottom data (value).

c. CX register:

CX register is a code register (Count Register)

d. DX Register:

DX register is the data register. DX register is

used to store data.

e. SP (Stack Pointer):

Stack Pointer maintains the top of the stack.

The stack pointer operates withinside the
principle of Last In First Out (LIFO). Since
one region can store only eight-bit data, with
the purpose to store sixteen-bit data, memory
places are needed. So the stack pointer will
decrease via way of means of memory places if
data is taken.

f. BP (Base Pointer):
 lOMoARcPSD|3775

A base pointer is used to keep the base address of

the memory or stack.

g. SI (Source Index):

Source Index is used to keep the index value of

the supplied operand for string instructions.

h. DI (Destination Index):

I. DI is used to maintain the index value of the

destination operand for string instructions.
II. General cause registers are used for
containing data, intermediate results,
counters, mode of address, and additionally
for storing powerful addresses.

(3) Flag Registers:

The 3 control flags are:- 1.
Trap Flag (TF)
2. Interrupt flag (IF)
3. Direction Flag (DF)

a) Trap Flag (TP):

i) It is used for single-step control.
ii) It lets the user execute one guidance of program at a
time for debugging.
iii) When entice flag is set, the program may be
run in unmarried step mode.

b) Interrupt Flag (IF):

 i) It is an interrupt enable/disable flag.
ii) If it's far set, the maskable interrupt of 8086 is
enabled and if it's far reset, the interrupt is disabled.
iii) It may be set with the aid of using executing
guidance take a seat down and may be cleared with
the aid of using executing CLI instruction.

c) Direction Flag (DF):

i) It is utilized in string operation.
ii) If it's far set, string bytes are accessed from a better
reminiscence address to decrease the memory
address.
iii) When it's far reset, the string bytes are accessed
from decreased memory address to a better memory
address.

Instruction Format
 lOMoARcPSD|3775

Symbolic Representation

 Actual Resources Used:

Sr. Resources Specifications
No. required
1 Computer system
Computer, RAM Minimum 2GB

2 Internet Wikipedia
Windows/ Linux
3 Operating System

 Skills Developed:
1. Computer skills increase.

2. Communication skills improved.

 Applications of this Micro-Project :
Intel 8086 microprocessor is the
improved model of the Intel 8085
microprocessor. It turned into the design with
the aid of using Intel in 1976. The 8086
microprocessor is a16-bit, N-channel, HMOS
microprocessor. Where the HMOs are used
for
"High-speed Metal Oxide Semiconductor"
 Outputs of the Micro-Projects
In this micro project, we get all information
about the functional block of 8086 microprocessors It
became the first 16-bit processor having 16-bit ALU, 16-
bit registers, inner facts bus, and 16-bit outside data bus
resulting in quicker processing.

 Conclusion:
The microprocessor is the main component
of the computer where 8086 is the base of all
upward developed processors till current
processors. This course will cover the basics of
8086 and its architecture along with instruction set,
assembly language programming with effective use
of the procedure, and macros. This course also
covers architectural issues such as instruction set
programs and data types.
 lOMoARcPSD|3775

END

Muchhala Polytechni Thane (W)

Evaluation Sheet for Micro Projects
Acadamic Year :- Name of Faculty :-

Course :- Course Code :- Semester :-

Title of Project :-

Cos Address by Micro Projects :-

a)

b)

Major Learning Outcomes achieved by students by doing the project:-

a) Practical outcome :-

b) Unit outcomes :-

c) Outcomes in Affective Domain :-

Suggestions about Teamwork/Leadership personal communicaltion

(if any) :-

Marks out of Marks out of (4)

(6) For For performance Total
Roll No. Student Name
 performance in out of
in group oral/presentation (10)
activity

(Sign & Name of Faculty)