CRI 161: Intro.

to Philippine CJS
Module #3 Student Activity Sheet

Name:_____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Date:_______________

Lesson Title: Concept of Criminal, Victim, and Victimization Materials: Ballpen, Paper,
Theories Notebook & SAS

Learning Targets: Reference:

At the end of the module, students will be able to: Textbook: Abalde, F.A. and Caño,
G.J. (2019). Introduction to
1 Distinguish the term criminal in layman and legal perspective; and Philippine Criminal Justice System.
2. Apply the terms used to a person who commits a crime in every Rex Book Store Inc.
stage or level of the justice system. Salamanca, B.H and Miguel M.V
(2019). Criminal Justice System

LESSON PREVIEW/REVIEW
Introduction (2 mins)
Have a pleasant day! How was your day, as you knew from the
previous activity, the “Concept of Crime and Justice” we had enumerated
the characteristics of criminal law, the definition of Bill of Attainder and Ex
post facto law. At this point, let us activate another lesson entitled the
“Criminal and Victim and the Victimization Theories”. The lesson
objectives are first, you have to distinguish the term criminal in layman and
legal perspective; and second, apply the terms used to a person who
commits a crime in every stage or level of the justice system. Are you ready? Let’s start and learn.

B.MAIN LESSON

Who is a Criminal?
A person who committed a crime and convicted by final judgment.

The term criminal is used both in layman and legal perspective.

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 CRI 161: Intro. to Philippine CJS
Module #3 Student Activity Sheet

Name:_____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Date:_______________

In the legal sense, criminal refers to any person who has been found to have committed a wrongful
act in the course of the standard judicial processes.
In the criminology sense, a person is already considered as the criminal the moment he committed
any anti-social act even without conviction.
Victimology is the scientific study of the psychological effects of crime and
the relationship between victims and offenders.

A victim is defined as a person who has suffered physical or emotional harm,

property damage, or economic loss as a result of a crime.

Theories of Victimization
Theory of Victimization deals with the role that the victim plays in the criminal
event.

1. VICTIM PRECIPITATION THEORY

• According to victim precipitation theory, some people may actually initiate the
confrontation that eventually leads to their injury or death.
• In 1971, Menachem Amir suggested female rape victims often contribute to their attacks
by... pursuing a relationship with the rapist.
• A woman may become the target of domestic violence when she increases her job status and
her success results in a backlash from a jealous spouse or partner.
Victim Impulsivity:
• A number of research efforts have found that both male and female victims have an impulsive
personality that might render them abrasive and obnoxious, characteristics that might incite
victimization.
• It is possible that impulsive people are not only antagonistic and therefore more likely to become
targets, but they also are risk takers who get involved in dangerous situations and fail to take
precautions.

2. LIFESTYLE THEORY
• Some criminologists believe people may become crime victims because their lifestyle increases
their exposure to criminal offenders.
Examples:
• Single women who drink frequently and have a prior history of being sexually assaulted are
most likely to be assaulted on [college] campus.
• People who belong to groups that have extremely risky lives— homeless, runaways, drug
users—are at high risk for victimization; the more time they are exposed to street life, the
greater their risk of becoming crime victims.

3. DEVIANT PLACE THEORY

• The more often victims visit dangerous places, the more likely they will be exposed to crime

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 CRI 161: Intro. to Philippine CJS
Module #3 Student Activity Sheet

Name:_____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Date:_______________

and violence. Victims do not encourage crime, but are victim prone because they reside
in socially disorganized high-crime areas where they have the greatest risk of coming into
contact with criminal offenders, irrespective of their own behavior or lifestyle.

4. ROUTINE ACTIVITIES THEORY

• The volume and distribution of predatory crime (violent crimes against a person and crimes in
which an offender attempts to steal an object directly) are closely related to the interaction
of three variables that reflect the routine activities of the typical American lifestyle:
a. The availability of suitable targets, such as homes containing easily saleable goods.
b. The absence of capable guardians, such as police, homeowners, neighbors, friends, and
relatives. Even the most desperate criminal might hesitate to attack a well-defended target [A]n
undefended yet attractive target (not referring to sexual) becomes an irresistible objective for
motivated criminals.
c. The presence of motivated offenders, such as a large number of unemployed teenagers.

