15

Applied Mathematics
24
1. (d) We find that (91, 78) = 13 which does not divide 42. Both pipe can fill the tank in = h
5
Hence, 91x ≡ 42 (mod 78) has no solution.
= 4 h 48 min
2. (d) A run 2 times as fast as B. Due to a leakage (let pipe C), the tank will be filled in 4 h
∴ The ratio of speeds 2 : 1 in A and B . 48 min + 12 min = 5 h
This means in a race of 2m, again(2 − 1)m = 1 m over B Part of the tank filled by A, B and C in 1 h =
1
2 5
∴ 50 m gain by A in a race of × 50 = 100 m
1 5 1 1
Part of tank empty by C in 1 h = − =
Hence, the goal in 100 m away. 24 5 120
Hence, time taken by the outlet pipe to empty the full
3. (b) Use formula, tank in 120 h.
  y 
n
Quantity of pure liquid left = x 1 −   units 6. (d) Given,|( AB)−1| = 8
 x
  ∴ |B −1A−1| = 8
Here, x = 30, y = 3 and n = 3
⇒ |B −1|| A−1| = 8
  3 
3
∴ Quantity of water left = 30 1 −   1 1
 30  ⇒ . =8
  |B| | A|
  10 − 1 3  1 1
= 30   ⇒ ⋅ =8
 10   |B| 2
 
1
 9× 9× 9  ⇒ |B| =
=  30 ×  = 21.87 L 16
 10 × 10 × 10 
Distance 7. (a) We have, P = Principal = ` 30000
4. (a) We know that Speed = 10 1
Time i= = and n = 12 × 3 = 36
1 1200 120
∴ Downstream speed = = 12 km/h
5  1  1 1
EMI = P  i +  = 30000  + 
60  n  120 36
6
and upstream speed = = 6 km/h = 250 + 833.33 = ` 1083.33
1
1 8. (a) Here, S = ` 50000, i = 5% = 0.05 and n = 20 yr
∴ Speed of stream = (Downstream speed
2 i ×S 0.05 × 50000
− Upstream speed) ∴ R= =
(1 + i )n − 1 . )20 − 1
(105
1 1
= (12 − 6) = × 6 = 3 km/h 25000 25000
2 2 = = = ` 15122.18
1 2.6532 − 1 16532
.
5. (d) Part of tank filled by pipe A is 1 h =
8 9. (d) The profit function,
1 P(x ) = xp(x ) − C(x )
Part of tank filled by pipe B in 1 h =
12 = x(10 − x ) − (1000 + 200 x )
Part of tank filled by both pipes in 1 h = 10 x − x 2 − 1000 − 200 x
1 1 3+ 2 5
= + = = = − x 2 − 190 x − 1000
8 12 24 24
 d 3 Also, we have to determine maximum value of
10. (a) Given, f (x ) = 4x 3 − 4
dx x Z = x + 2 y.
On integrating both sides, we get Corner points Value of Z = x + 2 y
3  3 , 24 
∫ df (x ) = ∫ 4x − x 4dx
3 3 48 51 12
  + = =3
 13 13  13 13 13 13
4x 4 3  18 , 2  18 4 22 1
f (x ) = − +C   + = = 3 (Minimum)
4 − 3x 3  7 7 7 7 7 7
1  7 , 3 7 6 20
+ = =5
f (x ) = x 4 + 3
+C 
 2 4

x 2 4 4

Given, f(2 ) = 0  3 , 15  3 30 36
+ = = 9 (Maximum)
 
