Engineering Mathematics-I (KAS-103T)

Question Bank
Unit-I
Matrices
1. Define the matrix. Find the inverse of a matrix A, by applying elementary transformation
0 1 2 0 1 2
(i) 𝐴 = [1 2 3] (ii) 𝐴 = [1 2 3]
3 1 1 3 3 1
2. Find the inverse of a matrix A, by applying elementary transformation
0 2 1 3
3 −3 4
1 1 −1 −2
(i) 𝐴=[ ] (ii)𝐴 = [2 −3 4]
1 2 0 1
0 −1 1
−1 1 2 6
2 3 −1 −1
1 −1 −2 −4
3. Define rank of a matrix, and calculate rank of matrix 𝐴 = [ ]
3 1 3 −2
6 3 0 −7
1 2 −1 4
2 4 3 4
4. Reduce the matrix A to its normal form when 𝐴 = [ ]. Hence find the rank of A
1 2 3 4
−1 −2 6 7
1 2 3 2
5. Reduce the matrix A to its normal form and find its rank: 𝐴 = [2 3 5 1]
1 3 4 5
1 1 2 3
1 3 0 3
6. Find the rank of matrix 𝐴 = [ ] by reducing to its normal form.
1 −2 −3 −3
1 1 2 3
7. Find two non-singular matrix P and Q such that PAQ is the normal form, where
1 2 3
2 1 −3 −6
3 2 1
1. 𝐴=[ ] (ii) 𝐴 = [3 −3 1 2]
1 3 2
1 1 1 2
2 1 3
12 22 32 42
8.
2
Find the rank of matrix, 𝐴 − [22 32 42 52 ].
3 42 52 62
42 52 62 72
9. Using matrix method, show that the equations 3𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 3𝑧 = 1, 𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 4, 10𝑦 + 2𝑧 = −2,
2𝑥 − 3𝑦 − 𝑧 = 5 are consistant, and hence obtain the solution for 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧.
10. Test the consistence of the following system of linear equation and hence find the solution.
4𝑥1 − 𝑥2 = 12, −𝑥1 + 5𝑥2 − 2𝑥3 = 0, −2𝑥2 + 4𝑥3 = −8
11. Check the consistency of the following system of linear non-homogeneous equation and find the
solution, if exist: 7𝑥1 + 2𝑥2 + 3𝑥3 = 16, 2𝑥1 + 11𝑥2 + 5𝑥3 = 25, 𝑥1 + 3𝑥2 + 4𝑥3 = 13
12. Investigate for what values of 𝜆 and 𝜇 do the systems of equations 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 6, 𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 3𝑧 =
10, 𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 𝜆𝑧 = 𝜇 have (i) no solution (ii) unique solution (iii) infinite solution.
13. Find the value of 𝜆 such the following equation have (i) unique solution, (ii) infinite solution: 𝜆𝑥 +
2𝑦 − 2𝑧 = 1, 4 𝑥 + 2𝜆𝑦 − 3𝑧 = 2, 6𝑥 + 6𝑦 + 𝜆𝑧 = 3
14. Applying the matrix to solve the system of equations𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 𝑧 = 3, 3𝑥 − 𝑦 + 2𝑧 = 1, 2𝑥 −
2𝑦 + 3𝑧 = 2, 𝑥 − 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 1.
15. Find the value of 𝜆 for which the vector (1, −2, 𝜆) (2, 1, 5) (3, −5, 7𝜆) are linearly dependent.
2 + 3𝑖 −1 + 3𝑖
16. If 𝐴 = [ ], verify that 𝐴∗ 𝐴 is a Hermitian matrix, where 𝐴∗ is a conjugate
−5𝑖 4 − 2𝑖
transform of A.
3 5 + 2𝑖 −3
17. If 𝐻 = [5 − 2𝑖 7 4𝑖 ], show that H is a Hermitian matrix . Verify that 𝑖𝐻 is a skew-
−3 −4𝑖 5
Hermitian matrix
𝛼 + 𝑖𝛾 −𝛽 + 𝑖𝛿
18. Show that the matrix [ ] is unitary, if 𝛼 2 + 𝛽 2 + 𝛾 2 + 𝛿 2 = 1
𝛽 + 𝑖𝛿 𝛼 − 𝑖𝛾
0 1 + 2𝑖
19. If 𝑁 = [ ], obtain the matrix (𝐼 − 𝑁)(𝐼 + 𝑁)−1, show that it is unitary.
−1 + 2𝑖 0
20. If A is a square matrix prove that 𝐴 + 𝐴∗ , 𝐴. 𝐴∗ , 𝐴∗ 𝐴 are all Hermitian matrix and 𝐴 − 𝐴∗ is skew
Hermitian matrix.
1 1 1+𝑖
21. Show that the following matrix is unitary: [ ]
√3 1 − 𝑖 −1
8 −6 2
22. Find the Eigen values and Eigen vectors of the matrix 𝐴 = [−6 7 −4]
2 −4 3
2 −1 1
23. Verify Cayley- Hamilton theorem for the matrix 𝐴 = [−1 2 −1].
1 −1 2
2 1 1
24. State Cayley –Hamilton theorem, Find the characteristic equation of the matrix 𝐴 = [0 1 0],
1 1 2
and hence compute 𝐴−1 . Also find the matrix represented by 𝐴8 − 5𝐴7 + 7𝐴6 − 3𝐴5 + 𝐴4 −
5𝐴3 + 8𝐴2 − 2𝐴 + 𝐼 .
1 2 2
25. Find the characteristic equation of the matrix[ 0 2 1]. Also find the Eigen value and Eigen
−1 2 2
vector of this matrix.
−1 2 −2
26. Reduce the matrix A to diagonal form 𝐴 = [ 1 2 1 ].
−1 −1 0
 Unit-II
Limits, Continuity and Differentiability
1. Show that 1/ 𝑥 is continuous at 𝑥 = a(a≠ 0)
2. Show that xn is continuous at 𝑥 = a where n is a positive integer
3. Discuss the continuity at 𝑥 = 0 of the function
F(𝑥) = e1/x, 𝑥 ≠0; f(0) = 0 for all values of 𝑥.
4. Discuss the continuity of the function
1
F(𝑥) = 1−𝑒 −1/𝑥 when 𝑥 ≠0 and f(0) = 0 for all values of 𝑥

