ENGLISH 10 UNIT 3: TO-INFINITIVES / BARE INFINITIVES / GERUNDS

I. To-infinitive / Infinitive with to

* Động từ nguyên mẫu có to được dùng làm:
- Chủ ngữ của câu: To become a famous singer is her dream.
- Bổ ngữ cho chủ ngữ: What I like is to swim in the sea and then to lie on the warm sand.
- Tân ngữ của động từ It was late, so we decided to take a taxi home.
- Tân ngữ của tính từ I’m pleased to see you.
* V + to-V1
- afford: đáp ứng - decide: quyết định - learn: học/ học cách - promise: hứa
- attempt: cố gắng, nỗ lực - expect: mong đợi - manage: xoay sở, cố gắng - refuse: từ chối
- ask: yêu cầu - fail: thất bại, hỏng - need: cần - seem: dường như
- appear: hình như - hope: hy vọng - offer: cho, tặng, đề nghị - threaten: đe dọa
- agree: đồng ý - invite: mời - plan: lên kế họach - tell: bảo
- arrange: sắp xếp - intend: định - pretend: giả vờ - want: muốn
- would like: thích
* Verb +O +To-V1:
- advise SO to : khuyên - force SO to : buộc - permit SO to: cho phép - tell SO to : bảo
- ask SO to : hỏi, nhờ - invite SO to : mời - remind SO to: nhắc nhở - warn SO not to: cảnh báo
- allow SO to: cho phép - need SO to: cần - require SO to : đòi hỏi - want SO to: muốn
- encourage SO to: khuyến khích - order SO to : ra lệnh - request SO to : yêu cầu - would like SO to: thíc
* Trong các cấu trúc:
+ It takes / took + O + thời gian + to + V1 (lấy của ai bao nhiêu thời gian để làm gì)
Ex: It often takes me ten minutes to walk to school.
+ chỉ mục đích Ex: I learn English to go abroad
+ bổ ngữ cho danh từ hoặc đại từ: S + V + Noun / pronoun + to + V1
Ex: - I have some letters to write. - Is there anything to eat?
+ It + be + adj + to + V1: thật … để .. Ex: It is interesting to study English
+ S + be + adj + to + V1 Ex: I’m happy to receive your latter.
+ S + V + too + adj / adv (+ for + O) + to + V1 ( quá ….. để…..)
Ex: The coffee is too hot for me to drink
+ S + V + adj / adv + enough + to + V1
Ex: She is old enough to do that job.
+ S + find / think / believe + it + adj + to + V1
Ex: I find it difficult to learn English vocabulary.
- Sau các từ nghi vấn: what, who, which, when, where, how,… (nhưng thường không dùng sau why)
Ex: I don’t know what to say.
- Sau so sánh nhất, sau FIRST, LAST, SECOND, ONLY,…
Ex: She is always the first student to come to the class.
* Note:
- allow / permit/ advise / recommend + O + to + V1 She allowed me to use her pen.
- allow / permit / advise / recommend + V-ing She didn’t allow smoking in her room
II. Bare infinitive / Infinitive without to
- Sau : Động từ khiếm khuyết: will, shall, can, would, should, could, may, might, must, ought to, have to, had better
- Sau : Let/ make / have / help + O + V1 (để/ làm/ nhờ, giúp ai đó làm gì)
Note be + made + to + V1
Ex:- The teacher let the students go out. - I had my father cut my hair
- He made her cry - She was made to cry
- Sau: would rather: nên , do nothing but: k gi nhung chi
- help + V1 / to + V1 My brother helped me do my homework
- help + O + V1 / to + V1 My brother helped me to do my homework.
- help + O + with + N My brother helped me with my homework.
* Động từ chỉ giác quan
- Các động từ chỉ tri giác: hear, sound, smell, taste, feel, watch, notice, see, listen, find .. + O + V1 (chứng kiến toàn bộ
sự việc diễn ra từ đầu đến cuối)
Ex: I saw her get off the bus.
- Các động từ chỉ tri giác: hear, sound, smell, taste, feel, watch, notice, see, listen, find .. + O + V-ing (Chứng kiến một
phần của hành động) Ex: I smell something burning in the kitchen.