1 2 4  2 4 4
Q f (2 ) = 2 4 + +C
23 Hence, the maximum value of Z is 9.
1
⇒ 0 = 16 + + C 16. (c) Given a bag contains 2 black and 1 green balls.
8
129 Black balls are denoted by b1, b2 and green ball is
⇒ C=− denoted by g 1, then the sample space for two draws is
8
S = { b1b1, b1b2, b2b1, b2b2, b1g 1, b2g 1, g 1b1, g 1b2, g 1g 1}
1 129
∴ f (x ) = x 4 + 3 − Now, X denotes the number of green balls. Then,
x 8
X (b1b1) = X (b1b2 ) = X (b2b1) = X (b2b2 ) = 0,
11. (c) Secular trend variations are considered as long X (b1g 1) = X (b2g 1) = X (g 1b1) = X (g 1b2 ) = 1
term variation, attributable to factor such as and X (g 1g 1) = 2
population change, technological progress and Hence, X is a random variable whose range is {0, 1, 2}.
large-scale shifts in consumer tastes.
17. (d) Let m be the mean of Poisson variate X, then
12. (a) There can be four types of components in the
mr e − m
values of the variables P( X = r ) = , r = 0, 1, 2, 3...
(a) trend (b) cyclical (c) seasonal (d) irregular r!
⇒ 3P( X = 2 ) = P( X = 4)
13. (b) We have, µ 0 = 20, n = 40, x = 24.3
m2e − m m4e − m
and σ = 5 ⇒ 3× =
2! 4!
x − µ0
∴Test statistics, Z = m2
σ/ n ⇒ 3= ⇒ m2 = 36 ⇒ m = 6
12
24.3 − 20 4.3 × 40
= = = 5.43 63 × e −6 216 × 0.00248
5 / 40 5 P( X = 3) = =
3! 6
14. (a) Let us take the hypothesis that the die is not biased = 36 × 0.00248 = 0.0893
1 1 1
∴ p = , q = , n = 700 and np = 700 × = 350 18. (d) E( X ) = ΣPi Xi
2 2 2
x − np = (0.1) (−4) + (0.2 ) (− 3) + (0.3) (− 2 )
then, Z=
npq + (0.2 ) (− 1) + (0.2 ) ⋅ (0 )
400 − 350 50 = − 0.4 − 0.6 − 0.6 − 0.2
= =
1 1 175 = − 1.8
700 × ×
2 2
19. (a) Assertion We know that the area of triangle with
= 378
.
three collinear points is zero.
Since, the computed value of Z is greater than the table a b+c 1
value (1.96 at 5% level of significance), the hypothesis is 1
Now, consider area of ∆ ABC = b c+a 1
rejected). 2
c a+ b 1
15. (c) From the shaded bounded region, it is clear that the 1
= | a {(c + a)
 3 24  18 2  2
coordinates of corner points are  ,  ,  ,  ,
 13 13  7 7  × 1 − (a + b) × 1} − (b + c ) { b × 1 − 1 × c }
 7 3  3 15 + 1{ b × (a + b) − (c + a) × c }|
 ,  and  ,  .
 2 4 2 4 
 1 From the above graph, we see that for the feasible
= |a (c + a − a − b) − (b + c ) (b − c )
2 solutions there is no common area in the first quadrant.
+ 1 (ab + b2 − c 2 − ac )| Hence, the objective function Z cannot be maximized.
1 [1]
= |ac − ab − b2 + c 2 + ab + b2 − c 2 − ac|
2 24. Since, the payments are made at the starting of each
1 year forever, it is a perpetuity due.
= ×0=0
2 Periodic payment (R ) = ` 20000
Since, area of ∆ABC = 0. Interest is compounded annually, so
Hence, points A(a, b + c ), B(b,c + a) and C(c , a + b) are i = 8% = 0.08
collinear. Present value (P ) of a perpetuity due is given as,
Hence, both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason  1  1 
P = R1 +  ⇒ P = 20000 1 +  [1]
is the correct explanation of Assertion.  i   0.08
1 5 ⇒ P = 20000 × 13.5 = 270000
20. (c) Assertion n = 4 p = , q = and r = 2
6 6 ∴ Amount to be invested is ` 270000. [1]
2 2
 1  5
4 6 × 25 25 Or
P( X = 2 ) = C2     = =
 6  6 1296 216 Given, original cost of desktop computer = ` 60000
Hence, Assertion is true but Reason is false. Useful life = 18 yr
1 1 1 Annual depreciation = ` 3000
21. Here, n = 10, p = and q = 1 − =
2 2 2 Let the scrap, value of the desktop computer be ` S.
P (Less than 2 claims for accident) [1] Then, using annual depreciation
= P (0 or 1) P(0 ) + P(1) Original cost − Scrap value
0 10 9 = [1]
10  1  1 10  1  1 Useful life in years
= C0     + C1   
 2  2  2  2 60000 − S
⇒ 3000 =
 1
10
11 18
=  [1 + 10 ] = [1]
 2 1024 ⇒ 54000 = 60000 − S ⇒ S = 6000
Hence, the scrap value of desktop computer is ` 6000.
22. Given, BV = ` 25000, EV = ` 30000 [1]
and number of year (n ) = 4 yr 25. Two ingredient milk and water are in the ratio 1 : 2 and
1/ n
 EV  1: 3 .
∴ CAGR =   −1 [1]
 BV  Using the formula for compound mixture,
1/ 4 1/ 4  a   x 
 30000   6 M  + N 
=  − 1=   −1 qA  a + b  x + y
 25000   5 =
qB  b   y 
= (1.2 )1/ 4 − 1 M  + N 
 a + b  x + y
= 1. 0466 − 1 = 0.0466
Let ratio to milk and water of first glass be a : b = 1 : 2 and
∴ CAGR = (0.0466 × 100 )% = 4.66% [1] ratio to milk and water in second glass be x : y = 1 : 3 .
23. The given LPP is maximize Z = 4x + 2 y 1 1
+
qA 3 4
Subject to constraints are = [1]
qB 2 + 3
2 x + 3 y ≤ 18, x + y ≥ 10 and x, y ≥ 0 3 4
The graph of the above LPP is [M = N, as the glasses are equal]
Y′ 7
q A 12 7
(0, 10) = =
q B 17 17
12
Hence, the ratio of milk and water in the pot is 7 : 17.
[1]
Or
(0, 6)
(10, 0) Given, 2 y − 3 < y + 1 and y + 1 ≤ 2 y + 5
X′
(9, 0)
X 2 y < y + 4 and y ≤ 2 y + 4
Y
2x+3y=18 y < 4 and − y ≤ 4 ⇒ y ≥ −4
x+y=10 ∴ The solution set is { y : y ∈ R, − 4 ≤ y < 4} i.e. [− 4, 4).
[1]
[2]
 5 + 7 + 4 + 9 25
26. Amortized amount, P = Cost of house 28. We have, x = = = 6.25
4 4
− Cash down payment
4 + 3 + 2 + 8 17
= 1000000 − 200000 = ` 800000 [1] and y= = = 4.25
4 4
0.08
i= = 0.006 Σ(x − x )2 = (5 − 6.25)2 + (7 − 6.25)2
12
n = 10 × 12 = 120 months + (4 − 6.25)2 + (9 − 6.25)2
P×i = 15625
. + 0.5625 + 5. 0625
∴ EMI = [1]
1 − (1 + i )− n + 7.5625 = 14.75 [1]
800000 × 0.006 and Σ( y − y )2 = (4 − 4.25)2 + (3 − 4.25)2
=
1 − (1 + 0.006)−120
+ (2 − 4.25)2 + (8 − 4.25)2
4800 4800
= = = 0.0625 + 1.5625 + 6.0625 + 14.0625
1 − (1006
. )−120 1 − 0.4878
= 20.75 [1]
4800 [1]
= = ` 9371 We know that
0.5122
1
1 S2 = [Σ( x − x )2 + Σ( y − y )2 ]
27. Let I = ∫ 2 4 3/ 4 dx n1 + n2 − 2
x (x + 1)
1 35.5
1 = . ) + (20.75)] =
[(1475 = 5.92
=∫ 3/ 4
dx 6 6