5. Determine the following limits:

(i) lim(𝑥 2 + 3𝑥)
𝑥→1

(ii) lim √𝑥 2 + 3𝑥
𝑥→1

𝑥 2 +3𝑥
(iii) lim
𝑥→0 𝑥+1

𝑥 2 +4
(iv) lim (𝑥−2)2
𝑥→2

𝑥 2 +4
(v) lim
𝑥→∞ (𝑥−2)2

𝑥 2 +2
(vi) lim
𝑥→∞ 𝑥 3 +4
1+2−1/𝑥
(vii) F(x) = 2−2−1/𝑥 at left and right of the origin

6. Are the following functions continuous at the origin? Explain

(i) f(x) = cos1/x when x≠0; f(0) = 0
(ii) f(x) = xsin(1/x) when x≠0; f(0) = 0
(iii) f(x) = xcos(1/x) when x≠0; f(0) = 1
7. A function f is defined on [0,1] as
F(x) = 0 when 𝑥 = 0.
F(x) = ½ - 𝑥 when 0< 𝑥 < 1/2
F(x) = ( 1/2)
F(x) = 3/2 – 𝑥 when1/2< 𝑥 ≤1
Is discontinuous at 0 and ½
8. Examine for continuity at x = 0 the function
𝑥𝑒 𝑥
F(x) = 1 if 𝑥 ≠ 0
1+𝑒 𝑥

=0 if 𝑥 = 0
 9. Test for continuity and differentiability of the following function at x = 1 and x = 2:
3 − 2𝑥 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑥 < 1
F(x) = {1 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 1 ≤ 𝑥 < 2
2𝑥 − 3 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 2 ≤ 𝑥
10. Show that the function f(x) is continuous at x = 0 but f ΄(0) does not exist
𝑥𝑒 𝑥
F(x) = 1 if 𝑥 ≠ 0
1+𝑒 𝑥

=0 if 𝑥 = 0
11. Show that the function
F(x) = 1 if 𝑥 < 0
= 1+sin 𝑥 if 𝑥 ≥ 0
Is continuous but not differentiable at x = 0

Rolle’s, Cauchy, Legrange’s Mean Value theorems:

1. Verify Rolle’s theorem for the following functions f(x) in the indicated interval:
(i) Sinx/ex in [0,π] Ans: c= π/4
(ii) x3 – 12x in [0,2√3] Ans: c =2
(iii) sinx in [0,2π] Ans:π/2 and 3π/2

