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Math 121

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23 views4 pages

Math 121

Uploaded by

kinyuarisper2
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATH 125 – Discrete Mathematics

Instructions
1. Answer question ONE and any OTHER TWO questions from the remaining
FOUR
2. Show all your workings on the answer booklet provided.
3. Marks will be awarded for the correct working even if the answer is wrong.
4. Marks for each Part of a question are as shown.
5. Start a new question on a fresh page.

QUESTION ONE – 30 MARKS

a) Let *be a binary operation on the set of integers, defined by


a * b = a + b − ab for every a, b  Z . Determine whether or not * is
i. Commutative
ii. Associative
iii. Find an identity element with respect to * if it exists 5 Marks.
b) Find the product of the polynomials f ( x) = 4 x 3 − 2 x 2 + 3x − 1and
g ( x) = 3x 2 − x − 4 over Z 4 4 Marks.
c) By use of examples, differentiate partial and total ordering 4 Marks.

d) Determine the validity of the following argument


S 1 : Thieves are jailed
S 2 : Serious people read good books
S 3 : Graduates are serious people
Conclusion: No graduate is thief 3 Marks.

e) Let A, B and C be three finite sets with A = 8, B = 10, C = 8, A  B = 5,


A  C = 4, B  C = 7 and A  B  C = 13 . Find A  B  C .
4 Marks.

f) Find the product of the polynomials f ( x) = 7 x 3 − 4 x 2 + 3x − 11 and


g ( x) = 15 x 3 + 3x 2 − x − 14 over Z 5 4 Marks

e) Let R be a relation defined on the set A = {0,1,2,3} containing the ordered pairs
(0,1), (1,1),(1,2),(2,0),(2,2) and (3,0). Determine

i. The reflexive closure of R


ii. The symmetric closure of R 4 Marks
f) Translate the logical equivalence (T  T )  F = T into an identity in Boolean
algebra 2 Marks

.
QUESTION TWO – 20 MARKS.

a) Given the propositional variables,


p: The day was June 23rd 2020
q: Four out of six patients tested positive of Covid.
r: Two patients succumbed to Covid(died).
Write the following statements in terms of p, q, r and the logical connectives.
i) The day was June 23rd 2020 and the four patients out the six were confirmed
positive of Covid.
ii) If two patients died, then the day June 23rd 2020 and the hospital confirmed the
four out of the six tested positive of Covid.
iii) Represent the statement in ii) above using their respective propositional
variables. Construct a truth table for the statement. State with reasons the type
of compound statement this is.
8 Marks.

b) Show that ( p → q )  {(~p)  q}


2 Marks

a) Prove the DeMorgan’s law in Boolean algebra ( x + y) ' = x ' y ' 5 Marks

b) d. (i) Explain the following terminologies as used in set theory


- Power set
- Set cardinality

(ii) Find P (A) of A = { (a,b), (c), (d,f,g) } 5 Marks.

QUESTION THREE – 20 MARKS

a) Use Euclidean Algorithm to find the gcd of 711 and 663, and express it as a linear
combination of 711 and 663. 5 Marks
(ii)Find all the integers x which are a solution to the following congruence
relation 663 x  6 mod 711 5 Marks

b) Let Z = { x / x is an integer }, Constitute two subsets A 1 and A 2 such that they

are a partition of Z.
4 Marks

c) Prove by mathematical induction that


n(n + 1)(n + 2)
1 2 + 2 2 + 3 2 + 4 2 + ---------------------+ n 2 =
6
6 Marks
QUESTION FOUR – 20 MARKS.

a) a) Consider the third order homogeneous recurrence relation an = 2an−1 + 3an−2


i. Find the general solution 5 Marks
ii. Find the initial solution given a0 = 1a1 = 3, 5 Marks
marks)
c. What are Bell Numbers
Let S = {1, 2, 3} find the Bell Number of Set S. 5 marks

1 2
d) Given that f ( x) = x + and g ( x) = 3x − 2 , find
3 3
i) ( g  f )( x)
ii) ( f  g )(x)
5 Marks.

QUESTION FIVE - 20 MARKS

( )( )
a) Simplify the Boolean expression A • B + A + B by using De Mogarn’s laws and
the rules of Boolean algebra.
4 Marks

b) With the aid of a diagrammatic explanation, device a logic system that meets the
( )( )
requirements of P + Q • R + S
5 Marks

a) Use the principle of mathematical induction to prove that


(n + 1)(2n + 1)(2n + 3)
12 + 32 + 5 2 + ..... + (2n + 1) 2 =
3
6 Marks.

c) Differentiate between a binary operator and a postulates 5 Marks

Good Luck

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