2 4 1
x x  1 + 4   ⇒ S = 5.92 = 2.43
  x 
x−y 6.25 − 4.25
1 ∴ t-test = =
=∫ dx [1] 1 1 1 1
2 3  1
3/ 4 S + 2.43 +
x ⋅ x 1 + 4  n1 n2 4 4
 x 
1 2× 2
=∫ dx = = 1.16396 (approx) [1]
3/ 4 2.43
5 1
x 1 + 4 
 x  29. Let the present value of the car be ` P, then
1 value of the car after 3 yr
Now, put 1 + 4 = t
x = P (1 − i )3
4 1 dt
⇒ − 5 dx = dt ⇒ 5 dx = − [1] 3
4  12.5
x x = P 1 − 
1 1  100 
− 4 ∫ t 3/ 4
∴ I= dt
3 3
 1  7
= P 1 −  = P   [1]
1 t 1/ 4   8  8
=−  +C
4 1 / 4  Decrease in the value of the car after 3 yr
3
 1  7
= − (1 + x −4 )1/ 4 + C Q t = 1 + 4 [1] =P −P 
 x   8
Or  343 169P
= P 1 − = [1]
Given, p = 7 + x and x 0 = 15  512  512
When x 0 = 15, then p0 = 7 + 15 = 22 ∴ Percentage decrease in the value of the car after 3 yr
x0
∴ Producer’s surplus (PS ) = p0x 0 − ∫ p dx [1]  Decrease in value 
0 = × 100 %
15
 Present value 
= 22 × 15 − ∫ (7 + x ) dx
0  169P 
2  15
 