I. Put the verbs into the correct form (infinitive with or without to).
1. Sally offered (look) ……………………….. after our children while we were out.
2. she can (sing ) ………………..quite well
3. he will be able (swim) ………..very soon
4. He advises Julia (go) ……………….. to the dentist.
5. You ought (go) …………… today. it may (rain) …………………. tomorrow
6. you needn't (stay) …………….anything. just nod your head and will ( understand)……………..
7. It's too late (say) …………………. goodbye.
8. he made her ( repeat) ………………….the message
9. It took me 2 weeks (find) ………………………… a suitable job.
10. It's necessary for her (come) ……………………. back home before 10 p.m.
11. if you want (get) ……………..there before dark you should ( start ) ………………. at once
12. He speaks English well enough (communicate) ……………………… with foreigners
13. You'd better (study) …………………….. harder in order to pass the exam.
14 would you like (go) …………… now or shall we (wait)…………………. till the and
15. We are not allowed (talk) ………………………….. in the library.
16. The children were eager(see) ……………….. their parents.
17. I heard someone scream at midnight.
18. It is easy (answer) …………………….. this question.
19. will you help me ( move) ……………… the bookcase?
20. He'd rather(stay) ……………………………. at home.
21. they refused (accept) …………… the bribe.
22. he is expected (arrive). …………………. in a few days
23. please let me (know) ……………….. your decision as soon possible
24. He agreed (buy) ………………………. a new car.
II. Rewrite the following sentences , using the given words in brackets
1. The teacher allowed me to stay at home to finish the assignment.
=> The teacher let ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. The boy ran away from the house.
=> She noticed ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. He said that he didn’t want to learn Math.
=> I hear ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. . The policeman told the thief to empty his pockets.
=> The police made ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. He left the house early this morning.
=> I heard ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. He drove away.
=> She stood there and watched…………………………………………………………………………………
7. The robber came from the back door.
=> I could feel ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8.. May be the school will ask me to pay some extra money.
=> Do you think the school will make ………………………………………………………………………………
9. They arrived home late.
=>He saw ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. . She didn’t want to stay there fore the weekend.
=> They made her ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
11. Don't stop he doing what he wants.
=> Let ……………………………………….
12. My lawyer said that I shouldn't say anything to the police.
=> My lawyer advised ………………………………………………………….
13. I think you that you should visit your parents this weekend.
=> I want you……………………………………………………
14. Don't let me forget to phone my sister.
=> Remind me …………………………………………….