What is the different designation of a person under the pillars of Phil.

Criminal Justice System?

Pillars Designation

Law Enforcement/ Police At this stage a person is called SUSPECT.

Prosecution At this stage a person is called RESPONDENT.

Court At this stage a person is called ACCUSED.

Correction At this stage a person is called CRIMINAL.

Community At this stage a person is called EX-CONVICT.

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 CRI 161: Intro. to Philippine CJS
Module #3 Student Activity Sheet

Name:_____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Date:_______________

Score: over 10
Skill Building Activities
Part.I Instructions: See the attached pictures below, identify and differentiate the
terms used to a person who commits a crime in every stage or level of the justice
system. Limit your answer into 2 sentences.

Answer:

Answer:

Score: over 10

Part II. Instructions: Study the image below and then explain what the picture is trying to say. Limit
your answer to five (5) sentences only. Will you consider the other person as a criminal and the woman
as victim? Write it on the space provided.

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 CRI 161: Intro. to Philippine CJS
Module #3 Student Activity Sheet

Name:_____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Date:_______________

Answer:

Check for
Understanding Score: over 5
Part I. Multiple Choice Questions

Instructions: Read the statements below regarding the concept of criminal, victim,
and victimization theories. Just encircle the letter of the best choice. (5 points)

1. Defined as a person who has suffered physical or emotional harm, property damage, or economic loss
as a result of a crime.

a. Victim c. Suspect
b. Criminal d. Respondent
2. What particular victimization theory states that some people may actually initiate the confrontation that
eventually leads to their injury or death?

a. Lifestyle Theory c. Deviant Place Theory

b. Victim Precipitation Theory d. Routine Activity Theory
3. What particular victimization theory states that people may become crime victims because their lifestyle
increases their exposure to criminal offenders?

a. Lifestyle Theory c. Deviant Place Theory

b. Victim Precipitation Theory d. Routine Activity Theory
4. Refers to the scientific study of the psychological effects of crime and the relationship between victims
and offenders.
-

a. Criminal Justice System

b. Criminology
c. Criminalistics
d. Victimology
5. A person who committed a crime and convicted by final judgment.
a. Victim c. Suspect
b. Criminal d. Respondent

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 CRI 161: Intro. to Philippine CJS
Module #1 Teacher’s Guide

Name:_____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Date:_______________

Score: over 5

Part II. Instructions: In this activity, let us focus on the criminal perspective. Let’s do a recap of the
things you read based from our topic by matching the column A to column B. (1 point each)

Column A Column B

___________1. Persons of interest a. Accused

___________2. Suspect b. Criminal

__________3. Prosecution c. when there is one suspected person

left

___________4. Court d. if there are several suspicious

persons

___________5. Corrections e. Respondent

C.LESSON WRAP-UP

Q1. Is suspect and criminal the same?

Answer: Based on its legal aspect, suspect and criminal are not the same. Suspect is a person whose
guilt is considered to have reasonable ground to be of practical possibility. Criminal is a person who
committed an act in violation of law. There is a real judgment of conviction.

Q2. What is criminal in layman and legal perspective?

Answer: In layman’s term criminal is any person who commits a crime while based on the legal aspect,
criminal is a person charged of a crime, brought before the trial court and found by the same as guilty of
the crime charged.

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 CRI 161: Intro. to Philippine CJS
Module #1 Teacher’s Guide

Name:_____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Date:_______________

Thinking About Learning

Work Tracker
You are done with this session! Let’s track your progress. Shade the session
number you just completed today and that is Day 2 under P1.

ANSWER KEY:

Rubrics on Skill Building Part I. & Part II. Rate

Organization of thoughts 4
Grammar 3
Readability 2
Cleanliness 1
TOTAL= 10 points
Suggested Answer on Check for Understanding Part I.

1. A 4. D
2. B 5. B
3. A
Suggested Answer on Check for Understanding Part II.
1. D
2. C
3. E
4. A
5. B

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