 x =  512 × 100 %
= 330 − 7 x + 
 2
[1]  P 
0  
 225 
= 330 − 7 × 15 +  169 
 2  = × 100 %
 512 
= 330 − (105 + 112.5)
 4225
= 330 − 217.5 = 112.5 [1] =  % = 33% [1]
 128 
30. Let the sum of money be ` P. Or
Since, the effective rate is actual rate compounded  1
annually. Given, A = − 4 and B = [− 1 2 1]
 3
Therefore, we have  
Principal = `P, To verify ( AB)′ = B′ A′
Compound amount = ` A = 2 P  1
Here, AB = − 4 [− 1 2 1]1 × 3 [1]
6 [1]  3
and i= = 0.06  3 × 1
100
∴ A = P(1 + i )n − 1 2 1
⇒ AB =  4 − 8 − 4
⇒ 2 P = P(1 + 0.06)n − 3 6 3  [multiplying row by column]

⇒ 2 = (1 + 0.06)n [1] − 1 4 − 3
Taking log on both sides, we get ∴ LHS = ( AB)′ =  2 − 8 6  ...(i) [1]
1 −4 3 
⇒ log 2 = n log 106
.  
log 2 [interchange the elements of rows and columns]
⇒ n=
log 106
. − 1
Now, B′ =  2 
0.3010 1
= = 1189
.  
0.0253
and A′ = [1 − 4 3]
Hence, it will take 11.89 yr. [1]
− 1 − 1 4 − 3
1 − 1 a 1 
31. Given, A =
2 − 1
and B =
b − 1 ∴ RHS = B′ A′ =  2  [1 − 4 3]=  2 − 8 6 
1 1 −4 3 
   
1 − 1  a 1 
Now, A + B = +
2 − 1 b − 1
[multiplying row by column] ...(ii)
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get ( AB)′ = B′ A′
 1 + a − 1 + 1  1 + a 0 
= = ∴ LHS = RHS
2 + b − 1 − 1 2 + b − 2  [1]

1 + a 0  1 + a 0  32. Let P and t be the principal and time, respectively.

⇒ ( A + B)2 =
2 + b − 2  2 + b − 2  It is given that the principal increases continuously at
the rate of 5% per year.
 1 + a2 + 2 a 0 dP dP 5
=  So, = 5% of P ⇒ = P
2 + 2 a + b + ab − 4 − 2 b 4 dt dt 100 [1]
 a2 + 2 a + 1 0 On separating the variable, we get
= [1]
2 a − b + ab − 2 4 dP 1
= dt
P 20
1 − 1 1 − 1  a 1   a 1 
Also, A2 + B 2 = +
2 − 1 2 − 1 b − 1 b − 1
On integrating both sides, we get
dP 1 1
=
− 1 0  a2 + b a − 1
+ ∫ P = ∫ 20dt ⇒log| P | = 20 t + C …(i)
ab − b b + 1
 0 − 1
 
When t = 0, P = ` 1000 (initially) this
a2 + b − 1 a − 1
= log 1000 = C …(ii)[1]
 ab − b b 
On putting the value of C in Eq. (i), we get
Given, ( A + B)2 = A2 + B 2 1
log|P| = t + log 1000
 a2 + 2 a + 1 0  a2 + b − 1 a − 1 20
⇒ =  [1]
2 a − b + ab − 2 4  ab − b b   P  1
⇒ log   = t
On equating the corresponding elements, we get  1000  20

