Flowchart: ফফফফ ফফফফফ ফফফ ফফফ ফফফফ ফফফফফফফফফ ফফ

ফফফফফফ ফফফ ফফফফফফফফফফ ফফ ফফফফফফফফফ ফফফফফফফফ ফফফ

ফফফ

Flow Chart ফফফফফ ফফফফ ফফফফফ ফফফফফফফফফ ফফফফফফ ফফফ

ফফফফ ফফফফফ

 ফফফফফফফ ফফফফফফফ ফফফফফফ ফফফফফ ফফ ফফফফফ ফফফ

ফফফ ফফফফ ফফফফফফ ফফফফ ফফফফ ফফফফ ফফফফ
 ফফফফফফফফফ ফফফফফফ ফফফফফ ফফফফফফফফফফফ ফফফফ ফফফ
ফফফফ ফফফ ফফফফফ ফফফ No Box No Mark.
 ফফফফ ফফফফফ ফফফফ ফফফ ফফফফফ (  ) ফফফফফফফ ফফফফ
ফফফফ
 ফফফফফ ফফফফফফফফফ ফফফফফ (1.) ফফফফফ ফফফফফফফফফফ
ফফফফফ ফফফফফফফ ফফফফ ফফফফফফফ ফফফফ ফফফফফ ফফফফ
 ফফফফফফফফফফ ফফফফফফ ফফফফফ ফফফ ফফ ফফফফফ ফফফফফ
(Capital Letters) ফফফফফফফ ফফফফ ফফফফ
 ফফফফফ ফফফফ ফফফফফ ফফফফফ ফফ Punctuation Marks ফফফফফফ
ফফফফ ফফফ ফফফফফ (, .) ফফফ ফফ ফফফফফফফফ
 ফফফফফফফফফ ফফফফফ ফফফ ফফফ ফফফফফ ফফফফ ফফফফ ফফফফ
ফফফফফ ফফফ , ফফফফফ ফফফফফফ ফফফফ ফফফ
ফফফফফফফফ(Phrase) ফফফফফফ ফফফফফ ফফফ ফফফফফ ফফফ ফফফ
Subject ফফফফফফফ ফফফ ফফফফ ফফফ
 ফফফ ফফফফফফ possesive ফফফফফ his, her, my, our, its etc.
ফফফফফফফ ফফফফ ফফফফ ফফফফফ ফফফফ
 ফফফফফফফফফ ফফফফফ ফফফ ফফফফফ ফফফফফ Article ফ Adverb
ফফফফফফফ ফফফফফফ ফফফ ফফফফফ
  ফফফফফ ফফফ ফফফফফফফ ফফফফফফফ ফফফফফফফফফ ফফ
ফফফফফফ ফফফফ ফফফফ ফফফফ ফফফফফ

Structure Example
Enlightening the individual,
a. Verb + ing + noun/noun phrase Broadening our outlook, Ennobling
our mind, Refining our sensibility,
Learning about a society’s culture
By increasing popularity of band
b. By + verb + ing + noun/noun and pop music, By traveling by the
phrase British, By using language and
music, By using the tools and objects
For having a glorious past, For
discharging tannery wastes, For
c. For + verb + ing + noun/noun discharging medical wastes, For
Phrase discharging hospital wastes, For
discharging household wastes, For
encroaching of the river
To tame wild animals, To ride on a
Tiger, To defeat a crocodile, To
d. To + verb + noun/noun phrase protect from wild animals, To hold a
snake in his hand, To help people
cultivate land
Loss of popularity of entertainment,
e. Noun + of + noun Phrase Source of entertainment, Medium of
distance education, Instrument of
 information, Creation of cultural
assault
Born in 1929, Given a diary in 1942,
f. Verb + Others Spent from 1942 to 1944 in hiding,
Wrote diary, Died in 1945, Published
the diary in 1947
g. Adverbial/preposition + By proper planning, For higher
noun/noun phrase education
h. Be verb ( am,is, are,was, were) must be avoided and adding (Be + Ing).

Phrases Definition:

A phrase is a group of words having no subject and finite verb which gives
meaning to a sentence.

Phrase ফফফফ ফফফফফফফফফ ফফফফ ফফফ subject ফফফ finite verb ফফফফ
ফফ ফ ফফ ফফফফ sentence ফফ ফফফফফফফফফ ফফফ ফফফফফ

Example:

 He is indeed a man of parts.

 Life is not a bed of roses.

 She has no kith and kin

The words in bold letters don’t have any subject and finite verb but still giving the
sentence a meaning. They are phrases.
Bold ফফফফফফফ ফফফফফফফফফ ফফফ subject ফফফ finite verb ফফফ
ফফফফফফ ফফফ sentenceফফফফ ফফফফ ফফফফ ফফফফফফফ ফফফফফ
phraseফ

Types of Phrases:

There are generally nine types of phrases (Phrase ফফফফফফফ: ফফ ফফফফফ):

1. Noun Phrase.

2. Verb Phrase

3. Adverbial Phrase

4. Adjective Phrase

5. Prepositional Phrase

6. Conjunctional Phrase

7. Interjectional Phrase

8. Participial Phrase

9. Absolute Phrase

Noun phrase ফফফ ফফফফফ ফফ:

1. Appositive Phrase

2. Gerund Phrase

3. Infinitive Phrase.

Noun Phrase:

The group of words that perform the task of a noun is called Noun Phrase. Noun
phrases are of three types:
ফফ ফফফফফফফফফ noun ফফ ফফফ ফফফ ফফফফ Noun Phrase ফফফফ Noun
phrase ফফফ ফফফফফ ফফ:

i. Appositive Phrase:

A noun phrase that renames another noun, not technically modifies it is called
an appositive phrase.

