i

BARRIERS TO PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND MENTAL WELLBEING OF

SCHOOL OF EDUCATION STUDENTS

A Thesis

Presented to the Faculty of the

School of Education
Universidad de Zamboanga
Zamboanga City

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of

Bachelor of Physical Education

By:

MARISSE P. BALASA
ADAM KAYL M. BORRES
JHON EVERT C. PATAYON

June 2024
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UNIVERSIDAD DE ZAMBOANGA
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION
_______________________________________________________________

APPROVAL SHEET

This thesis entitled BARRIERS TO PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND MENTAL WELL-BEING

AMONG SCHOOL OF EDUCATION STUDENTS, prepared and submitted by Jhon Evert
C. Patayon, Marisse P. Balasa, and Adam Kayl M. Borres in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Physical Education in School of Education is
hereby recommended for Oral Examination.

LOURDES D. DAYOT, Ph. D

Research Adviser

PANEL OF EXAMINERS

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of bachelor of Physical of

Education in School of Education and upon the recommendation of the Oral Examination
Committee, the thesis paper presented by Jhon Evert C. Patayon, Marisse P. Balasa and
Adam kayl M. Borres , on June 2024 is hereby:

Approved:
Approved with minor revisions and amendments:
Not approved:
GEDIE ROCAMORA, MAEd
Chairperson

ROSCEL N. DELES, Ph. D JOSELITO F. IGNACIO, Ph. D

MEMBER MEMBER

Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Physical
Education in School of Education.

LOURDES D. DAYOT, Ph. D

DEAN, SCHOOL OF EDUCATION
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DEDICATION

This study is dedicated with deep appreciation to our cherished parents, whose

unwavering inspiration and support have been our anchor, especially during times of

doubt. They have provided us with endless love, financial assistance, and moral

encouragement. To Mr. and Mrs. Roshel C. Patayon, Mr. and Mrs. Marife P. Balasa

and Mr. and Mrs. Queenie M. Borres.

We extend our gratitude to our Dearest Brothers and Sisters, relatives, mentors,

friends, classmates, and schoolmates whose advice and encouragement have been

invaluable in completing this study.

Lastly, we dedicate this academic work to the Almighty God/Allah. We are

grateful for Your guidance, strength, wisdom, knowledge, protection, and the gift of good

health. All our efforts and achievements are offered in Your honor.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to express their gratitude to the following for their

assistance and invaluable support in the completion of this study:

Prof. Lourdes D. Dayot, Ph. D, Dean of the School of Education, for the full

support and words of encouragement she had given that provided the researchers

motivation in making the study possible;

Prof. Gedie Rocamora, Prof. Roscel Deles, Prof. Joselito F. Ignacio, Prof.

panelists, for their valuable opinions and suggestions that have led to the improvement

of the study;

Prof. Lourdes D. Dayot, Ph. D for her patience and understanding for the

completion of this study;

Prof. Joselito F. Ignacio, Ph. D for being the statistician in this study, and for his

support and effort for the treatment of data;

The Respondents, for their participation in the study, and their time shared in

answering the questionnaire and their cooperation;

Above all, the Almighty God, for the guidance, strength and wisdom during the

field of this research. Without His benevolence, none of this would be possible and

successful. All glory to God!

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ABSTRACT

Jhon Evert C.Patayon, Marisse P. Balasa & Adam Kayl M. Borres (BPEd), School of
Education, Universidad de Zamboanga, July 2024. BARRIERS TO PHYSICAL
ACTIVITY AND MENTAL WELL-BEING AMONG SCHOOL OF EDUCATION
STUDENTS. Adviser: Dr. Lourdes D. Dayot.