III. Circle the correct answer
1. My sister is a nurse (and/ but) she works in a dental clinic.
2. My teeth hurt, (so/ or) I make an appointment with the dentist.
3. The couple want to go to the musical, (but/ so) there aren't any tickets left.
4. Stop listening to rock music through earphones (or/ and) you will have earache.
5. Eating too much sugar is bad for your teeth, (so/ and) it causes obesity.
6. The laptop suddenly stops working, (but/ so) I cannot finish my work on time.
7. There are many people passing by (and/ but) only few people drop in the restaurant.
8. The doctor advises people to drink enough water, (and/ so) do exercises regularly.
9. My neighborhood is peaceful, (but/ so) sometimes there are several cases of petty crime.
10. My boyfriend asked me out (and/ but) I was sick.
IV. Combine sentences, using appropriate coordinating conjunction
1. I couldn’t go to your party. I was tired.
……………………………………………………………………………………
2. Nana is a vegetarian. She doesn’t eat meat.
……………………………………………………………………………………
3. My car is broken. I don’t have enough money to buy a new one.
……………………………………………………………………………………
4. Ogami passed her final test with a high score. Her parents took her to Hawaii as a gift.
……………………………………………………………………………………
5. I prefer cats. They are clean and quiet.
……………………………………………………………………………………
6. Tommy hates studying. He goes to school everyday.
……………………………………………………………………………………
7. I feel tired. I need to finish my work.
……………………………………………………………………………………
8. The sky is clear. I can see many stars.
……………………………………………………………………………………
9. They don’t like watching TV. They don’t like listening to the radio
……………………………………………………………………………………
10. Paul has a three – week holiday. He doesn’t have enough money to travel.
……………………………………………………………………………………
11. We are out of food. We should go to the supermarket and buy some things.
……………………………………………………………………………………
V. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
1. Tom said that he could ____ me with this assignment.
A. helped B. helping C. to help D. help
2. John made me ____ a lot with his hilarious jokes.
A. laughing B. to laugh C. laugh D. laughed
3. I’d like ____ all of you to enjoy my party on this Friday.
A. to invite B. inviting C. invite D. not invite
4. We expect Linh ____ to the airport late as the plane will take off in 15 minutes.
A. to come B. not to come C. not coming D. coming
5. I’m happy ____ that you’ve passed your driving test. Congratulations!
A. not hearing B. hear C. hearing D. to hear
6. My mother said that she would rather ____ to Hoi An than Nha Trang.
A. to travel B. travelling C. not to travel D. travel
7. I allow my little daughter ____ with her friends in the flower garden.
A. not to play B. to play C. playing D. play
8. You’d better ____ out with your friends as it is very dangerous in the evening.
A. went B. go C. going D. to go
9. My parents let my sister ____ camping with her friends in the mountain.
A. not go B. going C. go D. to go
10. We intend ____ him the truth for fear that he’ll fly into a fit of madness.
A. to tell B. telling C. not tell D. not to tell
11. My family really loves Japanese food, ____ we order it twice a week.
A. yet B. so C. but D. nor
12. These games are challenging, ____ it’s not easy to spend little time playing them.
A. so B. and C. for D. or
13. Smoking is extremely detrimental to health, ____ many people continue to smoke anyway.
 A. nor B. so C. yet D. then
14. We were lost in the forest, ____ luckily my friend had a map in his backpack.
A. and B. so C. for D. but
15. Would you like a cup of milk tea ____ a cup of hot chocolate after dinner?
A. and B. or C. yet D. so
16. Minh had his teeth decayed, ____ he refused to see the dentist.
A. and B. so C. or D. but
17. Anna thinks she ought to go to the university, ____ she wants to get qualifications for her dream job.
A. and B. yet C. for D. so
18. He invested a lot of money in this business, ____ it went bankrupt in a very short time.
A. but B. and C. for D. nor
19. The students didn’t revise for their exams, ____ did they realise how important the exams were.
A. nor B. but C. so D. for
20. Peter wonders he should stay home and watch TV, ____ he should go out and have dinner with his friends.
A. so B. or C. and D. nor
VI. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
21. The doctors looked at the test result, but they decided to operate on the patient.
A B C D
22. Hoa flew to Paris to visit her grandma, so to see Eiffel Tower.
A B C D
23. Lan studied hard for the final test, but she passed with flying colours.
A B C D
24. She’s counting her calories, so she really wants to eat dessert after meals
A B C D
25. There was no food in the fridge, nor they didn’t have money to go to the market.
A B C D
26. Dogs are loyal pets, for they will never make you feeling betrayed.
A B C D
27. We went to the Korean restaurant, so we found out it was closed early.
A B C D
28. Don’t forget your passport, and you’ll have trouble checking in.
A B C D
29. We also have to do our assignment, and we’ll be punished.
A B C D
30. John picked me up at my house, but we went out for a walk.
A B C D
VII. Give the correct form of the words in brackets:
2. This is one of the most ............... entertainment formats in the UK. It attracts a significantly huge number of audience (
success )
4. Is Vietnam Idol an .................... program or a franchised one ? ( origin )
5. Van Cao is known as one of the most important ............... of modern Vietnamese music ( compose )
6. His song, Tien Quan Ca, is the ...................... anthem of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam ( nation )
7. After his ......................, he recieved the Ho Chi Minh prize ( die )
8. Exercising regularly is a powerful weapon to enhance ................... well-being ( psychology )
9. His important ..................... is to invent the instrumental ballade ( achieve )
10. The male singer will sing their challenge phrase with a ................. melody, like musical ping pong ( differ )
VIII. Complete each sentence with the correct preposition.
1. Many competitors feel it difficult to identify ___________ the famous singers or celebrities.
2. I voted ___________ that singer in the last season.
3. That guitarist played a great role ___________ the band’s success.
4. He is practising every day, in preparation ___________ the music contest.
5. The music ___________ her latest CD shows a variety ___________ styles.
6. She appeared ___________ stage ___________ a famous comedian.
7. I like songs ___________ a simple melody.
8. Whitney Houston will be remembered ___________ her talents.
9. The band played ___________ huge audiences in Ha Noi and Ho Chi Minh City.
10. People hope that band to appear ___________ a festival in Nha Trang next month.