(iv) ⃒𝑥⃒ in [-1,1] Ans: not valid

𝑥 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 0 < 𝑥 ≤ 1
(v) F(x) = { Ans: not valid
1 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑥 = 0
(vi) ln[(x2+ab)/(a+b)x] in [a, b] Ans: c =√𝑎𝑏
(vii) ex(sinx-cosx) in [π/4,5π/4] Ans: c =π
(viii) 2x3 +x2-4x-2 in [-√2, √2] Ans: c =2/3 and -1
(ix) x3-4x in [-2,2] Ans:±√2/3
(x) ln{(x2 +6)/5x in [2,3] Ans: c = √6
2. Verify Lagrange’s Mean Value theorem for the following functions f(x) in the interval:
(i) x(x-1)(x-2) in (0,1/2) Ans: c = 0.236
(ii) lnx in (e2,e3) Ans: c =(e-1)e2
(iii) x1/3 in (-1,1) Ans: no derivative
(iv) 1-3x in (1,4) Ans:for any c
(v) e-x in (-1,1) Ans: c = -0.161
(vi) sin-1x in (0,1) Ans:c = 0.7712
(vii) cosx in (0,π/2) Ans: c = sin-1(2/𝜋)
𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 3 𝜋
(viii) Using LMV prove that π/3 – 1/5√3 > > 3 − 1/8
5

3. Verify Cauchy’s Mean Value theoremfor the following pair of functions in the interval:
 (i) ex , e-x in (a,b) Ans: c = (a+b)/2
(ii) sinx, cosx in (a,b) Ans: c = (a+b)/2
(iii) √𝑥, 1/√𝑥 in (a,b) Ans: c = √𝑎𝑏
(iv) 1/x2, 1/x in (a,b) Ans: c = 2ab/a+b

nth Derivatives and Leibnitz Theorem

1
1. If = 1−5𝑥+6𝑥 2 , Find 𝑦𝑛 =?

𝑥2
2. If 𝑦 = (𝑥+2)(𝑥−1)2 , Find the nth derivative y.

2𝑥
3. Find the nth derivative of tan−1 ( ).
1−𝑥 2

𝑥−1 𝑥−𝑛 𝑥+𝑛

4. If 𝑦 = 𝑥 log (𝑥+1) , show that 𝑦𝑛 = (−1)𝑛−2 (𝑛 − 2)! ((𝑥−1)𝑛 − (𝑥+1)𝑛).

5. If 𝑦 = sin(𝑚 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑥), Prove that (1 − 𝑥 2 )𝑦𝑛+2 − (2𝑛 + 1)𝑥𝑦𝑛+1 + (𝑛2 − 𝑚2 )𝑦𝑛 = 0.

6. If 𝑦 = (𝑥 2 − 1)𝑛 , Prove that (𝑥 2 − 1)𝑦𝑛+2 − 2𝑥𝑦𝑛+1 − 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)𝑦𝑛 = 0.

1 1
7. If 𝑦 𝑚 + 𝑦 − 𝑚 = 2𝑥 Prove that (𝑥 2 − 1)𝑦𝑛+2 + (2𝑛 + 1)𝑥𝑦𝑛+1 + (𝑛2 − 𝑚2 )𝑦𝑛 = 0

8. If 𝑦 = 𝑎 cos(log 𝑥) + 𝑏 sin(log 𝑥), show that 𝑥 2 𝑦𝑛+2 + (2𝑛 + 1)𝑥𝑦𝑛+1 + (𝑛2 + 1)𝑦𝑛 = 0.

9. If 𝑦 = sin log(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1) , Prove that (𝑥 + 1)2 𝑦𝑛+2 + (2𝑛 + 1)(𝑥 + 1)𝑦𝑛+1 + (𝑛2 + 4)𝑦𝑛 =

0.

10. If x= tan 𝑦,Prove that (1 + 𝑥 2 )𝑦𝑛+1 + 2𝑛𝑥𝑦𝑛 + 𝑛(𝑛 − 1)𝑦𝑛−1 = 0

11. If 𝑦 = ( 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑥)2, Prove that 𝑦𝑛 (0) = 0for n is odd, and 𝑦𝑛 (0) = 2. 22 . 42 . 62 … . . (𝑛 − 2)2 ; 𝑛 ≠ 2

For n is even number.