The study aimed to determine the barriers to physical activity and mental well-

being of School of Education students within the School of Education. Specifically, this

study answered the following questions: What is the level of barriers to physical activity

among the respondents in terms of; lack of energy, lack of motivation, lack of self-

confidence, lack of resources, lack of support, lack of time; What is the perceived mental

well-being of the respondents?; Is there a significant difference in the level of perceived

barriers to physical activity when respondents are grouped according to their profile?; Is

there a significant relationship between the level of perceived barriers to physical activity

and mental well-being of the respondents?. Key barriers identified include lack of energy,

lack of motivation, lack of self-confidence, lack of resources, lack of support, and lack of

time. There are Seventy-five (75) respondents among the school of education students

who participated in this quantitative type of study. The data gathered was analyzed,

computed, and interpreted using the following statistical tools: Frequency and

percentage, weighted mean, t-test, and One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The

results revealed that the majority of the respondents were female, 21-23 years old, BEED,

and 10,001-15,000 monthly income. Consequently, when respondents were grouped

according to their profile, there is no significant difference was noted in the level of barriers

to physical activity and mental well-being of the respondents.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Title Page--------------------------------------------------------------------------- i

Approval Sheet-------------------------------------------------------------------- ii

Dedication-------------------------------------------------------------------------- iii

Acknowledgement---------------------------------------------------------------- iv

Abstract------------------------------------------------------------------------------ v

List of Tables----------------------------------------------------------------------- vii

List of Figures---------------------------------------------------------------------- ix

CHAPTER

I INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study ---------------------------------------- 1

Theoretical Framework------------------------------------------- 4

Theory of Energetic Cost Minimization----------------------- 4

Conceptual Framework------------------------------------------- 6

Single Statement of the Problem----------------------------------------- 7

Space Hypothesis------------------------------------------------------------ 8

12’ Significance of the Study------------------------------------------ 8

Scope and Delimitation-------------------------------------------- 9

Definition of Terms-------------------------------------------------- 10
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II RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design---------------------------------------------------- 12

Locale of the Study------------------------------------------------- 13

Population and Sampling Design------------------------------- 14

Data Gathering Tool------------------------------------------------ 17

Validity and Reliability---------------------------------------------- 18

Ethical Consideration----------------------------------------------- 18

Data Gathering Procedure---------------------------------------- 20

Statistical Treatment------------------------------------------------ 22

III RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Results----------------------------------------------------------------- 23

IV CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Conclusions----------------------------------------------------------- 46

Recommendations-------------------------------------------------- 47

BIBLIOGRAPHY 49

APPENDICES 52

CURRICULUM VITAE 64
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LIST OF TABLES

Tables
Page
1
Demographic Profile of the Respondents in terms of Sex, Age,
15
Year Level, Program, and Combined Socio-Economic Status----
2
The Level of Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity among the

respondents in terms of Lack of Energy------------------------------- 23

3
The Level of Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity among the

respondents in terms of Lack of Motivation--------------------------- 25

4
The Level of Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity among the

respondents in terms of Lack of Self-Confidence--------------------

26
5
The Level of Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity among the
27
respondents in terms of Lack of Resources---------------------------
6
The Level of Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity among the

respondents in terms of Lack of Support------------------------------ 29

7
The Level of Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity among the
30
8 respondents in terms of Lack of Time---------------------------------
32
Overall Perceived Barriers-----------------------------------------------
9
Mental well-being----------------------------------------------------------- 34

10 Significant difference in the level of perceived barriers to

physical activity when respondents are grouped in terms of

36
their sex-----------------------------------------------------------------------
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11 Significant difference in the level of perceived barriers to

physical activity when respondents are grouped according to

38
their age------------------------------------------------------------------------

12 Significant difference in the level of perceived barriers to

physical activity when respondents are grouped according to

their year level---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 39

Significant difference in the level of perceived barriers to
13
physical activity when respondents are grouped according to
41
their program------------------------------------------------------------------
14 Significant difference in the level of perceived barriers to

physical activity when respondents are grouped according to

43
their monthly family income-----------------------------------------------

Significant relationship between the level of perceived barriers

15
to physical activity and mental well-being of the respondents---- 44
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LIST OF FIGURES

Figures

1 Conceptual Paradigm of the Study-------------------- 6

2 Research Locale------------------------------------------- 13