a2 + 2 a + 1 = a2 + b − 1⇒2 a − b = 0 ...(i)  m
Q log m − log n = log [1]
⇒ a − 1 = 0 ⇒a = 1 ...(ii)  n 
⇒ 2 a − b + ab − 2 = ab − b When t = 10, then
⇒ 2a − 2 = 0 ⇒ a = 1 P 1
...(iii) log = × 10
1000 20
∴ b=4 ...(iv)
P
Since, a = 1and b = 4 also satisfy Eq. (i), therefore a = 1 ⇒ = e 1/ 2 [Q loge x = ⇒ e m = x ] [1]
and b = 4 [1] 1000
 ⇒
P
= e 0. 5 = 1648
. ⇒ | A| = 1 ( 0 + 17 ) − 1 (0 − 17 ) + 1 (− 10 − 16) [2]
1000 = 17 + 17 − 26
⇒ P = 1000 × 1648
. = 8≠ 0
⇒ P = 1648 So, A is non-singular matrix and its inverse exists.
Hence, after 10 yr, the amount will worth ` 1648. [1] Now, cofactors of elements of| A| are
Or 16 17
A11 = (− 1 )2 = 1 (0 + 17 ) = 17
Let the original count of bacteria be N0 and at any time −1 0
the count of bacteria be N. 10 17
dN A12 = (− 1 )3 = − 1 (0 − 17 ) = 17
Then, ∝N 1 0
dt
10 16
dN dN A13 = (− 1 )4 = 1 (− 10 − 16) = − 26
⇒ = kN ⇒ = kdt 1 −1
dt N [1]
1 1
On integrating both sides, we get A21 = (− 1 )3 = − 1 (0 + 1) = − 1
−1 0
dN
∫ N = ∫ kdt A22 = (− 1 )4
1 1
= 1(0 − 1) = − 1
1 0
⇒ log N = kt + C
⇒ N = e kt +C A23 = (− 1)5
1 1
= − 1 (− 1 − 1) = 2
1 −1
⇒ N = e C e kt
1 1
⇒ N = λe kt [Q e C = λ ] [2] A31 = (− 1)4 = 1 (17 − 16) = 1
16 17
When t = 0, then N = N0, we get λ = N0
1 1
∴ N = N0 e kt A32 = (− 1)5 = − 1(17 − 10 ) = − 7
10 17
When t = 3, N = 3N0 1 1
A33 = (− 1)6 = 1 (16 − 10 ) = 6 [1]
∴ 3N0 = N0 e 3k 10 16
T
⇒ e 3k = 3 ⇒ e k = (3)1/ 3 [1]  A11 A12 A13 
∴ adj ( A) =  A21 A22 A23 
When N = 4N0 A
 31 A32 A33 
∴ 4N0 = N0e kt
T
17 17 −26  17 −1 1 
⇒ e kt = 4
=  −1 −1 2  =  17 −1 −7 
⇒ (31/ 3 )t = 4  1 −7 6  −26 2 6 