12. If 𝑦 = sin(𝑚 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑥), Find 𝑦𝑛 at x=0.

13. If y = x + ( )m
x 2 − 1 , Prove that ( x 2 − 1 ) yn+2 + ( 2n + 1 )xyn+1 + ( n2 − m2 ) yn = 0

If y = cos x then find the nth derivative ( y n ) .

3
14.
 Unit-III

Partial Differentiation and Euler Theorem

1. If 𝑢 = log(𝑥 3 + 𝑦 3 + 𝑧 3 − 3𝑥𝑦𝑧), show that

𝜕 𝜕 𝜕 2 9
I. (𝜕𝑥 + 𝜕𝑦 + 𝜕𝑧) 𝑢 = − (𝑥+𝑦+𝑧)2

𝜕2𝑢 𝜕2𝑢 𝜕2𝑢 𝜕2𝑢 𝜕2𝑢 𝜕2𝑢 9

II. 2
+ 2
+ 2
+2 +2 +2 = − (𝑥+𝑦+𝑧)2
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑦𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧𝜕𝑥

𝜕3𝑢
2. If 𝑢 = 𝑒 𝑥𝑦𝑧 , Prove that 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦𝜕𝑧 = (1 + 3𝑥𝑦𝑧 + 𝑥 2 𝑦 2 𝑧 2 )𝑢

𝑦 𝑥 𝜕2𝑢
3. If 𝑢 = 𝑥 2 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (𝑥 ) − 𝑦 2 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (𝑦), Find the value 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦.

𝜕2 𝑧 𝜕2𝑧
4. If 𝑧 = 𝑓(𝑥 + 𝑎𝑦) + 𝑔(𝑥 − 𝑎𝑦), prove that 𝜕𝑦 2 = 𝑎2 𝜕𝑥 2.

2 ⁄4𝑡 1 𝜕 𝜕𝜃 𝜕𝜃
5. If 𝜃 = 𝑡 𝑛 𝑒 −𝑟 , then find the value of n if 𝑟 2 𝜕𝑟 (𝑟 2 𝜕𝑟 ) = .
𝜕𝑡

𝜕2𝑢 𝜕2𝑢 𝑥 2 +𝑦 2
6. Verify that 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦 = 𝜕𝑦𝜕𝑥 , where 𝑢(𝑥, 𝑦) = log ( )
𝑥𝑦

𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
7. If 𝑢 = log(tan 𝑥 + tan 𝑦 + tan 𝑧), Prove that sin 2𝑥 𝜕𝑥 + sin 2𝑦 𝜕𝑦 + sin 2𝑧 𝜕𝑧 = 2.

𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑧2 𝜕𝑢 2 𝜕𝑢 2 𝜕𝑢 2 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
8. If 𝑎2+𝑢 + 𝑏2+𝑢 + 𝑐 2+𝑢 = 1, prove that (𝜕𝑥 ) + (𝜕𝑦) + ( 𝜕𝑧 ) =(𝑥 𝜕𝑥 + 𝑦 𝜕𝑦 + 𝑧 𝜕𝑧 ).

9. If u is a homogeneous function of x and y of degree n, then prove that

𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
I. 𝑥 𝜕𝑥 + 𝑦 𝜕𝑦 = 𝑛𝑢

𝜕2 𝑢 𝜕2𝑢 𝜕2𝑢
II. 𝑥 2 𝜕𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑦 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦 + 𝑦 2 𝜕𝑦 2 = 𝑛(𝑛 − 1)𝑢.

𝑥 𝑦 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
10. If 𝑢 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (𝑦) + 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (𝑥 ), then prove that 𝑥 𝜕𝑥 + 𝑦 𝜕𝑦 = 0.

𝑥+2𝑦+3𝑧 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
11. If 𝑢 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 ( ), show that 𝑥 + 𝑦 𝜕𝑦 + 𝑧 𝜕𝑧 + 3 tan 𝑢 = 0.
√𝑥 8 +𝑦 8 +𝑧 8 𝜕𝑥

𝑥 4 +𝑦 4 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
12. If 𝑢 = log ( ), show that 𝑥 𝜕𝑥 + 𝑦 𝜕𝑦 = 3.
𝑥+𝑦

𝑥 3 +𝑦 3 +𝑧 3 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
13. If 𝑢 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (𝑎𝑥+𝑏𝑦+𝑐𝑧), prove that 𝑥 𝜕𝑥 + 𝑦 𝜕𝑦 + 𝑧 𝜕𝑧 = 2 tan 𝑢.

