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Worksheet and Key ANS, ARAGAWI

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93 views4 pages

Worksheet and Key ANS, ARAGAWI

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bereket tekle
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Worksheet Workout

1. Select by calculation the ropes, pulleys and drum required for an electric overhead travelling crane
with a lifting magnet of the hoisting equipment. Given data: Lifting capacity Q=5,000kg; Lifting
height H=8m; Weight of lifting magnet G=2,000kg; Weight of lifting tackle Go=145kg; Number of
rope parts Z=4; Number of bends n=3; Number of wires i=222; K6;  =0.94; Medium service duty;
𝜎𝑏 = 16000𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2
Find:- Rope tension?, Dmin/d ratio?, Rope cross section?, Rope &wire diameter?, Drum diameter?, Diameter
of compensating pulley? Drum radius?, Drum Pitch? Number of turns?, Drum length?, cast Iron drum
thickness?

2. Select a wire rope for a vertical mine hoist to lift a load of 55 kN from a depth 300 metres. A rope
speed of 500 metres / min is to be attained in 10 seconds.
Find:- take wire type from the table, design load for wire rope, dimeter of rope, diameter of wire, area of rope,
weight of the rope, diameter of sheave, acceleration of rope, load due to Acceleration, load during starting,
effective load on the rope during normal working, effective load on the rope during starting, effective load on
the rope during acceleration, actual factor of safety during normal working, actual factor of safety during
starting and actual factor of safety during acceleration of the load. Is the actual safety factor calculation is safe
or not and the selection of the rope type & diameter is safe or not?

3. Determine the braking torque for hoisting and travelling mechanisms of an electric overhead crane.
Given data: Lifting capacity Q = 5,000 kg; Span Lcr = 14 m; Load lifting (or lowering) speed Vload =
10 m/min; Trolley traverse speed Vtrol = 45 m/min; Crane travelling speed Vcr = 100 m/min; Power
supply – three phase 380V; Duty – medium (DF = 25%)
Determining the braking torque of the hoisting mechanism (Static braking power?, Dynamic torque?, Torque
required for braking?, and Braking torque?) Determining the braking torque of the crane travelling mechanism
(Resistance to motion disregarding friction of the travelling wheel flanges without coefficient ?, Static braking power?,
Dynamic torque in braking?, and Actual braking torque Mbr for designing the brake of the crane travelling mechanism?

4. Design a chain drive to actuate a compressor from 15 kW electric motor running at 1000 r.p.m., the
compressor speed being 350 r.p.m. The minimum centre distance is 500 mm. The compressor
operates 16 hours per day. The chain tension may be adjusted by shifting the motor on slides.
Find:- velocity ratio of chain drive, Number of teeth on the larger sprocket or gear, Load factor (K 1),
Lubrication factor (K2), Rating factor (k3), Service factor, design power, pitch, pitch circle diameter of the
smaller & larger sprocket and length of the chain.

5. Design a simple band brake with a ratchet wheel for a band-operated winch. Given data: Actual
braking torque Mbr = 1,500kgf.cm; Diameter of the brake drum D = 30cm; Width of band b = 50mm;
Lever arms were assumed to be equal to a =50mm; 1 = 700mm and 0 =800mm; Take  =0.15; 
=2250; e =1.8
Find:- the peripheral force on the surface of the brake drum?,Tension in the running-off?, Magnitude of the weight?,
Effort applied by the operator?, Travel of the brake lever at full release?, Tension in the on-coming?, maximum unit
Pressure?, Tensile stress in the band for steel CT 3? Shearing stress in the rivets (n1 = 2 & n = 3)?, Module of the ratchet
wheel? Peripheral force on the outside diameter?, Pressure on a unit length of the ratchet wheel tooth?, and Diameter of
the ratchet wheel pawl pivot?
Key Answers for the workout worksheet

Question No 1.