⇒ t =
3log 4
h  17 −1 1 
adj ( A) 1
log 3 [1] Now, A−1 = =  17 −1 −7 
8
6 
| A|
−26 2
33. Let `x, ` y and `z be invested in saving bank accounts at
1 and the solution of given system is given by
the rate of 5%, 8% and 8 %, respectively.
2 X = A−1 B.
Then, according to given condition we have the
following system of equations x   17 −1 1   7000 
1
⇒  y  =  17 −1 −7  110000 
x + y + z = 7000,  z  8 −26 2 6   0 
…(i)
5x 8y 17 z   
and + + = 550
100 100 200  119000 − 110000 + 0 
1
⇒ 10 x + 16 y + 17 z = 110000 …(ii) =  119000 − 110000 + 0 
8 
and x−y=0 …(iii) −182000 + 220000 + 0 
This system of equations can be written in matrix form  9000  1125 
1
as AX = B =  9000  = 1125 
8   
1 1 1 x   7000  38000  4750 
where, A = 10 16 17 , X =  y  and B = 110000  On comparing the corresponding elements, we get
 1 −1 0   z  0 
      x = 1125, y = 1125, z = 4750
1 1 1 Hence, the amount deposited in each type of account is
Here,| A| = 10 16 17 ` 1125,` 1125 and ` 4750, respectively. [2]
1 −1 0
34. x ≥ 20 …(iii)
y − 4x ≥ 0 ⇒ y ≥ 4x …(iv)
4-year
Small 4-quarterly 4-quarterly and x, y ≥ 0 …(v)
Yearly/ centered
scale moving moving
Quarterly
industry total average
moving Firstly, draw the graph of the line x + y = 200
average
x 0 200
I 39
y 200 0
II 47
2012 On putting (0, 0) in the inequality x + y ≤ 200, we have
III 20 162 40.5 44.125
0 + 0 ≤ 200 ⇒ 0 ≤ 200 (which is true)
IV 56 191 47.75 49.25
So, the half plane is towards the origin.
I 68 203 50.75 56.5
Secondly, draw the graph of the line y = 4x
II 59 249 62.25 64.25
2013 x 0 20
III 66 265 66.25 68.75
y 0 80
IV 72 285 71.25 71.375
On putting (10, 0) in the inequality y ≥ 4x, we have
I 88 286 71.5 70.75
0 ≥ 4 × 10 ⇒ 0 ≥ 40 (which is false)
II 60 280 70.00 69.375
2014 So, the half plane is towards Y-axis. [2]
III 60 275 68.75
Thirdly, draw the graph of the line x = 20
IV 67
On putting (0, 0) in the inequality x ≥ 20, we have
[2] 0 ≥ 20 (which is false)
We draw the following graph from the above data. So, the half plane is away from the origin. Since,
Y x, y ≥ 0
90 88
So, the feasible region lies in the first quadrant.
80 72 71 33
68 64.5 69.375
On solving the equations, we get
70
67 A (20, 80), B (40, 160) and C (20, 180).
60 56 68.75 70
59
50 47 56.5
60 60 ∴ Feasible region is ABCA.
49.25
40 44 125 Y
30 39 200
180 C(20, 180)
20 B(40, 160)
20 160
140
X 120
I II III IV I II III IV I II III IV 100
2012 2013 2014 80 A(20, 80)
[2]
60
A kink is shown near origin on the Y-axis to indicate that 40
the scale on Y-axis starts with 20. 20
X
The dark curve represents quarterly profits of a small O 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
(0, 0) x + y = 200
scale industry and dotted curve represents 4-quarterly x = 20
centered moving averages. [1] y – 4x = 0
[2]
35. Let x passengers travel by executive class and y The corner points of the feasible region are
passengers travel by economy class. We construct A(20, 80), B (40, 160) and C(20, 180). The value
the following table. of Z at these points are as follows:
Class Number of tickets Profit (in `) Corner point Value of Z = 1000 x + 600 y
Executive x 1000x A(20, 80) 68000
Economy y 600y B(40, 160) 136000 (Maximum)
Total x+ y 1000 x + 600 y C(20, 180) 128000
Thus, the maximum value of Z is 136000 at B (40, 160).
So, our problem is to maximise
Thus, 40 tickets of executive class and
Z = 1000 x + 600 y …(i)
160 tickets of economy class should be sold to
Subject to constraints,
maximise the profit and the maximum profit is`136000.
x + y ≤ 200 …(ii) [1]
 Or The values of Z at these points are as follows.
Let the company manufactures x dolls of type A and
y dolls of type B, then Corner points Value of Z = 12 x + 16 y
x, y ≥ 0 …(i) O (0, 0) 0
x + y ≤ 1200 …(ii) A(600, 0) 7200
y ≤ x /2 ⇒ x − 2 y ≥ 0 …(iii) B(1050, 150) 15000
and x ≤ 3 y + 600 ⇒ x − 3 y ≤ 600 …(iv)
C(800, 400) 16000 (Maximum)
Let Z be the total profit, then
Z = 12 x + 16 y The maximum value of Z is 16000 at C(800, 400).
Thus, 800 and 400 dolls of types A and type B should be
Firstly, draw the graph of the line x + y = 1200
produced, respectively to get the maximum profit of
x 1200 0 ` 16000. [2]
y 0 1200
36. (i) Value of X is 8, 5, 2, − 1, − 12
On putting (0, 0) in the inequality x + y ≤ 1200, we have
(a) W = 8
0 + 0 ≤ 1200 ⇒ 0 ≤ 1200 (which is true) (b) LW = − 3 + 8 = 5
So, the half plane is towards the origin. (c) LLW = − 3 − 3 + 8 = 2
Secondly, draw the graph of the line x − 2 y = 0 (d) LLLW = − 3 − 3 − 3 + 8 = − 1
x 0 2 (e) LLLL = − 3 − 3 − 3 − 3 = − 12 [1]
y 0 1
(ii) The probability distribution of X are given below
[1] X 8 5 2 −1 − 12
On putting (200, 0) in the inequality x − 2 y ≥ 0, we have 1 1 1 1 1
200 − 2 × 0 ≥ 0 ⇒200 ≥ 0 (which is true) P( X )
2 4 8 16 16
So, the half plane is towards the X-axis.
[1]
Thirdly, draw the graph of the line x − 3 y = 600 (iii) Expected value of X i.e. E( X ) = Σ Pi Xi
1 1 1 1 1
x 600 0 = × 8+ × 5+ ×2 − × 1− × 12
2 4 8 16 16
y 0 −200
64 + 20 + 4 − 1 − 12
=
Y 16
75
1400
= [2]
1200 16
1000 Or
800 ∴ E( X 2 ) = Σ Pi Xi2
600 1 1 1 1 1
400 C(800, 400)
= × 64 + × 25 + × 4 + × 1+
2 4 8 16 16
200
100 B(1050, 150) × 144
A(600, 0) 512 + 100 + 8 + 1 + 144
O
X =
16
1200
100
200
400