𝑥 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝑥
14. If 𝑢 = 𝑥 4 𝑦 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (𝑦) + log 𝑥 − log 𝑦, show that 𝑥 𝜕𝑥 + 𝑦 𝜕𝑦 = 6𝑥 4 𝑦 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (𝑦).
 Jacobian and Approximation of error

1. If 𝐽1 is the Jacobian of 𝑢, 𝑣 with respect to 𝑥, 𝑦 and 𝐽2 is the Jacobian of 𝑥, 𝑦 with respect to 𝑢, 𝑣

𝜕(𝑢,𝑣) 𝜕(𝑥,𝑦)
then 𝐽1 𝐽2 = 1 𝑖. 𝑒. 𝜕(𝑥,𝑦) . 𝜕(𝑢,𝑣) = 1.
𝜕(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧) 𝜕(𝑟,𝜃,∅)
2. If 𝑥 = 𝑟 sin 𝜃 cos ∅, 𝑦 = 𝑟 sin 𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ∅ , 𝑧 = 𝑟 cos 𝜃 show that 𝜕(𝑟,𝜃,∅) = 𝑟 2 sin 𝜃 and find 𝜕(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧)
𝑥2 𝑥3 𝑥1 𝑥 3 𝑥1 𝑥2 𝜕(𝑦1 , 𝑦2, 𝑦3 )
3. If 𝑦1 = , 𝑦2 = , 𝑦3 = then show that = 4.
𝑥1 𝑥2 𝑥3 𝜕(𝑥1 , 𝑥2 , 𝑥3 )
𝜕(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧)
4. If 𝑢 = 𝑥𝑦𝑧, 𝑣 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 , 𝑤 = 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧, find the Jacobian 𝜕(𝑢,𝑣,𝑤).
𝜕(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧)
5. If 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 𝑢, 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 𝑢𝑣, 𝑧 = 𝑢𝑣𝑤, then show that 𝜕(𝑢,𝑣,𝑤) = 𝑢2 𝑣.
𝜕(𝑢,𝑣,𝑤)
6. If 𝑢, 𝑣, 𝑤 be the roots of the equation(𝑥 − 𝑎)3 + (𝑥 − 𝑏)3 + (𝑥 − 𝑐)3 = 0, then find 𝜕(𝑎,𝑏,𝑐)
.
7. Verify the Chain rule for Jacobian if𝑥 = 𝑢, 𝑦 = 𝑢 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑣, 𝑧 = 𝑤 .
𝜕(𝑢,𝑣,𝑤)
8. Calculate the Jacobian of the following 𝑢 = 𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 𝑧, 𝑣 = 𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 3𝑧 𝑤 = 2𝑥 +
𝜕(𝑥,𝑦,𝑧)
3𝑦 + 5𝑧.
𝜕(𝑢,𝑣) (𝑦 2 −𝑥 2 )
9. If 𝑢3 + 𝑣 3 = 𝑥 + 𝑦and 𝑢2 + 𝑣 2 = 𝑥 3 + 𝑦 3 , show that 𝜕(𝑥,𝑦) = 2𝑢𝑣(𝑢−𝑣)
𝜕(𝑢,𝑣)
10. If 𝑢 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑦 and 𝑣 = 𝑥√1 − 𝑦 2 + 𝑦√1 − 𝑥 2 find , Is 𝑢, 𝑣 functionally related.
𝜕(𝑥,𝑦)
If so, find the relationship.
𝑙
11. The period T of a simple pendulum is given by 𝑇 = 2𝜋√𝑔. Find the maximum error in T due to
possible errors up to 1% in l and 2.5 in 𝑔.
12. The time T of a complete oscillation of a simple pendulum of length L is governed by the
𝐿
equation = 2𝜋√𝑔 , where 𝑔 is a constant. Find the approximate error in the calculate value T
corresponding to an error of 2% in the value of L .
13. If the radius and height of a cone are measured as 4 and 8 inches with a possible error of 0.04
and 0.08 inches respectively, calculate the percentage error in calculating volume of the cone.
𝑃𝐿𝐴𝑁
14. The indicated horse-power I of an engine is calculated from the formula = 33000 , where 𝐴 =
𝜋
4
𝑑 2 . Assuming the error of r percent may have been made in measuring P, L, N and d. Find the
greatest possible error in I.
15. A balloon in the form of right circular cylinder of radius 1.5m and length 4m surmounted by
hemispherical ends. If the radius is increased by 0.01m and length by 0.05m, find the percentage
change in the volume of the balloon.
16. In estimating the cost of pile of bricks measured as 6𝑚 × 50𝑚 × 4𝑚, the tape is stretched 1%
beyond the standard length. If the count is 12 bricks in 1𝑚3 and bricks cost Rs. 100per 1000,
find the approximate error in the cost.
17. Compute an approximate value of (1.04)3.01.
 Extreme functions of several variables, Lagranges method of multipliers

