1 The diagram shows part of the human respiratory system. air entering the nose x (a) (i) The structures labelled X and Y change the volume of the lungs during breathing Name the structures X and Y. Xis Yis (ii) Describe how structures X and Y move to increase the volume of the lungs. (b) Mike and Rajiv plan an investigation to find out how running speed affects breathing rate. (i) Name the equipment they must use to measure their breathing rate. (ii) State one variable they need to change. (iii) State one variable they need to keep the same. (iv) Suggest one way they record and present their resus. 2] (2) a] ii) a] a]The elements in the periodic table have different chemical symbols. Draw lines to connect the element to its chemical symbol. element chemical symbol aluminium K argon Ca potassium Cc calcium Ar carbon Al [3]2. Sound waves can be seen on an oscilloscope trace. _ DRA AP ie wave B 7, WI _ (a) Which wave has the highest pitch? (t] (b) (i) Which wave is the loudest? 1 (ii) Which property of the wave makes it the loudest? Underline the answer from the list. low amplitude high amplitude low frequency high frequency fy]3 Akio eats some peanuts. (a) He looks at the back of this peanut packet It shows some of the nutrients found in 100g of peanuts. 100g of peanuts contains protein 24.89 fat 50.29 (i) These two nutrients do not add up to 100g. Name one other nutrient group found in peanuts (ii) Peanuts are a good source of protein Whatis the main use of protein in the body? Protein is a large complex molecule. It must be broken down into simpler chemicals. Where in the body is protein broken down?(b) Akio looks at the other information an the packet. 100g of peanuts contains percentage of GDA energy 2375 kd 29% protein 24.89 46% fat 50.29 167% iron 1.0mg 12% The GDA is the Guideline Daily Amount. (i) Akio must be careful about the amount of peanuts he eats each day. Give two reasons why ) fron is essential for human health Name ane other food rich in iron. t i) What is the main effect of iron deficiency?4 White light can be split into the visible spectrum: ted light white light visible spectrum violet light (a) What word describes the splitting of white light into different colours? Underline the answer from the list. absorption dispersion reflection refraction subtraction ft](b) The white light is split into colours (c) Pul the colours in the correct order as they appear in the visible spectrum. The first three have been done for you. colour order orange 2 green red 1 yellow 3 blue violet indigo (2] In the diagram, a prism is used to split the white light into different colours. Name something else that can split white light.5 Janya measures the speed of her dog running. (a) (i) Her dog runs 100m in 20 seconds. What is the average speed of the dog? Average speed is _ units sinaycled (ii) Why is it the average speed and not just the speed?(b) Janya draws three distance/time graphs of her dog running. For each graph describe the motion of the dog. Choose from: A The dog is running at a constant speed. B The dog is slewing dawn. © The dog is speeding up. D The dag is not moving. (i) asthe. Choose from A, B, Cor D time fi] (ii) distance Bann Choose from A, B, C orD time (i) (iii) f 1 distance 1 + Choose from A, B, C or D [i]6 Amrit investigates the enzyme amylase. She already knows these facts The enzyme amylase breaks down starch in the mouth. The pH in the mouth is 7. lodine solution is very dark blue when there is starch. lodine solution is yellow when there is no starch. (a) She uses this apparatus. acid alkali pHa pHit os starch amylase stopwatch measuring solution solution cylinder (i) Atwhich pH do you predict the enzyme amylase will work best? (tl(li) Amrit wants to check her prediction by doing an investigation. Some variables need to be kept the same and some need to be changed Tick (7) the variables she needs to keep the same. variable volume of starch added PH of the solution temperature of the solution volume of amylase added [1] Amrit wants to control risks when carrying out this investigation. Suggest one way she could make sure she is safe. (b) Amrit writes her results in a table. pH result | 3 stays dark blue | 5 changes from dark blue to yellow very slowly 7 changes from dark blue to yellow very quickly 9 changes from dark blue to yellow very slowly | 1 slays dark blue | (i), What conclusions can you draw from Amrit’s results? Suggest two different ways to improve Amrit's investigation. 17 Complete the word equations. (a) (b) +sodium - sodium chloride + oxygen > magnesium oxide ia (ec) iron + sulfur > i8 Francesco makes shapes with his hands. He shines a light behind them. This makes a shadow on a screen. shadow on sereen torch Francesco wants to change the size of the shadow. (a) (i) One way he could change the size of the shadow is to use someone with smaller hands. Predict what happens to the size of the shadow. (il) Suggest two other ways he could change the size of the shadow.9 Rusting is an example of a chemical reaction that is not useful. (a) Mia investigates the conditions needed for iron nails to rust. She uses this equipment. ——air —ail eset — boiled water clidiam chloride A B c water and air no air dry air (i) In which boiling tube will the nail go rusty? (ii) Complete the equation to describe this reaction Choose words from the list. aluminium carbon dioxide iron oxygen water nichemastunteomesay shea a rust 2] (b) Describe two things Mia could do to iron to stop it from rusting.10 Zoran has an unknown element. He wants to know if itis a metal or a non-metal. Zoran writes down his results. When I heated one end of the element, the other end got hot very quickly. The element did not dissolve in water. The element is an orange colour. (a) Do you think this element is a metal or a non-metal? Which one piece of evidence in Zoran’s results made you decide this? (b) Describe two other differences between metals and non-metals. 1 _ 2411 The growth rates of babies are checked regularly using growth charts. 105 | | | 95. T I 85 + 1 T I 754 J t height / cm | | | | 65 + T 55 — 45 | + T T T T 4 68 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 age / months Q {a) This growth chart measures the height of a healthy baby boy What other measurement of the baby boy could be used to draw a growth chart? ft) (b) Why is it important that doctors use growth charts? (c) A baby boy was 55cm at birth. He has a poor diet and is malnourished (is not fed enough). Draw a line on the growth chart to show the growth of this baby boy. ft]12 Chemicals can be elements or compounds. Tick (7) the box to show which chemicals are elements and which chemicals are compounds. The first one has been done for you chemical (formulae) element compound water (HO) carbon dioxide (CO2) vo hydrogen (Hz) helium (He) magnesium (Mg) [2]