600
800
1000

1400
1600

x = 2y
(0, 0) x – 3y = 600 765
[2]
x + y = 1200 = [2]
16
On putting (0, 0) in the inequality x − 3 y ≤ 600, we have
0 − 3 × 0 ≤ 600 ⇒ 0 ≤ 600 (which is true)
37. (i) Part of the tank filled by A in 1 h = 1
5
So, the half plane is towards the origin. 1
Part of the tank filled by B in 1 h =
Since, x, y ≥ 0, so the feasible region lies in the first 9
quadrant. Part of the tank filled by both pipes
The point of intersection of lines x − 3 y = 600 and 1 1 9 + 5 14
= + = = [1/2]
x + y = 1200 is B(1050, 150 ), of lines x = 2 y and 5 9 45 45
x + y = 1200 is C (800, 400 ). 45
∴Time taken to fill the tank = h
∴ Feasible region is OABCO. 14
The corner points of the feasible region are O (0, 0 ), 3
=3 h [1/2]
A (600, 0), B (1050, 150) and C (800, 400). 14
 1 2 2 22 x
(ii) Part of the tank filled by B in 1 h = ⇒ x − + 12 = 0
9 3 3
1 ⇒ x 2 − 11x + 18 = 0
Part of the tank empty by C in 1 h =
12
⇒ (x − 2 ) (x − 9) = 0
Part of the tank filled by both pipes
1 1 4− 3 1 ⇒ x =2 [Q x ≤ 5]
= − = =
9 12 36 36 On putting x = 2 in D(x ) , we get
∴ Time taken to fill the tank 36 h. [1] p = (2 )2 − 6(2 ) + 16
1
(iii) Part of the tank filled by A in 1 h = p = 4 − 12 + 16 = 8
5
1 Hence, (2,8) is the equilibrium point. [2]
Part of the tank filled by B in 1 h =
9 Or
Part of the tank empty by C in 1 h =
1
[1] The demand function is p = 10e − x
12
It is given that p0 = 1.
∴Part of the tank filled by pipes A, B and C in 1 h
1 1 1 36 + 20 − 15 41 On putting the value of p0 = 1 in p = 10e − x , we get
= + − = =
5 9 12 180 180 1 = 10e − x
180
Time taken to fill the tank = h [1] ⇒ e x = 10
41
Or ⇒ x = loge 10
41 ∴ x 0 = loge 10 [1]
In 1 h, part of the tank filled by all pipes =
180 Then, consumer's surplus is given by
In 3 h, part of the tank filled by all pipes x0
41 123 41 CS = ∫ pdx − p0x 0
= 3× = = part of the tank [1] 0
180 180 60 log
41 19 =∫ e 10
10e − x dx − loge 10
Unfilled part of the tank = 1 − = 0
60 60 [1]
= − 10[e − x ]log
0
e 10
− loge 10
38. The demand and supply functions are p = D(x ) and
p = S (x ),  1 
= 10 − 1 − loge 10
2
e loge 10  [1]
where D(x ) = x − 6x + 16
1 
x 2 4x = − 10 − 1 − loge 10
and S (x ) = + +4 10 
3 3
The equilibrium point (x 0, p0 ) is the point at which the = − 1 + 10 − loge 10
demand supply curves intersect = 9 − loge 10
∴ D(x ) = S (x ) 1
= 9− [Q log a b ⋅ log b a = 1] [1]
2 x 2 4x log 10 e
⇒ x − 6x + 16 = + +4
3 3 [2] 1
= 9−
x2 4x 0.4343
⇒ x2 − − 6x − + 16 − 4 = 0
3 3 CS = 9 − 2.30 = 670
. [1]