➢ Rope tension = 1,900kg


➢ Dmin/d ratio for n=3 is 23
➢ Rope cross section =1.725cm2 (172.5mm2) the nearest value of the cross-sectional area A
for a rope with 222 wires is 174.4mm2.
➢ Rope diameter, d = 22mm, wire diameter,  = 1mm, breaking load of the rope = 27,900kg.
The maximum permissible tension in the rope should not exceed 4,650kg Since the maximum
tension is 1,900kg, then the choice of the rope is correct.
➢ Drum diameter = Dmin = 550mm then take D = 600mm
➢ Diameter of compensating pulley = D1 = 360mm then take D1 = 400mm
➢ Drum radius = r1= 9mm
➢ Drum Pitch = s = 19mm
➢ Number of turns = 11turns
➢ Drum length = 829 mm
➢ Cast Iron drum thickness = 2.2 cm(22mm)
Question No.2

➢ Take rope 6x19 from table then design load for wire rope =825 KN
➢ Dimeter of rope =37.2mm round 38mm
➢ Diameter of wire = 2.4 mm
➢ Area of rope =550 mm2
➢ Weight of the rope = 15,720 N
➢ Diameter of sheave = 3800 mm
➢ Acceleration of rope = 0.83 m/s2
➢ Load due to Acceleration =5983 N
➢ Load during starting = 141, 440 N
➢ Effective load on the rope during normal working = 99,870 N
➢ Effective load on the rope during starting =170,590 N
➢ Effective load on the rope during acceleration = 105,853N
➢ The actual factor of safety during normal working= 8.26
➢ The actual factor of safety during starting = 4.836
➢ The actual factor of safety during acceleration of the load =7.8
➢ Since, the actual safety factor calculation above are safe, thence a wire rope of diameter 38mm
and 6 x 19 type is satisfactory.
Question No.3

Determining the braking torque of the hoisting mechanism


➢ Static braking power Nbr=8.9hp, M’st =6.2 kg-cm
➢ Dynamic torque M’dy =5.91 kg-m
➢ Torque required for braking Mbr = 12.53 kg-m
➢ Braking torque Mbr = 13.24 kg-m
Determining the braking torque of the crane travelling mechanism
➢ Resistance to motion disregarding friction of the travelling wheel flanges without coefficient
 W= 370kg
➢ Static braking power Nbr=9.7 hp, M’st= 7.2 kg-m
➢ Dynamic torque in braking M’dy = 26.7 kg-m
➢ Actual braking torque Mbr for designing the brake of the crane travelling mechanism Mbr
=19.5 kg-m
Question No 4.

➢ Velocity ratio of chain drive = 2.86 round to 3


➢ Number of teeth on the larger sprocket or gear =71.5 round to 72
➢ Load factor (K1) = 1.5
➢ Lubrication factor (K2) = 1
➢ Rating factor (k3) = 1.25
➢ Service factor =1.875
➢ Design power =28.125kw round 28KW
➢ Pitch =19.05 mm
➢ Pitch circle diameter of the smaller sprocket =152 mm
➢ Pitch circle diameter of the larger sprocket = 436 mm
➢ Length of the chain =.2096 mm
Question No 5.

➢ Peripheral force on the surface of the brake drum F=100kgf


➢ Tension in the running-off Soff= 125kgf
➢ Magnitude of the weight G= 10kgf
➢ Effort applied by the operator F=8.75kgf ,which can be easily accomplished.
➢ Travel of the brake lever at full release hrel= 5mm, h=80mm
➢ Tension in the on-coming Son=225kgf
➢ maximum unit Pressure Pmax=3 kg/cm2 which is much below the safe limit (for a lowering
brake-up to 15 kg/cm2)
➢ Tensile stress in the band for steel CT 3 =220 kgf/cm2
➢ Shearing stress in the rivets (n1 =2 & n =3) = 75 kgf/cm2; unit compressive stress max=315
kgf/cm2, both stresses are below the safe limits of steel CT 2.
➢ Module of the ratchet wheel m=10mm
➢ Peripheral force on the outside diameter Dx=160mm; Pper= 190kgf
➢ Pressure on a unit length of the ratchet wheel tooth P=75kgf / cm2
➢ Diameter of the ratchet wheel pawl pivot dpowl=22mm

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