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Exp.5 Prallel D.C Circuits

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محمد ابو خضير
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18 views10 pages

Exp.5 Prallel D.C Circuits

Uploaded by

محمد ابو خضير
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Experiment 53

Experiment

Parallel
Ohm’s DC Circuits
Law

Objectives:
To examine of basic parallel DC circuits with resistors.
A key element is Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL).
Which states that the sum of currents entering a node
must equal the sum of the currents exiting that node.

 Theory Overview
A parallel circuit is defined by the fact that all components share two common
nodes. As shown in Figure 5.1. The voltage is the same across all components and
will equal the applied source voltage. The total supplied current may be found by
dividing the voltage source by the equivalent parallel resistance. It may also be found
by summing the currents in all of the branches. The current through any resistor
branch may be found by dividing the source voltage by the resistor value.
Consequently, the currents in a parallel circuit are inversely proportional to the
associated resistances. An alternate technique to find a particular current is the current
divider rule.

Figure 5.1: Parallel DC circuit.


Since the two resistors, R1, R2 and R2 are wired together in a parallel connection; they
all have the same voltage. Thus Vs= VR1=VR2=VR3, since Vs is same Vequ, giving by KCL:

Iequ= I1+I2+I3
V equ V 1 V 2 V 3
= + +
Requ R1 R2 R3
1 1 1 1
= + + ,since Requ is the total resistance
R equ R 1 R 2 R3

:Example 1

Three resistors of values: 2 Ω, 3 Ω and 6 Ω, respectively are connected in parallel across


a 10 volt battery supply. As shown in Figure 5.2. Calculate:
a) The voltage difference between each resistance (V1, V2 and V3).
b) The equivalent resistance (Requ).
c) The current pass through each resistance (ammeters readings).

Figure 5.2: Resistors are connected in parallel connection.


Solutions:
a) VAB = V1 = V2 = V3 = 10 V.
1 1 1 1
b) = + +
R equ R 1 R 2 R3

1 1 1 1
= + +
R equ 2 3 6

1 6 4 2 12
= + + =
R equ 12 12 12 12
Requ = 1 Ω.

c) V1 = R1 × I1
10 = 2 × I1
I1 = 5 A.

V2 = R2 ×I2
10 = 3 × I2
I2 = 3.33 A.

V 3 = R 3 × I3
10 = 6 ×I3
I2 = 1.67 A.

 Schematics

Follow the steps to build the DC parallel circuit and testing it.

1. Connect three resistors in parallel in the breadboard as shown in Figure 5.3.

Figure 5.3: Resistors connected in parallel.


2. Connect the battery as shown in Figure 5.4.

.Figure 5.4: Connecting the battery to the parallel circuit

3. Set the DMM to read DC current and insert it in the circuit. Remember, ammeters
go in-line and require the circuit to be opened for proper measurement. The red
lead should be placed closer to the positive source terminal as shown in Figure
5.5.
.Figure 5.5: The procedure for testing the current in DC parallel circuit

Measure current for each of the three resistors, comparing with the current figures
calculated previously. With the digital ammeter connected as shown, all three indications
should be positive, not negative. Now, measure total circuit current, keeping the
ammeter’s red probe on the same point of the circuit, but disconnecting the wire leading
to the positive (+) side of the battery and touching the black probe to it:
.Figure 5.6: The procedure for testing the total current

4. Set the DMM to measure DC voltage. Place the DMM probes across R1 and
measure its voltage. Again, red lead should be placed closer to the positive source
terminal. As shown in Figure 5.7. Repeat this process for the voltages across R2
and R3.
.Figure 5.7: The procedure for testing the voltage in the DC parallel circuit

 Write your own conclusion:


Faculty of Aviation Sciences
Electrical Fundamentals Lab (1)

Post lab (5)


Experiment (5)
Parallel DC Circuits

:Student name
:Student ID
Exercise 1:

Using the circuit of Figure 5.8 with R1 =R2= 50 k (Green- brown-orange- gold), R3
=R4= 5 K (Green- brown-red- gold), and V = 3 volts. Find the requested values in Table
5.1:

.Figure 5.8: DC parallel circuit with four resistors

.Table 5.1: Exercise 1


Values Theory (I) Measured )I ( Deviation

I1

I2

I3

I4

ITotal

Exercise 1: Simulation

Build the circuit of Figure 5.8 in a simulator. Using the virtual DMM as an ammeter
determine the currents through the four resistors along with Itotal, and compare these to the
theoretical and measured values recorded in Table 5.1.
The best way to predict your future is to create
it.

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