1. Find the extreme value of the function 𝑥 3 + 𝑦 3 − 3𝑎𝑥𝑦.

2. Find the semi vertical angle of the cone of maximum volume and find of the slant height.

3. Show that the rectangular solid of maximum volume that can be inscribe in a given sphere is a

cube.

4. Find the volume of the largest rectangular parallelepiped that can be inscribed in the ellipsoid

𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑧2
+ 𝑏2 + 𝑐 2 = 1.
𝑎2

5. Find the maximum and minimum distance of the point (3, 4, 12) from the sphere 𝑥2 + 𝑦2 +

𝑧 2 = 1.

6. Find the maximum and minimum distance from the origin to the curve𝑥 2 + 4𝑥𝑦 + 6𝑦 2 = 140.

7. Find the minimum value of 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 , given that 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 + 𝑐𝑧 = 𝑝.

8. A tent of given volume has a square base of side 2a and has its four side of height b vertical and

is surmounted by a pyramid of height h. find the value of a and b in term of h so that canvas

required for its construction be minimum.

9. Find the minimum distance from the point A(1,2,0) to the cone 𝑧 2 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 .

10. Discuss the maxima and minima of 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = cos 𝑥 cos(𝑥 + 𝑦)

11. Find the dimension of a rectangular box of maximum capacity whose surface area is given by

when (i) box is open of the top, (ii) box is closed.

12. Find the maximum value of 𝑥 𝑚 𝑦 𝑛 𝑧 𝑝 when 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 𝑎

13. Show that if the perimeter of a triangle is constant, its area is a maximum when it is equilateral.

14. Discuss the maximum value of the function 𝑢 = sin 𝑥 sin 𝑦 sin 𝑧 , where 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 are angle of the

triangle.
 Change of variables, Expansion of function of several variables.

𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑥
1. If 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = 0, show that ( 𝜕𝑧 ) (𝜕𝑥) (𝜕𝑦) = −1.
𝑥 𝑦 𝑧

𝑦−𝑧 𝑧−𝑥 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
2. If 𝑢 = 𝑢 ( 𝑥𝑦 , ), show that 𝑥 2 𝜕𝑥 + 𝑦 2 𝜕𝑦 + 𝑧 2 𝜕𝑧 = 0.
𝑥𝑧

𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
3. If 𝑢 = 𝑓(𝑦 − 𝑧, 𝑧 − 𝑥, 𝑥 − 𝑦), Prove that + 𝜕𝑦 + 𝜕𝑧 = 0.
𝜕𝑥

𝜕2 𝑉 𝜕2𝑉 𝜕2𝑉
4. If 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 2𝑒 𝜃 cos ∅ and 𝑥 − 𝑦 = 2𝑖𝑒 𝜃 sin ∅, show that 𝜕𝜃2 + 𝜕∅2 = 4𝑥𝑦 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦.

𝑥 𝑦 𝑧 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
5. If 𝑢 = 𝑓(𝑟, 𝑠, 𝑡)and 𝑟 = 𝑦 , 𝑠 = , 𝑡 = 𝑥 ,prove that 𝑥 𝜕𝑥 + 𝑦 𝜕𝑦 + 𝑧 𝜕𝑧 = 0.
𝑧

1 𝜕𝑢 1 𝜕𝑢 1 𝜕𝑢
6. If 𝑢 = 𝑓(2𝑥 − 3𝑦, 3𝑦 − 4𝑧, 4𝑧 − 2𝑥), Prove that 2 + 3 𝜕𝑦 + 4 𝜕𝑧 = 0, i.e. 6𝑢𝑥 + 4𝑢𝑦 +
𝜕𝑥

3𝑢3 = 0.