ফফ noun phrase ফফফফ ফফফফ nounফফ ফফফফ ফফফ ফফফ ফফফ,

ফফফফফফফফফফ ফফফফফফ ফফফ ফফ ফফফফ appositive phrase ফফফফ

Example:

 Nachiketa, my favorite singer, is coming to Dhaka.

ii. Gerund Phrase:

A noun phrase with a gerund as its head is called a gerund phrase.

ফফ noun phrase ফফ ফফফফফফ gerund ফফফফফ ফফফফ ফফফফ gerund

phrase ফফফফ

Example:

 I love listening to music.

iii. Infinitive Phrase:

An infinitive phrase refers to a noun phrase containing an infinitive at the

beginning.

ফফ noun phrase ফফ ফফফফফফ ফফফফ infinitive ফফফফ ফফফফ infinitive

phrase ফফফফ

Example:
  I love to listen to music.

Verb Phrase:

The group of words that perform the task of the verb is called Verb Phrase. A
verb phrase has more than one verbs, one is a principal verb, and others are
auxiliary verbs, such as am, is, are, was, were, be, being, have, had, has, shall,
should, etc.

ফফ ফফফফফফফফফ verb ফফ ফফফ ফফফ ফফফফ Verb Phrase ফফফফ

ফফফফ verb phrase ফ ফফফফফফ verb ফফফফ, ফফফফ ফফফ verb ফফফ
ফফফফফফফ ফফফফফফফফফফফ verb, ফফফফ, am, is, are, was, were, be, being,
have, had has, shall, should, ফফফফফফফফ

Example:

 I was reading my favorite book yesterday.

 They were going to the concert.

Adverbial Phrase:

The group of words that perform the task of the adverb is called Adverbial
Phrase. An adverbial phrase also has other words apart from adverbs such as noun,
verb, preposition, and modifiers which function like an adverb in the sentence.

ফফ ফফফফফফফফফ adverb ফফ ফফফ ফফফ ফফফফ Adverbial Phrase ফফফফ

ফফফফ adverbial phrase ফ adverb ফফফফফ ফফফফফফফফ ফফফফ ফফফফ:
noun, verb, preposition ফফফ modifiers ফফফফ ফফ sentence ফ adverb ফফ ফফফ
ফফফফ

Example:

 I came here
  Once upon a time, he lived here.

 She said it in a polite way.

Adjective Phrase:

The phrase that performs the function of an adjective is called Adjective Phrase.

ফফ phrase adjective ফফ ফফফ ফফফ ফফফফ Adjective Phrase ফফফফ

Example:

 The girl is always full of life.

 She is slow and steady.

 This rule is now null and void.

Prepositional Phrase:

The phrase which has a preposition as its head and functions as an adjective,
adverb or noun in a sentence is called a prepositional phrase. Generally, a
prepositional phrase starts with a preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun.

ফফ phrase ফফ ফফফফফফ ফফফফ preposition ফফফফ ফফফ ফফ ফফফফ

sentence ফ adjective, adverb ফফ noun ফফ ফফফ ফফফ ফফফফ prepositional
phrase ফফফফ ফফফফফফফ: ফফফফ prepositional phrase ফফফফ preposition
ফফফফ ফফফফ ফফ ফফফ ফফফফ noun ফফ pronoun ফফফফ ফফফ ফফফ

Example:

 The students with whom I met at the varsity were friendly.

 The salesman sells from door to door.

 We are on the way to Dhaka.

Conjunctional Phrase:

The phrase which functions as a conjunction is called a conjunctional phrase.

ফফ phrase ফফফফ conjunction ফফ ফফ ফফফ ফফফ ফফফফ conjunctional

phrase ফফফফ

Example:

 We started our journey as soon as the rain stopped.

 Please come as quickly as you can.

 She is not only magnificently gorgeous but also brilliantly intellectual.

Interjectional Phrase:

The phrase which functions like an interjection is called an interjectional phrase.

ফফ phrase ফফফফ interjection ফফ ফফ ফফফ ফফফ ফফফফ interjectional

phrase ফফফফ

Example:

 What a miracle! She has come to the program.

 My goodness! What have you done?

 For heaven’s sake! Don’t go there.

Participial Phrase:

A phrase which has a present or past participle as its head is called a participial
phrase.

ফফ phrase ফফ ফফফফফফ ফফফফ present ফফ past participle ফফফফ

ফফফফ participial phrase ফফফফ
Example:

 The women sitting by the river were gossiping.

 Coming home, I came to know the truth.

 She was drinking water in a glass made of stone.

Absolute Phrase:

The phrase which has a subject but no finite verb and modifies the whole sentence,
not a noun is called an absolute phrase.

ফফ phrase ফফ ফফফফ subject ফফফ ফফফফফফ ফফফ finite verb ফফফ ফফফ
ফফ ফফফফফফফফ sentenceফফফফ ফফফফফফফফ ফফফ ফফফফ ফফফফ noun
ফফ ফফ, ফফফফ absolute phrase ফফফফ

Example:

 My friend finally coming back to this country, I will be able to share my

thoughts and idea with her.

 Her arrival at the last moment, we all were relieved from tension.