Linear Equations

One Variable ax+b=0 a≠0 and a&b are real numbers

Two variable ax+by+c = 0 a≠0 & b≠0 and a,b & c are real numbers

Three Variable ax+by+cz+d=0 a≠0 , b≠0, c≠0 and a,b,c,d are real numbers

Pair of Linear Equations in two variables

a1x+b1y+c1=0
a2x+b2y+c2=0

Where

 a1, b1, c1, a2, b2, and c2 are all real numbers and
 a12+b12 ≠ 0 & a22 + b22 ≠ 0

It should be noted that linear equations in two variables can also be

represented in graphical form.

Quadratic Equation and Formula

The standard form of a Quadratic Equation is:

ax2+bx+c=0 where a ≠ 0

and
x=−b±b2−4ac2a

Algebraic formulas
 (a+b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab
 (a-b)2 = a2 + b2 – 2ab
  (a+b) (a-b) = a2 – b2
 (x + a)(x + b) = x2 + (a + b)x + ab
 (x + a)(x – b) = x2 + (a – b)x – ab
 (x – a)(x + b) = x2 + (b – a)x – ab
 (x – a)(x – b) = x2 – (a + b)x + ab
 (a + b)3 = a3 + b3 + 3ab(a + b)
 (a – b)3 = a3 – b3 – 3ab(a – b)
 (x + y + z)2 = x2 + y2 + z2 + 2xy + 2yz + 2xz
 (x + y – z)2 = x2 + y2 + z2 + 2xy – 2yz – 2xz
 (x – y + z)2 = x2 + y2 + z2 – 2xy – 2yz + 2xz
 (x – y – z)2 = x2 + y2 + z2 – 2xy + 2yz – 2xz
 x3 + y3 + z3 – 3xyz = (x + y + z)(x2 + y2 + z2 – xy – yz -xz)
 x2 + y2 =½ [(x + y)2 + (x – y)2]
 (x + a) (x + b) (x + c) = x3 + (a + b +c)x2 + (ab + bc + ca)x + abc
 x3 + y3= (x + y) (x2 – xy + y2)
 x3 – y3 = (x – y) (x2 + xy + y2)
 x2 + y2 + z2 -xy – yz – zx = ½ [(x-y)2 + (y-z)2 + (z-x)2]

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Basic formulas for powers

 pm x pn = pm+n
 {pm}⁄{pn} = pm-n
 (pm)n = pmn
 p-m = 1/pm
 p1 = p
 P0 = 1

Arithmetic Progression(AP) Formulas

If a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6,… are the terms of AP and d is the common difference
between each term, then we can write the sequence as; a , a+d, a+2d,
a+3d, a+4d, a+5d,….,nth term… where a is the first term. Now, n th term
for arithmetic progression is given as;

nth term = a + (n-1) d

Sum of the first n terms in Arithmetic Progression;

Sn=n2[2a+(n−1)d]
Trigonometry Formulas For Class 10
Trigonometry maths formulas for Class 10 cover three major functions
Sine, Cosine and Tangent for a right-angle triangle. Also, in trigonometry,
the functions sec, cosec and cot formulas can be derived with the help of
sin, cos and tan formulas.

Let a right-angled triangle ABC is right-angled at point B and have ∠θ.

sin θ=Side opposite to angle θHypotenuse=PerpendicularHypotenuse=PH

Cos θ=Adjacent side to angle θHypotenuse=BaseHypotenuse=BH
Tan θ=Side opposite to angle θAdjacent side to angle θ=PB
Sec θ=1cosθ
Cot θ=1tanθ
Cosec θ=1sinθ
Tan θ=Sin θCos θ
Trigonometry Table:

Angle 0° 30° 45° 60° 90°

Sinθ 0 1/2 1/√2 √3/2 1

Cosθ 1 √3/2 1/√2 ½ 0

Tanθ 0 1/√3 1 √3 Undefined

Cotθ Undefined √3 1 1/√3 0

Secθ 1 2/√3 √2 2 Undefined

Cosecθ Undefined 2 √2 2/√3 1

Other Trigonometric formulas:

 sin(90° – θ) = cos θ
 cos(90° – θ) = sin θ
 tan(90° – θ) = cot θ
 cot(90° – θ) = tan θ
 sec(90° – θ) = cosecθ
  cosec(90° – θ) = secθ
 sin2θ + cos2 θ = 1
 sec2 θ = 1 + tan2θ for 0° ≤ θ < 90°
 Cosec2 θ = 1 + cot2 θ for 0° ≤ θ ≤ 90°

Get complete Trigonometry Formulas list here

Circles Formulas For Class 10

 Circumference of the circle = 2 π r
 Area of the circle = π r2
 Area of the sector of angle θ = (θ/360) × π r2
 Length of an arc of a sector of angle θ = (θ/360) × 2 π r

(r = radius of the circle)

Surface Area and Volumes Formulas For Class 10

The common formulas from the surface area and volumes chapter in
10th class include the following:

 Sphere Formulas

Diameter of sphere 2r

Surface area of sphere 4 π r2

Volume of Sphere 4/3 π r3

 Cylinder Formulas

Curved surface area of 2 πrh

Cylinder

Area of two circular bases 2 πr2

Total surface area of Curved surface area of Cylinder + Area of Circular bases = 2
Cylinder πrh + 2 πr2
 Volume of Cylinder π r2 h

 Cone Formulas

Slant height of cone l = √(r2 + h2)

Curved surface area of cone πrl

Total surface area of cone πr (l + r)

Volume of cone ⅓ π r2 h

 Cuboid Formulas

Perimeter of cuboid 4(l + b +h)

Length of the longest diagonal of a cuboid √(l2 + b2 + h2)

Total surface area of cuboid 2(l×b + b×h + l×h)

Volume of Cuboid l×b×h

Here, l = length, b = breadth and h = height. In case of Cube, put l = b =

h = a, as cube all its sides of equal length, to find the surface area and
volumes.

Statistics Formulas for Class 10

In class 10, the chapter statistics mostly deals with finding the mean,
median and mode of grouped data.

(I) The mean of the grouped data can be found by 3 methods.

Direct Method:

x¯=∑i=1nfixi∑i=1nfi
where ∑fi xi is the sum of observations from value i = 1 to n

And ∑fi is the number of observations from value i = 1 to n

Assumed mean method :

x¯=a+∑i=1nfidi∑i=1nfi
where a is assumed mean and di is deviation of a from each of the xi.

Also, di = xi – a

Step deviation method :

x¯=a+∑i=1nfiui∑i=1nfi×h
where

ui=xi−ah
and h is class size
(II) The mode of grouped data:

Mode=l+f1−f02f1−f0−f2×h
l=lower limit of modal class.

h= size of the class interval

f1= frequency of modal class.

f0= frequency of the class preceding the modal class.

f2= frequency of the class succeeding the modal class.

(III) The median for a grouped data:

Median=l+n2−cff×h
l=lower limit of median class.

n= number of observations.

cf= cumulative frequency of class preceding the median class.

f= frequency of median class

h= class size