𝑑𝑢
7. If 𝑢 = 𝑥 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥𝑦, where 𝑥 3 + 𝑦 3 + 3𝑥𝑦 = 1, find 𝑑𝑥 .

𝑑𝑢
8. If 𝑢 = 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 + sin 𝑦𝑧, where 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥 and 𝑧 = log 𝑥, find 𝑑𝑥 .

𝜕𝑓 𝜕∅ 𝑑𝑧 𝜕𝑓 𝜕∅
9. If 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 0, ∅(𝑦, 𝑧) = 0, show that 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧 𝑑𝑥 = 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥.

10. Expand 𝑒 𝑥 sin 𝑦 in power of x and y as far as term of the third degree.
𝑦
11. Expand 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 in the neighborhood of (1, 1) up to and inclusive of second degree terms. Hence
𝑥

compute 𝑓(1.1, 0.9) approximately.

12. Expand 𝑥 𝑦 in power of (x-1) and (y-1) up to the third degree term and hence evaluate (1.1)1.02.

𝜋
13. Expand 𝑒 𝑥 cos 𝑦 near the point (1, 4 ) by Taylor’s theorem.

14. Expand 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 2 𝑦 + 3𝑦 − 2 in power of (x-1) and (y+2) by Taylor’s theorem.

2 −𝑦 2
15. Expand the function 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑒 −𝑥 cos 𝑥𝑦 about the point (0, 0) up to the third degree

term.
 Unit -4 Multiple Integral

1. Evaluate ∬𝑅 √(𝑥𝑦 − 𝑦 2 ) 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥, where R is a triangle with vertices(0,0), (10,1) and (1,1).

2. Evaluate ∬𝑅 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 , where R is the region in the first quadrant bounded by the hyperbola 𝑥𝑦 =
16 and the lines 𝑦 = 𝑥, 𝑦 = 0 and 𝑥 = 8.
3. Determine the area by the curves 𝑥𝑦 = 2, 4𝑦 = 𝑥 2 and 𝑦 = 4.

4. Evaluate ∬𝑅 (𝑥 + 𝑦)2 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 , where R is the parallelogram in the xy- plane with vertices
(1,0), (3,1), (2,2), (0,1) using the transformation method 𝑢 = 𝑥 + 𝑦, and 𝑣 = 𝑥 − 2𝑦.

5. Evaluate by changing the variable ∬𝑅 (𝑥 + 𝑦)2 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 , where R is the region bounded by the
parallelogram 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 0, 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 2, 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 0, 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 3.
1⁄
6. Using the transformation 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 𝑢, 𝑦 = 𝑢𝑣, evaluate ∬𝑅 𝑥𝑦(1 − 𝑥 − 𝑦) 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦, take over the
region R bounded by the line 𝑥 = 0, 𝑦 = 0, 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 1.
1⁄ 2𝜋
7. Using the transformation 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 𝑢, 𝑦 = 𝑢𝑣, evaluate ∬𝑅 [𝑥𝑦(1 − 𝑥 − 𝑦)] 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 = 105, take

over the region R bounded by the line 𝑥 = 0, 𝑦 = 0, 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 1.

𝑎 √𝑎2 −𝑥 2
8. Transform the integral ∫0 ∫0 𝑦 2 √𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦, by changing to polar coordinate, and hence
evaluate it.
9. Find the double integration, the Area lying between the parabola 𝑦 = 4𝑥 − 𝑥 2 and the line 𝑦 = 𝑥.
1 2−𝑥
10. Change the order of the integration, ∫0 ∫𝑥 2 𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 hence evaluate the same.
𝑎 2𝑎−𝑥
11. Change the order of the integration, ∫0 ∫𝑥 2⁄ 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦)𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦 .
𝑎
∞ ∞ ∞ sin 𝑝𝑥 𝜋
12. Change the order of the integration, ∫0 ∫0 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑦 sin 𝑝𝑥 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦 , show that ∫0 𝑑𝑥 = 2 .
𝑥

13. Find the volume bounded by elliptic paraboloids 𝑧 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 and 𝑧 = 18 − 𝑥 2 − 9𝑦 2 .

Dr. Tej Singh
Assistant Professor
AS & H